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<gallery caption="Excursion to Hastings. Saturday, June 22nd, 1907. Geologists' Association Circular No. 85.">
== Geologists' Association Circular No. 85. Excursion to Hastings. Saturday, June 22nd, 1907.==
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Revision as of 09:17, 13 September 2020

Geologists' Association Circular No. 85. Excursion to Hastings. Saturday, June 22nd, 1907.

Announcement of the Excursion to Hastings. Saturday, June 22nd, 1907 (Transcription from Circular, 85, 1907).

DIRECTOR : W. J. LEWIS ABBOTT, F.G.S.

EXCURSION SECRETARY : A. C. YOUNG, 17, Vicars Hill, Lewisham, S.E.

Train leaves Charing Cross (S.E.R.) 9.6 a.m. : calling at Waterloo, Cannon Street, London Bridge, and New Cross; at each of which stations members can obtain ordinary cheap excursion tickets to Hastings. Price 6s. each.

Meet Director at Warrior Square Station, St. Leonards. Proceed to 8, Grand Parade (few minutes' walk), where light refreshments will be provided by Mrs. Lewis Abbott. Numerous objects of interest will be on view, illustrating things to be seen later in the field.

Drive to Fairlight Church along part of the Fairlight-Brightling anticline, offering magnificent views of South Wealden denudation. Visit quarry in Milk White Sandstone near the base of the Ashdown Sands. Walk through wild and beautiful scenery, past several Neolithic and Hastings Kitchen Midden Men Settlements, to a remarkable implementiferous drift recently discovered by the Director. It would appear to be in an old dip-slope valley which originally drained from the anticline southwards. Since then a deep strike valley has originated, truncating this valley and effacing its upper reaches; the cutting back of the coast and the formation of the English Channel attacking its other end. The drift contains a large proportion of purple and various-coloured quartzites, lydites, and other rocks, and a few hard-worn flints either deeply yellow-brown stained, or jasperized or opalized, calling to mind those of the plateaux. Most of the flints were worked with heavy flaking into characteristic forms, before they entered this colour-giving matrix, some showing signs of rough water wear. In Neolithic times there was a settlement here, and a large quantity of scrapers, small axes, &c., have been recovered. These neoliths are uniformly slightly weathered perfectly uncoloured or bleached. There is also a third set of implements made in Neolithic times from the old brown flakes!

Descend to shore near Lovers' Seat. From Fairlight Glen eastward, the cliffs consist of the Fairlight clays, and are represented by a series of alternations of highly and beautifully-coloured mottled and other clays, shales, and sandrocks. Immense landslips have recently occurred, exhibiting cross-bedding and apparently unconformity, and offer special opportunities for the study of those important beds. Brilliant lignite, Endogenites, erosa, and other vegetation, and a few unios and other fossils can be obtained. Near Ecclesbourne some very remarkable structures—false breccias, cat's brains, oolitic limonite, &c., can be studied. The whole of the Ashdown series is also represented, and offers very fine conditions for study; as also does the Wadhurst Clay. From both of these series, the characteristic fossils can be obtained.

Meat tea, 1s. 3d., at Hastings Restaurant, 10, Queen's Road. Carriages about 1s. each. Walking distance about 4 miles, most of which is rather heavy, but arrangements can he made for shortening the walking distance.

Return train, Hastings 7.15. Arriving Charing Cross 9.15.

REFERENCES.

Geological Survey Map, Sheet 5. 8s. 6d.

1833. Mantell's Geology S.E. of England.

1836. Fitton's Strata in the S.E. England. Trans. Geol. Soc., series 2, vol. iv.

1875. TOPLEY, W., Geology of the Weald.

1878. Dixon's Geology of Sussex.

1886. Proceedings of Geological Association. Vol. ix, p. 544 (part 8, 1s.).

1891. Record of Excursions. Geo. Assoc., pp. 114 to 129.

1895. Seward's British Museum Cat, of Wealden Plants. 2 vols.

References

Lewis Abbott, W.J. and Young, A.C., 1907, Excursion to Hastings: Saturday, June 22nd 1907. Vol 20 (3) p169-174 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7878(07)80069-1

Full image list

From: T W Reader geological photographs. 1914, 1916 - index, GA 'Carreck Archive'.

