Limestones of Scotland — image resources: Difference between revisions

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== Introduction ==
== Introduction ==
This resource combines the text from Chapter 6 of [https://webapps.bgs.ac.uk/Memoirs/docs/B02762.html The limestones of Scotland: chemical analyses and petrography] with links to thin sections in BRITROCKS and images of thin sections and hand specimens in Geoscenic.
This resource combines the text from Chapter 6 of [https://webapps.bgs.ac.uk/Memoirs/docs/B02762.html The limestones of Scotland: chemical analyses and petrography] with links to thin sections in BRITROCKS and images of thin sections and hand specimens in Geoscenic.  


The two volumes of The Limestones of Scotland can be found here:
An additional section listing hand specimens not directly mentioned in the Limestone memoirs is appended.
 
'''The two volumes of The Limestones of Scotland can be found here:'''


[https://webapps.bgs.ac.uk/Memoirs/docs/B02760.html Limestones of Scotland]
[https://webapps.bgs.ac.uk/Memoirs/docs/B02760.html Limestones of Scotland]
Line 8: Line 10:
[https://webapps.bgs.ac.uk/Memoirs/docs/B02762.html The limestones of Scotland: chemical analyses and petrography]
[https://webapps.bgs.ac.uk/Memoirs/docs/B02762.html The limestones of Scotland: chemical analyses and petrography]


An additional section listing hand specimens not directly mentioned in the Limestone memoirs is appended.
The two limestone Special reports were based on the earlier 'Wartime pamphlets' which can be read here:


[https://pubs.bgs.ac.uk/publications.html?pubID=B00763 Limestones of Scotland, area 1: Southern Scotland] (with analyses by A Muir and HGM Hardie)
[https://pubs.bgs.ac.uk/publications.html?pubID=B00763 Limestones of Scotland, area 1: Southern Scotland] (with analyses by A Muir and HGM Hardie)
Line 22: Line 24:
[https://pubs.bgs.ac.uk/publications.html?pubID=B00769 Limestones of Scotland, area 5: Central Grampians] (with analyses by HGM Hardie) (2nd edition)
[https://pubs.bgs.ac.uk/publications.html?pubID=B00769 Limestones of Scotland, area 5: Central Grampians] (with analyses by HGM Hardie) (2nd edition)


Limestones of Scotland, area 6: Banffshire and the north-east Grampians (with analyses by A Muir)
[https://pubs.bgs.ac.uk/publications.html?pubID=B00770 Limestones of Scotland, area 6: Banffshire and the north-east Grampians] (with analyses by A Muir)


Limestones of Scotland, area 6: Banffshire and the north-east Grampians (with analyses by A Muir) (2nd edition)
[https://pubs.bgs.ac.uk/publications.html?pubID=B00771 Limestones of Scotland, area 6: Banffshire and the north-east Grampians] (with analyses by A Muir) (2nd edition)


Limestones of Scotland, area 7: Northern and north-western Scotland (with analyses by A Muir and HGM Hardie)
[https://pubs.bgs.ac.uk/publications.html?pubID=B00772 Limestones of Scotland, area 7: Northern and north-western Scotland] (with analyses by A Muir and HGM Hardie)


Limestones of Scotland, area 8: Orkney and Shetland (with analyses by HGM Hardie)
[https://pubs.bgs.ac.uk/publications.html?pubID=B00773 Limestones of Scotland, area 8: Orkney and Shetland] (with analyses by HGM Hardie)


== Lewisian ==
== Lewisian ==

Revision as of 13:47, 7 August 2021

Introduction

This resource combines the text from Chapter 6 of The limestones of Scotland: chemical analyses and petrography with links to thin sections in BRITROCKS and images of thin sections and hand specimens in Geoscenic.

An additional section listing hand specimens not directly mentioned in the Limestone memoirs is appended.

The two volumes of The Limestones of Scotland can be found here:

Limestones of Scotland

The limestones of Scotland: chemical analyses and petrography

The two limestone Special reports were based on the earlier 'Wartime pamphlets' which can be read here:

Limestones of Scotland, area 1: Southern Scotland (with analyses by A Muir and HGM Hardie)

Limestones of Scotland, area 2: West-central Scotland (with contributions by M Macgregor, T Robertson and analyses by A Muir and HGM Hardie)

Limestones of Scotland, area 3: East-central Scotland (with analyses by A Muir and HGM Hardie)

Limestones of Scotland, area 4: South-west Highlands and Islands

Limestones of Scotland, area 5: Central Grampians (with analyses by HGM Hardie)

Limestones of Scotland, area 5: Central Grampians (with analyses by HGM Hardie) (2nd edition)

Limestones of Scotland, area 6: Banffshire and the north-east Grampians (with analyses by A Muir)

Limestones of Scotland, area 6: Banffshire and the north-east Grampians (with analyses by A Muir) (2nd edition)

Limestones of Scotland, area 7: Northern and north-western Scotland (with analyses by A Muir and HGM Hardie)

Limestones of Scotland, area 8: Orkney and Shetland (with analyses by HGM Hardie)

Lewisian

Argyll

GS1 (p. 17) Coccolite marble. Quarry 92 yd E. 31° S. of Balephetrish, Tiree. 1" sheet 42; 6" Argyll. 64 N.E. (Anal. C.O. Harvey).

An elongated mass of marble, 200 ft by 50 ft, enclosed on three sides by black hornblende-augite-gneiss; fourth side passes under drift.

(S31697). Pink marble speckled with green clots. The section shows an aggregation of very fine-grained calcite in which numerous lens-shaped relics of larger grains are arranged parallel in shear-schistosity. Rounded crystals of pale green pyroxene, micacized scapolite, a negative alkali-feldspar and large grains of calcite form xenolith-like aggregates. Sphene, apatite and limonitic aggregate are accessory constituents which occur both as isolated grains in the calcite matrix and in associ­ation with the pyroxene clusters.

Limestone with calcsilicates, micrograined, pseudoporphyroblastic, grano-schistose, sheared.

Britrocks: S31697

Geoscenic: P552546 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552547 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552548 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552549 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Inverness

SL 106 (p. 17) Marble. Old Quarry 250 yd S.W. of W. end of Loch an Sgor Ghaothair, Glen Urquhart. 1" sheet 73; 6" Inverness. 29 N.W. (Lst. Scotland, 1949, p. 116.)

(S34585). Coarse crystalline marble with numerous phlogopite, calc-silicate and ore grains. Composed of interlocking large grains of calcite within and between which are scattered grains of quartz, prisms of tremolite and flakes of phlogopite. Quartz is more abundant in some bands and is then accompanied by large grains of zoisite, containing vermicular inclusions of quartz, and by muscovite. Sphene, oligoclase, apatite, rutile and pyrite are accessory. Sphene grains in phlogopite have pleochroic haloes.

Limestone with phlogopite and calcsilicates, coarse-grained, granoblastic, foliated.

Britrocks: S34585

Geoscenic: P552763 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552762 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527968 Thin section

Ross and Cromarty

SL 258 (p. 17) Limestone. Old Quarry, E. bank of Allt Folais, 620 yd N. of Letterewe House. 1" sheet 92; 6" Ross. 58 N.W. (Lst. Scot, 1949, p. 166).

(S35262). Massive, white, fine-grained limestone. The slide shows a limestone which has been sheared so that eye-shaped fragments about 0.3 mm in size and irregularly lenticular areas of medium-grained car­bonate are set in a parallel arrangement in a finely granular matrix of about 0.02 mm grain. Colourless phlogopite is accessory and lies in the direction of lenticularity of the calcite. The carbonate is partly calcite and partly aragonite, the admixture being patchy and without regular pattern, but the eye-shaped fragments are all of calcite.

Limestone with aragonite, varigrained, sheared.

(S35263). A pale cream-coloured limestone containing numerous small cavities; effervesces freely with cold dilute HCl. Composed of mixed finely and coarsely granular carbonate which, on test by refractive index methods, is essentially calcite; no aragonite but some dolomite is present.

The finer grained material is turbid and of grain-size about 0.02 mm. Phlogopite occurs as irregular flakes in the turbid carbonate and a small amount of quartz is present.

Dolomitic limestone, fine-grained, mesh-recrystallized, holey.

Britrocks: S35262

Geoscenic: P528024 Thin section

SL 259 (p. 17) Limestone and dolomite. Old quarry, W. bank of Allt Folais, 690 yd N. of Letterewe House. 1" Sheet 92; 6" Ross. 58 N.W. (Lst.Scot., 1949, p. 166).

(S35264). Thinly and irregularly flaggy limestone with a reticulation of thin veins of calcite. The slide shows a rock in which angular grains of calcite about 0.05 to 0.3 mm across are scattered like grains of grit in a very fine matrix of carbonate of grain-size 0.01 mm. This is cut by thin veins containing calcite, quartz and barytes. The latter two minerals occur also in small aggregates throughout the rock. Phlogopite is present in flakes up to 0.5 mm long. The residue from solution in 1:3 HCl, cold, shows barytes, quartz, phlogopite and dolomite in that order of abundance. A sericitic clay aggregate is also present. Some curious small spheroidal growths of calcite in the rock seem to be of the same age as the formation of phlogopite.

Limestone with quartz, barytes, phlogopite and dolomite, fine-grained, pseudo gritty mortar-structure, sheared.

(S35265). Whitish micro-nodular dolomite, with phlogopite coating divisional planes; effervesces slightly in cold dilute HCl. The rock is a crushed dolomite with a gritty appearance in thin section owing to the distribution of larger irregular grains of carbonate (up to 1.0 mm across) in a matrix which is of variable but very fine grain. Phlogopite, musco­vite and tremolite are abundantly present and the latter occurs as in­complete prisms or relict shreds in fibrous carbonate. Tourmaline (elbaite) is an abundant accessory, forming stout, fractured prisms up to 0.2 mm long. Colourless in thin sections, it shows: O, faint green, E faint pink in separated grains; ɷ =1.639. Tests in crush show dolomite as the main constituent, but calcite is abundant.

Calcareous dolomite with micas and tremolite; fine-grained, pseudo-gritty mortar-structure, crushed.

Britrocks: S35264

Limestone-and dolomite. Old quarry, west bank of Allt Folais, 690 yards north of Letterewe House. Ross & Cromarty. Thinly and irregularly flaggy limestone with a reticulation of thin veins of calcite. The slide shows a rock in which angular grains of calcite about 0.05 to 0.3 mm across are scattered like grains of grit in a very fine matrix of carbonate of grain size 0.01 mm. This is cut by thin veins containing calcite, quartz and barytes. The latter two minerals occur also in small aggregates throughout the rock. Phlogopite is present in flakes up to 0.5 mm long. The residue from solution in 1 : 3 HCl, cold, shows barytes, quartz, phlogopite and dolomite in that order of abundance. A sericitic clay aggregate is also present, Some curious small spheroidal growths of calcite in the rock seem to be of the same age as the formation of phlogopite. Limestone with quartz, barytes, phlogopite and dolomite, fine-grained, pseudo-gritty mortar-structure, sheared. S 35265, Whitish micro-nodular dolomite, with phlogopite coating divisional planes; effervesces slightly in cold dilute HCl. The rock is a crushed dolomite with a gritty appearance in thin section owing to the distribution of larger irregular grains of carbonate (up to 1.0 mm across) in a matrix which is of variable but very fine grain. Phlogopite, muscovite and tremolite are abundantly present and the latter occurs as incomplete prisms or relict shreds in fibrous carbonate. Tourmaline (elbaite) is an abundant accessory, forming stout, fractured prisms up to 0.2 mm long. Colourless in thin sections, it shows: O, faint green, E faint pink in separated grains; omega = 1.639. Tests in crush show dolomite as the main constituent, but calcite is abundant. Calcareous dolomite with micas and tremolite; fine-grained, pseudo-gritty mortar-structure, crushed. SL0259. Britrocks S35265.

Britrocks: S35265

Geoscenic: P552998 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552999 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553000 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553001 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P528025 Thin section

SL 260 (p. 17) Limestone and dolomite. Old quarry, N. bank of Allt Coire nan Dearcaig, 50 yd upstream from junction with Allt Airidh a' Char. 1" Sheet 91; 6" Ross. 45 S.E.

(S35266). A pale violet limestone with films of yellow-green phlogopite. Composed of irregular fragments of calcite in a matrix of turbid, very finely granular calcite. Contorted phlogopite, chlorite and spongy tremolite, partly replaced by the carbonate matrix, are abundant. The matrix invades the fragmental calcite along 'corrosion' embayments and cracks. The rock has clearly been crushed and there are some short lengths of shear lines. After shearing there seems to have been brecciation and more uniform pressure under which the fine matrix formed a plastic medium which showed no shear effects. The mean refractive index of the tremolite is β =1.620. Apatite and limonite are accessory.

Limestone with mica, chlorite and tremolite, medium-grained, pseudo-gritty mortar-structure, crushed.

(S35267). White dolomite with greenish-yellow films. The rock scarcely effervesces with cold dilute HCl. In thin section it is seen to be composed of fractured carbonate fragments with close and often bent twinning, up to 1 mm across, in a matrix of granular clear carbonate of grain-size 0.02 to 0.1 mm. Plates of phlogopite, usually about 0.4 mm long, are numerous and are often concentrated along undulating laminae. The larger carbonate fragments are sometimes replaced spongily by granular carbonate, the detached pieces remaining in optical continuity. Colourless tourmaline is an accessory and is sometimes enclosed in phlogopite. Quartz and small aggregates of kaolin are accessory. No refractive index of carbonate other than that of dolomite was noted in the powdered rock.

Dolomite with phlogopite, fine-grained, pseudo gritty mortar-structure, foliated.

Britrocks: S35266

Geoscenic: P553002 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553003 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P528026 Thin section

Britrocks: S35267

Geoscenic: P553004 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553005 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 261 (p. 17) Dolomite. Old quarry 430 yd E. 14° S. of Sheildaig Lodge, Gairloch. 1" Sheet 91; 6" Ross. 56 N.W.

(S35268). A white coarsely crystalline dolomite containing scales of pale brown mica. Composed of interlocking grains of carbonate up to 1.5 mm long and usually slightly elongated in the direction of foliation as shown by the mica flakes. These are abundant, colourless, almost uniaxial highly birefringent phlogopite. Quartz is an abundant accessory or subordinate constituent and is arranged in lenticular groups of elon­gated twinned grains in which all the directions of elongation are parallel to the foliation. Colourless tourmaline is an abundant accessory, in stout prisms with rounded terminations, up to 0.5 mm long. The carbonate is locally slightly granulitized. In powder the refractive index of dolomite only was observed.

Dolomite with phlogopite and quartz, medium-grained, foliated.

Britrocks: S35268

Geoscenic: P553006 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553007 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P528027 Thin section

SL 262 (p. 18) Dolomite. Old quarry 260 yd N.W. of outflow from Am Feur Loch. 1" Sheet 91; 6" Ross. 57 N.W.

(S35269). A pinkish massive dolomite. Composed of equidimensional but irregular fragments of carbonate, greatly cleaved and twinned and irregularly invaded by the matrix, which is of granular carbonate of average 0.05 mm grain diameter. The only other constituents are scarce flakes of phlogopite and streaks of oxidized iron ore with which small scarce aggregates of chlorite are associated. Only dolomite was noted by refractive index tests on the powdered rock.

Dolomite, fine-grained, pseudo gritty mortar structure.

Britrocks: S35269

Geoscenic: P553008 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553009 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 263 (p. 18) Limestone. 650 yd N. 18° E. of outflow of Lochan Druim na Fearna. 1" Sheet 91; 6" Ross. 57 S.W.

(S35270). A crystalline calcareous dolomite, foliated and with greenish laminae; traversed by pinkish ferruginous streaks and cracks. Composed of interlocking grains of twinned and cleaved dolomite slightly elongated in the direction of foliation, with finely granular calcite on the periphery, in irregular spaces within the dolomite grains and in irregular laminae through the rock. Phlogopite, partly chloritized, tremolite and quartz are subordinate minerals and are elongated in the direction of foliation. Colourless tourmaline and apatite are accessory, and a little rutile is present in small aggregates of irregular deep brown grains. Limonitized iron ore is intergrown locally with mica. The refractive index of dolomite only was seen in the crush and all the fragments tested were uniaxial.

Calcareous dolomite with phlogopite, quartz and tremolite, medium-grained, foliated and strained.

Britrocks: S35270(a)

Geoscenic: P553010 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553011 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553012 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553013 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P528028 Thin section

Moine

Inverness

SL 107 (p. 18). Limestone. Rebeg Quarry. 1" Sheet 83; 6" Inverness. 11 S.W.

(S34586). Coarse, flaggy banded white and grey crystalline limestone. Large grains of twinned calcite are closely interlocked and tend to be elongated parallel to the foliation. Small quartz grains and muscovite flakes are scattered sparsely through the calcite. In bands there is a considerable concentration of tremolite, patched by crocidolite, and phlogopite which are orientated with their long axes parallel to the plane of foliation. Grains of oxidized iron ore and trains of limonitic material occur; there are many small grains of yellow pyrite, and acute lozenges of sphene are accessory.

Limestone with phlogopite and tremolite, coarse-grained, foliated, grano-schistose.

Britrocks: S34586

Geoscenic: P552764 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552765 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527969 Thin section

Sutherland

SL 169 (p 18). Limestone. Shinness Quarry, the Airde, near Lairg. 1" Sheet 102; 6" Sutherland 85 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 192).

(S34852). A coarse, grey-white crystalline limestone mottled with greenish calcsilicates. In thin section anhedral grains of calcite up to 5.0 mm in width are seen to interlock with one another and with diopside which forms thick prisms imperfectly developea and up to 6 mm in length. Tremolite is often present as small blades in the diopside and locally forms large prisms with replacing relations to the associated diopside.

Limestone with diopside and tremolite, coarse-grained, porphyroblastic.

(S34853). White crystalline limestone. Composed of a mosaic of inter­locking grains of calcite up to 6.0 mm across. Tremolite and phlogopite are present in only accessory proportions and rarely reach more than 1.0 mm in length. They lie along the interfaces of calcite grains and are only rarely enclosed in calcite. Apatite and sphene are accessory. Limestone with phlogopite, coarse-grained, foliated.

Britrocks: S34852

Geoscenic: P552856 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552857 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527992 Thin section

Shetland metamorphic

Shetland

SL 184 (p. 18). Limestone. S. side of Bay of Fladdabister. 1" Sheet 126; 6" Shetland 59 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 173).

(S34947). A grey crystalline limestone with thin dark seams. Composed essentially of anhedral grains of calcite showing close glide twinning. The grains, which are about 1.0 mm long, interlock, or are cemented by finely granular calcite which is due to trituration by shearing; similar fine calcite cuts through the larger calcite grains and also forms thin parallel seams. Quartz in grains 04–0.2 mm across, and small flakes of muscovite are abundant accessories. A little finely divided opaque mineral is present, the larger grains being recognizable as oxidized iron-ore, probably pyrite. Apatite and tourmaline are accessory.

Limestone with some quartz and muscovite, medium-grained, sheared, granoschistose.

Britrocks: S34947

Geoscenic: P552899 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552898 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P528002 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527848 Hand specimen

Geoscenic: P527846 Hand specimen

SL 185 Tingwall Limestone. mile N. of Scalloway. 1" Sheet 126; 6" Shetland (p. 18) 56 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 173).

(S34948). A grey crystalline limestone with occasional micaceous films. Consists essentially of intricately sutured grains of calcite, about 0.5 mm across, together with about 25 per cent of quartz in grains which are usually distributed singly among the calcite but also form small aggregates with or without associated muscovite. Muscovite occurs also in irregular or streaky aggregates, with some, of which red biotite and alkali-feldspar are associated. A little dolomite is present in rhombs about 2 mm across. Pyrite, rutile and opaque mineral dust are common accessories; tourma­line is scarce.

Limestone, dolomitic, with quartz, muscovite, biotite and pyrite, medium-grained, foliated, heteroblastic.

Geoscenic: P552900 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552901 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P528003 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527843 Hand specimen

SL 186 (p. 19) Tingwall Limestone. Quarry, E. side of road 1 mile N.N.E. of Scalloway. 1" Sheet 126; 6" Shetland 52 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 173).

(S34949)–(S34950). A grey crystalline limestone: (S34949) shows a lamination in shades of grey and (S34950) is thinly flaggy. The rock is composed of anhedral interlocking grains of twinned calcite, with thin laminae of muscovite, or muscovite-graphite-schist. These laminae have been cut into schlieren by the flowage of calcite and show internal schistosity differing in direction from the parallel arrangement of the schlieren. Quartz is sparsely distributed among the calcite and graphite is dis­seminated on the grain surfaces in the calcite bands. Pyrite is accessory; apatite scarce.

(S34949) Limestone with quartz and graphite-schist, medium-grained, foliated, heteroblastic.

(S34950) Limestone with graphite, quartz and pyrite, fine-grained, sheared.

Britrocks: S34949

Geoscenic: P552903 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552902 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Britrocks: S34950

Geoscenic: P552905 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552904 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P528004 Thin section

SL 187 (p. 19) Tingwall Limestone. Girlsta Quarry, near shore of Wadbister Voe. 1" Sheet 128; 6" Shetland 48 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, pp. 173–4).

(S34951). A pale grey, fine-grained crystalline limestone. The rock is composed of interlocking grains of calcite 0.5 mm across, which show glide twinning and a little peripheral granulation. Quartz is abundant, about 5–10 per cent by volume, in small grains, and occurs also as larger grains in quartz-clinochlore aggregates. Muscovite is in places a sub­ordinate mineral and elsewhere is only accessory. Pyrite is accessory.

Limestone with quartz, chlorite and muscovite, medium-grained, grano-blastic, foliated.

Britrocks: S34951

Geoscenic: P552907 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552906 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P528005 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527845 Hand specimen

SL 188 Whiteness Limestone. W. of Whiteness Quarry, W. side of Loch of Strom. (p. 19) 1" Sheet 128; 6" Shetland 48 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 173).

(S34952). Coarse crystalline limestone. Composed of interlocking grains of calcite, 0.2 to fully 1 mm across, with subordinate quartz which tends to occur in more or less parallel, widely spaced streaks and clots of grains individually 0.2–0.5 mm across. A little pyrite, rutile and opaque mineral dust are present and muscovite is in places an abundant accessory.

Limestone with quartz, medium-grained, granoblastic.

Britrocks: S34952

Geoscenic: P552909 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552908 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 189 (p. 19) Weisdale Limestone. Quarry on W. side of road half a mile S. of Flemington. 1" Sheet 128; 6" Shetland 43 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 174).

(S34953). A massive, pale grey, siliceous fine-grained, crystalline lime­stone. Composed of equidimensional grains of calcite, 0.5 mm across, with quartz occurring in interstitial aggregates of small grains, 0–1-0.2 mm across, and forming about 30 per cent by volume of the rock. Pyrite and muscovite are abundant. Zircon, rutile, tourmaline and apatite are accessory.

Limestone with quartz, muscovite and pyrite, medium-grained, hetero-blastic.

Britrocks: S34953

Geoscenic: P552910 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552911 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 190 (p. 19) Weisdale Limestone. Sursetter, 1 ½ miles N. of Voe. 1" Sheet 128; 6" Shetland 37 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 174).

(S34954). A moderately coarse-grained, white, crystalline limestone. It is composed of coarsely sutured grains of calcite, about 1 mm long, which tend to be elongated in a direction of rather poor schistosity defined by a general parallel orientation of muscovite. The latter is a subordinate essential constituent forming flakes approaching, and rarely exceeding, 1 mm in length. A minor quantity of oligoclase and quartz is present, generally in association with muscovite. Prismatic zoisite, tremolite and a fibrous aggregate which develops into micaceous flakes, are minor essential constituents. Zoisite and muscovite form symplectitic intergrowths with quartz. Colourless tourmaline in small hexagonal prisms, leucoxene, pyrite and pyrrhotite are abundant; apatite, sphene and zircon are scarce accessories.

Limestone with zoisite and muscovite, medium-grained, granoschistose, porphyroblastic, foliated.

Britrocks: S34954(e)

Geoscenic: P552912 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552913 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552914 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552915 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552916 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552917 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552918 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552919 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P528006 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527842 Hand specimen

Geoscenic: P527844 Hand specimen

SL 191 (p. 19) Limestone. 300 yd S. of Loch of Burraland, Sullom, 4 miles N. of Brae, North Maven. 1" Sheet 130; 6" Shetland 24 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 175).

(S34955). A grey, fractured, crystalline limestone. Composed of strained calcite in grains 0.5–1.5 mm across, traversed by narrow shear zones in which calcite is triturated, and along which muscovite and chlorite are abundant. Yellow tourmaline occurs along thin shear-zones in good prisms, which have been fractured by later movement. Oxidized pyrite occurs mainly in or near shear-lines.

Limestone with muscovite-chlorite-schist folia, coarse to medium-grained, granoblastic, foliated.

Dalradian

Ballachulish Limestone

Inverness

SL 85 (p. 20) Ballachulish Limestone. Old Quarry, Creag Aoil, Torlundy. 1" Sheet 62; 6" Inverness. 140 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 113).

(S34480). Recrystallized limestone composed of interlocking grains (0.4 — 3mm) of closely twinned calcite, abundant accessory quartz forming small (0.1mm) grains enclosed in calcite, and accessory biotite and muscovite.

Limestone with some quartz, coarse-grained, granoblastic, slightly sheared.

SL 229 (p. 20) Ballachulish Limestone. Quarry, 300 yd N.N.W. of Tom an Aoil, Spean Bridge. 1" Sheet 62; 6" Inverness. 141 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 113).

(S35178). A grey, crystalline limestone. Composed of a mosaic of equidimensional grains of closely twinned calcite, 0.4–1.0 mm across, between which small idioblastic quartz grains, about 0.1 mm across, are scattered. The quartz grains occasionally appear within the calcite grains. Mineral dust and granules of pyrite, rutile and possibly graphite granules are peppered sparsely and uniformly through the rock.

Limestone with some quartz, medium-grained, granoblastic.

Britrocks: S34955

Geoscenic: P552920 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552921 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P528007 Thin section

SL 230 (p. 20) Ballachulish Limestone. S. bank of R. Spean, 350 yd above railway bridge, Spean Bridge. 1" Sheet 62; 6" Inverness. 141 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 113).

(S35179). Grey crystalline limestone. Composed of granular calcite of average grain 0.7 mm, which is greatly twinned. Small quartz and feld­spar grains, up to 0.1 mm across and of irregular but occasionally idio-blastic form, are scattered in small quantity between and within the calcite grains. Tiny opaque granules including pyrite are dusted irregularly through the calcite mosaic.

Limestone with some quartz, medium-grained, granoblastic.

Britrocks: S35179

Geoscenic: P552974 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552975 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Appin Limestone

Argyll

SL 86 (p. 20) Appin Limestone. Marble quarry, Gleann an Fhiodh, Ballachulish. 1" Sheet 53; 6" Argyll. 30 S.E.

(S34481). Fine-grained quartz-albite-granulite, with abundant calcite, accessory dolomite, rutile, apatite and muscovite. The portion from which the rock section has been made is much poorer in lime than is shown by chemical analysis from the bulk of the rock.

Calcareous quartz-albite-granulite.

Britrocks: S34481

Geoscenic: P552552 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552553 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 87 (p. 20) Appin Limestone. Crag S. of road bend, E. of Duror station. 1" Sheet 53; 6" Argyll. 43 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1941, p. 56).

(S34482). Granular dolomite of fine grain, 0.05 to 0.1 mm, containing subordinate quartz and albite-oligoclase, which are abundant in streaks, and accessory muscovite and pyrite.

Dolomite with quartz, feldspar and muscovite, varigrained, foliated and grain-foliated.

Britrocks: S34482

Geoscenic: P552554 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552555 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Inverness

SL 35 (p. 20) Appin Limestone. Onich Limestone Quarry, North Ballachulish. 1" Sheet 53; 6" Inverness. 166 N.W.

Sample of crushed lime.

Geoscenic: P527808 Hand specimen

Lismore Limestone

Argyll

SL 88 (p. 21) Lismore Limestone. Quarry just N. of Port Ramsay. 1" Sheet 45; 6" Argyll. 56 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 56).

(S34483). A dark grey, rudely flaggy limestone with a set of rectangular narrow calcite veins normal to the flag. Composed essentially of elong­ated grains of calcite darkened with dust, possibly graphitic, and con­taining subordinate alkali-feldspar and quartz. The calcite is of varying grain-size reaching 0.5 mm in length and is elongated parallel to the flagginess. A subordinate proportion of the calcite shows biaxiality. Apatite and tourmaline are accessory. Pyrite is common in euhedral crystals reaching 2 mm across.

Limestone, fine-grained, granoschistose.

Britrocks: S34483

Geoscenic: P552556 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552557 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552558 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552559 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552560 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552561 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527937 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527824 Hand specimen

Islay Limestone

Argyll

SL 129 (p. 21) Islay Limestone. Leorin Quarry, 2⅛ miles N. by W. of Port Ellen, Islay. 1" Sheet 19; 6" Argyll. 231 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 57).

(S34577). Grey fine-grained limestone, laminated and cut by lines of calcite. Composed of schistose granular calcite, 0.05 mm grain, the schistosity being marked by elongation of the calcite grains, by trains of opaque dark mineral matter and by occasional elongated grains of quartz. Laminae of coarser granular calcite, 0.3 mm grain, appear parallel to the schistosity and show ellipsoidal swellings which occasionally contain large turbid grains of calcite with undulose extinction. These coarser laminae pass without change of the type of calcite into cross-cutting veins. Granular quartz occurs in the coarser laminae and idiomorplaic quartz in the veins. It seems likely that the coarse laminae were recrystallized at the time of the cross-cutting veins by permeation of the solutions along lines of weakness, perhaps produced by the presence of relict augen of coarser calcite.

Limestone, fine-grained, granoschistose, grain-foliated.

Britrocks: S34577

Geoscenic: P552748 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552749 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527963 Thin section

SL 130 (p. 21) Islay Limestone. Lower Cragabus Quarry, 2¼ miles W. of Port Ellen, Islay. 1" Sheet 19; 6" Argyll. 231 S.E. (Lst Scot., 1949, p. 57; where the reference number is misprinted as SL 100).

(S34578). Fine-grained, grey crystalline limestone. Composed of granular calcite of irregular shape and size ranging from 0.01 to 0.4 mm and often with diffuse boundaries between neighbouring grains. Bedding is roughly marked by slightly greater and less concentration of opaque, black finely divided material which is mainly soluble in strong HCl and therefore must be largely iron oxides or sulphides. The insoluble residue consists mainly of quartz with an impregnation of black dust.

Limestone, fine-grained, grain-foliated.

Britrocks: S34578

Geoscenic: P552750 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552751 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527964 Thin section

SL 131 (p. 21) Islay Limestone. Islay Estates Quarry, Bridgend, Islay. 1" Sheet 27; 6" Argyll. 208 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 57).

(S34579). Pale grey, compact crystalline limestone, cut by thin calcite veins. Composed of elongated grains of calcite 0.2 to 0.6 mm, with marked parallel orientation. Thin veins of coarser calcite cut across the schistosity. The vein calcite is intercrystallized with the rock calcite. A little opaque material, mainly pyrite, and some quartz are dusted through the rock.

