Building stones of Edinburgh. 2nd edition.
Contents
Foreword
Contents
Preface to the 2nd Edition
Preface to the 3rd Edition
Chapter 1 the City of Edinburgh and its geological backdrop
Chapter 2 the geological characteristics of building stones
- Introduction
- Sedimentary rocks
- Sandstones
- Bedding characteristics
- Sedimentary structures in sandstones
- Joints
- Classification of sandstones: mineralogy, grain and cement composition and colour
- Weathering
- Limestones
- Igneous rocks
- Metamorphic rocks
- Slate
- Marble
- References
Chapter 3 Stratigraphy and origin of sandstones used in Edinburgh
- Geological setting
- Scottish Devonian sandstone ('Old Red Sandstone')
- Sandstones of Angus
- Caithness Flagstones
- Carboniferous sandstone of the Midland Valley of Scotland
- Inyerclyde Group
- Kinnesswood Formation
- Ballagan Formation
- Strathclyde Group
- Arthur's Seat Volcanic Formation and Gullane Formation
- West Lothian Oil-Shale Formation
- Clackmannan Group
- Lower Limestone Formation
- Limestone Coal and Upper Limestone Formations
- Passage Formation
- Coal Measures
Permian and Triassic Sandstone ('New Red Sandstone') of Dumfries & Galloway and Ayrshire
- Appleby Group
- Locharbriggs Sandstone Formation
- Thornhill Sandstone Formation
- Corncockle Sandstone Formation
- Mauchline Sandstone Formation
- Sherwood Sandstone Group
- St Bees Sandstone Formation
- Permian and Triassic Sandstone New Red Sandstone of Moray
- Carboniferous sandstone from the Scottish Borders and England
- Lower Carboniferous
- Cementstone Group
- Fell Sandstone Group
- Scremerston Coal Group
- Lower and Middle Limestone Groups
- Millstone Grit
- Coal Measures
- Permian and Triassic Sandstone New Red Sandstone of England
- References
Chapter 4 Tests on building stones
- History
- Current methods of testing
- Tests used as indicators of durability
- Porosity
- Water absorption
- Saturation coefficient
- Acid immersion test
- Sodium sulphate crystallisation test
- The mechanical properties of stone
- Strength tests
- Uniaxial or unconfined compression test
- The point-load test
- Hardness
- References
- Working of the stone
- Organisation of work
- The workmen
- References
Chapter 6 The use and availability of sandstone in Edinburgh
- Methods of walling
- Surface finishes
- Smoothed ashlar
- Droved (boasted) work
- Tooled work
- Stugged (punched) work
- Broached work
- Rock-faced (bull-faced, pitch-faced, rusticated) work
- Vermiculated work
- Cladding
- Use of different stone in the same building
- Availability of stone: an historical perspective
- References
Chapter 7 Where to see sandstones in Edinburgh's buildings: Part 1. Edinburgh's Quarries and their Building Stone Products
Burgh Muir (Meadows and Bruntsheld) and Grange Quarries
Craigmillar and Hawkhill Wood Quarries
- The 'Salisbury' Quarries (Camstone and Dumbiedykes)
- Salisbury Crags Quarries
- Greyfriar's Port Quarries
- Other Old Town Quarries
- Craigleith
- Maidencraig
- Barnton Park
- Ravelston
- Craigcrook
- Granton Quarries
- Bearford's Quarries
- Upper Quarry Holes (London Road Quarries) and Lower (Nether) Quarry Holes
- Quarries In the West End of the New Town
- Broughton Quarries
- Ravelston No. 2 and Ravelston Black
- Leith Hill
- Wardie
- Hailes
- Redhall
- Joppa Quarries
- Niddrie
Chapter 8. Where to see sandstones in Edinburgh's buildings: part .2 Scottish and English quarries and their building stone products
Carmyllie and Leoch
Caithness
Binny
Hermand
Dalmeny
Humble
Craigton
Grange
Newbigging
Cuhalo
Clunevar
Fordell
Bishopbriggs Quarries
Kenmure and Huntershill
Plean
Dullatur
Polmaise
Dunmore
Giffnock
Braehead
Auchintea
- Swinton and Whitsome Newton
- Fairloans
- Doddington
- Craggo
- Blaxter
- Darney
- Prudham
- Gunnerton
- Dunhouse
- Stainton
- Catcastle
- Wewield
- Stoke Hall
- Stanton Moor
- Stancliffe
- Springwell
- Woodkirk
- Heworthburn
- Locharbriggs
- Corncockle
- Gatetawbridge
- Closeburn
- Corsehill
- Lazonby
- Moat
- Clashach
- Spynie
- References
Appendix 1 Glossary
Appendix 2 Sandstone quarries: locations and stratigraphy
Appendix 3 Quarry sources for Edinburgh's buildings
Appendix 4 dates of operation and peak numbers employed in selected sandstone quarries appendix properties of building stones:
A. Comparative table of data
Appendix 5 Properties of building stones
B. Localities, descriptions and properties of building stones
C. Bibliography
Appendix 6 fossil trees from Craigleith, Granton and Redhall quarries
Index