Page 5 P805225 Illustration: Fig.2: Cliff Section from St. Leonard's to Cliff End. Excursion to Hastings, June 22nd 1907.
Page 5 P805226 Illustration: Beachy Head to Folkestone Hill; Road from London to Hastings. Excursion to Hastings, June 22nd 1907.
Page 5 P805227 The Strade. A modern pebble beach showing the ridge formed by high tides. Excursion to Hastings, June 22nd 1907.
Page 5 P805228 The Dripping Well, Fairlight Glen. Excursion to Hastings, June 22nd 1907.
Page 7 P805229 Excursion to Hastings, June 22nd 1907.
Page 7 P805230 Excursion to Hastings, June 22nd 1907.
Page 7 P805231 The cliff at East Groyne. Excursion to Hastings, June 22nd 1907. Illustration: The cliff at East Groyne.
Page 7 P805232 The cliff at East Groyne. Excursion to Hastings, June 22nd 1907. Added note: Fairlight Clay; Ashdown Sands; Wadhurst Clay. [Bottom to top.].
Page 9 P805233 As the sea carries away the clays and soft beds, the blocks of hard limestone and Ashdown Sands are left until broken up by winter storms. Excursion to Hastings, June 22nd, 23rd, 24th 1907.
Page 9 P805234 As the sea carries away the clays and soft beds, the blocks of hard limestone and Ashdown Sands are left until broken up by winter storms. Excursion to Hastings, June 22nd, 23rd, 24th 1907.
Page 9 P805235 These blocks are in turn protected by a luxuriant growth of marine algae and immense colonies of Mytilus edulis. Excursion to Hastings, June 22nd, 23rd, 24th 1907.
Page 9 P805236 These blocks are in turn protected by a luxuriant growth of marine algae and immense colonies of Mytilus edulis. Excursion to Hastings, June 22nd, 23rd, 24th 1907.
Page 11 P805237 This bed of pure white sand is in the base of the Ashdown Sands and is quarried for glass making. (Fairlight Church sand pit.). Excursion to Hastings, June 22nd, 23rd, 24th 1907.
Page 11 P805238 This bed of pure white sand is in the base of the Ashdown Sands and is quarried for glass making. (Fairlight Church sand pit.). Excursion to Hastings, June 22nd, 23rd, 24th 1907.
Page 11 P805239 Bucks Hole, junction of Ashdown Sand and Wadhurst Clay. Excursion to Hastings, June 22nd, 23rd, 24th 1907. Added note: Ashdown Sands; Wadhurst Clay. [Bottom to top.].
Page 11 P805240 Specimen from the Wadhurst Clay at Bucks Hole (see previous view). Excursion to Hastings, June 22nd, 23rd, 24th 1907. Specimen label: Scales of Lepidotus mantelli (Agassiz). Hastings Sands, Wealden, Hastings.
Page 13 P805241 Ecclesbourne. Ecclesbourne Glen. Excursion to Hastings, June 22nd, 23rd, 24th 1907.
Page 13 P805242 Ecclesbourne. Ashdown Sands overlying Fairlight Clay and capped by Wadhurst Clay. Excursion to Hastings, June 22nd, 23rd, 24th 1907.
Page 13 P805243 Ecclesbourne. The sandrock bed at the head of the glen down which the water flows which in course of time cut out the glen. Excursion to Hastings, June 22nd, 23rd, 24th 1907.
Page 13 P805244 Ecclesbourne. The sandrock bed at the head of the glen down which the water flows which in course of time cut out the glen. Excursion to Hastings, June 22nd, 23rd, 24th 1907.
Page 15 P805245 In Ecclesbourne Glen. Owing to the protection from severe winds due to the excavation of the beds, trees are able to flourish which cannot exist on the Downs. Excursion to Hastings, June 22nd, 23rd, 24th 1907.
Page 15 P805246 Seeds etc. and leaf buds deposited in quiet conditions in the Wealden Lake at Hastings. Excursion to Hastings, June 22nd, 23rd, 24th 1907.
Page 15 P805247 Equisetites lyellii, Hastings. Excursion to Hastings, June 22nd, 23rd, 24th 1907.
Page 15 P805248 Frond of Williamsonia, Hastings. Excursion to Hastings, June 22nd, 23rd, 24th 1907.
Page 17 P805249 Ashdown Sandrock. Excursion to Hastings, June 22nd, 23rd, 24th 1907.
Page 17 P805250 Excursion to Hastings, June 22nd, 23rd, 24th 1907.
Page 17 P805251 Lovers Seat, Ashdown Sands. Excursion to Hastings, June 22nd, 23rd, 24th 1907.