Limestone, fine-grained, granoschistose.

Britrocks: S34579

Geoscenic: P552752 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552753 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 132 (p. 21) Islay Limestone. In angle of main road and Persabus road, ¾ mile W.S.W. of Port Askaig. 1" Sheet 27; 6" Argyll. 198 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 57).

(S34580). Grey compact and crystalline banded limestone which seems to have a poor cleavage at a low angle to the banding. Numerous patches and wisps, often contorted but with a general parallel orientation, of dark, very fine-grained limestone in a recrystallized granular base of calcite, illustrate palimpsest structure. The grain of the base is about 0.03–04 mm and small crystals of albite, about 0.1 mm across, are scattered through it. Small crystals and grains of pyrite appear in both the dark patches and the base.

Limestone, fine-grained foliated, palimpsest.

Britrocks: S34580

Geoscenic: P552755 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552754 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527965 Thin section

Tayvallich Limestones

Argyll

SL 123 (p. 21) Tayvallich Limestone. Roadside quarry, 1 mile N. of Kilchrenan. 1" Sheet 45; 6" Argyll. 112 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 55).

(S34571). Grey limestone, laminated lighter and darker grey. Composed of calcite, subordinate quartz and micaceous carbonaceous films. The quartz is mostly in large composite grains, or aggregates of smaller grains, associated with granular calcite of about 1.0 mm grain-size. The quartz and this type of calcite, which is brownish and highly cleaved, form ellipsoidal nodules, or less regular lenticular aggregates round which sweep laminae composed of more fine-grained calcite, about 0.1 mm grain size, and streaked with carbonaceous matter. Small grains of quartz occur also in this matrix.

Limestone with quartz, coarse to fine-grained, granoschistose and grain-foliated.

Britrocks: S34571

Geoscenic: P552736 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552737 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527955 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527811 Hand specimen

SL 125 (p. 22) Tayvallich Limestone. Quarry 270 yd S.E. of Baluachraig, 1¼ miles S. by W. of Kilmartin. 1" Sheet 36; 6" Argyll. 149 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 55).

(S34573). Dark grey, moderately crystalline limestone, containing numerous pebbles of vitreous quartz, pink feldspar and dark red material. In section, irregular areas of brownish oolite are seen to pass into a mosaic of clearer recrystallized calcite. Grains and aggregates of quartz and rounded crystals of microcline reaching 3.0 mm in length are numerous. The dark red pebbles appear to be microcline with much haematitic impregnation. The quartz probably originated as pebble grains, but shows considerable recrystallization. This can be observed as rims of regrowth, the old outline being marked by a zone of fine mineral matter, by intercrystallization of the grains among the new calcite and by partial inclusion of broken ooliths in quartz. The feldspars appear to have been pebbles in the oolitic limestone but are now bordered by a thin zone of recrystallized calcite where contact with oolitic rock would be expected. It may be invaded by calcite tongues and permeation aggre­gates of limonite and calcite. A little muscovite and albite, probably detrital, are present. Carbonaceous granules are disseminated in parts of the oolitic rock, trains of them being cut off against recrystallized calcite. Carbonaceous matter also occurs in streaks along small and irregular slip traces.

Limestone with pebbly quartz and microcline, blastopsephitic, blasto-oolitic.

Britrocks: S34573

Geoscenic: P552740 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552741 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527956 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527960 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527809 Hand specimen

SL 126 (p. 22) Tayvallich Limestone. Fincharn Quarry, at S. end of Loch Awe. 1" Sheet 37; 6" Argyll. 139 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 55).

(S34574). Dark grey sparkling limestone, of medium grain, containing small aggregates of white calcite. Composed of granular dusty calcite, 0.4 mm grain, partially recrystallized to clear calcite, forming lenticular aggregates in a finer-grained rock, of mixed dusty and clear calcite grains 0.1 mm, showing foliation which curves round the lenticles. The foli­ation is shown by elongation of grains and by alternation of coarser and finer laminae with streaks of carbonaceous matter. Quartz occurs as an essential but subordinate constituent, as large grains partly recrystallized along with calcite, sometimes showing regrowth rims, partly as lenticular aggregates of smaller grains, and to a subordinate extent interstitial in the coarser dusty limestone.

Limestone with some quartz, grain foliated and granoschistose.

Britrocks: S34574

Geoscenic: P552742 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552743 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527959 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527957 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527958 Thin section

SL 127 (p. 22) Tayvallich Limestone. Quarry E. of Eurach, near Ford. 1" Sheet 37; 6" Argyll. 138 S.E.

(S34575). Dark grey, fine-grained crystalline limestone. The section shows irregular, diffuse relics of very fine-grained black-powdered limestone, in a recrystallized base of granular brownish calcite, among which small grains and aggregates of quartz are scattered. The form of the quartz indicates recrystallization. Black dust, graphitic or carbon­aceous, and granules are distributed through the recrystallized calcite. One recrystallized oolith was observed and in one place the rock is oophasmic.

Limestone with some quartz, varigrained, partly granoblastic, oophasmic.

Britrocks: S34575

Geoscenic: P552744 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552745 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527961 Thin section

SL 133 (p. 22) Tayvallich Limestone. Cairnban Locks, Crinan Canal. 1" Sheet 36;6" Argyll. 160 N.E.

(S34581). Moderately coarse, pale grey, crystalline, gritty limestone, abundantly speckled with dark vitreous quartz grains. Composed of granular calcite forming a schistose matrix to numerous quartz and feldspar pebbles. Schistosity is marked by elongation of many calcite grains (up to 0.5 mm in length) and by streaks of dark matter, possibly carbonaceous. The pebbles include quartz, strained quartzite or com­posite quartz-blebs from granite, microcline, albite, perthite, and micro-pegmatite from granophyre. The quartz shows marginal granulitization and the margins, where not granulitized, are intercrystallized with the calcite. Much granulitic quartz among the calcite is evidently a crystal­lization of the same period as the latter. An albite pebble shows mar­ginal regrowth. A little white mica is associated with feldspar.

Limestone with quartz and feldspar, blastopsephitic, granoblastic to granoschistose.

Britrocks: S34581

Geoscenic: P552757 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552756 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527966 Thin section

Shira Limestone

Argyll

SL 124 (p. 22) Shira Limestone. Turnalt Quarry. 1" Sheet 36; 6" Argyll. 130 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 55).

(S34572). Dull grey, compact, but irregularly jointed limestone. Composed of granular calcite (0.05–0.14mm grain-size) and subordinate quartz and water-clear alkali-feldspar (0.1 mm grain). The grains have a tendency to be elongated parallel to a plane not recognizable in hand specimen. All minerals are recrystallized, but not to a high degree. Calcite-filled cracks cut steeply across the direction of elongation. Some thin streaks of turbid amorphous materials are present.

Limestone with quartz and feldspar, fine-grained, granoschistose.

Britrocks: S34572

Geoscenic: P552738 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552739 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527822 Hand specimen

Loch Tay Limestone

Argyll

SL 128 (p. 22) Loch Tay Limestone. Askomill Quarry, ½ mile E.N.E. of Campbeltown. 1" Sheet 12; 6" Argyll. 258 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 54).

(S34576). Banded coarse- and fine-grained limestone. The coarse bands which show curved cleavage surfaces of blackish clacite are in thin section composed of large irregular grains of calcite with patchy and undulose extinction. The finer-grained bands are composed of grains of calcite of irregular size and shape, very numerous clear and dust-impregnated grains of albite, 0.1 mm, and abundant opaque granular material sometimes recognizable as pyrite. Quartz and potash-feldspar are also present. Scattered grains of feldspar and opaque granules occur also in the coarse-grained bands. The black residue from digestion in concentrated HCl is mainly dust-impregnated albite and shapeless black grains, many of which are pyrite. On prolonged roasting in a crucible the residue becomes pale grey and the discharge of colour indicates that much carbon is present.

Limestone with albite, foliated and grain-foliated, heteroblastic.

Britrocks: S34576

Geoscenic: P552747 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552746 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527962 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527810 Hand specimen

SL 134 (p. 23) Loch Tay Limestone. 400 yd S.W. of Glensluan Cottage, 1 mile S. of Strachur. 1" Sheet 37; 6" Argyll. 141 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 54).

(S34582). Grey crystalline sparkling limestone. Composed of elongated twinned and cleaved grains of calcite 1.0 mm and over in length, of lens shape and arranged with the long axes in one plane. Small grains and aggregates of quartz, 0.5 mm across, and flakes of muscovite, sometimes with bent detrital appearance, are numerous and plagioclase feldspar grains are scarce. Opaque grains and granules of pyrite and probably carbon are numerous.

Limestone with quartz and muscovite, medium-grained, granoschistose.

Britrocks: S34582

Geoscenic: P552759 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552758 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527967 Thin section

SL 147 (p. 23) Loch Tay Limestone. Quarry 1300 yd E. by S. of Ronachan House, West Loch Tarbert. 1" Sheet 20; 6" Argyll. 224 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 54).

(S34649). Sparkling grey medium-grained limestone. Composed of granular calcite of varying grain up to 2 mm, with scattered small quartz and albite grains and muscovite flakes. Some less limy bands are corn-posed of granulitic quartz and albite and irregularly prismatic crystals of clinozoisite cemented by granular calcite. The clinozoisite is charged with black powder (possibly carbon) and encloses also grains of pyrite. Pyrite occurs in large irregular grains, particularly in the quartz-feldspar bands of the rock, but is also present in small grains in the pure car­bonate.

Limestone with quartz, albite, muscovite and clinozoisite, heteroblastic, foliated.

Britrocks: S34649

Geoscenic: P552810 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552811 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527978 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527832 Hand specimen

GS2 (p. 23) Loch Tay Limestone. 750 yd N. of Glendaruel House. 1" Sheet 29; 6" Argyll. 162 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 54). (Anal. G. A. Sergeant).

(S35996). Marmorized limestone with white mica, quartz and albite. Composed of elongated crystals of calcite, granulitized and arranged with their long axes parallel, and showing composite lamellar twinning; grain-size varying from 0.5–1.0 mm. The white mica occurs in"flakes up to 0.4 mm long, either distributed among the calcite or concentrated into streaks and bands. Quartz and albite reaching 0.5 mm in size but generally about 0.2 mm across, are abundant. Graphite is associated with muscovite and albite. Iron ore occurs fairly plentifully in aggregates or fine disseminations as pyrite, or oxidized to limonite or leucoxene.

Limestone with quartz, albite and muscovite, granoschistose, foliated.

Britrocks: S35996

Geoscenic: P553123 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553122 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Perth

SL 1 (p. 23) Loch Tay Limestone. Old quarry 550 yd W. of Dalveich Farm, Loch Earn. 1" Sheet 46; 6" Perth. 92 N.W. (Lst. Scot.,1949, pp. 155–6).

(S34426). Dark grey, saccharoidal, crystalne limestone with broadly spaced micaceous laminae. Composed of twinned calcite grains up to 1.5 mm long, subordinate quartz, accessory graphite, iron ore (probably pyrite), colourless and pale brown micas and occasional large plates and small particle-filled grains of albite-oligoclase. Trains of graphite and elongation of calcite grains show some degree of schistosity.

Limestone with quartz, albite and micas, heteroblastic, granoschistose.

(S34427). Dark grey and white mottled schistose limestone with mica­ceous partings producing a thinly flaggy fracture. Composed of elon­gated grains of calcite, up to 3 mm long, sieved with quartz, albite and opaque granules, foliated with granoblastic, clean calcite of about 0.5 mm grain. Quartz and albite are abundant along laminae of white mica. Some pyrite is present, and possibly graphite also.

Limestone with quartz, albite and muscovite, granoschistose, heteroblastic, grain-foliated.

Britrocks: S34426

Geoscenic: P552415 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552416 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527924 Thin section

SL 2 (p. 23) Loch Tay Limestone. Old quarry above Craignavie, ¾ mile W.S.W. of Bridge of Dochart, Killin. 1" Sheet 46; 6" Perth. 80 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 155).

(S34428). Pale grey, saccharoidal limestones composed of moderately coarsely granular twinned calcite, 0.5–1.0 mm grain, abundant quartz, albite, white and brown mica, graphite and iron ore (pyrite).

Limestone with quartz, albite and muscovite, medium-grained, grano-blastic.

Britrocks: S34428

Geoscenic: P552418 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552417 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527816 Hand specimen

SL 3 (p. 23) Loch Tay Limestone. East face, Dunbeag, Killin. 1" Sheet 46; 6" Perth. 80 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 155).

(S34429). Grey crystalline limestone composed of grains of closely twinned calcite, 2 to 0.5 mm grain, subordinate quartz and alkali-feldspars in nests with which graphite is associated. Zoisite is present locally, yellowish mica and a serpentinous mineral are accessory. One large grain, 1 mm across, of alkali-feldspar occurs in the slice and there is some pyrite and a little limonite.

Limestone with quartz, albite, muscovite and zoisite, medium-grained, heteroblastic.

Britrocks: S34429

Geoscenic: P552420 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527925 Thin section

Geoscenic: P552419 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527818 Hand specimen

SL 5 (p. 24) Loch Tay Limestone. Quarry at back of Clunie Cottage, 1 mile W. of Pitlochry. 1" Sheet 55; 6" Perth. 40 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 155)

(S34431). Grey crystalline limestone with micaceous partings; com­posed of equigranular calcite, 1 mm grain, and subordinate quartz, oligoclase and white mica. Accessory pyrite, a prismatic mineral which is probably zoisite, sphene and possibly some graphite are present. Limestone with quartz, oligoclase and muscovite, medium-grained, heteroblastic.

SL 137 (p. 24) Loch Tay Limestone. Quarry, West Craig of Soilzarie, 3 miles E. of Kirkmichael. 1" Sheet 56; 6" Perth. 33 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 154).

(S34623). Pale bluish-grey, crystalline limestone. Composed of inter­locking grains of twinned calcite (0.5–2.0 mm) with a small quantity of iron-stained chloritic material, and grains of quartz and albite scattered sparsely through the rock. Black granules, possibly of iron ore, are disseminated uniformly, but in small quantity.

Limestone, medium to coarse-grained, granoblastic.

Britrocks: S34623

Geoscenic: P552789 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552788 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527974 Thin section

SL 138 (p. 24) Loch Tay Limestone. 1250 yd E. by S. of Dunie, 1 mile S.E. of Kirkmichael. 1" Sheet 56; 6" Perth. 32 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 154)

(S34624). Pale bluish-grey medium-grained limestone, discoloured along some bands by yellowish oxidized iron ore. Composed of interlocking grains of calcite (0.3–1.0 mm) among which a few quartz and albite grains (probably recrystallized) are distributed. Specks of black material are abundantly disseminated and are aggregated in scattered clots along with limonite and yellowish isotropic chloritic material. Flakes of muscovite and grains and prisms of apatite are accessory.

Limestone, medium-grained, granoblastic.

Britrocks: S34624

Geoscenic: P552790 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552791 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527975 Thin section

Blair Atholl Limestone

Perth

SL 4 (p. 24) Blair Atholl Limestone. Quarry north of White Bridge, 3 ½ miles S. by E. of Tummel Bridge. 1" Sheet 55; 6" Perth. 38 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 158).

(S34430). Bluish-grey schistose limestone of fine grain with abundant quartz and mica. Schistosity is marked by the elongation of closely twinned calcite and the attitude of mica flakes, and quartz, alkali-feldspar and white mica are concentrated in lenticles parallel to this direction. The calcite grains reach 3 mm in length by 0.8 mm width. The feldspar is turbid and is probably albite. Some pyrite, a little sphene and apatite and possibly graphite are also present.

Limestone with quartz, alkali feldspar and muscovite, coarse-grained, granoschistose, foliated.

Britrocks: S34430(a)

Geoscenic: P552421 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552422 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552423 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552424 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552425 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552426 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527926 Thin section

SL 11 (p. 24) Blair Atholl Limestone. Upper Strathgroy Quarry, 11 miles E. of Blair Atholl. 1" Sheet 55; 6" Perth. 21 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 158).

(S34497). A dove-grey, medium-grained limestone composed of inter­locking grains of closely twinned calcite, about 1 mm grain-size, contain­ing numerous small grains of quartz, 0.1 mm across, at the junctions of the calcite grains. Phlogopite, zoisite and sphene are accessory.

Limestone with quartz and cak-silicates, medium-grained, granoblastic.

Britrocks: S34497

Geoscenic: P552592 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552593 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 12 (p. 24) Blair Atholl Limestone. 480 yd S.S.W. of Shierglass, 1 mile S.E. of Blair Atholl. 1" Sheet 55; 6" Perth. 30 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 157)

(S34498). A dove-grey, medium-grained limestone composed of inter­locking grains of closely-twinned calcite of varying size (about 0.25­–1.0 mm) with a little colourless mica, quartz and scarce turbid alkali-feldspar; accessory pyrite, graphite, limonite, and sphene.

Limestone with quartz and muscovite, medium-grained, granoblastic.

Britrocks: S34498

Geoscenic: P552595 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552594 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 139 (p. 25) Blair Atholl Limestone. Gleann Beag ⅔ mile S.S.W. of Devil's Elbow.1" Sheet 65; 6" Perth. 15 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 157).

(S34625). Dove-grey limestone of medium grain. Composed of inter­locking grains of twinned calcite (0.5–1.5 mm) arranged with slight elongation parallel to a single plane. Grains of quartz, often containing many black granules, and flakes of muscovite are uniformly but not very abundantly scattered through the rock. A few grains and many small granules of ore are disseminated throughout.

Limestone with some quartz and muscovite, medium-grained, granoblastic.

Britrocks: S34625

Geoscenic: P552792 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552793 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Limestone, Sandend Group

Aberdeen

SL 71 (p. 25) Limestone, Sandend Group. Blackhillock Quarry, ¾ mile S. of Coachford and about 5 miles N.W. of Huntly. 1" Sheet 86; 6" Aberdeen. 16 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 48).

(S34511). Grey crystalline limestone with dark micaceous partings. Composed of twinned granular calcite in interdigitating grains of vary­ing size, 0.1 to 2 mm, the larger being elongated along the schistosity. Quartz, muscovite and chlorite are subordinate, and opacite including pyrite, leucoxene and perhaps graphite, accessory. The quartz is dis­tributed as individual grains and as lenticles, the other constituents usually in contorted films swelling in-places to small nests.

Limestone with quartz, muscovite and chlorite, medium-grained, grano-schistose, foliated.

Britrocks: S34511

Geoscenic: P552613 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552612 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527941 Thin section

Banff

SL 68 (p. 25) Limestone, Sandend Group. Blackhillock Quarry, 1½ miles S. by E. of. Keith. 1" Sheet 85; 6" Banff. 20 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 79)

(S34508). Mottled grey and white crystalline limestone, composed of large grains of calcite, 1 to 2 mm across, curvedly twinned. Quartz is accessory, and muscovite and opaque dust are scarce.

Limestone with quartz, coarse-grained, granoblastic, strained.

Britrocks: S34508

Geoscenic: P552606 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552607 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 70 Limestone, Sandend Group. Parkmore Quarry, !I mile N.E. of Dufftown. (p. 25) 1" Sheet 85; 6" Banff. 25 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 80).

(S34510). Pale grey crystalline limestone, with veins of coarse white, curvedly twinned calcite. Composed of sutured and locally granulitized grains of calcite with close curved twinning, 0.5–2 mm grain, traversed by lines of granulation. Quartz, muscovite and opaque, black, white and yellow granules are accessory.

Limestone with quartz, coarse-grained, granoblastic, strained.

Britrocks: S34510

Geoscenic: P552610 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552611 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527795 Hand specimen

SL 72 (p. 25) Limestone, Sandend Group. Hillockhead Quarry, 2 ½ miles W. by S. of Keith. 1" Sheet 85; 6" Banff. 13 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 78)

(S34512). Dove-grey, medium-grained crystalline limestone composed of interlocking grains of closely twinned calcite, 0.5 to 2 mm grain, with numerous small quartz grains at the junctions of the calcite grains. Locally large grains of quartz are elongated along the foliation. Muscovite is a subordinate mineral. Sphene, apatite and graphite are accessory; zoistic epidote is present in some laminae.

Limestone with quartz, muscovite and zoisite, coarse-grained, granoblastic, foliated.

Britrocks: S34512

Geoscenic: P552614 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552615 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552616 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552617 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552618 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527942 Thin section

SL 73 (p. 25) Limestone, Sandend Group. Drumrnuir Quarry, 1¼ miles N.N.E. of Drummuir station. 1" Sheet 85; 6" Banff. 19 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 79).

(S34513). Pale grey crystalline limestone, with thin veins of calcite. It is composed of curvedly twinned calcite of grain 0.5 to 3 mm, which is recrystallized in small clear grains along narrow fracture zones. Quartz is accessory.

Limestone, coarse-grained, granoblastic, strained.

Britrocks: S34513

Geoscenic: P552620 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552619 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 74 (p. 26) Limestone, Sandend Group. Craibstone Quarry, 12 miles S. of Kirkton of Deskford. 1" Sheet 96; 6" Banff. 8 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 78)

(S34514). Mottled grey and white limestone with wavy, dark laminae. It is composed of brecciated sheared limestone, recemented by vein calcite, in which quartz is present in small quantity and muscovite accessory. Graphite is present in the dark laminae.

Limestone with some quartz, sheared.

Britrocks: S34514

Geoscenic: P552622 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552621 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 76 (p. 26) Limestone, Sandend Group. Craig Chailceach (Craighaulkie) Quarry 1 mile W.N.W. of Tomintoul. 1" Sheet 75; 6" Banff. 40 S.W. (Lst., Scot., 1949, p. 80).

(S34516). Grey medium-grained crystalline limestone composed of interlocking grains of calcite, about 1.5 mm across, with abundant accessory quartz in small grains, 0.05 mm diameter. Muscovite, pyrite, black opaque granules and sphene are accessory.

Limestone with quartz, medium-grained, heteroblastic.

Britrocks: S34516

Geoscenic: P552626 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552625 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 75 (p. 26) Limestone, Sandend Group. Quarry, Rinaitin, Glen Rinnes. 1" Sheet 85; 6" Banff. 30 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 80).

(S34515). Banded pale and dark grey, crystalline limestone with mica­ceous films. Composed of elongated grains of calcite, up to 3 mm in length, showing a close, curved twinning and traversed by fracture veins in which both calcite and dolomite are present. Quartz is accessory as small grains enclosed in calcite. In the darker bands the calcite grains are enveloped by black graphitic and pyritous dust. Micas, partly chloritized, are present but scarce.

Limestone, dolomitic, with some quartz, granoschistose, sheared.

Britrocks: S34515

Geoscenic: P552624 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552623 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527943 Thin section

SL 238 (p. 26) Limestone, Sandend Group. Glenisla Quarry, Keith. 1" Sheet 85; 6" Banff. 14 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 78).

(S35271). Grey foliated crystalline limestone of medium grain. The twinned interlocking calcite grains of which the rock is composed are elongated in the plane of foliation and reach 4 mm in length. Quartz is present as a subordinate mineral and forms grains, often with crystal faces, usually about 0.3 mm but up to 0.5 mm across. The content of quartz is about 5–7 per cent, but is variable. Opaque black and yellow granular matter is also present and is certainly in part pyrite, but perhaps includes graphite. Muscovite and phlogopite are accessory; alkali-feldspar scarce.

Limestone with quartz and micas, coarse-grained, granoschistose.

Britrocks: S35271

Geoscenic: P553015 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553014 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P528029 Thin section

SL 239 (p. 26) Limestone, Sandend Group. Richmond Quarry, Dufftown. 1" Sheet 85; 6" Banff. 25 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 80).

(S35272). Grey crystalline limestone, composed of closely twinned interlocking and often sutured grains of calcite, about 1.5 mm across, and subordinate quartz forming not more than 5 per cent, except in small pockets. The quartz grains reach up to 01 mm across. There are a little accessory opaque dust and scarce drops of sphene.

Limestone with quartz, coarse grained, granoblastic.

Britrocks: S35272

Geoscenic: P553016 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553017 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527857 Hand specimen

Geoscenic: P527856 Hand specimen

Limestone, Portsoy Group

Aberdeen

SL 240 (p. 26) Limestone, Portsoy Group. Broadland Quarry, between Drumdelgie and Broadland, 3¼ miles W.N.W. of Huntly. 1" Sheet 86; 6" Aberdeen. 25 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 48).

(S35273). Dark grey crystalline limestone, composed of calcite of varying grain, ranging from 3.0–0.5 mm across, and elongated in the foliation planes, with rather intricate interlocking between the calcite grains and between calcite and quartz. Quartz is present in subordinate amount (fully 5 per cent by eye estimation), in grains ranging from 0.5 to fully 2.0 mm in length. The large grains are intergrown with calcite. Phlogopite and opaque grains, which include pyrite, are abundant accessories.

Limestone with quartz, coarse- to medium-grained, granoschistose and grain-foliated.

Britrocks: S35273

Geoscenic: P553018 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553019 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P528030 Thin section

Banff

SL 67 Limestone, Portsoy Group. Limehillock Quarry, 11 miles N.E. of Grange (p. 27) station. 1" Sheet 86; 6" Banff. 15 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 80)

(S34507). Dove-grey crystalline limestone, composed of equidimensional, 0.5 to 1 mm, grains of calcite, which are closely twinned. Quartz and muscovite are minor minerals, and pyrite and black granules accessory.

Limestone with quartz and muscovite, heteroblastic.

Britrocks: S34507

Geoscenic: P552604 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552605 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Boyne Limestone

Banff

SL 69 (p. 27) Boyne Limestone. Boyne Bay Quarry, 1½ miles E. of Portsoy. 1" Sheet 96; 6" Banff. 4 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 81).

(S34509). Grey-white crystalline limestone with dark laminae. Com­posed of granular twinned calcite, average grain 1 mm, with scarce accessory quartz and muscovite.

Limestone, granoblastic.

Britrocks: S34509

Geoscenic: P552608 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552609 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Deeside Limestone

Aberdeen

SL 77 (p. 27) Deeside Limestone. Deecastle Quarry, ¼ mile N.E. of Deecastle, 51 miles W. of Aboyne. 1" Sheet 66; 6" Aberdeen. 92 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 47).

(S34517). A banded, contact-altered calc-silicate rock composed of wollastonite, diopside, oligoclase, zoisite, epidote, prehnite and sphene.

Wollastonite-rock.

Britrocks: S34517

Geoscenic: P552627 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552628 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 78 (p. 27) Deeside Limestone. Mains of Midstrath Quarry, 4 ½ miles E.S.E. of Aboyne. 1" Sheet 66; 6" Aberdeen. 93 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 47)

(S34518). Crystalline limestone composed of calcite, average grain 1.5 mm, with a subordinate, but considerable, content of calcic scapolite, diopside, orthoclase, albite and accessory tremolite, sphene, apatite and partly oxidized pyrite.

Limestone with scapolite, diopside and feldspars, coarse-grained, granoblastic.

Britrocks: S34518

Geoscenic: P552630 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552629 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527829 Hand specimen

SL 79 (p. 27) Deeside Limestone. Gallowhill Wood Quarry. 1" Sheet 66; 6" Aberdeen. 93 N.B.

(S34519). Crystalline limestone composed of calcite, 0.5 to 1 mm grain, with subordinate scapolite (mizzonite) diopside and orthoclase; accessory sphene, tremolite and iron ore.

Limestone with scapolite, diopside and feldspars, medium-grained, granoblastic.

Kincardine

Britrocks: S34519

Geoscenic: P552632 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552631 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 80 Deeside Limestone. Woodhead Quarry, 300 yd S. of Woodhead Farm, (p. 27) 1½ miles E.S.E. of Banchory. 1" Sheet 66; 6" Kincardine. N.S. 9 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 128).

(S34520). Grey crystalline limestone, 1 to 1.5 mm grain, composed of calcite with abundant but subordinate albite, andesine, hornblende, zoisite, and accessory quartz, biotite, sphene, chlorite, pyrite and apatite. Limestone with zoisite and feldspars, medium-grained, granoblastic.

Britrocks: S34520

Geoscenic: P552634 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552633 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Grantown Limestone

Moray

SL 13 (p. 28) Grantown Limestone. 450 yd S.E. of Coldholme, Dulnain Bridge. 1" Sheet 74; 6" Moray (Elgin.) 32 S.E.

(S34499). Pale grey and yellowish grey banded, medium-grained crystalline limestone. Composed of granular calcite of varying grain, 0.2 to 3 mm, with bands rich in granular potash-feldspar, albite and de­composed plagioclase, together with numerous rounded and prismatic grains of diopside and tremolite and flakes of brown phlogopite. Apatite and sphene are accessory.

Limestone with feldspars, diopside, tremolite and phlogopite, foliated, granoblastic.

(S34500). As above, but plagioclase (oligoclase) is abundant. Diopside forms large ragged prisms. Pale brown phlogopite is an important constituent. Zoisite also is accessory.

Limestone with feldspars, diopside, tremolite and phlogopite, foliated, porphyroblastic.

Britrocks: S34499

Geoscenic: P552596 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552597 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527939 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527939 Thin section

Unclassified Dalradian

Aberdeen

SL 66 (p. 28) Metamorphic Limestone. Quarry at Ladyleys, E. of Old Meldrum. 1" Sheet 87; 6" Aberdeen. 46 N.W.

(S34505). Dark grey banded rock, effervescing with HCl only in some bands. In thin section a banded granulite (hornfels) containing biotite, pyroxene, epidote, calcite, calcic plagioclase, oligoclase and albite, with subordinate muscovite, colourless hornblende and accessory pyrite and sphene, in varying proportions in different bands.

Calcareous calcsilicate-biotite-feldspar-granulite, foliated.

(S34506). Grey limestone of impure type, composed of calcite of varying grain, 0.05 to 1 mm, partly granulitized, with subordinate pyroxene, hornblende, epidote, accessory pyrite, sphene and biotite, scattered grains of plagioclase and small nests of quartz.

Limestone with calcsilicates and quartz, grain-foliated, granoschistose.

Britrocks: S34505

Geoscenic: P552602 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552603 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527940 Thin section

SL 145 (p. 28) Metamorphic limestone. Old quarry 550 yd S.E. of Strichen station. 1" Sheet 87; 6" Aberdeen. 13 N.E.

(S34647). Grey, compact granulite with thin dull white limestone laminae. Composed of quartz and potash feldspar with alternate laminae rich in pale green tremolite and/or pyroxene. Biotite is abundant in ragged poikiloblastic plates in a few laminae. Sphene is usually an abundant accessory. Calcite is present both in quartz-feldspar laminae and in those rich in hornblende, but is confined to thin bands in the rock. Iron ore in irregular grains and aggregates is an abundant accessory.

Calcareous quartz feldspar granulite with talc-silicates, foliated.

Geoscenic: P552806 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552807 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527976 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527831 Hand specimen

SL 146 (p. 28) Limestone. Old Quarry, ⅓ mile N. of Ardlethen. 1"Sheet 87; 6" Aberdeen. 38 S.W.

(S34648). Pale grey, fine-grained limestone with some thin calcite veins. Composed of a matrix of granular calcite (0.2–0-4 mm grain-size) con­taining a large number of phlogopite flakes and grains of diopside. The latter has a salite (001) cleavage in addition to the usual prismatic cleavage. The phlogopite flakes tend to be orientated parallel to one direction.

