Category:8. Pennines and adjoining areas

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Geological sketch map showing the range and distribution of different rock types in The Pennines and adjacent areas. The extent of the region is identified on the inset map of the United Kingdom. P902265.

This account provides a broad perspective of the geology of the Pennines and adjacent areas region, which includes Greater Manchester, Lancashire, Merseyside, South Yorkshire, West Yorkshire, and parts of Cheshire, Cumbria, Derbyshire, Lincolnshire, North Yorkshire, Nottinghamshire and Staffordshire. Figure P902265 provides a geological sketch map of this region showing the rock types occurring in relation to the major towns and cities. This account outlines the geology to a depth of at least a kilometre and summarises the current and historical use of the geological resources in the area.

Geology influences many aspects of the varied countryside and land-use of this region. In fact, it is the underlying geology that gives so much of the distinctive character to stunning landscapes from the Lancashire fells to the Derbyshire Peak District. The exploration and exploitation of resources, including hydrocarbons and minerals, has resulted in a detailed knowledge of the geology of the region. Industrial developments that flank the southern part of the Pennine Hills are centred near accumulations of natural mineral resources including coal and limestone. Natural outcrops of rock, surface mines and quarries provide information on the geology near the surface, with underground mines giving detail at depth. Insight into geology below the level of mining comes from borehole investigations associated with water and hydrocarbons exploration, the latter also associated with techniques such as geophysical seismic surveys that provide an understanding of the deep geological structure of the region by sending sound waves through the ground.

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