Page 17 P805252 Lovers Seat, Ashdown Sands. Excursion to Hastings, June 22nd, 23rd, 24th 1907.
Page 19 P805253 Fairlight. Excursion to Hastings, June 22nd, 23rd, 24th 1907. In these cliffs we see at sea level the Fairlight Clay which is constantly being eaten away by the action of the waves and causing the cliff to founder, thus bringing the Ashdown Sands and the capping of Wadhurst Clay within reach of the sea.
Page 19 P805254 Fairlight. Excursion to Hastings, June 22nd, 23rd, 24th 1907. In these cliffs we see at sea level the Fairlight Clay which is constantly being eaten away by the action of the waves and causing the cliff to founder, thus bringing the Ashdown Sands and the capping of Wadhurst Clay within reach of the sea.
Page 19 P805255 Fairlight. Excursion to Hastings, June 22nd, 23rd, 24th 1907. In these cliffs we see at sea level the Fairlight Clay which is constantly being eaten away by the action of the waves and causing the cliff to founder, thus bringing the Ashdown Sands and the capping of Wadhurst Clay within reach of the sea.
Page 19 P805256 Fairlight. Excursion to Hastings, June 22nd, 23rd, 24th 1907. In these cliffs we see at sea level the Fairlight Clay which is constantly being eaten away by the action of the waves and causing the cliff to founder, thus bringing the Ashdown Sands and the capping of Wadhurst Clay within reach of the sea.
Page 21 P805257 Cypridea valdensis in Cypris shale. Excursion to Hastings, June 22nd, 23rd, 24th 1907.
Page 21 P805258 Cypridea valdensis in Cypris shale. Excursion to Hastings, June 22nd, 23rd, 24th 1907.
Page 21 P805259 Specimen label: Vertebra of Iguanodon, Wealden. Excursion to Hastings, June 22nd, 23rd, 24th 1907.
Page 21 P805260 Endogenites erosa. This is most likely the stem of a tree fern. Blocks of this were used in building the walls of Hastings Castle mixed with other stones. Excursion to Hastings, June 22nd, 23rd, 24th 1907. Specimen label: Wood of Endogenites erosa. Hastings Sands, Wealden. Rock-a-Nore, Hastings.
Page 23 P805261 Fairlight Cliff. Wadhurst Clay at top, Ashdown Sands in centre, with Fairlight Clay at base. Excursion to Hastings, June 22nd, 23rd, 24th 1907.
Page 23 P805262 Fairlight Cliff. Wadhurst Clay at top, Ashdown Sands in centre, with Fairlight Clay at base. Excursion to Hastings, June 22nd, 23rd, 24th 1907.
Page 23 P805263 Cyrena shale. Excursion to Hastings, June 22nd, 23rd, 24th 1907. Specimen label: Cyrena media (Sowerby). Hastings Sands, Wealden. Hastings. Cyrena flumenalis (Muller). Peshawar, India.
Page 23 P805264 Balls of loamy material washed from the Wealden cliffs and known locally as cats' brains. Excursion to Hastings, June 22nd, 23rd, 24th 1907. Specimen label: Cats' brains, Ecclesbourne.
Page 25 P805265 During the Pleistocene period the glacial conditions of frost and ice ploughed up and altered the physical features of the country and a large river ran down this valley. Excursion to Hastings, June 22nd, 23rd, 24th 1907. During the Pleistocene period the glacial conditions of frost and ice ploughed up and altered the physical features of the country and a large river ran down this valley, cutting through the present ridge at Ore. Part of this valley has now been made into a public park.
Page 25 P805266 [Glacial features]. Excursion to Hastings, June 22nd, 23rd, 24th 1907. During the Pleistocene period the glacial conditions of frost and ice ploughed up and altered the physical features of the country and a large river ran down this valley, cutting through the present ridge at Ore. Part of this valley has now been made into a public park.
Page 25 P805267 Dewponds formed at the tops of hills near Hastings. Excursion to Hastings, June 22nd, 23rd, 24th 1907.
Page 25 P805268 Dewponds formed at the tops of hills near Hastings. Excursion to Hastings, June 22nd, 23rd, 24th 1907.