Calcite-diopside-phlogopite rock, fine-grained, granoblastic.

Britrocks: S34648

Geoscenic: P552808 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552809 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527977 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527840 Hand specimen

GS3 (p. 28) Limestone. Most southerly quarry immediately E. of the road, 200 yd. S. of the school, 3 miles N.W. of Kirkton of Glenbucket. 1" Sheet 75; 6" Aberdeen. 60 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 48).

(S37487). Dove-grey crystalline limestone composed of interlocked, recrystallized calcite crystals up to 1.0 mm across and showing complex lamellar twinning. Granulitization occurs along ill-defined narrow bands. Small rounded quartz grains and white mica flakes are scattered through the rock. Pyrite and opaque black dust are accessory.

Limestone with quartz and phlogopite, medium-grained, grain-foliated, in part granoschistose.

Britrocks: S37487

Geoscenic: P553125 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553124 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Unclassified metamorphic

Inverness

SL 14 (p. 28) Kinlochlaggan Limestone. Quarry near Post Office, Kinlochlaggan. 1" Sheet 63; 6" Inverness. 115 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 114).

(S34501). Greyish white, coarsely crystalline limestone, composed of large (4 mm) irregularly interlocking, often sutured plates of twinned calcite containing small grains of oligoclase, quartz, tremolite and sulphide ore as accessory minerals.

Limestone, coarse-grained, with peripheral granulation, diablastic.

Britrocks: S34501

Geoscenic: P552598 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552599 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 15 (p. 29) Limestone. Quarry N. of Loch an Eilean, 2¾ miles S. by E. of Aviemore. 1" Sheet 74; 6" Inverness. 73 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 115).

(S34502). Whitish grey, moderately coarsely crystalline limestone com­posed of interlocking grains of twinned calcite (1 to 2 mm) with numerous subordinate minerals including quartz, alkali-feldspar, tremolite and small, 0.01 mm, grains of zoisite. Sphene and apatite are accessory.

Limestone with some quartz, feldspar and calcsilicates, coarse-grained, granoblastic.

Britrocks: S34502

Geoscenic: P552601 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552600 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527782 Hand specimen

SL 241 (p. 29) Limestone. Glenlia Quarry, near Foyers. 1" Sheet 73; 6" Inverness. 41 S.E.

(S35274). A dull, compact, grey, greenish and pinkish-mottled lime­stone. Composed essentially of calcite, calc-silicates, mica and feldspar, with accessory sphene. The calcite is in grains up to 0.5 mm across. The caic-silicates include zoisite, epidote, pyroxene, pale green tremo-lite, the total and relative abundance of which vary from place to place. The feldspar is chiefly potash-feldspar and shows microcline twinning occasionally. Some albite is also present. The mica is a brown phlogopite.

Limestone with feldspathic calcsilicate folia, foliated, granoschistose.

Geoscenic: P553021 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553020 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P528031 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527862 Hand specimen

Lower Cambrian

Fucoid Beds

Sutherland

M 2926 (p. 29) Dolomite limestone in fucoid shales. Near Chrudaidh, Kyle of Durness. 1" Sheet 114; 6" Sutherland 14 N.E. (Anal. W. Pollard, in 'The Geo­logical Structure of the North-West Highlands of Scotland,' 1907, Mem. Geol. Surv., p. 637).

(S8132). Dark red fine-grained, crystalline dolomite: composed of a matrix of granular dolomite, of grain ranging down from 0.2 mm to minutely crystalline, in which are set numerous echinodermal fragments and long, structureless pieces of single-crystal carbonate which may in some cases be algal in origin, together with brachiopod shell fragments and opacized, laminar, thin sections perhaps of trilobite carapace. Angular to subangular, ill-sorted grains of quartz, chalcedonic silica and alkali-feldspar, and granular aggregates of sericite and streaks of chert are common. Oolitic carbonate grains, yellow tourmaline and colourless zircon are accessory.

Dolomite with quartz and chert, varigrained, zoichnic, clastichnic.

Britrocks: S8132B

Geoscenic: P553140 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553141 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553143 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Durness Limestone: Group I (Ghrudaidh)

Sutherland

SL 269 (p. 29) Dolomite. N. side of Allt a' Chalda Mòr, about 500 yd E. 15° S. of Ardvreck Castle and about 1¼ miles N.N.W. of Inchnadamph Hotel. 1" Sheet 107; 6" Sutherland. 71 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 191. Note: the percentages of CaCO3 and of MgCO3 for SL 269 and SL 270 have been interchanged in error on p. 191).

Bulk sample.

Cambro-Ordovician

Durness Limestone: Group II (Eilen Dubh)

Inverness. (Skye)

SL 252 (p. 29) Dolomite. Between road and shore, just N. of bridge, Ord. 1" Sheet 71; 6" Inverness. (Skye) 51 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 123; see also present memoir, p. 6).

(S35352). Grey compact dolomite, composed of interlocking grains or ill-formed rhombs of dolomite, 0.1–0.2 mm. across. The rock is traversed by very thin cracks which are filled with cherty silica, occasion­ally quartz, and lined with limonite or limonitic clay.

Dolomite, medium-grained, mosaic, fractured.

Britrocks: S35352

Geoscenic: P553040 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553041 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Ross and Cromarty

SL 255 (p. 29) Dolomite. Roadside 680 yd S. of Tornapress Bridge, Kishorn. 1" Sheet 80; 6" Ross and Cromarty. 110 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 167)

(S35355). A pale, flesh-grey, compact dolomite with flinty fracture. It is traversed by thin cracks filled with white dolomite. In thin section the rock is seen to be composed of small grains of dolomite, 0.01–0.05 mm across, with veins and patches of coarser grain, up to 0.3 mm.

Quartz grains, 0.05 0.07 mm across, are numerous, but on the whole probably form less than 5 per cent by volume of the rock. There are occasional films of limonitic silt of stylolitic character.

Dolomite, luteous, fine-grained, breccioid.

Britrocks: S35355

Geoscenic: P553048 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553049 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P531427 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527875 Hand specimen

SL 256 (p. 30) Dolomite. Cliff on shore of Loch Kishorn, 350 yd S.E. of Seafield. 1" Sheet 81; 6" Ross and Cromarty. 110 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 167)

(S35356). A dove-grey, compact, structureless dolomite. Composed of grains of dolomite of uniform size, 0.01–0.04 mm, among which small grains, 0.01 mm, of quartz are common and occasionally concentrated in short narrow streaks. The grains of the dolomite are a little coarser in narrow, interrupted, vein-like courses.

Dolomite, luteous, micrograined, granular.

Britrocks: S35356

Geoscenic: P553050 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553051 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527869 Hand specimen

Sutherland

SL 270 (p. 30) Dolomite. N. side of Allt a'Chalda Mix., about 500 yd E. 15° S. of Ardvreck Castle and about 1¼ miles N.W. of Inchnadamph Hotel. 1" Sheet 107; 6" Sutherland 71 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 191; see note on SL 269 above).

Bulk sample.

SL 272 (p. 30) Dolomite. Amhainn a'Chnocain. N. side of stream, about 720 yd upstream from road-bridge over stream S. of Elphin.

Britrocks: S35797

Geoscenic: P553066 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553067 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 273 (p. 30) Dolomite. As preceding, about 770 yd upstream from the bridge.

Britrocks: S8283

Geoscenic: P553146 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553147 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 274 (p. 30) Dolomite. As preceding, about 800–850 yd upstream from the bridge.

SL 272–4 (p. 30) Dolomite with some chert. Amhainn a'Chnocain; bulk sample from three preceding localities. 1" Sheet 101; 6" Sutherland 91 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 191).

(S35797). A bluish-white compact marble, traversed by thin fracture veins without definite direction. The thin section is composed of equidimensional grains of dolomite, 0.05–0.1 mm across, but is coarser (0.1–0.2 mm size) in patches. Narrow lines of trituration and iron staining traverse the rock and appear to be followed by nodular segrega­tions of cherty silica. Chert also forms irregular masses with which the coarser dolomite is sometimes associated, and the coarser crystallization of the dolomite and the aggregation of this chert both appear to be earlier than the fracturing of the rock.

Dolomite with chert, fine-grained, granular.

Britrocks: S8130

Geoscenic: P553137 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553136 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

M 2892 (p. 31) Dolomite. A'Choil-sgeir, near Eilean Hoan, Durness. 1" Sheet 114; 6" Sutherland 6 N.W. (Anal. W. Pollard, in 'The Geological Structure of the North-West Highlands of Scotland', 1907, Mem. Geol. Surv., p. 637).

(S8283). Pale reddish fine-grained dolomite composed of grains of dolomite, 0.05 to 0.2 mm across, with some ferruginous matter present in stylolitic films. An irregular network of healed fractures pervades the rock. Quartz occurs in thin veins some of which follow lines of fracture.

Dolomite, fine-grained, mosaic, fractured.

Britrocks: S8131

Geoscenic: P553139 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553138 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

M 2893 (p. 31) Dolomite. Eilean Hoan, 2½ miles E. of Durness. 1" Sheet 114; 6" Sutherland 6 N.W. (Anal. W. Pollard, in 'The Geological Structure of the North-West Highlands of Scotland', 1907, Mem. Geol. Surv., p. 637)

(S8130). Uniform, grey, moderately fine-grained dolomite; composed of interlocking grains, frequently rhomboid, of turbid dolomite, 0.2–0.3 mm across. This uniform mass is traversed by thin, impersistent films of ferruginous clay.

Dolomite, medium-grained, mosaic.

Dolomite. Eilean Hoan, 2.5 miles east of Durness. Sutherland. Uniform, grey, moderately fine-grained dolomite; composed of interlocking grains, frequently rhomboid, of turbid dolomite, 0.2 - 0.3 mm across. This uniform mass is traversed by thin, impersistent films of ferruginous clay. Dolomite, medium-grained, mosaic. M02893. Britrocks S8132B.

Britrocks: S8132B

Geoscenic: P553142 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

M 2900 (p. 31) Dolomite. Eilean Hoan, Durness. 1" Sheet 114; 6" Sutherland 6 N.W. (Anal. W. Pollard in 'The Geological Structure of the North-West High­lands of Scotland', 1907, Mem. Geol. Surv. p. 637).

(S8131). Uniform, grey, fine-grained dolomite showing small red flecks; composed of interlocking grains of clear dolomite, 0.1 mm across, among which minor quantities of angular quartz, 0.05 mm average grain, and granules of red iron oxide are uniformly distributed.

Dolomite, luteous, fine-grained, mosaic.

SL 175 (p. 31) Dolomite. Stream 5/6 mile S. of Keoldale, about 75 yd upstream from road. 1" Sheet 114; 6" Sutherland 5 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 188).

The analyses were made on composite samples of which the four speci­mens described below are representative, but the proportions of the various types may have differed in the samples supplied for Anal. M 23799 and Anal. GS1203 respectively.

(S34842). A fine-grained, uniform dolomite of grain size about 0.1 mm. Local patches of coarser grain with occasional limonitic fillings along the cleavages occur. Stylolitic films of limonitic clay are present but scarce and there are traces of quartz.

Dolomite, fine-grained, mosaic.

(S34843). Bedded dolomite, with alternating laminae of 0.01 to 0.05 mm grain containing numerous streaky impregnations of limonite and occasional laminae of chert and ferruginous material. Small angular grains of quartz are numerous and the rock probably contains some clay.

Dolomite, luteous, pelitomorphic to micrograined, taxichnic, thin-bedded.

(S34844). Fine-grained, sandy dolomite with some bands of slightly coarser material; composed of grains of dolomite, about 0.03 mm average grain, with subordinate quartz and alkali-feldspar in angular grains up to 0.1 mm long, and some muscovite in small thin flakes. The rock is cut by thin veins of coarser dolomite.

Dolomite, duteous to arenaceous, fine-grained, taxichnic, mosaic.

(S34845). Dolomite of grain varying between 0.03 and 0.3 mm. There is a local cement of limonite which is only enough to form coatings to the dolomite grains. Limonite is present also along lines of fracture. The variation in grain-size is abrupt so that the rock has a brecciated or nodular appearance in hand specimen, but enclosure of limonitic dust trains in the large dolomite grains suggests that recrystallization to coarse dolomite is later than the fracturing of the rock. Chert occurs in sporadic vacuoles.

Dolomite, varigrained, breccioid, mosaic.

Britrocks: S34842

Geoscenic: P552838 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552839 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527987 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527986 Thin section

SL 177 (p. 32) Dolomite. Hillside, 780 yd N.18°E. of Eireboll House and 330 yd W. of Free Church. 1" Sheet 114; 6" Sutherland 24 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 189). Composite samples.

(S34846). Very fine-grained dolomite of grain-size ranging down from 0.05 mm. The rock contains accessory grains of quartz and flakes of muscovite and is traversed by thin impersistent streaks of chert. Dolomite, micrograined, granular.

Britrocks: S34846

Geoscenic: P552841 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552840 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Durness Limestone: Group III (Sailmhor)

Sutherland

SL 176 (p. 32) Dolomite. Field about 350 yd S.S.W. of Sarsgrum, about 50 yd E. of the road. 1" Sheet 114; 6" Sutherland 5 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 187). The analyses were made on composite samples, the most prominent components of which are represented by the specimens described below; but the proportions of the various types may have differed somewhat in the samples supplied for Anal. M23800 and Anal. GS1202, respectively

(S34838). Crystalline dolomite of grain-size varying from 0.2–0.6 mm and of a slightly brown colour in transmitted light. The grains, are interlocking and mostly of irregular shape but a proportion of them show rhomboid outlines. Ferruginous clay locally forms impersistent, inter-granular films.

Dolomite, medium-grained, mosaic.

(S34839). A fine granular dolomite showing non-uniform distribution of grain-size. The slide includes parts with grain of about 0.1 mm, irregularly and transitionally mixed with coarser grained dolomite of about 0.4 mm grain-size. Ferruginous material is present in very small quantity as short films and intergranular pellicles.

Dolomite, varigrained, breccioid, mosaic.

(S34840). Dolomite of grain-size about 0.3 mm traversed by a diffuse network of coarser grained dolomite (0.6–1.5 mm). All of it has a brownish tint. A little chert is present in thin veins which seem to replace the dolomite, pieces of which are left optically continuous on the opposite sides of the veins. Some granular quartz and ferruginous matter are also present.

Dolomite, medium-grained, breccioid, mosaic.

(S34841). Dolomite of uniform grain-size, 0.5–1.0 mm. The grains are equidimensional and anhedral, no rhomboid outlines having been observed. Limonite is present in small quantity as granules and inter-granular films.

Dolomite, medium-grained, mosaic.

Britrocks: S34838

Geoscenic: P552837 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552836 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527985 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527984 Thin section

M 2895 (p. 32) Dolomite. Quarry 150 yd E. of Sango Bay, Durness. 1" Sheet 114; 6" Sutherland 6 N.W. (Anal. W. Pollard in 'The Geological Structure of the North-West Highlands of Scotland', 1907, Mem. Geol. Surv., p. 637)

(S8129). Black and pale grey mottled, crystalline dolomite of medium grain ('Leopard Stone'); composed of interlocking grains of dolomite, 0.3 to 0.5 mm across, in which the only impurity is the dark dust, shown by Pollard to be carbon, which is uniformly present in the dark areas and patchily distributed in the grains of the grey areas.

Dolomite, medium-grained, mosaic.

Durness Limestone: Group IV (Sangomore)

Britrocks: S8129

Geoscenic: P553135 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553134 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Sutherland

M 2921 (p. 32) Dolomitic limestone. Limestone Skerry, Baile na Cille (Balnakeil) Bay. 1" Sheet 114; 6" Sutherland 5 N.E. (Rough analysis by W. Pollard in The Geological Structure of the North-West Highlands of Scotland', 1907, Mem. Geol. Surv., p. 637, specimen No. M2921).

(S40167). Dark and pale grey, thin bedded limestone. Clean limestone, made of fine calcite dust and thin, small shells, forms irregular fragments and slivers in a darker argillaceous limestone containing few shells. Small dolomite rhombs, up to 0.05 mm across, are common and angular quartz chips, of similar size, are sparse in both varieties; small cubes of pyrite are scarce.

Limestone, dolomitic, luteous, micrograined, fossiliferous,

Britrocks: S8133

Geoscenic: P553145 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553144 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Durness Limestone: Group V (Balnakiel) Inverness (Skye)

SL 245 (p. 32) Altered limestone. Old marble quarry, 1½ miles N.W. of Broadford church and ¼ mile W. of the Sligachan road. 1" Sheet 71; 6" Inverness. (Skye) 40 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 120).

(S35345). A white, grey-mottled, altered limestone of aphanitic aspect. In thin section composed of interlocking grains of calcite, about 0.5 mm across, which enclose or interlock with aggregates of brucite. These aggregates are equidimensional and often show the sharp crystal edges of the mineral they pseudomorph (periclase). Forsterite is also present in small grains altered more or less to serpentine. Some grains of rutile and octahedra of periclase are present.

Limestone with brucite, medium grained, granoblastic.

Britrocks: S35345

Geoscenic: P553026 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553027 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527859 Hand specimen

SL 248 (p. 33) Marble. Marble quarry 800 yd S.40°E. of Cill Chriosd (Kilchrist) church. 1" Sheet 71; 6" Inverness. (Skye) 46 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 121)

(S35348). A white translucent saccharoidal marble. Composed of interlocking grains of dolomite which are equidimensional but only rarely rhomboid and are usually about 0.5 mm across. There are a very few grains of forsterite, serpentinized along cracks.

Dolomite, medium-grained, granoblastic.

Britrocks: S35348

Geoscenic: P553032 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553033 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527860 Hand specimen

Geoscenic: P527870 Hand specimen

Durness Limestone: Group VI (Croisaphuill) Inverness. (Skye)

SL 246 (p. 33) Limestone. Torran, end of side road to Dun Beag. 1" Sheet 71; 6" Inverness. (Skye) 46 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 122).

(S35346). A banded grey and white limestone. Composed essentially of fine, often elongated grains of carbonate, 0.5–0-3 mm across, the grey band being finer-grained than the white. There is an accessory pro­portion of small equidimensional grains of forsterite. Crushed rock dissolved in 1:1 cold HCl gives a small residue showing also dolomite, diopside, tremolite and muscovite or talc aggregate.

Limestone, medium-grained, grain-foliated, granoschistose.

Limestone. Torran, end of side road to Dun Beag. Skye (Inverness). A banded grey and white limestone. Composed essentially of fine, often elongated grains of carbonate, 0.5 - 0.3 mm across, the grey band being finer-grained than the white. There is an accessory proportion of small equidimensional grains of forsterite. Crushed rock dissolved in 1: 1 cold HCl gives a small residue showing also dolomite, diopside, tremolite and muscovite or talc aggregate. Limestone, medium-grained, grain-foliated, granoschistose. SL0246. Britrocks S35346.

Britrocks: S35346

Geoscenic: P553028 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553029 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 247 (p. 33) Limestone. Torran, Dun Beag. 1" Sheet 71; 6" Inverness. (Skye) 46 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 123.)

(S35347). A darkish grey limestone with saccharoidal texture, which shows bedding by alternation of paler and darker grey tints. Composed of a mosaic of grains of carbonate, 0.1–0.2 mm across, often elongated in the direction of bedding. Scattered among the carbonate are prismatic sections of a mineral almost wholly replaced by turbid calcite. In one place a relic of the original mineral suggests itself as tremolite.

Limestone, medium-grained, grain-foliated.

Britrocks: S35347

Geoscenic: P553030 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553031 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527865 Hand specimen

SL 249 (p. 33) Limestone. Roadside 550–650 yd S.W. of Cill Chriosd (Kilchrist) Church. 1" Sheet 71; 6" Inverness. (Skye) 46 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 121).

(S35349). A grey, fine-grained saccharoidal limestone. In thin section shows patchily varying grain, being mostly of grain-size 0.05–02 mm, but in places 0.01 mm or less and elsewhere of coarse grain up to 1.0 mm. Associated with the coarser carbonate are small areas of microcrystalline aggregate consisting of clear grains of carbonate and dark finely granular calcsilicates which include pyroxene and tremolite. Curved areas of coarser grain than the groundmass represent shell fragments.

Limestone with calcsilicates, varigrained, zoophasmic.

Britrocks: S35349

Geoscenic: P553035 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553034 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P531424 Thin section

Durness Limestone, unclassified

Sutherland

SL 271 (p. 33) Marble. Roadside 430 yd E.N.E. of Ledbeg. 1" Sheet 101; 6" Sutherland 82 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 191).

(S35796). A massive, structureless, compact, white marble, with faint yellow patternless markings. Composed of an aggregate of shapeless interlocking grains of calcite, 0.05–0.15 mm in size. These are generally traversed by very close set cleavage and twinning planes. In places the rock shows a mottling due to angularly patchy distribution of clear and turbid calcite. The clear patches are composed of the small grains and the turbid patches seem to be relics of large crystals in which almost submicroscopic striations (due to cleavage or twinning or both) have been produced. The striations are subparallel throughout the patch and are interrupted where new small grains with broader twin lamellae have crystallized. The orientation of the lamellae in such grains is diverse. In places narrow lines of shear are shown by granulation and parallel orientation of calcite grains and by a lining of thin serpentine flakes. Pseudomorphs of olivine in serpentine are sporadic in the rock as individual crystals or clusters. Phlogopite also is present in small flakes and aggregates, the calcite associated with which is coarser in grain than elsewhere in the rock. The rock is a marble triturated by stress.

Limestone, serpentinous, varigrained, sheared.

Britrocks: S35796

Geoscenic: P553064 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553065 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P531432 Thin section

Ordovician

Ayr

SL 152 (p. 33) Craighead (Stinchar) Limestone. Craighead Limeworks, 1 miles N.N.E. of Old Dailly and 3½ miles N.E. of Girvan. 1" Sheet 14; 6" Ayr. 50 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 61).

(S34654). Compact limestone, pale green mottled with white. Large algal growths, in finely granular clear calcite, are embedded in a turbid, very fine textured aggregate of calcite granules probably with clay admixture and in places cemented by Girvanella. In this base the main fossils are echinodermal and polyzoan fragments and a few thin-walled shells. The base has a patchy appearance suggesting the break-up of a clean limestone followed by packing of more muddy limestone round the fragments. A few tiny quartz grains are scattered in the turbid limestone. The rock is traversed by calcite-filled cracks.

Limestone, luteous, pelitomorphic, algal, homoiolithic.

Geoscenic: P527981 Thin section

SL 153 (p. 34) Stinchar Limestone (lower, dark portion). Tormitchell Quarry, 3 miles N.N.E. of Pinmore railway station. 1" Sheet 8; 6" Ayr. 56 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 61).

(S34655). Dark grey compact limestone, composed of finely granular clear calcite mixed with turbid, possibly argillaceous, calcite aggregate of fine grain, through which black carbonaceous specks are scattered loosely. The larger constituents include fragments of shells, small entire shells, round bodies with granular calcite, aggregates of Girvanella and wisps of limonitic clay.

Limestone, argillaceous, pelitomorphic to micrograined, zoichnic.

Britrocks: S34655

Geoscenic: P552826 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552827 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 154 (p. 34) Stinchar Limestone (upper, grey portion). Locality as SL 153.

(S34656). Pale buff, or cream-coloured, compact limestone with semi-crystalline lustre. Composed of a matrix of clear calcite, of 0.05–0-3 mm grain, containing ooliths and numerous fairly well sorted calcareous pebbles, comprising subrounded fragments and knobby spheroids from 0.3–1.5 mm in size, perhaps of algal origin, subangular to rounded pieces of very fine-grained limestone containing ooliths and crinoid fragments but sometimes uniformly structureless, and rare crinoid ossicles. The rock is traversed by many thin calcite-filled cracks which show tensional rupture without lateral displacements. A few quartz grains are present in the matrix and in the semi-opaque limestone.

Limestone, fine-grained, oolitic, pseudo-oolitic.

Britrocks: S34656

Geoscenic: P552828 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552829 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527982 Thin section

SL 266 (p. 34) Stinchar Limestone. Aldons Limeworks, 1½ miles S. of Pinmore station. 1" Sheet 7; 6" Ayr. 62 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 62).

(S35504). A dark grey compact limestone showing films of calcite coating irregular joints or fracture surfaces. Microscopically it is a calcilutite (calcite-mudstone) greatly recrystallized to clear granular cal­cite, 0.02–0.01 mm grain size. Numerous aggregations of algal tubes (Girvanella) are present and have in part resisted the recrystallization which has affected the matrix. Ostracods are common and parts of the rock are rich in crinoid columnals and shell fragments. A little quartz (about 3–5%) is present and pyrite in similar proportions occurs in small irregular grains and clots. In places clayey material is present in sufficient quantity to give the appearance of a calcite breccia with clay matrix. The rock contains fragments of pelitomorphic limestone and is veined and patched by coarsely crystallized calcite.

Limestone, varigrained, zoichnic, clastizoic, homoiolithic.

Britrocks: S35504

Geoscenic: P553061 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553060 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P531430 Thin section

SL 267 (p. 34) Stinchar Limestone. Kirkdominae Hill, Auchensoul Farm, 2 miles W. of Barr. 1" Sheet 8; 6" Ayr. 56 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 64).

(S35505). A fine-grained compact, dark grey limestone. Microscopi­cally the rock is a calcilutite (calcite-mudstone) recrystallized so far that the matrix is an admixture of turbid brown carbonate and clear fine-grained calcite, but without the destruction of the numerous fossil remains of Girvanella and ostracods. Scarce fragments of crinoid, polyzoan and shell, possibly brachiopod, are present. Pyrite is scattered in small grains and clots through the rock as an accessory constituent, and there are stylolitic wisps of limonitic clay.

Limestone, argillaceous, pelitomorphic, microfossiliferous, zoichnic.

Britrocks: S35505

Geoscenic: P553062 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553063 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P531431 Thin section

Lower Old Red Sandstone

Angus

SL 27 (p. 34) Nodular cornstone. Old quarry 400 yd W.S.W. of Huntley Hill, 2½ miles N.E. of Brechin. 1" Sheet 57; 6" Angus 27 N.W.

(S34548). Dark grey-brown compact limestone composed of finely divided turbid calcite, recrystallized along dessication cracks to a coarser grain. Angular grains of quartz and subordinate plagioclase, felsite with microporphyritic quartz, chert and feldspathic siltstone are abundant and range from 1 mm downwards in length. Long slivers of muscovite, biotite, oxidized biotite and chlorite are present. Garnet and staurolite are scarce accessories.

Limestone, arenaceous, micrograinsd, in part clotted.

Britrocks: S34548

Geoscenic: P552684 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552683 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527949 Thin section

Middle Old Red Sandstone

Caithness

SL 163 (p. 34) Flaggy limestone. Stream ½ mile E.S.E. of Halkirk station. 1" Sheet 116; 6" Caithness 17 N.E. Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 83).

(S34850). Black limestone flag with thin lamination in shades of grey. In thin section alternating bands are seen to consist of: (1) coarser bands containing rhombs of dolomite up to 01 mm across, angular quartz grains, usually in subordinate proportion but sometimes abundant, plagioclase and scarce muscovite flakes, in a matrix of shapeless calcite obscured by disseminated bitumen or bituminous clay; (2) thin bands and lenticles of finely granular carbonate containing rhombs of dolomite, but little quartz or bituminous matter; (3) films of reddish-brown almost opaque bituminous clay. In places these films almost coalesce to form thin bands of gritty, calcareous bituminous shale.

Limestone, dolomitic, luteous, bituminous, varigrained, laminar.

Britrocks: S34850

Geoscenic: P552852 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552853 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527990 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527838 Hand specimen

SL 167 (p. 35) Limestone. Robbery Head, S. of Lybster. 1" Sheet 110; 6" Caithness 39 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 83).

(S34851). Dark fine-grained dolomitic limestone, thinly laminated in shades of grey. In thin section the rock has a micronodular appearance, smooth and corrugated lenticles of clear granular carbonate being swathed in a darker matrix lined with corrugated films of bituminous matter. The clear carbonate is predominantly dolomite with which some quartz is associated while the darker matrix consists of anhedral calcite, dolomite rhombs, bituminous clay and clastic quartz. The grain-size of dolomite and quartz may be 0 mm but is usually less. Small flakes of muscovite and biotite are present, mostly in the argillaceous laminae.

Limestone, dolomitic, luteous, bituminous, varigrained, micronodular.

Britrocks: S34851

Geoscenic: P552855 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527991 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527836 Hand specimen

SL 282 (p. 35) Limestone. Quarry, 1450 yd S. by W. of Achvarasdal, Reay. 1" Sheet 115; 6" Caithness 10 S.W.

(S35911). A pale buff compact limestone, composed essentially of rather turbid calcite in grains 0.01–0.15 mm across, with scattered larger grains. Angular quartz, up to 0.15 mm grain-size, white mica, in flakes generally 0.1 mm long, and potash-feldspar are abundantly distributed in the rock and are concentrated along thin laminae coloured dark by bituminous matter. In a concentration of minerals insoluble in cold dilute HCl, chlorite, hornblende and clay are found as accessory con­stituents, and it is seen that potash-feldspar has developed crystal faces during regrowth.

Limestone, luteous, fine-grained, with sapropelitic laminae.

Britrocks: S35911

Geoscenic: P553107 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553106 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P531447 Thin section

Geoscenic: P531446 Thin section

Upper Old Red Sandstone

Angus

SL 26 (p. 35) Gritty Limestone. Old quarry 200 yd W. 30° N. of Dubton station. 1" Sheet 57; 6" Angus 20 S.W.

(S34547). White pink-speckled saccharoidal gritty limestone composed of granular calcite, grain-size about 0.25 mm, and subordinate but abun­dant quartz and some potash-feldspar in angular to subangular grains of fairly uniform size (0.15–0.4 mm). There are a few pebbles of corn-stone and pebbly grains of strained quartz, fine sandstone or greywacke and felsite. Chlorite is accessory; tourmaline, anatase, zircon and apatite scarce.

Limestone, arenaceous, medium-grained, subpoikilocrystallic.

Britrocks: S34547

Geoscenic: P552682 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552681 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Ayr

SL 94 (p. 35) Cornstone. Craigdullyeart Limeworks, 3 miles E.N.E. of New Cumnock. 1" Sheet 15; 6" Ayr. 42 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 65).

(S34560). Dull cream-coloured rock which is much fractured. It is composed of a mixture of very fine-grained turbid carbonate and re­crystallized granular carbonate of grain-size varying from 0.03–0.3 mm. Rarely short tubules in the fine, turbid component suggest that it is partly algal in origin. In recrystallization clay material is concentrated sometimes round the periphery of relict pieces of fine-grained carbonate, sometimes interstitially between the recrystallized grains. Angular quartz and subordinate alkali-feldspar grains, up to 0.5 mm long, occur abundantly in patches; clay is present as impersistent irregular films; flakes of chlorite and grains of chert are accessory.

Limestone, irregularly gritty and clayey, fine-grained, algal, clotted in part, breccioid.

Britrocks: S34560(a)

Geoscenic: P552713 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552712 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527953 Thin section

SL 155 (p. 35) Cornstone. Lannielane Limeworks, 5 miles W.S.W. of Straiton; band in stream below the main worked limestone. 1" Sheet 14; 6" Ayr. 51 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 65).

(S34657). Dense whitish limestone with calcite veins and aggregations divided into indistinct nodules. In section it is seen to be a finely granular limestone of even grain averaging 0.03 mm. Veins and less well-defined insertions of coarsely crystalline clear calcite ramify through the fine-grained component. A few quartz and feldspar grains up to 0.2 mm in length are present among the fine calcite.

Limestone, fine-grained, crook-veined, breccioid.

Britrocks: S34657

Geoscenic: P552830 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552831 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 156 (p. 35) Cornstone. Lannielane Limeworks; main worked band. 1" Sheet 14; 6" Ayr. 51 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 64).

(S34658). Dense, pale buff limestone containing impersistent veins or segregations of white calcite. Composed of very fine-grained granular carbonate (0.01 mm or less) which is patchily recrystallized, sometimes to a granular aggregate of 0.02–0.04 mm grain-size, sometimes to quite coarse segregations of clear calcite. Small rhombs of dolomite or ankerite occur sporadically in the fine calcite and also line a vein of coarse calcite. These are destroyed by a late infiltration of yellow chert, the latter replacing the dolomite with ejection of limonite. Grains of quartz, up to 0.5 mm, are scattered sparsely through the fine-grained limestone and are coated with and enclose granules of opaque matter, probably limonitic clay.

Limestone, in part arenaceous, micrograined, clotted, breccioid.

Britrocks: S34658(a)

Geoscenic: P552832 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552833 Mag: 40 : XPL

Geoscenic: P552834 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552835 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527983 Thin section

SL 170 (p. 36) Cornstone. Middlefield Quarry, 1½ miles N.W. of Muirkirk. 1" Sheet 23; 6" Ayr. 25 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 65).

(S34854). A brownish-grey limestone mottled in light and darker shades and of stony appearance. Composed of turbid fine-grained carbonate which is recrystallized along a diffuse network of channels to anhedral carbonate of grain-size 0.03–0.1 mm. This coarser clear carbonate (calcite) occupies extensive areas free from the turbid type. The latter contains numerous pellet structures which are sometimes uniformly almost opaque, sometimes composed of an opaque rind on a clear granular centre. Elsewhere the pellet structure is absent or forms only part of a more complex structural aggregate. Rarely irregular concentric structure suggests algal origin. It seems as if the carbonate had been originally deposited as a mud, in which perhaps worms worked faecal pellets, and that this had been brecciated and recrystallized. Streaks of opaque limonite are present.

Limestone, fine to micrograined, clotted, micronodular.

Britrocks: S34854

Geoscenic: P552858 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552859 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527993 Thin section

SL 257 (p. 36) Cornstone. Right bank of Poldownie Burn, 600 yd E.N.E. of Glenmuir-Shaw. 1" Sheet 15; 6" Ayr. 37 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 65).

(S35454). A pale purplish, compact limestone containing marly red spots and nests of white, more coarsely crystalline, calcite. The rock is composed of finely granular calcite of grain-size 0.02–0.05 mm. Short films of clay are present but scarce. The grain of the rock increases over small areas and coarse-grained calcite occurs along indefinite nodose channels. Quartz is sparsely distributed as single and composite grains.

Limestone, subarenaceous, fine-grained, granular.

Britrocks: S35454

Geoscenic: P553052 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553053 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Fife

SL 104 (p. 36) Cornstone. Vane Quarries, Benarty Hill. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife 26 S.E.

(S34587). Banded greenish and grey limestone. The section appears to show a greenish band only and it is composed of subrounded quartz grains, with a low proportion of alkali-feldspar grains, cemented by calcite. Many quartz grains show regrowth rims which interlock with the calcite cement. Zircon and rutile are accessory. Alkali-feldspar includes microcline, albite and perthite.

Calcareous, feldspathic, sandstone.

Britrocks: S34587

Geoscenic: P552767 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552766 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527817 Hand specimen

Kincardine

SL 24 (p. 36) Cornstone. Old limekiln at base of cliff, 400 yd N.N.E. of Seagreens, East Mathers. 1" Sheet 57; 6" Kincardine. 27 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 128).

(S34545). Purplish-grey, compact limestone with veins of clear calcite. Composed of granular calcite, the rock has the patchy distribution of fine, medium and coarse grains typical of cornstones, suggesting the original rock as of fine texture, 0.005 mm grain, with coarser material recrystallized or depositing in drying cracks. Relics of the original very fine semi-opaque carbonate-rock show pellet-structure and, rarely, a cellular structure which may indicate algal growths.

Limestone, fine-grained, pelleted, micronodular, breccioid.

Britrocks: S34545

Geoscenic: P552677 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552678 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527948 Thin section

Midlothian

SL 180 (p. 36) Cornstone. Quarry 400 yd W. by N. of Selms, 1¼ miles S. of East Calder. 1" Sheet 32; 6" Midlothian 5 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 141).

(S34901). A nodular rock composed of larger buff nodules which effervesce freely in cold dilute HCl and greenish non-effervescent nodules, in a fine breccia-like base containing much recrystallized or infiltrated calcite. The slide appears to include only the greenish nodules and these are composed of silty micaceous argillite or mudstone, marginally replaced by prisms of calcite growing in from the infilling calcite. The latter is composed of coarse grains which show growth zones and in places two periods of growth separated by a period of silica deposition. Some of the vein-like infillings contain also a central deposit of chalcedonic quartz.

Mudstone, calcite-veined.

Britrocks: S34901

Geoscenic: P552893 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552892 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P528000 Thin section

Moray

SL 105 (p. 36) Cornstone. Cothall Limestone Quarry, 2½ miles S.W. of Forres. 1" Sheet 84; 6" Moray (Elgin.) 10 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 148).

(S34584). Dull white and pale green limestone. Composed of finely granular calcite of patchily varying grain, recrystallized to coarser clear calcite along ill-defined channels. The granular calcite contains much brownish matter, possibly clayey, disseminated through it and locally sufficiently abundant to form a thin cement. Subangular quartz grains up to 0.5 mm across are scattered through the rock.

Limestone, subarenaceous, fine-grained, granular.

Britrocks: S34584

Geoscenic: P552761 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552760 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Upper Old Red Sandstone (near top)

Argyll

SL 283 (p. 37) Cornstone. 250 yd N. of Toward Taynuill. 1" Sheet 29; 6" Argyll. 194 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 39).

(S35912). A whitish compact dolomite, saccharoidal on fresh fracture, composed of equidimensional, sometimes rhomboidal, grains of dolomite, 0.05 to 0.4 mm, which is considerably turbidized by mineral dust. Calcite occurs locally in pockets of shapeless grains with undulose extinction, and yellowish aggregates of clay fill cavities up to 0.5 mm in length.

Dolomite, calcareous, fine-grained, granular.

Britrocks: S35912

Geoscenic: P553108 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553109 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Bute

SL 228 (p. 37) Cornstone. Old Quarry 700 yd S.E. of Kilchattan pier. 1" Sheet 21; 6" Bute. 215 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 82).

(S35155). A cream-white rock with grey and green mottlings, composed of fragments of dolomite-mudstone of very fine grain, 0.002 mm, in a matrix of quartz grit cemented by abundant fine-grained dolomite. A few largish flakes of brown biotite, and some grains of microcline and crushed quartz are present. Thin veins of calcite cut the rock.

Dolomite breccia, arenaceous, taxichnic.

Britrocks: S35155

Geoscenic: P552970 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552971 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Stirling

SL 160 (p. 37) Cornstone. Gargunnock Burn, ¾ mile S. of Gargunnock. 1" Sheet 39; 6" Stirling. 16 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 39).

(S34860). A flaggy medium-grey compact dolomite, composed of turbid very finely granular dolomite, of grain-size about 0.005 mm, which is recrystallized irregularly along streaks and channels to clear dolomite of 0.03 mm grain-size. Obscure vermiform structure in the finer material suggests algal activity. Scarce secondary quartz is associated with good rhombs of dolomite in small lenticular spaces. Thin flakes of mica and angular grains of quartz are sparsely distributed and there are some relics of micro-fossils.

Dolomite, luteous, pelitomorphic, microzoichnic, clotted, bedded.

Geoscenic: P552887 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552886 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527999 Thin section

Carboniferous: Calciferous Sandstone Series

Cementstone Group (and probable equivalents)

Berwick

SL 207 (p. 37) Limestone. Shore cliff close to Bathing Pool, ¼ mile S. of Sharper Head, Berwick-on-Tweed. 1" (Scotland) Sheet 26, (England) Sheet 2; 6"

Berwick. 18 N.E., Northumberland N.S. 2 S.W.

(S35072). A brownish-cream, compact, fine-grained crinoidal limestone, composed of a turbid mass of granular calcite, 0.01 mm, and small calcar­eous organic debris through which are scattered foraminifera, larger shell fragments, ostracod valves, crinoidal fragments and scarcer polyzoan and algal fragments. There are numerous spines and Calcisphaera. The rock is traversed by occasional calcite-filled fractures. Microgranular pyrites, limonite and possibly bituminous matter impregnate some of the fossil fragments.

Limestone, micrograined, microfossiliferous, clastizoic, stylolitic.

Britrocks: S35072

Geoscenic: P552950 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552951 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P528011 Thin section

Dunbarton

SL 91 (p. 37) Cementstone in Ballagan Beds (bulk sample). Murroch Glen, ¼ mile E.N.E. of Murroch. 1" Sheet 30; 6" Dunbarton. N.S. 18 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 86).

(S34486). Earthy grey, compact rock composed of fine-grained dolomite of grain size less than 0.02 mm, through which are scattered elastic grains of quartz up to 0.1 mm across, accessory yellow biotite and interstitial isotropic clay.

Dolomite, luteous, micrograined, uniform granular.

Britrocks: S34486

Geoscenic: P552567 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552566 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 148 (p. 37) Marl in Ballagan Beds. Murroch Glen, ¼ mile E.N.E. of Murroch. 1" Sheet 30; 6" Dunbarton. N.s. 18 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 86).

(S34650). Grey fissile calcareous shale. Angular grains of quartz (up to 0.5 mm across) are abundant and potash feldspar and flakes of muscovite subordinate in a brown extremely fine-grained matrix which shows some parallel orientation of fine micaceous constituents in an isotropic clay base. Carbonate is present as sporadic idiomorphic crystals in the clay and as thin laminae of minute grains and rhombs.

Dolomitic gritty shale.

Britrocks: S34650

Geoscenic: P552812 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552813 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Dumfries

SL 206 (p. 38) Limestone. N. bank of Liddell Water, 1 mile E. of Harelaw Hole. 1" Sheet 11; Dumfries. 54 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 91).

(S35071). ' A grey compact crinoidal limestone. Composed of finely granular (0.05 mm) clear calcite, calcareous organic debris and some turbid, probably slightly argillaceous, fine calcitic interstitial matter. In this are set numerous foraminifera, fragments of shells, small crinoid columnals and some ostracods and spines. Brown carbonaceous matter impregnates a few obscure fossil remains.

Limestone, fine-grained, microfossiliferous, clastizoic, granular.

Britrocks: S35071

Geoscenic: P552948 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552949 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Fife

SL 28 (p. 38) 'Kirkby's IIIa Limestone'. Shore at Randerston. 1" Sheet 41; 6" Fife 16 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 108).

(S34450). Banded grey and buff close-grained dolomite with flinty fracture. Composed of finely granular dolomite 0.02–0.03 mm grain, the refractive index of which, ɷ = 1.697 or slightly greater, indicates a content of about 20 per cent (CaFe)CO3. The rock contains numerous thin tests of ostracods many of which are preserved in black material probably pyrite. Granules and tiny cubes of oxidized pyrite are scattered through the rock. Yellow phosphatic fossil fragments are very scarce.

Ferriferous dolomite, micrograined, microfossiliferous, taxichnic, bedded.

Britrocks: S34450(a)

Geoscenic: P552494 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552493 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552492 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552495 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527930 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527786 Hand specimen

SL 29 (p. 38) 'Kirkby's III Limestone'. Shore at Randerston. 1" Sheet 41; 6" Fife 16 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 108).

(S34451). A rudely platy, irony, shelly rock of lumachelle type. The shells are replaced by turbid coarsely granular ferriferous dolomite, and are embedded in a matrix of carbonate stained and cemented by limonite. This carbonate is in part very finely granular, in part recrystallized to a mosaic of irregular grain up to 0.1 mm across. Its ordinary refractive index mostly is 1.700 but varies upward, the highest value observed being 1.715, indicating a content of fully 20 per cent of ferrodolomite. Numerous fragments of small shells and scarce quartz and mica are scattered through the fine-grained matrix.

Ferriferous dolomite. limonitic, micrograined, zoichnic.

Britrocks: S34451

Geoscenic: P552496 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552498 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552499 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552497 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 30 (p. 38) 'Kirkby's V Limestone'. Shore at Randerston. 1" Sheet 41; 6" Fife 16 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 108).

(S34452). Brownish-buff massive rock which in some bands is almost wholly composed of shells. In thin section the shells are seen to be cemented by a matrix of fine granular clear carbonate in which are set numerous granules of oxidized siderite (0.01–0.02 mm), angular quartz grains (0.1–0.5 mm) and a few yellow phosphatic fossil fragments. A few small cavities are filled with kaolin. The carbonate replacing the shells is an ankerite the refractive index of which is variable being generally between 1.690 and 1.700 but as high as 1.705, and the fine-grained carbonate of the matrix is similar.

Ferriferous dolomite, arenaceous, sideritic, micrograined, zoichnic.

Britrocks: S34452

Geoscenic: P552500 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552501 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552502 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552503 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527932 Thin section

SL 31 (p. 38) 'Kirkby's VII Limestone'. Shore at Randerston. 1" Sheet 41; 6" Fife 16 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 108).

(S34453). Buff-grey, finely saccharoidal dolomite with cavities con­taining tiny crystals of ankerite, refractive index ɷ = 1.715. In thin section the rock is seen to be completely recrystallized to a mosaic of irregular grains of carbonate, 01–0.2 mm across, which are partly turbid, partly clear. Ghosts of shells and of finely granular matrix are outlined and depicted by dust patterns and variations in grain persisting through the recrystallized carbonate, which is a ferriferous dolomite with refractive index varying slightly about 1.690. Perfect rhombs of carbonate in the fine-grained dolomite are probably ankerite similar to the crystals of the cavities.

Ferriferous dolomite, fine-grained, zoophasmic.

Britrocks: S34453

Geoscenic: P552504 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552505 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552506 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552507 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527933 Thin section

SL 32 (p. 38) Dolomitic limestone. Muiredge, 2 miles N. of Anstruther. 1" Sheet 41; 6" Fife 22 N.B.

(S34454). Flaggy earthy brown dolomite with streaks of calcite. Com­posed of a great number of small shells, preserved in turbid ferriferous dolomite, all lying parallel to the bedding and cemented by irregularly oil-stained fine-grained carbonate which is largely a ferriferous dolomite, with varying content of ferrodolomite but never pure dolomite. Scarce granules of sideritic carbonate of high refractive index are distributed through the fine-grained carbonate; finely divided clay material occurs in shell casts, and some phosphatic fragments and grains of pyrite are present. Heavy yellow oil is evolved from the powdered rock on heating in a closed tube.

Ferriferous dolomite, bituminous, micrograined, microzoichnic, bedded.

Britrocks: S34454

Geoscenic: P552508 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552509 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552510 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552511 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 33 (p. 39) Dolomite. Carnbee Dean, 2½ miles N.N.W. of Pittenweem. 1" Sheet 41; 6" Fife 22 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 108).

(S34455). Dark grey dolomitized encrinital limestone. Composed of a mass of fragments of crinoid, some shells and scarce foraminifera replaced by granular dolomite in a base of finely granular dolomite and clay among which deeply yellow stained grains of sideritic carbonate are distributed. The dolomite replacing the fossil fragments is ferriferous with a variable content of ferrodolomite of about 20 per cent estimated from the refractive index, 1.700 and slightly less. Quartz in small angular grains, 0.05 mm, and pyrite in clusters of granules are common throughout the fine-grained matrix.

Ferriferous dolomite, luteous, micrograined, zoichnic.

Geoscenic: P527935 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527798 Hand specimen

SL 40 (p. 39) Dolomite. Cameron Burn, near Lathockar. 1" Sheet 41; 6" Fife 15 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 108).

(S34461). Ochre-weathering, uniformly fine-grained saccharoidal dolo­mite. Composed of equigranular dolomite of grain 0.1–0.2 mm among which are sparsely scattered grains of quartz of similar size, small nests of kaolin, and granules of oxidized pyrite.

Dolomite, fine-grained, mosaic.

Britrocks: S34461

Geoscenic: P552524 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552525 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552526 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552527 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527799 Hand specimen

Kinross

SL 157 (p. 39) Cementstone: 'Upper Cement Bed'. Devonshaw Old Quarry, 2½ miles E. of Dollar. 1" Sheet 39; 6" Kinross. 25 S.W.

(S40620). Dull greyish-white, compact dolomite banded with less fine-grained, gritty cream-coloured calcareous dolomite. In thin section the compact dolomite is composed of a close aggregate of rhomboid granules, about 0.005 mm across, of dolomite among which calcite is abundant, and through which angular grains of quartz, up to 0.2 mm in size, shreds of colourless mica and fragments of pelitomorphic dolo­mite are irregularly distributed. The gritty portion is composed of angular grains of quartz, up to 0.5 mm, and numerous pseudo-ooliths of pelitomorphic dolomite which with subordinate microcline and fine-grained silica-rock are cemented by rhomboid dolomite of varying grain and by shapeless calcite.

Dolomite, arenaceous and dolomitic sandstone, interbanded, taxichnic.

SL 158 (p. 39) Cementstone. 'Lower Sandy Bed'. Devonshaw Old Quarry, as preceding.

(S34858). Compact, mottled grey-brown and cream dolomite. Com­posed of a base of dolomite in grains and rhombs of 0.02 to 0.1 mm size in which relic patches of very fine-grained pelleted carbonate rock are preserved. In this base irregular patches and single rhombs of coarsely crystallized dolomite about 1 mm across are numerous. Subangular grains of quartz are sporadically abundant in both the coarse and fine dolomite. Ferruginous clay films are common locally and their material has been pressed aside by the large dolomite crystals during their growth. Dolomite, calcareous, arenaceous, fine-grained, porphyrocrystallic.

Britrocks: S34857

Geoscenic: P552878 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552879 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552880 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552881 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Midlothian

SL 181 (p. 39) Cementstone. Linhouse Water, 120 yd N.W. of the upper (south) railway viaduct, 2 miles S. of Mid Calder. 1" Sheet 32; 6" Midlothian 5 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 141).

(S34902). A dull compact grey rock, composed mainly of grains of carbonate, 0.005–0-01 mm across, which by refractive index tests is shown to be ferriferous dolomite. Slightly larger grains up to 0.02 mm much altered to limonite probably represent siderite. In thin seams rich in quartz and muscovite the carbonates are less finely grained and oxidized siderite up to 0.05 mm can be distinguished among clear finely granular carbonate. Fresh biotite is present but scarce in these seams and alkali-feldspar, muscovite and chlorite also are present. Contem­poraneous brecciation of the fine-grained dolomite into the arenaceous seams suggest that the dolomite is an original precipitation or a lime-mud contemporaneously dolomitized.

Ferriferous dolomite, micrograined, with arenaceous laminae, taxichnic.

Britrocks: S34902

Geoscenic: P552894 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552895 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P528001 Thin section

Roxburgh

SL 200 (p. 39) Limestone. Thorlieshope Limeworks, 400 yd S. of Hob Knowe, 4 miles E. of Riccarton Junction. 1" Sheet 17; 6" Roxburgh. N.S. 36 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 169).

(S35065). A grey cavernous limestone of fine grain, the cavities in some cases represent shells dissolved away; small black pellets are numerous in patches. Composed of a large number of large fairly thin-walled shells, which enclose turbid calcite-mudst6ne in various stages of re-crystallization, in a partially recrystallized and dolomitized matrix. The less recrystallized portions show a clotted structure, contain frag­ments of thin shells and in places contain rolled or angular fragments of shelly calcite-mudstone, shell fragments coated with precipitated calcite and, more rarely, ooliths, together with fragments of hollow structures, perhaps spines. Refractive index tests show that both dolo­mite and ankerite are present.

Limestone, dolomitic, pelitomorphic, fossiliferous, clotted, pseudo-oolitic.

Britrocks: S35065

Geoscenic: P552939 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552938 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P528009 Thin section

SL 201 (p. 40) Limestone. Larriston Limeworks, Larriston Tower, 6 miles N.E. of Newcastleton. 1" Sheet 11; 6" Roxburgh. N.S. 38 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 169).

(S35066). Dark grey, compact fine-grained limestone; small round bodies are seen in places. The rock shows in thin section a very fine-grained brownish calcilutite containing fragments of thick and thin shells, ooliths, shell fragments coated with oolitic calcite, tiny grains of quartz, and pebbles of calcilutite similar to the matrix with and without shells and ooliths. In part of the slide the matrix is almost completely recrystallized to clear calcite.

Limestone, luteous, pelitomorphic, fossiliferous, clastizoic, oolitic.

Britrocks: S35066

Geoscenic: P552940 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552941 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 202 L(p. 40) imestone. Junction of Tweeden Burn and Liddel Water, 1 mile S. of Newcastleton. 1" Sheet 11; 6" Roxburgh. N.S. 40 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 168).

(S35067). A dark, brownish-grey, nodular limestone. The thin section shows a mass of algal limestone in which radiating and bifurcating canals of clear fine-grained calcite penetrate a base of semi-opaque, extremely

fine-grained calcite. Recrystallization has affected the rock in patches so that the organic structure is in places destroyed. The algal mass is coated and infilled by fine-grained shell limestone containing quartz grit and muscovite flakes.

Limestone, micrograined to pelitomorphic, algal.

Britrocks: S35067

Geoscenic: P552943 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552942 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 203 (p. 40) Limestone. Muir Burn, 660 yd N.W. of Liddelbank House. 1" Sheet 11; 6" Roxburgh. N.S. 42. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 168).

(S35068). A granular dark brownish-grey limestone, showing small crinoid columnals. Composed of the debris of crinoid columnals, shells, ostracods, foraminifera, polyzoa and spines, the fine material being recrystallized to clear fine-grained calcite in which the polyzoan and foraminiferal fragments are prominently picked out by opaque bitu­minous impregnations in the cell walls. Angular grains of quartz up to 0.5 mm long, are abundant.

Limestone, arenaceous, fine-grained, clastizoic, microfossiliferous.

Britrocks: S35063

Geoscenic: P552935 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552934 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P528010 Thin section

SL 208 (p. 40) Limestone. Old quarry, 100 yd N. of Stobs Quarry, Limekilnedge, 9 miles S. of Hawick. 1" Sheet 17; 6" Roxburgh. N.S. 35 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 170).

(S35073). A whitish, nodular, argillaceous limestone. Composed of a mass of granular carbonate of which the grain-size is occasionally 0.03 mm but usually 0.01 mm and often less. This has a turbid appearance and there may be films of clay on the grains, but the apparent turbidity may be caused only by the small grain-size. Through this mass small angular quartz chips (0.2 mm down) are sporadically scattered. Re-crystallization to clear granular calcite (0.1 mm grain) has taken place along impersistent sinuous or irregular channels.

Limestone, luteous, micrograined, uniform granular, crook-veined.

Britrocks: S35073

Geoscenic: P552952 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552953 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P528012 Thin section

SL 220 (p. 40) Dolomite. Quarry on Nottylees Farm, 600 yd S.E. of Carham station. 1" Sheet 26; 6" Roxburgh. N.S. 7 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 170).

(S35074). A brownish-cream, fine-grained, compact, structureless dolomite. Composed of granular, occasionally rhomboid dolomite, grain-size 0.03 mm. There is a considerable quantity of opaque white material which usually occurs as clusters averaging 0.01 mm across, embedded centrally in the dolomite grains. As this structure seems unlikely to be original, it suggests that the dolomite, in spite of its small grain, is recrystallized. Argillaceous matter may be present as coatings on the dolomite grains. In places stylolitic films separate the rock into small irregular nodules.

Dolomite, micrograined, uniform granular, taxichnic.

Britrocks: S35074

Geoscenic: P552954 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552955 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 221 (p. 40) Dolomite. S. side of railway, 400 yd W. of Carham station. 1" Sheet 26; 6" Roxburgh. N.S. 7 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1941, p. 170).

(S35075). Pale cream, compact, very fine-grained dolomite with small-scale nodular structure. Composed of small, occasionally rhomboid grains (0.02 0.04 mm grain-size) of dolomite, probably coated with some argillaceous matter. The nodular structure is not seen in thin section but there is a weak banding of clearer and more turbid dolomite. The rock is cut by calcite-filled fractures which are faulted by narrow fractures also calcite-filled. Quartz grains, up to 0.5 mm long, are sparsely scattered through the rock.

Dolomite, micrograined, uniform granular.

Britrocks: S35075

Geoscenic: P552957 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552956 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P528013 Thin section

Stirling

SL 192 (p. 41) Cementstones, Ballagan Beds (bulk sample of 8 bands). Ballagan Burn, 530 yd N. of Ballagan House. 1" Sheet 30; 6" Stirling. 27 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, pp. 177–8).

(S34968). Compact grey rock, composed of a mass of rhomboid dolo­mite crystals, 0.005–0.02 mm across, with very little turbid matter of any kind, argillaceous or calcareous. Angular grains of quartz, 0.1–0-5 mm across, are abundantly scattered through the rock along with scarce alkali-feldspar, secondary quartz-rock, chlorite and thin prisms of a mineral, occurring in cracks and in association with quartz, which is probably baryte. The presence of small prisms of gypsum was sus­pected, but not proved.

Dolomite, luteous, micrograined, uniform granular.

Britrocks: S34968

Geoscenic: P552923 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552922 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P528008 Thin section

SL 193 (p. 41) Cementstone, Ballagan Beds. Locality and references as for SL 192.

(S34969). A grey compact rock composed of granular and rhomboid carbonate, of average grain-size 0.005 mm, among which there are tiny patches of brownish argillaceous matter. Angular grains of quartz and flakes of muscovite are sparsely scattered through the rock.

Dolomite, luteous, pelitomorphic, clotted, taxichnic.

Britrocks: S34969

Geoscenic: P552925 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552924 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 194 (p. 41) Marly shale, Ballagan Beds. Locality and references as for SL 192.

(S34970). Darkish grey very fine-grained rock, rough to the touch. Composed of grains and rhombs of dolomite, of average grain-size 0.005 mm, with some interstitial faintly brown isotropic material of refractive index close to that of canada balsam, possibly halloysite. Abundant angular grains of quartz, grain-size 0.1–0.01 mm and sparse muscovite are scattered through the rock.

Dolomitic siltstone.

Britrocks: S34970

Geoscenic: P552926 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552927 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 195 (p. 41) Hard manly bed, Ballagan Beds. Locality and references as for SL 192.

(S34972). Dull grey compact rock, composed of granular and rhomboid carbonate, 0.005–0.02 mm grain-size, and accessory angular quartz and muscovite flakes. There is a small amount of interstitial isotropic material.

Dolomite, luteous, micrograined, uniform granular.

Note on specimens (S34968), (S34969), (S34970), (S34972): Refractive index tests on powdered rock always show dolomite as the carbonate. No index for calcite was obtained in any of the rocks, the only variation being slightly on the ankerite side in some grains of (S34972). Since all these rocks effervesce slightly in cold dilute HCl some calcite must be present as a fine dis­semination. In powders immersed in oil a thin skin of apparently isotropic material of much lower refractive index is discernible on the dolomite rhombs when these are orientated so that their index is equal to that of the oil. This is the clay cementing material and is only rarely discernible in thin section (S34970). When the powdered rock is treated with hot HCl a considerable clay residue is obtained. This does not lend itself to microscopical examination, the only identifiable minerals being quartz chips, and sericite fibres, the main constituent being an aggregate of minute granules in a feebly polarizing base of average refractive index 1.60–1.61.

Britrocks: S34972

Geoscenic: P552928 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552929 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

GS10 Cementstone. Campsie Glen, at the waterfall, just below the junction of (p. 41) Cementstones with the Campsie Volcanic Group; 580 yd N. of Ballencleroch House. 1" Sheet 30; 6" Stirling. 27 N.E. (Anal. C. O. Harvey)

(S33200). Dull grey rock composed of clear, granular and rhomboid carbonate, of grain 0.01–0.02 mm with irregular relics of turbid car­bonate of still finer grain. Scattered grains of quartz, occasional yellowish micaceous material, alkali-feldspar and tiny films of white mica are also present.

Dolomite, luteous, micrograined, with pelitomorphic lattice.

Britrocks: S33200

Geoscenic: P552414 Mag: " Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552413 Mag: 16mm Light: PPL

Oil Shale Group (and probable equivalents)

Burdiehouse Limestone

Fife

SL 171 (p. 41) Burdiehouse (Grange) Limestone. Newbigging Mine, 1 mile W. of Burntisland. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife 40 N.W.

(S34855). Dull cream-grey, compact limestone showing numerous ostracods. Composed of a matrix of finely divided carbonate, 0.001–­0.005 mm grain-size in which are set numerous ostracod shells and some fragments of thicker molluscan shells. The ostracod bivalves when complete are filled with more coarsely granular carbonate up to 0.2 mm. grain.

Limestone, pelitomorphic, microfossiliferous: microcoquinoid.

Britrocks: S34855

Geoscenic: P552861 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552860 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 172 (p. 42) Dolomite vein in Burdiehouse or Grange Limestone. Newbigging Mine. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife 40 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 100).

(S34856). Brown dolomite with lustrous crystalline surfaces, composed of an aggregate of anhedral ankerite of uniform grain 0.1–0.2 mm size, and of a uniform pale brown tint. Sporadic, small oval areas of clear carbonate including calcite represent ostracods. The ankerite in the section and in powder appears to be homogeneous, ɷ = 1.707 corres­ponding to about 12 per cent FeO. These figures agree well with the chemical analysis considering that free calcite is present. The rock has a small proportion of empty pore spaces. Small aggregates of pyrite granules are present.

Ferriferous dolomite, fine-grained, uneven mosaic.

Britrocks: S34856(b)

Geoscenic: P552862 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552863 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552864 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552865 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552866 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552867 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552868 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552869 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552870 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552871 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552872 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552873 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552874 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552875 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552876 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552877 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527837 Hand specimen

SL 216 (p. 42) Burdiehouse Limestone, 'Flooring'. Newbigging Mine. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife 40 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 99).

(S35896). A dull fawn-grey limestone, composed of very finely granular calcite recrystallized to grains reaching 0.06 mm across. In this matrix are scattered fragments of shells, mainly ostracod, and of cellular or­ganisms and some quartz grains of 0.2 mm grain-size. Granules of pyrite are scarce, being occasionally concentrated in a shell fragment, and limonitic clay is thinly spread through some portions of the rock. The limestone is traversed by narrow and irregular cracks which are sealed by calcite.

Limestone, micrograined to pelitomorphic, microfossiliferous, clotted.

Britrocks: S35896

Geoscenic: P553086 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553087 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527850 Hand specimen

SL 217 (p. 42) Burdiehouse Limestone, 'Bottom Bed'. SL 216.

(S35897). A dull fawn-grey limestone, containing scattered smooth-surfaced black bodies which include limestone. The rock is composed of very finely divided calcite, locally slightly and irregularly recrystallized, with sparse, small rhombs of dolomite reaching 0.2 mm size. Scattered through the rock are fairly numerous thin shells and shell fragments densely permeated by pyrite: many are of ostracods, either whole or broken and collapsed, and often filled with clear coarsely granular calcite. Quartz grains are small and few. Irregular, short veins of limonitic matter and cracks sealed by calcite are common.

Limestone, dolomitic, pelitomorphic, microfossiliferous, microclastizoic.

Britrocks: S35897

Geoscenic: P553088 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553089 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P531437 Thin section

Geoscenic: P531438 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527852 Hand specimen

SL 218 (p. 42) Burdiehouse Limestone, 'Middle Bed'. Locality and references as for SL 216.

(S35898). Dull fawn-grey limestone containing a few black bodies and laminated locally by indefinite dark brown laminae. The section shows extremely finely divided calcite, slightly and irregularly recrystallized, forming the matrix, and containing many small fragments of thin shells, some of which are impregnated with pyrites, and many tiny crystals and radiating grains of clear carbonate. Granules of partly oxidized pyrite and hydrocarbon streaks are present. Narrow anastomosing fractures filled with calcite are numerous.

Limestone, pelitomorphic, microclastizoic, fracture-veined.

Britrocks: S35898

Geoscenic: P553091 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553090 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527853 Hand specimen

Geoscenic: P527874 Hand specimen

SL 219 (p. 42) Burdiehouse Limestone, 'Top Bed'. Locality and references as for SL 216.

(S35899). Dull pale cream-coloured limestone, containing in many places clear quartz grains, black bodies and scattered carbonaceous fragments. The rock is composed of very finely divided calcite slightly recrystallized. Ostracod valves are numerous, and when entire contain coarse-grained clear calcite. Pyrites impregnation is scarce and not intense. Quartz grains occur sporadically in the shelly pockets. Rhombs of pale brown dolomite or ankerite, about 0.05 mm across, are seen in parts of the thin section. Shreds of black, carbonaceous matter are present.

Limestone, dolomitic, pelitomorphic, microfossiliferous, fracture-veined.

Britrocks: S35899

Geoscenic: P553092 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553093 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527849 Hand specimen

Midlothian

SL 16 (p. 42) Burdiehouse Limestone (top). Clippens Limeworks, near Straiton. 1" Sheet 32; 6" Midlothian 7 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 143).

(S34524). Fine-grained buff limestone with dark brown laminae. Com­posed of finely divided turbid calcite, irregularly recrystallized to clear calcite of grain 0.01–0.05 mm, in which crushed ostracod shells and fragments are set. Many shells are partly or wholly replaced by pyrite. Limestone, micrograined to pelitomorphic, microfossiliferous, micronodular.

SL 17 (p. 43) Burdiehouse Limestone (middle). Locality and references as for SL 16

(S34525). Compact buff limestone with widely separated dark brown laminae. Composed of a brown oil-stained matrix of calcite of fine

Locality and references as for grain in which are set numerous irregular patches or fragments of clear, granular calcite together with crushed ostracod shells, occasional small shapeless clots of collophane, small scattered aggregates of pyrite granules and small fragments of carbonaceous matter.

Limestone, bituminous, pelitomorphic, microfossiliferous, bedded, homoiolithic microbreccia.

SL 18 (p. 43) Burdiehouse Limestone (base). Locality and references as for SL 16.

(S34526). Compact limestone banded in darker and less dark brown shades. Composed of almost structureless finely granular yellow-stained calcite interbanded with layers to which the irregular mingling of clear and yellow stained rock gives a fragmental appearance as in

(S34525). Ostracod shells are abundant in the coarser seams and collo-phane clots are present. Wisps of bitumen and carbonaceous fragments occur sparsely throughout the rock.

Limestone, bituminous, pelitomorphic, microfossiliferous, bedded, homoiolithic microbreccia.

Britrocks: S34526

Geoscenic: P552636 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552635 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 54 (p. 43) Burdiehouse Limestone. Harburn Limestone Mine, 1 mile S. of Harburnhead. 1" Sheet 32; 6" Midlothian 11 S.E.

(S34449). Compact earthy-brown, fine-grained limestone. Composed of minutely granular calcite, grain in general less than 0.002 mm, per­meated by films of yellow bituminous matter. Complete and fragmen­tary ostracod shells, enclosing clear coarsely granular calcite are numerous. Grains of pyrite granules, occasional streaks of bitumen and traces of fossil phosphate are present. Some fine quartz grit occurs in certain laminae along with small aggregates of a radiating mineral which, in view of the chemical analysis, may be celestite. The rock powder on heating in the closed tube emits a little oily vapour.

Limestone, bituminous, pelitomorphic, microfossiliferous, bedded, homoiolithic.

Geoscenic: P552490 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552491 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527929 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527806 Hand specimen

Geoscenic: P527797 Hand specimen

SL 198 (p. 43) Burdiehouse Limestone. Harburn Limestone Mine, ⅔ mile S. of Harburnhead and 2½ miles S.E. of West Calder. 1" Sheet 32; 6" Midlothian 11 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 143).

(S35063). A dark buff, fine-grained limestone containing numerous small dark grains, visible by hand lens. Composed of extremely finely divided turbid calcite containing a multitude of yellowish carbonate grains of all shapes up to about 1 mm across, and numerous fossil frag­ments. The latter include many thin shell fragments and scarce com­plete small ostracods. There are also some large, irregular-shaped pellets (up to 1 mm across) within which the carbonate occurs as grit in a turbid matrix; these are perhaps faecal pellets. Traces of quartz grit are present.

Limestone, pelitomorphic, microfossiliferous, microclastizoic.

West Lothian

SL 173 (p. 43) Burdiehouse Limestone. Hopetoun Wood Quarry, Abercorn. 1" Sheet 32; 6" West Lothian 4 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 196).

(S35986). Almost black aphanitic rock, resembling bituminous mud-stone. Composed of a very fine calcite aggregate coloured brownish and yellowish by finely disseminated bituminous matter. In the larger pieces and long streaks the latter is mainly a homogeneous yellow isotropic material but is sometimes orange and almost opaque. Opaque material includes carbonaceous matter and pyrite. These constituents produce a parallel banding in the rock. There are occasional calcareous frag­ments of shells, and only a very few grains of quartz are recognizable. The rock powder, heated in a closed tube, evolves a heavy yellow oil and a more volatile colourless fraction.

Limestone, bituminous, luteous, pelitomorphic, subclastizoic, bedded.

Other limestones

Ayr

SL 108 (p. 43) Broadstone Limestone. Disused quarry at Langside Farm. 1" Sheet 22; 6" Ayr. 8 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 74).

(S34563). Grey limestone with brachiopod shells. Composed of the debris, largely unworn, of large and small shells, polyzoan fragments, small crinoid ossicles, spines, ostracods, algal growths and foraminifera. The foraminifera, some shells and polyzoan cells have impregnations of blackish material, possibly bituminous. All these larger constituents are embedded in an extremely fine-grained base of semi-opaque calcite granules, which is recrystallized to clear calcite of small grain in an irregular manner. Irregularly shaped small pockets of kaolinite are present and are visible as white specks in the hand-specimen.

Limestone, pelitomorphic to fine-grained, clastizoic, in part zoophasmic.

SL 122 (p. 44) Broadstone Limestone. Nettlehirst Quarry, 2¼ miles S.S.E. of Beith. 1" Sheet 22; 6" Ayr. 8 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 74).

(S34570). Grey limestone with microfossils and many crinoid plates. Large and small shell fragments, productid spines, polyzoan fragments, crinoid columnals and foraminifera are abundant in a turbid base of calcite granules 0.01 mm and less across. This base contains many pieces of calcite recognizable as chips of shell and the whole is derived from a shell mud. The canalicules of brachiopod shells and the chambers of foraminifera are sometimes filled with pyrites.

Limestone, pelitomorphic, fossiliferous, clastizoic.

Britrocks: S34570

Geoscenic: P552735 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552734 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 135 (p. 44) Wee Post Limestone. Auchenmade Quarry, 600 yd W. of Auchenmade station and 3 miles E. by S. of Dalry. 1" Sheet 22; 6" Ayr. 12 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 75).

(S34621). Pale buff-grey limestone with many crinoid plates. Composed of crinoid columnals and ossicles, spines, large shell fragments, small shells, polyzoan skeletons with cells filled with dark carbonaceous dust, and occasional foraminifera. All these are set in a matrix of recrystallized granular carbonate containing many small fragments of shells and polyzoa, and scattered grains of pyrite.

Limestone, micrograined, clastizoic, in part zoophasmic.

Britrocks: S34621

Geoscenic: P552782 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552783 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552784 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552785 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 136 (p. 44) Broadstone Limestone. Auchenmade Quarry, as above. 1" Sheet 22; 6" Ayr. 12 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 75).

(S34622). Grey argillaceous limestone with Lithostrotion. Composed of large and small fragments of crinoids and of shells, spines, large and small foraminifera, Calcisphaera, and occasional coral and polyzoan pieces in a bedded matrix of finely granular calcite mixed with small fossil relics, limonite shreds and opaque carbonaceous fragments and pyrite grains. Orange and opaque bituminous material forms undulating films and streaks along the bedding. The larger organic fragments are mostly arranged with their long axes parallel to the bedding.

Limestone, micrograined, clastizoic, bedded.

Britrocks: S34622

Geoscenic: P552787 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552786 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527973 Thin section

Dumfries

SL 142 (p. 44) Dolomite. Barjarg Quarry, 440 yd N.E. of Barjarg Tower, 1 mile S.W. of "Closeburn. 1" Sheet 9; 6" Dumfries. 31 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 88).

(S34628). Bright, rose-coloured crystalline dolomite containing quartz grains, Composed of granular dolomite, 0.2–0.4 mm grain-size, powdered with ferric oxide dust and in places cemented by red ferric oxide aggregate. Composite quartz grains and grains of strained quartz up to 0.5 mm in size are scattered in small quantity throughout the rock. Ghosts of fossil fragments are outlined by varying concentration of ferruginous dust.

Dolomite, fine-grained, zoophasmic, uneven mosaic.

Britrocks: S34628

Geoscenic: P552800 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552801 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 143 (p. 44) Limestone. Quarry 500 yd N.E. of Caldronlee Farm, 1½ miles E.S.E. of Waterbeck. 1" Sheet 10; 6" Dumfries. 52 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 90).

(S34629). Pinkish, sparkling, compact limestone, composed of frag­ments of shells and polyzoa, many and various foraminifera, productid spines, Calcisphaera, and ostracods cemented in a fine-grained base of shapeless calcite and recrystallized small organic fragments. A little pyrite and probably some clay are present.

Limestone, fine-grained, microfossiliferous, clastizoichnic.

Britrocks: S34629

Geoscenic: P552802 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552803 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 144 (p. 44) Limestone. Quarry 100 yd N. of Cauldwellknowe Farm, nr. Kirtle Bridge station. 1" Sheet 10; 6" Dumfries. 58 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 89).

(S34630). Pale purplish-grey, compact, sparkling limestone, composed of fragmentary shells, foraminifera, polyzoan skeletons, crinoidal remains, spines and Calcisphaera, in a matrix of fine-grained calcite which is largely recrystallized organic debris.

Limestone, fine-grained, microfossiliferous, clastizoichnic.

Britrocks: S34630

Geoscenic: P552804 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552805 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 204 (p. 45) Lower Harelawhill Limestone. Quarry 150 yd N.W. of Harelawhill,3 miles N.E. of Canonbie. 1" Sheet 11; 6" Dumfries. 54 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 91).

(S35069). A compact brownish-grey limestone, with scarce small crinoid columnals visible. Composed of a fine-grained turbid matrix of calcite in process of recrystallization to clear granular calcite. Con­sisting essentially of finely comminuted molluscan, polyzoan and crin-oidal debris. Numerous foraminifera, spines, Calcisphaera and larger crinoidal and shell.fragments are present. Yellow bituminous matter is sparsely distributed through the rock.

Limestone, micrograined, microfossiliferous, clastizoichnic.

Britrocks: S35069

Geoscenic: P552945 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552944 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 205 (p. 45) Upper Harelawhill Limestone. Quarry 300 yd. W. of Harelawhill. 1" Sheet 11; 6" Dumfries. 54 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 91).

(S35070). A dark grey, fine-grained, compact, structureless limestone. Composed of granular calcite (0.02–0.06 mm grain-size) with inter­stitial limonitic and bituminous clay cement. Fragments of shells and black carbonaceous specks are fairly abundant and there is a little pyritic impregnation of shell fragments.

Limestone, fine-grained, microfossiliferous, zoophasmic.

Britrocks: S35070

Geoscenic: P552947 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552946 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

East Lothian

SL 178 (p. 45) Limestone at base of the volcanic rocks. Quarry, 1100 yd W.10°S. of Howmuir Farm, about a mile E. of East Linton. 1" Sheet 33; 6" East Lothian 6 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 95).

(S34899). A dark flesh-coloured limestone composed of pisolitic and irregular masses and pellets of turbid fine-grained calcite cemented by clear calcite of grain 0.05 to 0.03 mm. The pisolitic masses, 0.2 to 4.0 mm across, are in part algal and show concentric or confocal growth structures in the centre of which chalcedonic replacement is common. Many of the smaller pisolites or pellets are structureless and may be faecal pellets or rolled fragments. Grains of radiating chalcedony occurring in the recrystallized matrix appear at times to be clastic. Ferruginous films are common around or within channels of recrystal-lization.

Limestone, algal, clotted, micronodular, homoiolithic, mesh-crystallized.

Limestone at base of the volcanic rocks. Quarry, 1100 yards west 10 degrees south of Howmuir Farm, about a mile east of East Linton. East Lothian. A dark flesh-coloured limestone composed of pisolitic and irregular masses and pellets of turbid fine-grained calcite cemented by clear calcite of grain 0.05 to 0.03 mm. The pisolitic masses, 0.2 tc 4.0 mm across, are in part algal and show concentric or confocal growth structures in the centre of which chalcedonic replacement is common. Many of the smaller pisolites or pellets are structureless and may be faecal pellets or rolled fragments. Grains of radiating chalcedony occurring in the recrystallized matrix appear at times to be elastic. Ferruginous films are common around or within channels of recrystallization. Limestone, algal, clotted, micronodular, homoiolithic, mesh-crystallized. SL0178. Britrocks S34899.

Britrocks: S34899

Geoscenic: P552889 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552888 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 179 (p. 45) Dolomite. Left bank of Whittinghame Water, ¼ mile W.N.W. of Ruchlaw Mains. 1" Sheet 33; 6" East Lothian 11 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 96).

(S34900). A red colour-laminated rock, seen in thin section to be com­posed of a fine-grained aggregate of anhedral dolomite, the grains of 8 which are 0.1–0.01 mm across and are dusted with and separated by red limonite. The colour lamination corresponds to a greater or less concentration of limonite. Small rhombs of dolomite of larger size occur in sporadic cavities. Chen is abundant as irregular layers and as a pervasive infiltration; it is clearly a replacement deposit and not an infilling to fractures or cavities.

Dolomite, cherty, ferruginous, pelitomorphic to fine-grained, banded, taxichnic.

Dolomite. Left bank of Whittinghame Water, 0.25 mile west-north-west of Ruchlaw Mains. East Lothian. A red colour-laminated rock, seen in thin section to be composed of a fine-grained aggregate of anhedral dolomite, the grains of which are 0.1 - 0.01 mm across and are dusted with and separated by red limonite. The colour lamination corresponds to a greater or less concentration of limonite. Small rhombs of dolomite of larger size occur in sporadic cavities. Chert is abundant as irregular layers and as a pervasive infiltration; it is clearly a replacement deposit and not an infilling to fractures or cavities. Dolomite, cherty, ferruginous, pelitomorphic to fine-grained, banded, taxichnic. SL0179. Britrocks S34900.

Britrocks: S34900

Geoscenic: P552891 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552890 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 199 (p. 45) Limestone. Rhodes Quarry, 1 mile E. of North Berwick. 1" Sheet 41 6" East Lothian 2 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 95).

(S35064). A coarse grey limestone with calcite-filled fractures. Small aggregates of tarnished pyrite are present. The thin section shows turbid, finely divided calcite, extensively replaced by coarsely granular celestine and to a less extent by clear granular calcite. Where the original rock is preserved it seems to have been a calcite-mudstone containing small pellets. The white veins in the rock are calcite. The celestine is recognized by its similarity to baryte in its optical properties and by imparting a crimson-coloured flame to the bunsen. The rock contains 25 per cent of matter which is insoluble in cold dilute HCl and practically all of this is celestine. There is also some possibly carbonaceous matter and a very little quartz and chalcedony. The celestine fragments have a blue tinge without appreciable change in absorption on rotation in polarized light.

Limestone, micrograined, extensively replaced by celestine.

Other specimens from Rhodes Quarry were analysed to determine the percentage of strontium sulphate with results as follows:—

a. S.E. face of quarry, 120 ft N.E. of S.E. corner. Lab. No. M27107; SrSO4, 0.32%. The rock ((S35146)) is a brownish-grey dolomitic lime­stone in which large plates of calcite enclose and cement aggregates of dolomite grains. Celestine was not observed.

b. S.W. face, 120 ft from S.E. corner, bottom 3 ft. Lab. No. M27108; SrSO4, 0.66%. A fine-grained, turbid calcilutite (S35150). Celestine was not observed.

c. as (b); 6 ft from base and 11 ft from base.. Lab. No. M27109; SrSO4, 7.45%. The rock from 6 ft above the base (S35151) consists of an extremely fine aggregate of calcite dolomitized along irregular chan­nels which are frequently expanded into spaces the centres of which are either empty or filled with kaolin. There are also large cracks which are filled by calcite and celestine. Celestine sometimes is in idiomorphic tables or blades surrounded by calcite, sometimes forms bladed aggre­gates filling the vein. Less regular bodies of celestine and calcite enclose small pieces of the calcilutite bordered by dolomite and appear to be replacements, though doubtless connected with the veins. The rock from 11 ft above the base (S35152) is a turbid calcilutite containing fragments of very fine-grained rock of the same type. The matrix is patchily recrystallized and is permeated by a considerable quantity of celestine which seems to have replaced the recrystallized calcite and now encloses the turbid calcite.

d. As (b); 14 ft from base. Lab. No. M27110; SrSO4, 14.03%. The rock (S35153) consists of a brown pelitomorphic aggregate of carbonate which develops perfect rhombic shapes against the numerous cavities and later fillings. Many of the cavities are filled by coarsely crystalline clear calcite and tables of celestine. The latter is always idiomorphic and presents sharp domal as well as basal faces to the calcite. Where calcite is absent the celestine moulds itself on the carbonate aggregate and develops good faces in the cavities. These coarsely crystalline minerals enclose spots of the brown carbonate aggregate which suggests that they are not only filling cavities but also replacing the pelitomorphic carbonate.

Britrocks: S35064

Geoscenic: P552937 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552936 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Carboniferous Limestone Series

Lower Limestone Group

Long Craig Upper, Hurlet, Main, &C.

Ayr

SL 93 (p. 45) Hawthorn Limestone. Quarry at Glenmuir Limeworks, ½ mile N.E. of High Glenmuir, 4 miles E. of Cumnock. 1" Sheet 15; 6" Ayr. 36 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 70).

(S34559). Reddish-grey compact limestone. Composed of small debris of shells, crinoid columnals, spines, foraminifera and polyzoan fragments set in a matrix of very fine-grained calcite which is considerably re­crystallized to larger grain of 0.02–0.03 mm. In this matrix small angular grains of quartz, shreds of white and bleached micas and traces of kaolinite are accessory. Small groups, 0.2 mm across, of small crystals of siderite with oxidized borders are scattered throughout the rock. Limestone, luteous, sideritic, fine-grained, microfossiliferous, clastizoic.

Britrocks: S34559

Geoscenic: P552710 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552711 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527952 Thin section

SL 109 (p. 46) Dockra Limestone. Hessilhead Quarry, Lugton. 1" Sheet 22; 6" Ayr. 8 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 74).

(S34564). Whitish-grey limestone showing shells and spines of Productus and crinoid columnals. In thin section polyzoan zoaria, crinoid columnals, shell fragments and spines form the larger constituents in a base of fine-grained, turbid calcite which is extensively recrystallized to about 0.02–0.05 mm grain-size. A few entire ostracods, foraminiferal and thin-walled shells are present. Scarce stylolitic films with associated pyrite and traces of quartz are present.

Limestone, fine-grained, clastizoic.

Britrocks: S34564

Geoscenic: P552722 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552723 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552824 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552825 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 114 (p. 46) Hawthorn Limestone. Crossflat Burn Quarry, Muirkirk. 1" Sheet 15; 6" Ayr. 31 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 72).

(S34569). Cream-coloured limestone, very fine-grained and composed of a pelitomorphic aggregate of calcite granules, about 0.001 mm diameter, in which very small shell and polyzoan fragments and a considerable number of foraminiferal tests are seen. The rock is traversed by im-persistent cracks which have been filled with clear calcite.

Limestone, pelitomorphic, microfossiliferous, subclastizoic.

Britrocks: S34569

Geoscenic: P552732 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552733 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 149 (p. 46) Patna Limestone. Cairnshalloch Limeworks, 800 yd S.S.W. of Patna. 1" Sheet 14; 6" Ayr. 46 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 67).

(S34651). Compact buff-grey limestone with small crinoid fragments. Composed of a fine-grained base of granular carbonate (0.03 mm average grain-size) containing small, partly recrystallized organic debris. Opaque material occurs as grains of pyrite, pyritic replacement of minute fossils, and black bituminous or carbonaceous specks disseminated through the rock. Brownish calcareous clay is locally common. The organic remains include crinoid plates and many and various foraminifera, polyzoan fragments, brachiopod spines and thin-walled shells. Limestone, fine-grained, microfossiliferous, clastizoic.

Bute

Britrocks: S34651

Geoscenic: P552814 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552815 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552816 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552817 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 82 (p. 46) Corrie Limestone. Corrie Harbour, Arran. 1" Sheet 21; 6" Bute. 238 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 82).

(S34496). Reddish-lilac, rather earthy limestone with large Productus. Composed of granular calcite, about 0.1 mm grain, and numerous shell fragments many of which are completely recrystallized and their presence shown only by a pseudomorphous residue of original impurities. Polyzoan fragments and spines are also present. Limonitic clay is common as intergranular pellicles and granules; quartz grains are scarce. Limestone, argillaceous, fine-grained, zoophasmic.

East Lothian

Britrocks: S34496

Geoscenic: P552590 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552591 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527827 Hand specimen

Geoscenic: P527830 Hand specimen

SL 63 (p. 46) Long Craig Upper Limestone (probably). Quarry, Kiln Plantation, Blancc Bridge, ¾ mile E. of East Saltoun. 1" Sheet 33; 6" East Lothian 15 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 94).

(S34552). A pinkish-grey, compact limestone. Composed of debris of crinoids, shells, polyzoan zoaria and scarce spines and foraminifera in a matrix of calcite of grain 0.005 mm. Chalcedonic aggregates, limonitic replacements of siderite or ankerite and grains of quartz are sparsely distributed in the rock.

Limestone, micrograined, clastizoic.

Britrocks: S34552

Geoscenic: P552694 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552693 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 64 (p. 46) Long Craig Upper Limestone (massive band in). Shore 100 yd E. of Garlic Rock, 1 mile W. of Aberlady. 1" Sheet 33; 6" East Lothian 4 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 93).

(S34553). A grey and buff dolomite of varying grain. Dolomitized relics of crinoids, polyzoa and shells are indicated by concentration of mineral dust and granules of pyrite. In the grey part of the rock ferru­ginous films are abundant. The buff part is coarser in grain and there are pellicles of brown limonite on the grains of dolomite; these have re­fractive index ɷ about 1.690 indicative of a moderate content of iron carbonate. Aggregates of chalcedony occur sparsely within the crinoid pseudomorphs.

Ferriferous dolomite, zoophasmic, uneven mosaic, taxichnic.

Britrocks: S34553

Geoscenic: P552696 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552695 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 65 (p. 47) Long Craig Upper Limestone (probably). Quarry at Harelaw Limeworks, Longniddry station. 1" Sheet 33; 6" East Lothian 4 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 93).

(S34554). A compact, brownish-grey limestone composed of well-assorted fragments of crinoids, shells, polyzoa, spines and a few foraminifera and Calcisphaera in a fine matrix of calcite, 0.005–0.02 mm grain. Silica is present as chalcedonic filling in scarce, small limy pebbles. Pyritic replacement or infilling of polyzoan and foraminiferal tests is common.

Limestone, pelitomorphic to micrograined, microfossiliferous, clastizoic.

Britrocks: S34554

Geoscenic: P552697 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552698 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 83 (p. 47) Long Craig Upper Limestone. Oxwell Mains Limeworks, 2½ miles S.E. of Dunbar. 1" Sheet 33; 6" East Lothian 7 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 96).

(S34556). Brownish-grey compact limestone. Fragmentary shells and polyzoa and foraminifera, ostracods and spines are embedded in a base recrystallized to granular calcite of grain 0.05–0.3 mm. The base is turbid with specks of opaque and brown materials much of which is residual from the tests and shells of fossils which have been obliterated by the recrystallization of the base. Pellicles of limonitic clay coat the recrystallized calcite grains.

Limestone, fine-grained, microfossiliferous, zoichnic, granular.

Long Craig Upper Limestone. Oxwell Mains Limeworks, 2.5 miles south-east of Dunbar. East Lothian. Brownish-grey compact limestone. Fragmentary shells and polyzoa and foraminifera, ostracods and spines are embedded in a base recrystallized to granular calcite of grain 0.05 - 0.3 mm. The base is turbid with specks of opaque and brown materials much of which is residual from the tests and shells of fossils which have been obliterated by the recrystallization of the base. Pellicles of limonitic clay coat the recrystallized calcite grains. Limestone, fine-grained, microfossiliferous, zoichnic, granular. SL0083. Britrocks S34556.

Britrocks: S34556

Geoscenic: P552701 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552702 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Fife

SL 34 (p. 47) Charlestown Station Limestone. Old Quarry, W. side of Balneil Den, ¾ mile N.E. of Colinsburgh. 1" Sheet 41; 6" Fife 22 S.W.

(S34456). Massive grey, crystalline dolomite with conspicuous crinoid ossicles. Composed of subhedral rhombs of dolomite, 0.1 to 0.5 mm grain, and larger irregularly bounded crystals representing crinoid remains which though only slightly recrystallized to small rhombs are entirely dolomite. The refractive index, ɷ = 1.695 generally but oc­casionally rather higher, indicates that the dolomite is ankerite with a content of up to 10 per cent of ferrous carbonate. Limonitic matter fills interstices and in places coats the dolomite crystals. Grains of oxidized pyrite are present.

Ferriferous dolomite, medium-grained, zoophasmic, uneven mosaic.

Britrocks: S34456(a)

Geoscenic: P552512 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552513 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552514 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552515 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527803 Hand specimen

SL 37 (p. 47) Charlestown Station Limestone. Teassies Limeworks, 3 miles N. of Lundin Links station. 1" Sheet 41; 6" Fife 21 N.W.

(S34458). A grey crystalline dolomite with crinoid ossicles. Consisting of grains and rhombs of ankeritic dolomite of 0.05–0.3 mm grain-size. The refractive index, ɷ = 1.695, indicates about 20 per cent of the ferro-dolomitic component. Large grains of carbonate representing crinoid ossicles have shapeless boundaries owing to irregular replacement by smaller rhombs of dolomite but are nevertheless themselves converted to dolomite. Opaque pellicles, in part at least of pyrite, are frequent on the surface of the recrystallized carbonate grains.

Ferriferous dolomite, medium-grained, zoophasmic, uneven mosaic.

Britrocks: S34458(a)

Geoscenic: P552520 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552521 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552522 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552523 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527807 Hand specimen

SL 47 (p. 47) Charlestown Station Limestone. Old Quarries, Backfield of Ladeddie. 1" Sheet 49; 6" Fife. 14 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 110).

(S34462). A pale grey, compact limestone, slightly dolomitic, composed of fragmentary crinoid remains with abundant polyzoan relics and some granular carbonate and kaolin in the interstices. Dr. C. J. Stubblefield has recognized the polyzoa as Trepostomatous forms including the genus Tabulipora. The rock effervesces freely with cold dilute HCl and treatment in Lemberg's solution shows that the granular carbonate of the base is mostly calcite, but some is probably dolomite. A little pyrite is present.

Limestone, dolomitic, fossiliferous: encrinite.

Britrocks: S34462

Geoscenic: P552528 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552529 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552530 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552531 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527800 Hand specimen

SL 99 (p. 47) Charlestown Station Limestone. Longcraigs Quarry, West Lomond Hill. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife 19 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 106).

(S34491). Masive grey, fine-grained dolomite. Composed of granular turbid ankeritic dolomite, ɷ about 1.695, grain 0.1–0.2 mm, in which are set large circular nests of clear granular dolomite representing crinoid columnals. Pyrite is abundant.

Ferriferous dolomite, pyritic, fine-grained, zoophasmic.

Britrocks: S34491

Geoscenic: P552583 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552582 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 101 (p. 48) Charlestown Station Limestone (probably). N.E. Quarry, Bishop Hill, Lomond Hills. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife 19 S.W.

(S34493). Grey and buff, medium-grained dolomite with many cavities. Composed of coarsely granular dolomite, 1–2 mm across, with fine-grained interstitial dolomite 04 to 0.2 mm grain. Calcite is distributed in accessory amount as is shown by steady diffuse effervescence with cold dilute HCl, but the section takes no stain in Lemberg's solution. Refractive index, ɷ = 1.680 approx. shows that the dolomite is not an ankeritic variety.

Dolomite, varigrained, mosaic.

Britrocks: S34493

Geoscenic: P552586 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552587 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 236 (p. 48) Pseudobreccia Limestone (Charlestown Station?). St Monans shore, E. of harbour. 1" Sheet 41; 6" Fife 22 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 110).

(S35239). Dark brownish-grey limestone with conchoidal fracture, speckled with small crinoid columnals and impregnated with pyrite in bulbous growths from which small bud-like aggregates extend. The limestone is composed of very fine debris through which foraminifera and fragments of shells and crinoid are scattered. The matrix is re­crystallized in fine-grained calcite (0.02 mm grain-size), and the outlines of the fossils are in part lost. The pyrite appears as a spongy aggregate enclosing some unaltered fossil fragments and enters as an impregnation along with mainly carbonaceous matter, into some foraminifera and shell and polyzoan fragments. A crinoid columnal is seen in process of re­placement by pyrite. Examination by reflected light shows organic structure in the opaque pyrite aggregate. The pyritic growths are thus replacement deposits in the limestone.

Limestone, pyritic, micrograined, microfossiliferous, clastizoic, partly zoophasmic.

Britrocks: S35239

Geoscenic: P552982 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552983 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P528023 Thin section

SL 237 (p. 48) 'White Coral or Hurlet Limestone' (Charlestown Station?). St Monans shore, E. of harbour. 1" Sheet 41; 6" Fife 22 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p.110).

(S35240). Upper 6 ft. A white limestone composed of Lithostrotion. In thin section seen to be composed of corals filled with clear, granular calcite and interstitially packed with fine debris, including shell and crinoid fragments and spines, which is considerably recrystallized. Rhombs of dolomite, probably an ankeritic variety, occur both within the corals and in the interstitial packing.

Limestone, dolomitic, fossiliferous: coral limestone, with pelitomorphic, clastizoic mesostasis.

(S35241). Middle 3 ft, yellow. A white crystalline dolomite with many cavities. Composed of interfering rhombs of dolomite 0.03–0.3 mm across, mostly clear, but turbid in parts which probably represent the fine debris infilling between the corals. Circular outlines marked by a concentration of turbid dust represent coral walls, but no septa are pre­served in this way.

Dolomite, varigrained, zoophasmic, mosaic.

(S35242). Lower 6 ft or more. A white limestone with rough fracture. Composed of the debris of crinoids, thick and thin molluscan shells, ostracods, polyzoa, spines, occasional corals and foraminifera, embedded in a matrix of very fine-grained calcite which is partially recrystallized. Limestone, pelitomorphic to fine-grained, clastizoic, zoophasmic.

Britrocks: S35240

Geoscenic: P552984 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552985 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Lanark

SL 174 (p. 48) Main Limestone. Bankend Limeworks, ½ mile S.W. of Bankend. 1" Sheet 23; 6" Lanark. 37 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 138).

(S34905). A dark buff-grey limestone showing numerous productid shells and spines in hand specimen. The thin section shows large shells which are mostly arranged flatly to the bedding, numerous spines and a few foraminifera and polyzoan fragments, in a matrix of fine granular calcite of about 0.03 mm average grain-size, scantily cemented by turbid brown argillo-calcareous matter.

Limestone, argillaceous, fossiliferous, clastizoic, bedded.

Britrocks: S34905

Geoscenic: P552896 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552897 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 222 (p. 48) Main Limestone. 800 yd E.S.E. of Thorntonhall station, 3 mile W. of East Kilbridge. 1" Sheet 22; 6" Lanark. 16 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 133).

(S35080). A compact, brownish-grey limestone. Composed of the debris of shells, crinoids, productid spines and polyzoa, together with well-preserved foraminifera of various genera, in a plentiful matrix of calcite which is now crystallized in grains averaging 0.5 mm across, but of quite variable size in different portions of the rock. Bituminous, probably argillaceous matter and carbonaceous particles are widely disseminated interstitially to the calcite. The rock contains layers in which the shell and crinoid fragments are concentrated but foraminifera scarce, and the bituminous clay is gathered into fairly persistent sinuous and branching films. Foraminifera and polyzoa are usually heavily impregnated with opaque dust.

Limestone, fine-grained, microfossiliferous, clastizoic, bedded.

Britrocks: S35080

Geoscenic: P552959 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552958 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P528014 Thin section

SL 223 (p. 48) Main Limestone. Old Quarry 300 yd N.W. of Crosshouse Farm, 1½ miles S. of Hairmyres station. 1" Sheet 22; 6" Lanark. 16 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 133).

(S35081). A compact, dull brownish-grey limestone showing scattered small crinoid columnals. Composed of large and small debris of shells and crinoids, with many spines, scattered foraminifera and ostracods, scarce polyzoa and phosphatic fossil fragments, in a matrix of pelitomorphic calcite which is recrystallized to granular calcite of grain-size usually about 0.02 mm but varying up to about 0.15 mm in places. The section also contains one fragment of kaolin-filled cavernous limonite and two nodules of semi-opaque marl which may be faecal in origin. There is a considerable dissemination of ferruginous clay in the matrix and this is locally concentrated in thin black stylolitic films. Recrystalliz-ation has nearly obliterated many small organisms in the matrix and has affected some of the crinoid columnals.

Limestone, pelitomorphic, microfossiliferous, clastizoic.

Britrocks: S35081

Geoscenic: P552960 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552961 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P528015 Thin section

Midlothian

SL 19 (p. 49) Gilmerton Limestone, top (quarried). Ferniehill Quarry, Gilmerton. Sheet 32; 6" Midlothian 8 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 144).

(S34527). A dull grey, compact, fine-grained limestone composed of finely granular calcite, average grain-size about 0.02–0.04 mm, with recrystallized patches. There are a few bilabial sections of organisms and many tiny fragments of shell. Angular grains of quartz, granules of iron ore, and interstitial coatings of limonitic clay are present.

Limestone, luteous, micrograined, microclastizoichnic.

Britrocks: S34527

Geoscenic: P552637 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552638 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552640 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552639 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527783 Hand specimen

SL 20 (p. 49) Gilmerton Limestone, bottom part (mined). Locality and references as for SL 19.

(S34528). A brownish-grey, compact limestone. Composed partly of very fine-grained calcite as nodules of algal growth, partly of a compactly bedded mass of calcareous organic debris cemented by very fine-grained turbid calcite traversed by limonitic stylolitic films. The fossils present include crinoids, ostracods, polyzoa, shells, spines, and scarce phosphatic plates.

Limestone, algal, clastizoic, bedded.

Gilmerton Limestone, bottom part (mined). Ferniehill Quarry, Gilmerton. Mid Lothian. A brownish-grey, compact limestone. Composed partly of very fine-grained calcite as nodules of algal growth, partly of a compactly bedded mass of calcareous organic debris cemented by very fine-grained turbid calcite traversed by limonitic stylolitic films. The fossils present include crinoids, ostracods, polyzoa, shells, spines, and scarce phosphatic plates. Limestone, algal, clastizoic, bedded. SL0020. Britrocks S34528.

Britrocks: S34528

Geoscenic: P552641 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552642 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 46 (p. 49) Gilmerton (No. 1) Limestone. Common Hill Quarry, 670 yd S.W. of Middleton, 1" Sheet 32; 6" Midlothian 14 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 147).

(S34535). A grey and brownish, compact, fine-grained limestone with calcite-filled fractures. Composed of tiny calcareous fossils including foraminifera, spines, fragments of thin shells and pellets, accessory grains of quartz and granules of pyrite in a fine-grained turbid matrix of calcite, 0.01 grain, recrystallized extensively to clear calcite of grain 0.02 to 0.04 mm. In this base larger fragments of crinoid and shell and large spines are numerous.

Limestone, pelitomorphic to micrograined, microfossiliferous, clastizoic, zoophasmic.

Peebles

Britrocks: S34535

Geoscenic: P552658 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552657 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527945 Thin section

SL 21 (p. 49) Gilmerton (No. 1) Limestone, upper part. Whitfield Limeworks, 600 yd N.W. of Deepsykehead, 1 mile S.E. of Carlops. 1" Sheet 24; 6" Peebles. 5 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 151).

(S34542). A dull dark grey, fine-grained limestone. Composed of small 0.02 mm, grains of calcite, chips of thin shell and small spines, quartz silt up to 0.05 mm grain, granules of iron ore, and streaks and blobs of hydrocarbon cemented by turbid, very fine-grained calcite. Heated in the closed tube the powdered rock emits a small amount of oil. Limestone, luteous, bituminous, micrograined, microclastizoic, bedded.

Britrocks: S34542

Geoscenic: P552671 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552672 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 182 (p. 49) Gilmerton (No. 1) Limestone, basal 8 ft (worked). Day level 200 yd S.E. of Whim Farm. 1" Sheet 24; 6" Peebles. 5 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 152).

Cf. (S40470). A pale grey, massive limestone consisting of a base of calcite, 0.05 mm and smaller grain, in which are scattered abundantly fragments of shell and polyzoa and numerous crinoid columnals, foramini-fera and spines. Pyrite-impregnated zones, sometimes superimposed on large bryozoan fragments suggest algal structures.

Limestone, micrograined, clastizoic.

Gilmerton (No. 1) Limestone, basal 8 feet (worked). Day level 200 yards south-east of Whim Farm. Peebles. A pale grey, massive limestone consisting of a base of calcite, 0.05 mm and smaller grain, in which are scattered abundantly fragments of shell and polyzoa and numerous crinoid columnals, foraminifera and spines. Pyrite- impregnated zones, sometimes superimposed on large bryozoan fragments suggest algal structures. Limestone, micrograined, clastizoic. SL0182. Britrocks S40470.

Britrocks: S40470

Geoscenic: P553129 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553128 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 183 (p. 49) Gilmerton (No. 1) Limestone, top 3 ft of lower part. Whitfield Limeworks. Locality and references as for SL 21.

Cf. (S40472)–(S40473). Grey to dark 'grey compact limestone composed of round and angular grains of calcite, 0.02–0.05 mm across, with a cement of pelitomorphic calcite and clay. Fragments of shell are common, small crinoid columnals scattered, and pieces of phosphate scarce. Small angular quartz grains, granules of pyrite and drops of bitumen are present.

Limestone, luteous, fine-grained, clastizoichnic.

Britrocks: S40472

Geoscenic: P553130 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553131 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Britrocks: S40473

Geoscenic: P553133 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553132 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P531453 Thin section

Geoscenic: P531454 Thin section

Geoscenic: P531452 Thin section

Geoscenic: P531451 Thin section

Stirling

SL 159 (p. 50) Murrayshall (Hurlet) Limestone. Murrayshall Limeworks, Cambusbarron, 1½ miles S.W. of Stirling. 1" Sheet 29; 6" Stirling. 17 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 177).

(S34859). A black, compact, fine-grained limestone showing con-choidal fracture; specks of pyrite and crinoid columnals are sparsely distributed. Composed of a turbid, very fine-grained matrix of calcareous fossil debris, calcite granules, 0.005 mm, and probably some clay, in which are numerous fragmentary large and small shells, crinoid colum-nals, foraminifera, spines and polyzoa. Small opaque granules and wisps, fairly abundantly distributed, are largely carbonaceous, but some are of pyrite. Shreds of bleached mica are present.

Limestone, argillaceous, pelitomorphic, fossiliferous, clastizoic.

Britrocks: S34859

Geoscenic: P552884 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552885 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527998 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527839 Hand specimen

Skateraw Middle, Charleston Green

East Lothian

SL 62 (p. 50) Skateraw Middle (?) Limestone. Saltoun Limeworks, quarry south of road, ¾ mile N.W. of Saltoun. 1" Sheet 33; 6" East Lothian 14 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 94).

(S34551). A buff-grey limestone showing crinoid ossicles. Composed of the debris of calcareous organisms, including crinoids and shells with subordinate foraminifera and spines in a matrix of calcite of grain 0.02­0–0.1 mm. The shapes of the remains are becoming indefinite through general recrystallization, and are better preserved in an irregular, dark patch which is probably a faecal pellet.

Limestone, fine-grained, microfossiliferous, clastizoic.

Britrocks: S34551

Geoscenic: P552687 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552688 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527796 Hand specimen

SL 84 (p. 50) Skateraw Middle Limestone. Shore at Skateraw. 1" Sheet 33; 6" East Lothian 12 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 96).

(S34557). Pale brownish-grey limestone, showing scattered cleavage faces of calcite and dull dark greenish specks. The rock is composed of the debris of shells, spines, occasional Calcisphaera, foraminifera, algae and scarce crinoidal remains in a very fine-grained base of calcite granules, 0.002–0.01 mm. Locally the base is recrystallized. The walls of many of the fossil fragments are impregnated with pyrite. Bituminous matter occurs sparsely in foraminifera chambers and in small clots.

Limestone, pelitomorphic to fine-grained, microfossiliferous, clastizoic.

Britrocks: S34557

Geoscenic: P552703 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552704 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552705 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552706 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527951 Thin section

Fife

SL 100 (p. 50) Charleston Green Limestone (prob.). Wilkie's Quarry, West Lomond Hill. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife 19 N.W.

(S34492). A blue-grey limestone, composed of granular calcite, in grains 0.02-0.05 mm across, among which the shapes of fragments of shell and crinoid are poorly preserved. Brown specks visible in hand specimen are composed of dolomite with disseminated limonitic matter.

Limestone, dolomitic, fine-grained, zoophasmic.

Britrocks: S34492

Geoscenic: P552584 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552585 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527825 Hand specimen

SL 235 (p. 50) Limestone, 2 ft 6 in (Charlestown Green?). St. Monans Shore, E. of harbour. 1" Sheet 41; 6" Fife 22 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 110).

(S35238). A grey limestone with rough texture. Composed of rather coarse shell, polyzoan and crinoidal debris in a matrix of finely divided 'Calcite and small debris containing complete foraminifera, ostracods and spines and spotted with brownish probably bituminous matter. Many of the foraminifera and some shell fragments are deeply impregnated with opaque matter, which is pyritic in some cases. The powdered rock gives off heavy oil when heated in the closed tube, and in the thin section bituminous matter is abundantly distributed as short films and small clots.

Limestone, bituminous, microfossiliferous, clastizoic.

Britrocks: S35238

Geoscenic: P552980 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552981 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P528022 Thin section

Kinross

SL 103 (p. 50) Charlestown Green Limestone (prob.). White Craigs Quarry, S. shoulder of Bishop Hill. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife and Kinross. 18 S.E.

(S40337) and (S34495). A grey and brown, crystalline dolomite with large cavities. Composed of interlocking grains of dolomite, of grain varying from 0.1 to 1.5 mm, between and among which limonitic dust is widely distributed. The sample contains bands of dolomitic chert in which whole and fragmentary crinoid plates, completely dolomitized, are numerous.

Dolomite, zoophasmic, uneven mosaic, and dolomitic chert, taxichnic

Charlestown Main, North Greens, Petershill

Fife

SL 8 (p. 51) Charlestown Main Limestone. Duloch Limestone Mine, Sunnybank, 1 mile N. of Inverkeithing. 1" Sheet 32; 6" Fife 39 S.W.

(S34442). A grey-brown, finely granular dolomite, of grain-size 01 mm, in which numerous crinoid columnals remain recognizable as large crystals partly replaced by the fine-grained dolomite. Tests with acid and Lemberg's solution show that the large crystals as well as the small are dolomite. A few ghosts of other organic structure persist. Black and reddish dust frequently outlines these structures and is also con­centrated where no organic structure is recognized.

Ferriferous dolomite, medium-grained, zoophasmic, mosaic.

Britrocks: S34442

Geoscenic: P552439 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552440 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552441 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552442 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552443 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552444 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527791 Hand specimen

SL 9 (p. 51) Charlestown Main Limestone. Roscobie Quarry and mine, 3 miles N. of Dunfermline. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife 34 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 102; see also No. SL 226 p. 121).

(S34443). A very dark grey limestone containing numerous large crinoid ossicles. Unsorted complete and fragmentary crinoid ossicles, preserved in coarsely granular calcite, are embedded in a matrix of microgranular calcite and small recrystallized fossil debris. Black, carbonaceous matter is locally abundant interstitially to the calcite matrix. A small amount of dolomite is present in the larger, recrystal­lized shell fragments.

Limestone, dolomitic, varigrained, zoophasmic.

Britrocks: S34443(a)

Geoscenic: P552445 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552446 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552447 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552448 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527787 Hand specimen

SL 10 (p. 51) Charlestown Main Limestone, Chapel Quarry, about 2 miles N.W. of Kirkcaldy. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife 35 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 104; also J. Phemister and A. G. MacGregor, Mineralogical Mag., vol. xxvi, 1942, pp. 275–282. See also Nos. SL 210–215 below).

(S34444). Dark grey limestone mottled with white powdery material. (Specimen from about 6–8 ft above the quarry floor). Composed of granular carbonate, 01 mm grain-size, with debris of shells and crinoids. Nests of more coarsely granular carbonate have a dusky brown appear­ance. Lemberg's test shows that the carbonate is all calcite. Some bands of the rock are rich in tiny grains, giving square and six-sided sections, of garnet (grossular) and also in poorly shaped crystals of datolite. The largest garnet grains are about 0.08 mm across.

Limestone with calc-silicates, varigrained, zoophasmic.

E 34445. Pale grey limestone with pink and white patches. (Specimen from near the quarry floor). The rock is partly a limestone composed of organic debris with abundant echinodermal fragments. Throughout this portion grains of datolite and garnet are common. Part of the rock is more shaly, enclosing crinoid remains. This portion is brown and opaque, but near the edge of the slide it shows fibres and a multitude of minute grains and prisms with high extinction angle. 'Pectolite has been observed as the main constituent of two very thin sinuous and im-persistent veins in one of which the pectolite is locally replaced by apophyllite.' (Phemister and MacGregor, op. cit.).

Limestone with calcsilicates, fine-grained, zoichnic, bedded.

Britrocks: S34444

Britrocks: S34445(a)

Geoscenic: P552449 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552450 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552451 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552452 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552453 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552454 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552455 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552456 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552457 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552458 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552459 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552460 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552461 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552462 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552463 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552464 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552465 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552466 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552467 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552468 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552469 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552470 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552471 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552472 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552473 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552474 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552475 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552476 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552477 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552478 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527927 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527793 Hand specimen

Geoscenic: P527781 Hand specimen

SL 48 (p. 51) Charlestown Main Limestone, basal part. Cults and Pitlessie Limeworks, 4 miles S.S.W. of Cupar. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife 13 S.E.

(S34463). A dark grey, compact limestone composed of fragments of crinoids, shells and polyzoa and of foraminifera, in a fine granular calcite base. The polyzoa are often outlined in opaque matter sometimes recognizable as pyrites, and local concentrations of black, possibly carbonaceous, matter are numerous. Bitumen is present in small quantity as tiny wisps and clots.

Limestone, varigrained, microfossiliferous, in part zoophasmic, clasti zoich-nic, bedded.

Britrocks: S34463(a)

Geoscenic: P552532 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552533 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552534 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552535 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527801 Hand specimen

SL 49 (p. 51) Charlestown Main Limestone, main seam workings. Cults and Pitlessie Limeworks. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife 13 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 109)

(S34464). Brownish-grey, compact, finely granular limestone composed largely of the debris of shells, polyzoa and foraminifera in a base of small grains of calcite. Treatment in Lemberg's solution shows that the carbonate is dominantly calcite, but some turbid foraminifera and shell fragments do not stain or stain only slightly. Brown interstitial films and scraps of bitumen are abundant and grains of pyrite sparse.

Limestone, fine-grained, microfossiliferous, clastizoic.

Britrocks: S34464(a)

Geoscenic: P552536 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552537 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552538 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552539 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 50 (p. 51) 'Thin Limestone above the Hurlet' (Charlestown Main?). Old West Quarry, Forthar Old Limeworks, 1 mile E.S.E. of Freuchie. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife 20 N.W.

(S34465). A dark calcareous dolomite with Lithostrotion. The corals, com­pletely recrystallized but occasionally showing traces of septa in the form of trains of mineral particles, are set in a matrix of granular carbonate, coloured brownish by carbonaceous matter, and clear shell fragments. A little pyrite is present. The dolomite is ferriferous, the ordinary refractive index varying about 1.697. Immersion in logwood stain failed to reveal calcite, and staining by the silver nitrate-potassium chromate method as modified by H. E. Wilson produced a general pinkish stain with numerous minute points of concentration. Since the chemical analysis indicates the presence of excess calcite over the proportions required for ferriferous dolomite, the failure of the staining method to reveal discrete crystals of calcite suggests that the excess carbonate is present in solid solution in the dolomite.

Ferriferous dolomite, fine-grained, zoichnic, taxichnic.

Britrocks: S34465

Geoscenic: P552540 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552541 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552542 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552543 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552544 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552545 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527936 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527805 Hand specimen

SL 97 (p. 52) Charlestown Main Limestone (prob.). Easter Glasslie, 2½ miles N. of Leslie. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife 19 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 107).

(S34489). Grey, brownish weathering dolomite, composed of irregular, interlocking grains of turbid dolomite, 0.5–0.2 mm, with accessory pyrite and disseminated fine carbonaceous particles.

Dolomite, varigrained, zoophasmic, diacrystallic.

Britrocks: S34489(a)

Geoscenic: P552568 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552569 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552570 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552571 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552572 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552573 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527938 Thin section

SL 98 (p. 52) Charlestown Main Limestone. East Lomond Quarry, at base of East Lomond Hill, about 1¼ miles S.W. of Falkland. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife 19 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 106).

(S34490). Dark, grey, saccharoidal limestone composed of inequigranular calcite, 0.05–0.5 mm, with much opaque, argillaceous material, including oxidized pyrite and carbonaceous matter, distributed through the rock.

Limestone, argillaceous, medium grained, zoophasmic, granular.

Britrocks: S34490

Geoscenic: P552575 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552574 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 121 (p. 52) Charlestown Main Limestone. Invertiel Quarry, 1 mile S.S.W. of Kirkcaldy. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife 35 S.E.

(S34594). Pale grey, compact dolomite with argillaceous films. The thin section shows a mass of fossil fragments, mainly large and small crinoidal remains, spines, shells and thick-walled cellular structures in a finely granular cement of carbonate and opaque clay. A few thick siliceous spines, with carbonate-filled canal, are present. Granules of pyrite and shreds of carbonaceous matter are abundant.

Dolomite, argillaceous, clastizoic, bedded.

Britrocks: S34594

Geoscenic: P552780 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552781 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527815 Hand specimen

Geoscenic: P527813 Hand specimen

SL 210 (p. 52) Charlestown Main Limestone, 22–23 ft from base of quarry face. Chapel Limestone Quarry, about 2 miles N.W. of Kirkcaldy. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife. 35 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 104; also J. Phemister and A. G. MacGregor, Mineralogical Mag., vol. xxvi, 1942, pp. 275–282; see also SL 10, p. 117).

(S35900). Coarse, bluish dolomite mottled with duller, cream-coloured dolomite. The section shows dolomite in crystals up to 1.0 mm in size, mostly of irregular shape, but often showing rhomboidal angles. Inter­stitial between the grains is a patchy cement of clay aggregate, faintly yellowish-green in places and possessing a moderate birefringence. A little secondary quartz is present and pyrite occurs in small scattered grains. The dolomite usually shows undulose extinction.

Dolomite with clay aggregate, medium-grained, uneven mosaic, strained.

Britrocks: S35900

Geoscenic: P553094 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553095 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P531440 Thin section

Geoscenic: P531439 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527851 Hand specimen

SL 211 (p. 52) Charlestown Main Limestone, 12–22 ft above base of quarry face. Locality and references as for SL 210.

(S35901). Grey compact, translucent limestone, with numerous spots of a white fibrous mineral. The rock is composed of granular calcite, of 0.1–0.4 mm grain-size, together with larger grains, up to 0.5 mm long, in which the trabecular structure and axial canals of crinoids may be retained. Large plumose aggregates of prismatic and acicular pectolite are numerous. Garnet is uniformly scattered through the rock in small idio-blastic crystals up to 0.1 mm diameter, and datolite, in irregular grains, is scarce.

Limestone with calcsilicates, varigrained, zoophasmic, diacrystallic, in part granobiastic.

p>Britrocks: S35901

Geoscenic: P553097 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553096 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527854 Hand specimen

SL 212 (p. 52) Charlestown Main Limestone, 9–12 ft above base of quarry face. Locality and references as for SL 210.

(S35902). Compact grey limestone permeated with and containing compact aggregates of greenish-yellow structureless clay and also some microcrystalline greenish-white aggregates. The limestone is com­posed of granular calcite of 0.1 mm grain-size and over, with occasional relict organic structures of which the most conspicuous are foraminifera, within the chambers of which the calcite is coarsely recrystallized. Spines and occasional crinoid ossicles are also obvious. Masses of an almost opaque, finely divided clay aggregate are abundant in patches. Garnet is locally developed in dodecahedra and in irregular grains or aggregates up to 0.2 mm across and the microcrystalline greenish aggregate seen in hand specimen is largely grossular. No datolite was found.

Limestone with calcsilicates, varigrained, zoophasmic, in part granoblastic.

Britrocks: S35902

Geoscenic: P553098 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553099 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P531442 Thin section

Geoscenic: P531441 Thin section

SL 213 (p. 53) Charlestown Main Limestone, 6–9 ft above base of quarry face. Locality and references as for SL 210.

(S35903). Dull grey limestone with numerous white spots and scarcer pale green spots, and with a band in which a greenish mineral is more abundant than calcite and is streaked out parallel to the band. The lime­stone is composed of granular calcite, 0.02 mm–0.6 mm grain-size, together with numerous large grains representing crinoid ossicles. Relict organic structures are preserved by outlines in clay, and shapeless masses of opaque clay are abundant. Also aggregates of translucent cryptocrystalline, moderately birefringent material are common. No datolite or garnet was seen. The white spots seen in the specimen are not pectolite, but a finely divided flaky aggregate of moderate bire­fringence, perhaps talc. (Note: talc or steatite was identified in other specimens; see J. Phemister & A. G. MacGregor, Mineralogical Mag., vol. xxvi, 1942).

Limestone with talc, varigrained, zoophasmic.

Britrocks: S35903

Geoscenic: P553101 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553100 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527855 Hand specimen

SL 214 (p. 53) Charlestown Main Limestone, 3–6 ft above base of quarry face. Locality and references as for SL 210.

(S35904). Dark grey limestone with grey spots, passing to yellowish-grey overall with black streaks and a pale green mineral filling spaces lined with black material. The dark part is well crystallized to irregular granular calcite of varying size and uniformly permeated by brown dust or stain. This portion still contains crinoid ossicles and outlines of shells in both cases recrystallized, though the former may still be of one piece and retain trabecular structure. The paler coloured limestone is little different, except in smaller grain-size and absence of brown coloration in the calcite. Garnet (grossular) is well distributed throughout the whole rock. Only a small quantity of fine-grained, almost opaque, aggregate is present in the section.

Limestone with garnet, varigrained, zoophasmic.

Britrocks: S35904

Geoscenic: P553102 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553103 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P531444 Thin section

Geoscenic: P531445 Thin section

SL 215 (p. 53) Charlestown Main Limestone, from base to 3 ft above base of quarry face. Locality and references as for SL 210.

(S35905). Grey limestone with patches of lustreless greenish clay. The rock is composed of slightly recrystallized granular calcite, 0.02–0.2 mm, in which crinoid ossicles (not recrystallized), shells and recrystallized ostracods are numerous. There are also several foraminifera whose walls are replaced by garnet. A semi-opaque, white, fibrous aggregate forms a patchy cement and minute garnets occur singly or in aggregates in considerable quantity scattered through the rock.

Limestone with garnet, fine-grained, zoichnic.

Charlestown Main Limestone, from base to 3 feet above base of quarry face.Chapel Limestone Quarry, about 2 miles north-west of Kirkcaldy. Fife Region. Grey limestone with patches of lustreless greenish clay. The rock is composed of slightly recrystallized granular calcite, 0.02 - 0.2 mm, in which crinoid ossicles (not recrystallized), shells and recrystallized ostracods are numerous. There are also several foraminifera whose walls are replaced by garnet. A semi-opaque, white, fibrous aggregate forms a patchy cement and minute garnets occur singly or in aggregates in considerable quantity scattered through the rock. Limestone with garnet, fine-grained, zoichnic. SL0215. Britrocks S35905.

Britrocks: S35905

Geoscenic: P553104 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553105 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 224 (p. 53) Charlestown Main Limestone, higher, dolomitic part. N. end of West Quarry, Charlestown, 3 miles S.W. of Dunfermline. 1" Sheet 32; 6" Fife 38 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, pp. 101–2; see also SL 276, below).

(S35082). A buff microcrystalline dolomite with many cavities which are surrounded by iron staining. Composed of turbid grains, rhomboid and irregular 0.1–0.25 mm across, of dolomite. Diffuse curved outlines of shells and crinoid columnals are preserved as single crystals of dolomite. There are a few small irregular grains of chert and secondary quartz and of composite granular quartz probably of detrital origin. The well preserved crinoid columnals can be seen in the hand specimen. They do not react with cold dilute acid but usually active effervescence can be seen on their borders or in the canal. No calcite can be distinguished in these positions in the section. Occasionally a crinoid columnal is considerably replaced by secondary quartz in which trabecular structure may be retained.

Dolomite, varigrained, zoophasmic, holey, uneven mosaic.

Britrocks: S35082

Geoscenic: P552962 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552963 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P528016 Thin section

SL 225 (p. 53) Charlestown Main Limestone, worked portion. Locality and references as for SL 224.

(S35083). A dull, compact brownish-grey limestone. Calcite occurs filling joints. Composed of a matrix of brown clay and calcite mud filled with a calcite sand, flattened fragments of thin shells and fragments of crinoids and of shelly crinoidal limestone which has been soft when incorporated in the deposit. These limestone fragments have probably been derived from layers of clay-free calcareous debris one of which is seen in the section. In the most clayey portion of the section there are stylolitic films of carbonaceous or bituminous matter. Larger fragments of crinoid and coral are scattered in the fine-grained argillaceous lime­stone.

Limestone, argillaceous, pelitomorphic, clastizoic, bedded.

Charlestown Main Limestone, worked portion. North end of West Quarry, Charlestown, 3 miles south-west of Dunfermline. Fife Region. A dull, compact brownish-grey limestone. Calcite occurs filling joints. Composed of a matrix of brown clay and calcite mud filled with a calcite sand, flattened fragments of thin shells and fragments of crinoids and of shelly crinoidal limestone which has been soft when incorporated in the deposit. These limestone fragments have probably been derived from layers of clay-free calcareous debris one of which is seen in the section. In the most clayey portion of the section there are stylolitic films of carbonaceous or bituminous matter. Larger fragments of crinoid and coral are scattered in the fine-grained argillaceous limestone. Limestone, argillaceous, pelitomorphic, clastizoic, bedded. SL0225. Britrocks S35083.

Britrocks: S35083

Geoscenic: P552965 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552964 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 226 (p. 53) Charlestown Main Limestone, 2–5 ft above dolerite sill. Mine, at N.W. end of Roscobie Quarry. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife 33 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 103; see also SL 9 above).

(S35084). A grey limestone with a greenish tinge, with rough fracture and altered aspect. Composed of a mosaic of clear granular calcite of varying grain-size (0.01–0.2 mm). In this are scattered numerous relics of crinoid columnals and shells. The shape of the columnals is retained but the plates are recrystallized to granular aggregates. The shape of the shells is very largely lost through recrystallization. There is a con­siderable quantity of clear interstitial substance amongst the calcite mosaic. This is an aggregate of very small fibres and scales insoluble in cold dilute HCl and appears as a greenish clay when the calcite is dissolved out. When thus separated the colour of the mineral is in general pale greenish, but often yellow and occasionally brown; from its optical properties it seems to be an antigoritic chlorite. Small black grains are scattered in accessory proportions in the rock and larger grains of pyrite are scarce.

Limestone with chlorite, clastizoic, zoichnic, granular.

Britrocks: S35084

Geoscenic: P552967 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552966 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P528017 Thin section

SL 234 (p. 54) Charlestown Main Limestone (?). St. Monans shore, E. of harbour 1" Sheet 41; 6" Fife 22 S.E.

(S35237). A dull grey dolomite showing crinoid ossicles: these do not effervesce in cold dilute HCl, but a slight overall effervescence in the rock shows the dissemination of calcite. The section shows large crinoid columnals and shell fragments, the structure of which is destroyed by recrystallization, in a ground of dolomite, of grain-size 0.02–0.1 mm, coloured brown by disseminated bituminous clay. Stylolitic films separ­ate bands of debris of differing grain-size. There are a few small brown isotropic phosphatic fossil fragments. The crinoid columnals are pre­served in dolomite though generally retaining their single crystal struc­ture and enclosing small rhombs of dolomite. The dolomite is ferriferous, the ordinary refractive index being 1.695.

Ferriferous dolomite, fine-grained, clastizoichnic, taxichnic.

Britrocks: S35237

Geoscenic: P552978 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552979 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P528021 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527864 Hand specimen

Geoscenic: P527863 Hand specimen

SL 276 (p. 54) Charlestown Main Limestone, top 7 ft in N.W. corner of West Quarry, Charlestown Quarries, 3 miles S.W. of Dunfermline. 1" Sheet 32; 6" Fife 38 S.E. (see also SL 224 and SL 225 above).

(S35799). A brownish, compact dolomitized limestone, having a crystal­line appearance due to the abundance of crinoid plates. It is composed of fossil debris consisting essentially of crinoidal and polyzoan fragments; subordinate fossil components include shells, spines, foraminifera, siliceous spicules and scarce phosphatic fragments. Parts of the rock are completely dolomitized; in other parts, while the matrix is recrystal­lized in dolomite and partly replaced by quartz, the larger fossil struc­tures remain wholly or in part of calcite.

Limestone, dolomitic, fossilzferous, clastizoic.

Britrocks: S35799

Geoscenic: P553068 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553070 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553071 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553072 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553073 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553069 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P531433 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527876 Hand specimen

SL 277 (p. 54) Charlestown Main Limestone, top 1 ft 6 in. Bogie Mains Quarry, 1 mile N.W. of Kirkcaldy station. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife 35 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 105).

(S35800). Dark grey rock with white angular specks, showing a faint undulating lamination. In thin section, consists of a matrix of fine-grained silica and obscure opaque material, in which are embedded numerous bodies of round, rectangular or less regular shapes, sometimes showing relics of shell structure. These may be composed entirely of cherty silica, of silica and prochlorite, silica and dolomite, or of all three; or they may be entirely of chlorite or of dolomite. Only in one large dolomite-silica fragment was the trabecular structure of a crinoid recognized. The chlorite is pleochroic from yellow to colourless. The rock appears to be a silicified shale, originally calcareous and rich in fossil debris. The large amount of chlorite suggests that pyroclastic material formed part of the original sediment. The silica available for silicification may also have been of volcanic origin.

Dolomitic chert, bedded.

Britrocks: S35800

Geoscenic: P553074 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553075 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P531434 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527873 Hand specimen

SL 278 (p. 54) Charlestown Main Limestone, 1 ft 6 in-8 ft from top. Locality and references as for SL 277.

(S35801). A pale grey limestone with a coarse appearance due to the abundance of large crinoidal remains. Consists of large and small crinoid ossicles cemented by a matrix partly of very finely divided calcite, partly of clear granular carbonate, having the rhomboid shape of dolo­mite and with subordinate clay mineral. Small and extensive areas of silicification are numerous and black carbonaceous shreds are abundant in association with the clay.

Limestone, dolomitic, silicified, crinoidal: encrinite.

Britrocks: S35801

Geoscenic: P553076 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553077 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553078 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553079 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527872 Hand specimen

SL 279 (p. 54) Charlestown Main Limestone, top 10 ft at E. end of quarry face. Glenniston Quarry, 1 mile N. of Auchtertool. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife 35 N. W., S.W., (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 105).

(S35802). A compact, fawn-coloured dolomite with crinoid ossicles which effervesce slightly with cold dilute HCl. Composed of interlocking grains of dolomite, 01–0.2 mm across, amongst which there are single crystal dolomite replacements of crinoid ossicles and coarsely crystalline aggregates after shell casts. There is great variation in the degree of preservation of the original outline of the organic constituents, some ossicles and shell casts being perfect, while others are mere indications. Calcite was not distinguished as such, but must be fairly uniformly present through the rock on the evidence of slight overall effervescence with cold dilute HCl.

Dolomite, calcareous, varigrained, zoichnic, uneven mosaic.

Britrocks: S35802

Geoscenic: P553080 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553081 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P531435 Thin section

SL 280 (p. 54) Charlestown Main (Seafield Tower) Limestone, lowest 3½ ft. Shore S. of Seafield Tower, Kirkcaldy. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife 40 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 106).

(S35803). A brown, compact, microcrystalline dolomite showing slight overall effervescence in cold dilute HCl. Crinoid ossicles unaffected by cold dilute HCl are scattered in the rock. In thin section the rock is a dolomite of very variable grain, parts being of 0.1 mm grain-size and cemented by limonitic clay, most being about 0.2 mm grain-size, but large areas show recrystallized dolomite of grain 0.5–1.0 mm across. In this rock there is much more disseminated limonite (or limonitic clay) than in (S35802) (see SL 279 above), and because of original im­purities having impregnated the carbonate of the crinoids, the trabecular structure is extensively preserved in spite of the dolomitization, which may have completely destroyed all other evidence, including shape. Dolomite, varigrained, zoophasmic, diacrystallic, homoiolithic.

Kinross

Britrocks: S35803

Geoscenic: P553083 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553082 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P531436 Thin section

SL 102 (p. 55) Charlestown Main Limestone. Clatteringwell Quarry, Bishop Hill, about 1 mile N.E. of Kinnesswood. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife & Kinross. 18 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 129).

(S34494). Pale brownish, greenish-mottle limestone composed of crinoid and shell fragments in a fine calcareous base in which finely divided chlorite is locally abundant and tiny crystals of pyrite are universally present. The fossil fragments are greatly recrystallized, but trabecular structure is commonly preserved, even when replacement by calcite-chlorite aggregate has occurred. The residue from solution in cold dilute HCl includes grossular, forsterite, diopside, opaque spinellid, and brookite, rutile and zircon.

Limestone with chlorite, pelitomorphic, clastizoic, zoichnic.

Britrocks: S34494

Geoscenic: P552588 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552589 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527814 Hand specimen

SL 231 (p. 55) Charlestown Main Limestone, typical sample from working face. Clatteringwell Quarry. Locality and references as for SL 102.

(S35470). A blue-grey and whitish, fine-grained saccharoidal limestone, composed of granular anhedral calcite, varying irregularly in grain from 0.03 to 0.5 mm and in places showing regular changes in grain over areas which represent fossil structures. Small garnets, 0.05–0.15 mm across are common and there are some groups of small oxidized pyrite cubes.

Limestone, with garnet, varigrained, zoophasmic, in part granoblastic.

Britrocks: S35470

Geoscenic: P553057 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553056 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 232 (p. 55) Charlestown Main Limestone, from lower half of quarry face a short distance above a 200-ft quartz-dolerite sill. Clatteringwell Quarry. Locality and references as for SL 102.

(S35471), (S35472). (S35471) is a whitish fine-grained and (S35472) a blue-grey and greenish-grey saccharoidal limestone. In thin section both show numerous pseudomorphs, in granular calcite, of crinoid columnals, trabecular structure being retained and picked out by impregnations of opaque dust around the pores (S35471). Shell moulds and debris of productid spines, shelly and echinodermal material and possibly fora-minifera are present in (S35472). In the latter specimen however, colourless garnets also are abundant and there is a large amount of cementing material composed of birefringent, semi-opaque fibrous aggregate from which garnet appears to be in process of development. The garnet is a lime-garnet with a refractive index indicating about 12 per cent of the andradite molecule. The fibrous aggregate is a mixture of minerals difficult to discriminate but including chlorite, muscovite, an antigoritic mineral, and a little diopside.

Limestone, with calcsilicates, varigrained, zoophasmic, granular to granoblastic.

Britrocks: S35472

Geoscenic: P553059 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553058 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P531429 Thin section

Midlothian

SL 41 (p. 55) North Greens (No. 2) Limestone, basal 15 ft. Middleton Limeworks, Middleton. 1" Sheet 32; 6" Midlothian 14 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 146)

(S34529). Compact, grey limestone composed of finely granular calcite, 0.01–0.1 mm grain-size, enclosing debris of small shells, foraminifera, vermiform algae encrusting crinoid and shell fragments, small bodies giving horned hemispherical sections, occasional larger fragments of crinoid and shell and thin-walled bodies, apparently ostracods. Limestone, micrograined, microfossiliferous, clastizoic.

(S34530). Compact, darker grey limestone containing larger and less recrystallized organic remains than (S34529). Fragments of crinoids, large shells, foraminifera, tubular bodies, small shells and some septate small bodies are numerous; polyzoa are present. The matrix is of granular calcite, averaging 0.5 mm grain, cemented by finely divided calcite and bituminous matter, and contains occasional faecal pellets. Limestone, fine-grained, microfossiliferous, clastizoic.

Britrocks: S34529

Geoscenic: P552644 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552643 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Britrocks: S34530

Geoscenic: P552645 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552646 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 42 (p. 55) North Greens (No. 2) Limestone, upper 30 ft of bed. Middleton Quarry, 1100 yd S.W. of Middleton. References as for SL 41.

(S34531). A fine uniform grained, fawn-grey limestone, composed of recrystallized grains of calcite (0.05 mm grain-size) cemented by limon-itic clay which is locally abundant and impregnated with black matter. Isolated fragments of polyzoa, thin-walled valves and foraminifera are preserved.

Limestone, fine-grained, microfossiliferous, clastizoichnic.

Britrocks: S34531

Geoscenic: P552648 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552647 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 55 (p. 55) North Greens (No. 2) Limestone, basal mined band. Quarry on left bank of Tyne Water, 200 yd N. of Currie Lee Limeworks, 3 miles E. of Gorebridge. 1" Sheet 32; 6" Midlothian 15 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 147).

(S34536). Compact, fawn-grey limestone composed of finely triturated debris of calcareous organisms with numerous fragments of small shells and many foraminifera and scarcer spines, Calcisphaera, polyzoan and algal fragments, and small faecal pellets, in a recrystallized base of finely granular calcite.

Limestone, micrograined, microfossiliferous, clastizoichnic.

Britrocks: S34536

Geoscenic: P552659 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552660 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 56 (p. 56) North Greens (No. 2) Limestone. Quarry 400 yd N. 5° E. of D'Arcy Farm, 2¼ miles S.E. of Dalkeith. 1" Sheet 32; 6" Midlothian 8 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 147).

(S34537). Platy, dark grey, calcareous shale. The section shows a brown-stained, isotropic, argillaceous base in which are set very numerous fragments of calcareous organisms, including echinoderms and shells, prisms of calcite showing rectangular and occasional hexagonal sections, and small bodies giving circular sections. A few small grains of quartz are present and specks of carbonaceous and bituminous matter are abundant.

Calcareous shale, clastizoic.

(S34538). The section shows a more intimate mixture of argillaceous and fine calcareous material enclosing many small crinoid columnals and some shell fragments.

Calcareous shale, clastizoic.

Britrocks: S34538

Geoscenic: P552664 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552663 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Britrocks: S34537

Geoscenic: P552661 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552662 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 57 (p. 56) North Greens (No. 2) Limestone, top half of upper band. Quarry 160 yd N.W. of Northfield, Cousland Lime Workings, 2½ miles E.N.E. of Dalkeith. 1" Sheet 32; 6" Midlothian 8 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 147–8).

(S34539). A grey and brownish, earthy limestone. The section shows almost equal proportions of brown argillaceous and calcareous material, among which thin rectangular sections (possibly pieces of thin-walled shells) are prominent. Remains of crinoids, polyzoa, shells and spines can be recognized but for the most part the calcareous material is small platy debris. Angular grains of quartz and shreds of muscovite and bleached biotite are common throughout the rock.

Calcareous shale, clastizoic.

Britrocks: S34539

Geoscenic: P552665 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552666 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527946 Thin section

SL 58 (p. 56) North Greens (No. 2) Limestone, bottom half of upper band. Locality and references as for SL 57.

(S34540). A dull grey, very fine-grained limestone composed of fine debris and fragments of calcareous organisms with a considerable amount of brownish argillaceous matter. A few small crinoidal and foraminiferal remains are scattered through the rock. Small angular quartz grains are present and specks of carbonaceous and bituminous matter are evenly disseminated.

Limestone, luteous, micrograined, microclastizoic.

North Greens (No. 2) Limestone, bottom half of upper band. Quarry 160 yards north-west of Northfield, Cousland Lime Workings, 2.5 miles east-north-east of Dalkeith. Mid Lothian. A dull grey, very fine-grained limestone composed of fine debris and fragments of calcareous organisms with a considerable amount of brownish argillaceous matter. A few small crinoidal and foraminiferal remains are scattered through the rock. Small angular quartz grains are present and specks of carbonaceous and bituminous matter are evenly disseminated. Limestone, luteous, micrograined, microclastizoic. SL0058. Britrocks S34540.

Britrocks: S34540

Geoscenic: P552667 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552668 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 59 (p. 56) North Greens (No. 2) Limestone, lower massive half. Locality and references as for SL 57.

(S34541). Bedded limestone composed largely of fragments of calcareous organisms with cementing fine calcareous debris and some argillaceous and bituminous matter. Crinoids, foraminifera, shells and polyzoan fragments are numerous and lie with their flatter surfaces along the bedding.

Limestone, pelitomorphic, clastizoic, bedded.

Britrocks: S34541

Geoscenic: P552670 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552669 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527947 Thin section

SL 81 (p. 56) North Greens (No. 2) Limestone. Upper Side Quarry, 100 yd S.S.W. of Fountainside, 2½ miles S.W. of Temple. 1" Sheet 32; 6" Midlothian 20 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 146).

(S34555). Compact, dark grey limestone. Partly recrystallized fragments of thin shells, scarce foraminifera, scarce small shells filled with clear granular calcite, numerous pyrite-impregnated straight and curved fragments and very scarce polyzoan fragments are embedded in a base of very fine-grained, granular calcite and probably clay. The grain of the base increases in places to 0.03 mm size. The rock is traversed by very thin impersistent calcite-filled fractures. A few small crystals of a yellow, highly refractive, isotropic mineral taken to be sphalerite occur in a shell and a spine.

Limestone, luteous, pelitomorphic, clastizoichnic.

Britrocks: S34555

Geoscenic: P552699 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552700 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527950 Thin section

Peebles

SL 23 (p. 56) North Greens (No. 2) Limestone. Bents Quarry, 600 yd N. of Macbiehill House. 1" Sheet 24; 6" Peebles. 5 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 152)

(S34544). Fawn-grey, compact limestone composed of fragments of crinoids, shells and polyzoa in a turbid base partly of granular calcareous debris, partly pelitomorphic calcite. Foraminifera are present and these and polyzoan chambers are occasionally filled with glauconitic mineral aggregate. Pyrite and fossil phosphate are accessory. Thin calcite veins cut the rock.

Limestone, fine-grained, clastizoic.

Britrocks: S34544

Geoscenic: P552676 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552675 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527792 Hand specimen

West Lothian

SL 51 (p. 57) Petershill Limestone, near top. Quarry 1000 yd N. 5" E. of north-east end of Petershill Reservoir, near Bathgate. 1" Sheet 31; 6" West Lothian N.S. 9 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 195).

(S34446). A brown, coarse-grained limestone composed mainly of whole and fragmentary crinoid ossicles with granular calcareous debris and rhombs of dolomite, scarce shell debris and a few ooliths in the interstices. There is a little pyrite and some phosphatic material. Bituminous matter is disseminated in the interstitial carbonate.

Limestone, crinoidal: encrinite.

Britrocks: S34446(a)

Geoscenic: P552479 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552480 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552481 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552482 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 52 (p. 57) Petershill Limestone, 10 ft from top. Locality and references as for SL 51.

(S34447). Brownish-grey, compact limestone composed of calcareous debris including fragments of small shells and crinoids and numerous tests of foraminifera. A little bituminous matter is present. The matrix is of finely divided calcite in process of recrystallization.

Limestone, micrograined, microfossiliferous, clastizoic.

Britrocks: S34447A

Geoscenic: P553148 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553149 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Britrocks: S34447

Geoscenic: P552483 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552484 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552485 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527928 Thin section

SL 53 (p. 57) Petershill Limestone, lower part. Locality and references as for SL 51

(S34448). A dark grey, coarse-grained limestone composed of crinoid and shell debris, the latter partly incorporated in the recrystallized base of granular calcite.

Limestone, crinoidal: encrinite.

Petershill Limestone, lower part. Quarry 1000 yards north 5 degrees east of north-east end of Petershill Reservoir, near Bathgate. West Lothian. A dark grey, coarse-grained limestone composed of crinoid and shell debris, the latter partly incorporated in the recrystallized base of granular calcite. Limestone, crinoidal: encrinite. SL0053. Britrocks S34448(a).

Britrocks: S34448(a)

Geoscenic: P552486 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552487 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552488 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552489 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527794 Hand specimen

Limestones of the Hosie Group

Fife

SL 233 (p. 57) 'Hosie Limestone' (?). St. Monans shore E. of harbour. 1" Sheet 41; 6" Fife 22 S.E.

(S35236). A dull brownish-grey fine-grained dolomite with many small cavities. The section shows numerous dolomitized fossil relics in­cluding shell and crinoid fragments, small gastropod shells, round bodies and scarce fragments of ostracods and possibly of polyzoa, in a matrix of fine debris which has been converted to dolomite of grain-size about 0.01 mm. Ferriferous dolomite of grain up to 0.2 mm occurs in irregular small patches. Pyrite impregnates some of the crinoids, gastropods and other shell fragments.

Ferriferous dolomite, micrograined, clastizoic, taxichnic

Britrocks: S35236

Geoscenic: P552977 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552976 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P528020 Thin section

SL 281 (p. 57) Mid-Kinniny Limestone (prob.) Old Limestone mine, Luscar, Garnock. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife 33 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 103).

(S35804). Dark grey crystalline limestone. In section seen to be a recrystallized limestone of grain-size 0.1–0.5 mm. The original structure is almost entirely destroyed, but in places trabecular structure is preserved by the presence of powdery impurities. The argillaceous and carbonaceous impurities of the limestone are not well segregated in spite of extensive recrystallization, and largely remain inside the new grains. A small aggregate of granular apatite was noted, perhaps from its long slender shape replacing a fish spine. A little pyrite is present. Limestone, varigrained, zoophasmic, clastizoic, in part granoblastic.

Britrocks: S35804

Geoscenic: P553085 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553084 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Midlothian

SL 43 (p. 57) Bilston Burn (No. 3) Limestone, main quarried band. Quarry, Esperston Limeworks, 660 yd N.E. of Esperston. 1" Sheet 32; 6" Midlothian 20 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 146).

(S34532). Dark grey, fine-grained limestone containing fragments of small shells and polyzoa (outlined by pyrite) and foraminifera. The matrix is of granular calcite, 0.01 to 0.03 mm grain, and the more complete shells are filled with coarser calcite.

Limestone, micrograined, microfossiliferous, clastizoichnic.

Britrocks: S34532

Geoscenic: P552650 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552649 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527802 Hand specimen

SL 44 (p. 58) Bilston Burn (No. 3) Limestone, 3 ft dolomitic band at top. Locality and references as for SL 43.

(S34533). Dark grey, fine-grained, granular dolomite, of 0.05 mm grain-size, containing remains of small shells and crinoids. Treatment with Lemberg's solution and by the silver nitrate-potassium chromate reaction show no calcite. There is much opaque carbonaceous matter, and perhaps pyrite also, apparently concentrated at the location of former microfossils. The dolomite is ankeritic with ɷ = 1.690.

Ferriferous dolomite, fine-grained, zoophasmic, uneven mosaic.

Britrocks: S34533(a)

Geoscenic: P552651 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552652 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552653 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552654 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 45 (p. 58) Bilston Burn (No. 3) Limestone (?), deep seated, weathered limestone. Esperston Limeworks, as SL 43.

(S34534). Pale buff, very fine-grained limestone with brown bituminous films. Composed of finely granular calcite (0.01 mm grain) enclosing numerous shell fragments which are often flat or flattened along the bedding. Clay is sometimes recognizable in small aggregates as kaolin. Quartz is rarely distinguishable as small grains, 0.01 mm, but many feebly birefringent aggregates may be more finely divided quartz. Shreds of bituminous and limonitic matter are common and limonite replaces scattered rhombs of siderite.

Limestone, argillaceous, micrograined, fossiliferous, clastizoic, bedded.

Britrocks: S34534

Geoscenic: P552656 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552655 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527802 Hand specimen

Peebles

SL 22 (p. 58) Bilston Burn (No. 3) Limestone. In stream, 800 yd E. of Deepsykehead. 1" Sheet 24; 6" Peebles. 5 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 151).

(S34543). A dull dark grey, brown-mottled dolomite. Composed of granular and semi-recrystallized dolomite, of grain 0.01–0.1 mm, in which thin-walled shell fragments are present. Angular quartz grains are abundant; muscovite, biotite, iron ore, brown phosphatic fossil fragments, shreds of carbonaceous matter and grains of pyrite are accessory. A few large crinoid fragments are still calcite and enclose small rhombs of dolomite.

Dolomite, calcareous, arenaceous, fine-grained, clastizoic.

Britrocks: S34543

Geoscenic: P552674 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552673 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527790 Hand specimen

Lower Limestone Group, unclassified

Dumfries

SL 264 (p. 58) Limestone. Quarry, Blackwoodridge Limeworks, 50 yd S. of Blackwoodridge Farm, 1 mile S. of Waterbeck. 1" Sheet 10; 6" Dumfries. 52 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 90).

(S35468). A reddish, compact limestone, effervescing moderately freely with cold dilute HCI, with duller red bands which effervesce freely. In thin section the more crystalline part is seen to be composed of anhedral grains of calcite about 0.05–0.1 mm across, among which are preserved relics of fossil structures. The duller red portion is composed of fossil debris, including foraminifera, shell and crinoid fragments, ostracod shells, productid spines, scarce algal nodules and coral. The matrix is recrystallized to fine-grained granular calcite, and red iron ore is abundantly disseminated through it. There may be a little dolomite in the matrix, as some grains give rhomboid sections.

Limestone, micrograined, microfossiliferous, clastizoic, in part zoophasmic.

Geoscenic: P531428 Thin section

SL 265 (p. 58) Limestone. Quarry 400 yd S. of Blackwoodridge Farm. References as for SL 264.

(S35469). A compact, whitish-buff limestone, composed of the debris of shells and crinoids, many species of foraminifera, ostracod and polyzoan fragments, occasional productid spines and rhombs of oxidized ankerite cemented by scanty finely divided calcite which in places is entirely of algal origin.

Limestone, fine-grained, microfossiliferous, clastizoic.

East Lothian

Britrocks: S35469

Geoscenic: P553054 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553055 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 60 (p. 58) Limestone. Quarry, Jerusalem Limeworks, 2 miles S. of Gladsmuir. 1" Sheet 33; 6" East Lothian 9 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 94).

(S34549). A dull brownish-grey argillaceous limestone composed of finely divided calcite debris and small organic fragments with probably some argillaceous admixture; occasional tiny pockets of kaolin and grains of quartz are seen. Specks of carbonaceous matter and grains of pyrite are sparsely distributed.

Limestone, argillaceous, pelitomorphic, microclastizoic.

Limestone. Quarry, Jerusalem Limeworks, 2 miles south of Gladsmuir East Lothian. A dull brownish-grey argillaceous limestone composed of finely divided calcite debris and small organic fragments with probably some argillaceous admixture; occasional tiny pockets of kaolin and grains of quartz are seen. Specks of carbonaceous matter and grains of pyrite are sparsely distributed. Limestone, argillaceous, pelitomorphic, microclastizoic. SL0060. Britrocks S34549.

Britrocks: S34549

Geoscenic: P552685 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552686 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 197 (p. 59) Limestone (probably Long Craig Lower). Lennoxlove, 1 mile S. of Haddington. 1" Sheet 33; 6" East Lothian 10 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 96).

(S35062). Grey compact limestone, composed of small grains (0.02–0.05 mm grain-size) of carbonate, which are always coated, more or less thickly, with turbid argillaceous matter and cemented by more finely divided calcite. Specks up to 0.03 mm in size of opaque material are numerous, and are mainly of black carbonaceous matter but include pyrite.

Limestone, argillaceous, fine-grained, granular.

Britrocks: S35062

Geoscenic: P552933 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552932 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Upper Limestone Group

Index Limestone
Ayr

SL 95 (p. 59) Index Limestone. 300 yd S. of High Polquhirter, 1 mile S.E. of New Cumnock. 1" Sheet 15; 6" Ayr. 42 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, pp. 69–70)

(S34561). Dull, brownish-grey, fine-grained dolomite. Composed of granular dolomite, about 0.1 mm grain which is turbid with amorphous dust and speckled with opaque brown material, perhaps limonite. The dolomite is ankeritic with ɷ = 1.690. The section shows a number of fragmentary fossils which have been recrystallized and filled in with coarse carbonate. Staining by the silver nitrate—potassium chromate method shows that this carbonate as well as coarse material in cracks is dolomite, calcite being present only as specks distributed abundantly in and throughout the dolomite of the matrix. A small quantity of bitumen is present, mainly along stylolitic films, and also a little pyrite.

Dolomite, varigrained, zoophasmic.

Britrocks: S34561

Geoscenic: P552714 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552715 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552716 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552717 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552718 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552719 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527954 Thin section

SL 150 (p. 59) Index Limestone. Keirs Glen, just below Keirs Farm. 1" Sheet 14; 6" Ayr. 46 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 67).

(S34652). Dull grey argillaceous limestone. Fragments of medium and small shells, a few foraminiferal and crinoidal remains are enclosed in a turbid base composed of shapeless calcite, probably with a clay admixture and numerous small rhombs of ferriferous carbonate. Locally, small aggregates of scaly kaolinite can be distinguished. The small rhombs show by their acute form and their refractive index that the mineral approaches siderite in composition (probably about 80% FeCO3). Pyrite, carbonaceous and bituminous matter, and some limonite and quartz are present.

Limestone, argillaceous, sideritic, micrograined, microclastizoic.

Britrocks: S34652

Geoscenic: P552818 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552819 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552820 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552821 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527980 Thin section

SL 196 (p. 59) Index (Highfield) Limestone. Mine-mouth, 100 yd S.E. of Goldcraig, 1½ miles N.E. of Kilwinning. 1" Sheet 22; 6" Ayr. 12 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 76).

(S34973). A grey compact limestone, composed of finely granular calcite (0.01-0.02 mm grain-size) with some argillaceous and, in places, sparse bituminous cement. In this ground are scattered foraminifera, small polyzoan fragments, echinoid and shell chips, spines and scarce complete small ostracods. Many of the fragments are partially replaced by finely divided pyrite.

Limestone, micrograined, microfossiliferous, clasti zoichnic.

Britrocks: S34973

Geoscenic: P552930 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552931 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Fife

SL 118 (p. 59) Index Limestone. Lochhead Quarry, 1½ miles north of Dunfermline. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife 33 S.E. (See 'Economic Geology of the Fife Coalfields, Area I', Mem. Geol. Surv., 1931, p. 133).

(S34591). Brownish compact dolomite with cavities lined by dolomite rhombs. Composed of finely granular ankeritic dolomite, of grain 0.01­0.03 mm, and having the ordinary refractive index ranging about 1.70. Fragments of shells and crinoids are replaced by coarser dolomite. Angular quartz grains 0.1 mm in length are abundant, and shreds of muscovite, grains of pyrite and carbonaceous particles accessory. The section contains a thin convexo-concave lens of deep brown isotropic fossil phosphate.

Ferriferous dolomite, arenaceous, pelitomorphic, zoophasmic.

Britrocks: S34591

Geoscenic: P552774 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552775 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Lyoncross Group

Ayr

SL 151 (p. 59) Keirs Limestone. Quarry 830 yd S.E. of Keirs Farm. 1" Sheet 14; 6" Ayr. 46 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 68).

(S34653). Dull grey compact limestone, composed of a matrix of fine-grained calcite, of minute grain and probably admixed with clay, in which fragments of shells are abundant and quartz grains are scattered. Small shelly and crinoidal fragments and rare foraminifera are the main larger constituents. Brown opaque streaks, carbonaceous or bituminous, are abundant, and pyrite is present in places.

Limestone, luteous, micrograined, microclastizoic, bedded.

Britrocks: S34653

Geoscenic: P552823 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552822 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Orchard Group

Ayr

SL 112 (p. 60) Lower Linn Limestone. Caaf Water, Linn Bridge, Dairy. 1" Sheet 22; 6" Ayr. 11 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 42).

(S34567). Bluish-grey, compact limestone or limy mudstone. Consists of a base of clear and brown minutely granular calcite in which small, uniformly sized, chips of calcite and, occasionally, small crinoid columnals and shell fragments are set along with small grains of quartz, flakes of muscovite and bleached mica, specks of carbonaceous and bituminous matter and grains of pyrite.

Calcareous mudstone.

Lower Linn Limestone. Caaf Water, Linn Bridge, Dalry. Ayr. Bluish-grey, compact limestone or limy mudstone. Consists of a base of clear and brown minutely granular calcite in which small, uniformly sized, chips of calcite and, occasionally, small crinoid columnals and shell fragments are set along with small grains of quartz, flakes of muscovite and bleached mica, specks of carbonaceous and bituminous matter and grains of pyrite. Calcareous mudstone. SL0112. Britrocks S34567.

Britrocks: S34567

Geoscenic: P552728 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552729 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Calmy Group

Ayr

SL 92 (p. 60) Calmy Limestone. Quarry at Benston Limeworks, 3 miles N.W. of New Cumnock. 1" Sheet 14; 6" Ayr. 41 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 70).

(S34558). Dull greenish-grey, very compact limestone. Composed of an intimate mixture of minutely granular calcite and recrystallized granular calcite (0.02–0.03 mm grain-size). Interstitial material, turbid brown in transmitted light but dirty white in reflected light, is abundant and is perhaps clay; the chemical analysis indicates that much of it must be silica of clay grade. Small crinoid columnals and shell fragments are sporadic and there are a few small grains of quartz. The rock is tra­versed by thin calcite-filled cracks.

Limestone, luteous, micrograined, microclastizoichnic.

Britrocks: S34558

Geoscenic: P552707 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552708 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552709 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 111 (p. 60) Upper Linn Limestone. Lynn Quarry, Linn Spout, Dalry. 1" Sheet 22; 6" Ayr. 11 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 75–6).

(S34566). Grey compact limestone, containing Spirifer. Composed of uniformly grained calcite (0.05 mm grain-size) in which a few fragments of thick shells are embedded. The base has been completely recrystallized and the presence of former microfossils is indicated by some diffuse turbid outlines. There is local opaque white interstitial clay material. Limestone, fine-grained, zoophasmic, granular.

Britrocks: S34566(a)

Geoscenic: P552724 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552725 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552726 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552727 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 113 (p. 60) Blue Tour (Calmy) Limestone. At railway bridge, Garpel Water, Muirkirk. 1" Sheet 15; 6" Ayr. 30 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 71).

(S34568). Blue-grey, very compact limestone, very fine-grained, with calcite granules about 0.01–0.03 mm in size. The smaller granules have a general turbid appearance, while the larger grains are separated by interstitial brownish cement, probably calcareo-argillaceous in com­position. Scarce shell and crinoid fragments are recognizable and some diffuse outlines of small fossils can be seen.

Limestone, micrograined, microclastizoichnic.

Britrocks: S34568

Geoscenic: P552731 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552730 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Fife

SL 117 (p. 60) Jenny Pate Limestone. Sandydub old quarry, 1 mile W. of Saline. 1" Sheet 39; 6" Fife 33 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 43).

(S34590). Dull grey, compact dolomite. Small relics of shells, crinoids and foraminifera are scattered rather sparsely in a matrix of turbid granular dolomite of grain 0.01 mm. The foraminifera are preserved as casts the chambers being filled by pyrites while the walls are recrystal­lized as dolomite indistinguishable from the matrix. The shell and crinoid fragments, though partly replaced by pyrite, retain the original organic fabric and are probably still calcite. Angular grains of quartz, 0.05 mm across, and carbonaceous particles are scarce. The dolomite is ferriferous and its ordinary refractive index while generally between 1.685 and 1.690, may reach 1.695.

Ferriferous dolomite, luteous, micrograined, zoophasmic.

Britrocks: S34590

Geoscenic: P552772 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552773 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527971 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527819 Hand specimen

SL 119 (p. 60) Jenny Pate Limestone. Foreshore immediately W. of Culross. 1" Sheet 39; 6" Fife 37 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 43).

(S34592). Grey, very fine-grained dolomite with conchoidal fracture. Composed of granular dolomite, of 0.01 mm grain, of a ferriferous variety with the ordinary refractive index variable and reaching fully 1.695, corresponding to about 20 per cent of ferrodolomite. The rock contains a few scattered fossil fragments, some of which are recrystallized while others retain the original organic fabric. Argillaceous matter renders the dolomite turbid; tiny pebbles and grains of quartz and carbonaceous particles are present.

Ferriferous dolomite, luteous, micrograined, zoophasmic.

Jenny Pate Limestone. Foreshore immediately west of Culross. Fife Region. Grey, very fine-grained dolomite with conchoidal fracture. Composed of granular dolomite, of 0.01 mm grain, of a ferriferous variety with the ordinary refractive index variable and reaching fully 1.695, corresponding to about 20 per cent of ferrodolomite. The rock contains a few scattered fossil fragments, some of which are recrystallized while others retain the original organic fabric. Argillaceous matter renders the dolomite turbid; tiny pebbles and grains of quartz and carbonaceous particles are present. Ferriferous dolomite, luteous, micrograined, zoophasmic. SL0119. Britrocks S34592.

Britrocks: S34592

Geoscenic: P552776 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552777 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527823 Hand specimen

Renfrew

SL 140 (p. 61) Arden (Calmy Limestone, top post). The more southerly of Darnley Quarries, about 1 mile S.E. of Nitshill station. 1" Sheet 30; 6" Renfrew. 12 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, pp. 161–2).

(S34626). Medium-grey, dull compact limestone, composed of a brown­ish semi-opaque base of carbonate (calcite) and clay material, sometimes patchily concentrated. In this lie scattered small calcareous fragments of fossils, scarce phosphatic fossil fragments and very numerous small rhomboid crystals, 0.02 mm across, of dolomite. A little pyrite and carbonaceous matter are present. The abundant residue after treatment with cold dilute HCl is mainly a mixture of amorphous clay with some kaolinite and muscovite.

Limestone, dolomite, luteous, micrograined, subclastizoic.

Britrocks: S34626(a)

Geoscenic: P552794 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552795 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552796 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552797 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 141 (p. 61) Arden (Calmy) Limestone, middle and bottom posts. Locality and references as for SL 140.

(S34627). Grey compact, uniformly fine-grained limestone with sharp angular fracture. Small shelly and crinoidal fragments are scattered rather sparsely through a very fine-grained turbid base composed of finely divided carbonate and clay and numerous small grains and rhombs of carbonate up to 02 mm across. These are possibly dolomite but because of the low proportion of MgO shown by chemical analysis it is possible that they are cleavage fragments of calcite. Calcisphaera and foraminifera are also present. Grains of pyrite and quartz are scarce. Limestone, luteous, micro-grained, subclastizoic.

Britrocks: S34627

Geoscenic: P552798 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552799 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Castlecary Limestone

Fife

SL 36 (p. 61) Castlecary Limestone. Thomsford Bridge, Hatton, 1½ miles N. of Lundin  Links station. 1" Sheet 41; 6" Fife 21 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 43)

(S34457). A buff-grey dolomite with many cavities. Crinoid columnals and shell fragments are numerous in a matrix of dolomite of 0.2 mm grain. The columnals are in general preserved as single crystals of dolomite but marginally recrystallized with the matrix. The dolomite is slightly ferriferous with ɷ approx. 1.688. Bituminous matter is abundant along thin seams; pyrite also is present as strings along some bedding divisions and quartz is sporadic.

Dolomite, bituminous, varigrained, zoichnic, taxichnic.

Britrocks: S34457(a)

Geoscenic: P552516 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552517 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552518 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552519 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527804 Hand specimen

SL 115 (p. 61) Castlecary Limestone, upper leaf. Black Devon at North Shaw Wood, 1½ miles W. of Saline. 1" Sheet 39; 6" Fife 33 N.W.

(S34588). Pale bluish-grey, dull, compact dolomite. It is composed of dolomitized fragments of large shells in a matrix of dolomite-quartz sandstone. The shells show so sharp a difference in coarseness of dolomite recrystallization, 0.2 mm grain size, from that of the matrix 0.04 mm, that they may represent a period of dolomitization prior to their accumulation as detrital grains in the present sediment. Some of the fragments look like dolomite-rock rather than shells. The matrix is composed of granular dolomite without rhomboid shape, small and angular grains of quartz, many streaks of dark material, probably de composed rock or feldspar, abundant pyrite and some pyritized car­bonaceous material. The dolomite is ankeritic with ɷ varying about 1.700 and reaching 1.712, the higher values being shown by the coarser clear carbonate.

Ferriferous dolomite, arenaceous, zoichnic, taxichnic.

Britrocks: S34588

Geoscenic: P552768 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552769 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527970 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527821 Hand specimen

SL 116 (p. 61) Castlecary Limestone, lower leaf. Locality and references as for SL 115.

(S34589). Darkish grey sandy dolomite. In section the rock is seen to be a sandstone composed of subangular grains of quartz cemented by amorphous material containing small aggregates of pyrite granules. This gives place to dolomite in patches, the dolomite being optically continuous over small areas. Scarce alkali-feldspar grains are present; zircon and tourmaline are accessory. Pyrite is abundant.

Dolomitic sandstone, subpoikilocrystallic.

Castlecary Limestone, upper leaf. Black Devon at North Shaw Wood, 1.5 miles west of Saline. Fife Region. Darkish grey sandy dolomite. In section the rock is seen to be a sandstone composed of subangular grains of quartz cemented by amorphous material containing small aggregates of pyrite granules. This gives place to dolomite in patches, the dolomite being optically continuous over small areas. Scarce alkali-feldspar grains are present; zircon and tourmaline are accessory. Pyrite is abundant. Dolomitic sandstone, subpoikilocrystallic. SL0116. Britrocks S34589.

Britrocks: S34589

Geoscenic: P552771 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552770 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 120 (p. 61) Castlecary Limestone. Caviehall old mine, 1 mile W. of Culross. 1" Sheet 39; 6" Fife 37 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 43).

(S34593). Brownish-grey, coarsely crystalline dolomite. Composed of granular and rhomboid dolomite of varying grain-size, 0.2–0.6 mm with ghost relics of organic fragments, some of which are large and equidimensional and probably represent crinoid plates; others are composed of opaque dust so arranged as to indicate the fibrous texture of shells. A typical stylolitic film traverses the rock and grains of dolomite grow across it. The dolomite is ferriferous with ɷ = 1.690.

Ferriferous dolomite, varigrained, zoophasmic, uneven mosaic.

Kinross–Perth

Britrocks: S34593

Geoscenic: P552779 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552778 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527972 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527820 Hand specimen

SL 7 (p. 62) Vicars Bridge (Castlecary) Limestone. River Devon, 1¾ miles E. of Dollar. 1" Sheet 39; 6" Fife & Kinross. 24 S.W., Perth. & Clackmannan. 134 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 43).

(S34441). An even grained dolomite, pale brown in tint but with dark laminae. Composed of interlocking rhomboid grains of dolomite, 0.1­0.3 mm across, with some larger, irregular grains. The dolomite is turbid with minute mineral inclusions; shreds of limonite are common and very small grains of quartz are scarce. The dolomite is a ferriferous variety having the ordinary refractive index ɷ = 1.695.

Ferriferous dolomite, medium-grained, zoophasmic, mosaic.

Britrocks: S34441(a)

Geoscenic: P552427 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552428 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552429 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552430 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552431 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552432 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552433 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552434 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552435 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552436 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552437 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552438 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527789 Hand specimen

Coal Measures

Barren Red Measures

Ayr

SL 96 (p. 62) Binney's Spirorbis Limestone. Right bank of River Ayr, 330 yd S. of Ballochmyle House, near Catrine. 1" Sheet 14; 6" Ayr. 29 S.W. (See 'Geology of Central Ayrshire', Mem. Geol. Surv., 1949, p. 94).

(S34562). Pale, flesh-coloured, compact limestone. Fine-grained lime­stone, composed of a semi-opaque aggregate of calcite granules 0.005 mm grain-size, with small areas of coarsely crystalline calcite and thin impersistent calcite-filled fractures. Rarely the calcite-filled areas have the thin corrugated or the smooth walls of Spirorbis or ostracods respec­tively.

Limestone, pelitomorphic, subfossiliferous.

Britrocks: S34562

Geoscenic: P552720 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552721 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Jurassic

Rhaetic

Argyll

SL 227 (p. 62) Calcareous sandstone. Allt na Teangaidh, 500 yd N.E. of Balmeanach, Gribun, Mull. 1" Sheet 43; 6" Argyll. 94 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 52). (S35085). A dark, fine-grained, rough rock, containing many small aggregates of finely divided pyrite. Composed of angular grains of quartz and subordinate, but abundant albite, in a matrix of brownish calcite which tends to form large irregular grains enveloping several grains of quartz. Orthoclase is an accessory constituent, as are muscovite and scarce phosphatic fossil fragments and grains of garnet, zircon and rutile. Thin-walled shell fragments are common. Pyrite and carbon­aceous matter are abundant. The former is mostly in small grains and streaks, but locally forms large lumps enclosing many quartz grains. The carbonaceous matter is black in reflected light, brown in transmitted light and in some larger fragments looks like wood. Dolomite appears in minor amount as rhombs of 0.1 mm size, in the calcite, and may be a very early if not a primary constituent.

Limestone, arenaceous, fossiliferous, poikilocrystallic.

Britrocks: S35085

Geoscenic: P552968 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552969 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P528018 Thin section

Liassic

Argyll

SL 89 (p. 62) Lower Lias limestone, lower solid portion. Loch Aline Quarry at mouth of Allt na Samhnachain, E. side of Loch Aline. 1" Sheet 44; 6" Argyll.

70 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, pp. 57–8).

(S34484). A dull, compact, blue-grey limestone composed of unsorted echinodermal and shell fragments in a matrix of fine-grained calcite, 0.005 mm across, containing numerous angular quartz grains and shreds of carbonaceous matter, some pyrite, and scarce fossil phosphate and muscovite, glauconite and biotite.

Limestone, luteous, micrograined, clastizoic.

Britrocks: S34484

Geoscenic: P552562 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552563 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527826 Hand specimen

SL 90 (p. 62) Lower Lias limestone, upper fossiliferous portion. Locality and references as for SL 89.

(S34485). A pale grey, compact limestone composed of fine-grained calcite, 0.005 mm across, in which numerous angular quartz grains, up to 0.1 mm across, and small shells and shell fragments are set. Long thin pieces of phosphatic shell, carbonaceous shreds, and granules of pyrite, often oxidized, are common.

Limestone, luteous, pelitomorphic, clastizoic.

Lower Lias limestone, upper fossiliferous portion. Loch Aline Quarry at mouth of Allt na Samhnachain, east side of Loch Aline. Lower Lias limestone, Skye (Inverness). A pale grey, compact limestone composed of fine-grained calcite, 0.005 mm across, in which numerous angular quartz grains, up to 0.1 mm across, and small shells and shell fragments are set. Long thin pieces of phosphatic shell, carbonaceous shreds, and granules of pyrite, often oxidized, are common. Limestone, luteous, pelitomorphic, clastizoic. SL0090. Britrocks S34485.

Britrocks: S34485

Geoscenic: P552565 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552564 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Inverness. (Skye)

SL 242 (p. 62) Lower Lias limestone. W. outcrop of limestone in Ant Eas Mhor, Sconser, Skye. 1" Sheet 71; 6" Inverness. ( Skye) 35 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p..123–4)

(S35342). A dark grey limestone with a brecciated appearance in parts and veined by calcite. In thin section the rock is seen to be essentially a dark calcite-mudstone of very fine grain, about 0.003 mm, containing fragments of shells of very varying size down to embryo forms. The shells are considerably recrystallized, but the original fibrous structure is indicated by streaks of dust. Patches of coarsely recrystallized clear calcite represent in most cases fragments of large thick shells. Limestone, argillaceous, pelitomorphic, fossiliferous, zoichnic.

Britrocks: S35342

Geoscenic: P553022 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553023 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P531422 Thin section

Geoscenic: P531421 Thin section

Geoscenic: P528032 Thin section

Geoscenic: P528033 Thin section

SL 250 (p. 63) Lower Lias limestone. Just north of crossing of the Broadford-Heast road over the Allt a'Choire, Skye. 1" Sheet 71; 6" Inverness. (Skye) 46 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 124).

(S35350). A dull grey, compact limestone containing veins of brownish-grey carbonate which are cut by veins of white carbonate. The thin section shows numerous fragments of shell, around 02 mm long and of occasionally recognizable echinodermal plates, in a turbid groundmass of finely divided calcite through which angular quartz grains are scattered. Stylolitic films of dark clay are present. Fragments of carbonaceous matter, scarce, grains of zircon and a little pyrite are present.

Limestone, luteous, micrograined, microclastizoic.

Lower Lias limestone. Just north of crossing of the Broadford-Heast road over the Allt a'choire, Skye. Skye (Inverness). A dull grey, compact limestone containing veins of brownish-grey carbonate which are cut by veins of white carbonate. The thin section shows numerous fragments of shell, around 0.2 mm long and of occasionally recognizable echinodermal plates, in a turbid groundmass of finely divided calcite through which angular quartz grains are scattered. Stylolitic films of dark clay are present. Fragments of carbonaceous matter, scarce grains of zircon and a little pyrite are present. Limestone, luteous, micrograined, microclastizoic. SL0250. Britrocks S35350.

Britrocks: S35350

Geoscenic: P553036 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553037 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Ross and Cromarty

SL 253 (p. 63) Lower Lias limestone. Old quarry, 1100 yd S.E. of Applecross House 1" Sheet 81; 6" Ross & Cromarty 102 S.W. (Lst. Scot.,1949, p. 166)

(S35353). A grey, compact oolitic limestone with a buf crust. In thin section the ooliths are found to be 0.5–1.5 mm in diameter and frequently have as kernels irregular pieces of shell or echinodermal plate and spine and, less commonly, earlier ooliths with limonitized or pyritized borders. They are embedded in a very fine-grained matrix of calcite containing a few thin-walled microshells and scarce tiny grains of quartz. Subordinate detrital constituents include rolled shell fragments and rolled pebbles of oolite.

Limestone, micrograined, oolitic.

Britrocks: S35353

Geoscenic: P553043 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553042 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P531425 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527867 Hand specimen

Great Estuarine

Inverness. (Skye)

SL 243 (p. 63) Great Estuarine limestone, marmorized near contact with granophyre. Allt Eoghainn, 200 yd S. of old main road. Strollamus, Skye. 1" Sheet

71; 6" Inverness. (Skye) 40 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 124).

(S35343). A patchily grey and white altered limestone, the grey part effervescing freely with cold dilute HCl, while the white part is insoluble and shows the fibrous character of wollastonite. In thin section the rock is seen to be composed of sutured grains of calcite and large aggregates of fibrous and prismatic wollastonite. Idiomorphic, birefringent grossular occurs in small crystals set both in the calcite and in the wollastonite. Colourless epidote forming small aggregates is rare. Clots of quartz act as centres for wollastonite growths and are traversed by many needles of wollastonite. Occasionally small prisms of diopside occur on the periphery of these clots.

Limestone with calcsilicates, varigrained, granoblastic.

Britrocks: S35343

Geoscenic: P553024 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 251 (p. 63) Paludina limestone. Coast section, 800 yd N. of school at Elgol, Skye. 1" Sheet 71; 6" Inverness. (Skye) 50 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 125)

(S35351). A dark grey, compact, structureless rock composed of a carbonate-clay groundmass in which the carbonate granules are about 0002 mm across. In this, small grains of oxidized pyrite, quartz, and carbonaceous shreds are scattered in accessory proportions.

Limestone, luteous, pelitomorphic, microclastizoichnic.

Britrocks: S35351

Geoscenic: P553038 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553039 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527866 Hand specimen

Sutherland

SL 161 (p. 63) Limestone in Brora Arenaceous Series, Ardassie Point, Brora. 1" Sheet 103; 6" Sutherland 98 S.W. (See 'The Geology of the Country around Golspie, Sutherlandshire', Mem. Geol. Surv., 1925, pp. 96–9).

(S34848). A dull, dark grey compact limestone. Composed of a base of intermingled clear, finely granular calcite and pelitomorphic calcite in which are set angular grains of quartz, irregular granular groups of pyrite, splinters of coaly matter, accessory muscovite, biotite and siliceous pebbles, and a few 'galls' of calcareous grit. Echinodermal and shell fragments are present and small spherical bodies (see note below) are very numerous.

Limestone, arenaceous, fine-grained, clastizoic.

Note. The spherical bodies range in diameter from 0.05 to 0.12 mm. Many present smooth, continuous surfaces to the matrix and some appear to possess a thin peripheral shell. Many however present no definite boundary to the matrix and the carbonate sectors of which they are composed project to different amounts into the matrix. The radial or sectional arrangement of the carbonate within them is character­istic (Plate III, Fig. 5), but examples built of a single carbonate crystal can be found, and spheres of the same range of size but composed entirely of chalcedonic silica are also present. The nature of these bodies is uncertain. They resemble the globular objects observed by Dunham and Stubblefield in the Cockhill Limestone (Quart.Journ. Geol. Soc., vol. C, 1944, p. 237), and the spherical bodies in calcarenite by N. D. Newell, et al (The Permian Reef Complex of the Guadalupe Mountain Region, 1953, p. 46 and p. 117) who compare them with 'sporangites' of Devonian black shales.

Geoscenic: P552842 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552843 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552844 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552845 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552846 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552847 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552848 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552849 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527988 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527835 Hand specimen

Geoscenic: P527834 Hand specimen

Kimmeridgian

Sutherland

SL 162 (p. 63) Limestone in 'Boulder Beds' S.W. of the 'Fallen Stack', Portgower. 1" Sheet 103; 6" Sutherland 90 S.W. (see 'The Geology of the Country around Golspie, Sutherlandshire', Mem. Geol. Surv., 1925, p. 108).

(S34849). A pale grey limestone containing numerous shells. In thin section large and small echinodermal and shell fragments and poorly assorted sand grains are cemented by calcite. Over most of the section quartz and cementing calcite are in approximately equal proportion. The calcite is partly fine-grained and turbid but more generally coarsely recrystallized and often poikilitic. The sand grains are angular and rarely reach 1 mm in size. They are mostly of quartz which is often strained but include microcline and crushed quartz-rock, scarce chert and collophane.

Limestone, arenaceous, fossiliferous, poikilocrystallic.

Britrocks: S34849

Geoscenic: P552850 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552851 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527989 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527833 Hand specimen

Cretaceous

Inverness. (Skye)

SL 244 (p. 64) Limestone. Allt Eoghainn, Strollamus, S. of old main road, at N.E. end of the outcrop. 1" Sheet; 6" Inverness. (Skye) 40 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 124).

(S35344). A dark grey, very fine-grained, compact limestone, composed of a groundmass of finely divided turbid calcite, of grain about 0.05 mm, in which are numerous small grains of clear calcite, usually shapeless and very rarely showing shelly and trabecular structures, and small circular grains representing microfossil parts. Pieces of thick shell are scarce. Stylolitic films are common.

Limestone, pelitomorphic, microclastizoic.

Britrocks: S35344

Geoscenic: P552988 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552989 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Recent

Shell Sand

Caithness

SL 164 (p. 64) Shell sand. Just above highwater mark, ¼ mile E. of John o' Groats Hotel. 1" Sheet 116; 6" Caithness 3 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 84).

(S35990). Composed of shell fragments, from 1 to 5 mm across, with a small amount of rock grains. The slide is of the residue after dissolving out the carbonate. The material remaining is mainly argillaceous, feldspathic and micaceous sandstone and gritty mudstone, with subor­dinate quartz and a little quartzite and microcline, and scarce igneous and metamorphic rocks.

Britrocks: S35990

Geoscenic: P553121 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553120 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 165 (p. 64) Shell gravel. Just above highwater mark, Ness of Duncansby. 1" Sheet 116; 6" Caithness 3 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 84).

The specimen is composed of shell fragments ranging in size from 1½ in. downwards.

SL 166 (p. 64) Shell sand. Ness of Duncansby, 200 yd inland and 2 ft below surface. References as for SL 165.

The specimen is composed of well sorted, worn shell fragments, about 3 mm across, with a low proportion of rock pebbles of rather smaller size.

Inverness (Skye)

SL 6 (p. 64) Nullipore sand. Claigan, Dunvegan, Skye. 1" Sheet 80; 6" Inverness. (Skye) 15 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 125).

(S35987). Composed of rolled, minutely cellular nullipore growths and a few lamellibranch fragments.

Kirkcudbright

SL 209 (p. 64) Shell sand. Comminuted shells in raised beach; 1 mile S. of Creetown. 1" Sheet 4; 6" Kirkcudbright. O.S. 42 S.E., N.S., 47 N.W. & S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 130).

Lake marl

Caithness

SL 168 (p. 65) Lake Marl, Westfield Loch, 4 miles S.W. of Thurso. 1" Sheet 115; 6" Caithness. 11 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, pp. 84, 85).

(S35985). The residue from solution in dilute acetic acid is a dark grey powder showing much brown and opaque vegetable matter, together with mineral dust which is mostly alkali-feldspar and quartz with chlorite, bleached biotite, carbonaceous clay, scarce opaline diatoms and spicules. In the mounted sections (S35985) A & B, scarce scales of fresh biotite are seen and rarely a flake of muscovite. Brown isotropic frag­ments of arthropods are common, and scarce sponge spicules are present. Heavy mineral particles include grains and rhombs of dolomite and possibly kyanite. The mount (S35985) of the dried marl consists mostly of calcite as equidimensional grains or stout prisms, mostly less than 0.01 mm long.

Calc tufa

Ross and Cromarty

SL 254 (p. 65) Calcareous tufa. Roadside 680 yd S. of Tornapress Bridge, Kishorn. 1" Sheet 81; 6" Ross & Cromarty 110 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 167)

(S35354). A flesh-coloured, porous mass of tufa, composed of a turbid mass of very fine-grained calcium carbonate showing irregularly con­centric growths from many centres. The open aggregate formed by these growths is partly filled by a brownish, slightly ferruginous marl containing small organic debris and scarce grains of quartz and feldspar. Tests on the material give the ordinary refractive index for calcite.

Britrocks: S35354

Geoscenic: P553044 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553045 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553046 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553047 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P531426 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527858 Hand specimen

Vein deposit

Kincardine

SL 25 (p. 65) Impure dolomitic limestone, in fault. N.E. corner of Craigeven Bay, 660 yd E.N.E. of St. Mary's Chapel, about 1 mile N.E. of Stonehaven. 1" Sheet 67; 6" Kincardine. O.S. 12 S.E.; N.S. 16 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 128).

(S34546). The rock consists mainly of a base of finely divided siliceous and kaolinitic material amongst which are scattered small clots of dolomitic carbonate with which opaque white material is associated. Veins of ankerite—about 15% (FeCa)CO3—cut the rock.

Britrocks: S34546

Geoscenic: P552679 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552680 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Additional hand specimens

Limestone from Durness, Sutherland. P527664
Hand specimen: Limestone from Durness, Sutherland. P527665
Hand specimen: Dolomite from Elphin, Assynt, Sutherland. P527687
Hand specimen: Dolomite from Durness, Sutherland. P527688
Hand specimen: Dolomite from near An Corr-eilean, Eriboll, Sutherland. P527689
Hand specimen: Dolomite from Durness, Sutherland. P527690
Hand specimen: A specimen of Cambrian Pipe rock from south-west of Achnashellach, Strathcarron, Ross and Cromarty. P527691
Hand specimen: Diatomite from Toombridge, Bann Valley, Northern Ireland. P527724
Hand specimen: Dolomite from Eriboll, Sutherland. P527725
Hand specimen: Dolomite from the Durness Limestone, Sarsgrum, Eriboll, Sutherland. P527726
Hand specimen: Dolomite from near Keodale, Durness, Sutherland. P527727
Hand specimen: Dolomite from Keodale, Durness, Sutherland. P527728
Hand specimen: Mottled limestone from Durness, Sutherland. P527729
Hand specimen: Limestone from Durness, Sutherland. P527730
Hand specimen: Limestone from Durness, Sutherland. P527731
Hand specimen: Limestone from Durness, Sutherland. P527732
Hand specimen: Limestone from Eilean Dubh, Durness, Sutherland. P527733
Hand specimen: Limestone from Croisaphuills, Durness, Sutherland. P527734
Hand specimen: Limestone from the Torran area, Strath, Skye, Invernessshire. P527735
Hand specimen: Limestone from the Torran area, Skye, Invernessshire. P527736
Hand specimen: Limestone from the Torran area, Strath, Skye, Invernessshire. P527737
Hand specimen: Limestone from the Torran area, Skye, Invernessshire. P527738
Hand specimen: Brucite marble from Ledbeg, Assynt, Sutherland. P527739
Hand specimen: Brucite marble from Ledbeg, Assynt, Sutherland. P527740
Hand specimen: Brucite marble from Ledbeg, Assynt, Sutherland. P527741
Hand specimen: Brucite marble from Ledbeg, Assynt, Sutherland. P527742
Hand specimen: Marble from Ledbeg, Assynt, Sutherland. P527743
Hand specimen: Marble from Ledbeg, Assynt, Sutherland. P527744
Hand specimen: Marble from Ledbeg, Assynt, Sutherland. P527745
Hand specimen: Marble from Ledbeg, Assynt, Sutherland. P527746
Hand specimen: Brucite marble from Kilchrist, Locality 3, Skye, Invernessshire. P527747
Hand specimen: Brucite marble from 800 yards north-north-west of Camas Malag, south of Torran, Skye, Invernessshire. P527748
Hand specimen: Brucite marble from the Torran area, Skye, Invernessshire. P527749
Hand specimen: Brucite marble from the Torran area, Skye, Invernessshire. P527750
Hand specimen: Brucite marble from the Torran area, Skye, Invernessshire. P527751
Hand specimen: Brucite marble from the Kilchrist area of Skye, Invernessshire. P527752
Hand specimen: Brucite marble, Cill Chriosd Quarry, Torran, Skye, Invernessshire. P527753
Hand specimen: Brucite marble, Cill Chriosd Quarry, Torran, Skye, Invernessshire. P527754
Hand specimen: Dolomite and calcite vein from Newbigging, Nine Lums, one mile west of Burntisland, Fife. P527755
Hand specimen: Limestone from Freuchie Quarry, Maspie, Falkland, Fifeshire. P527756
Hand specimen: Limestone from White Craigs, Bishop Hill, Kinrossshire. P527757
Hand specimen: Dolomite from Little Raith, Fifeshire. P527758
Hand specimen: Limestone from White Craigs, Bishop Hill, Kinrossshire. P527759
Hand specimen: Baked blaes from Clatteringwell Quarry, Bishop Hill, c. one mile north-east of Kinnesswood, Kinrossshire. P527760
Hand specimen: Limestone from Rothes Lime Works, Balgeddie, half a mile north-north-west of Leslie Bridge, Fifeshire. P527761
Hand specimen: Limestone from near Kirkintilloch, Stirlingshire. P527762
Hand specimen: Limestone from north-east of Queenzieburn, Stirlingshire. P527763
Hand specimen: Limestone from Corrie Burn, Arran, Buteshire. P527764
Hand specimen: Limestone from Thorntonhall Mine (Thorntonhall Lime Works) three miles west of East Kilbride. P527766
Hand specimen: Limestone from Newbigging Limestone Mine, Nine Lums, Burntisland, Fifeshire. P527767
Hand specimen: Limestone from Cults Quarry and Mine, Cupar, Fifeshire. P527768
Hand specimen: Limestone from Lannilane Quarry, Straiton, Ayrshire. P527769
Hand specimen: Limestone from Loch Thom, Renfrewshire. P527770
Hand specimen: Limestone from Ballachullish, Argyllshire. P527771
Hand specimen: Limestone from Dalnatrat, Argyllshire. P527772
Hand specimen: Weathered limestone from Balachullish, Argyllshire. P527773
Hand specimen: Limestone from Loch Kishorn, Ross and Cromarty. P527774
Hand specimen: Nullipore or coralline sand from Dunvegan, Skye, Invernessshire. P527775
Hand specimen: Limestone from Elgol, Skye, Invernessshire. P527776
Hand specimen: Nullipore sands from Craig, Plockton, Invernessshire. P527777
Hand specimen: Limestone from Heast, Skye, Sutherland. P527778
Hand specimen: Limestone from Kilmarie, Skye, Invernessshire. P527779
Hand specimen: Cyrena Limestone from Elgol, Skye, Invernessshire. P527780
Hand specimen: Limestone from Clippens Lime Works, Straiton, Midlothian. P527784
Hand specimen: Limestone from the Blair Atholl Limestone Quarry, Perthshire. P527812
Hand specimen: Limestone from Glenbuchat, Aberdeenshire. P527871
Hand specimen: Limestone from the Lismore Limestone Quarry on Eilean nan Caorach, Lismore, Argyllshire. P527877
Hand specimen: Loch Tay Limestone from Glendaruel House, Argyllshire. P527878
Hand specimen: Ballachulish Limestone from a quarry at Tom an Aoil, Spean Bridge, Invernessshire. P527879
Hand specimen: Limestone from Lismore, Argyllshire. P527880
Hand specimen: Limestone from Swordle, Ardnamurchan, Argyllshire. P527881
Hand specimen: Limestone fron Broadland Quarry, between Drumdelgie and Broadland, Aberdeenshire. P527882
Hand specimen: Limestone from Portsoy Marble Quarry, Banffshire. P527883
Hand specimen: Limestone from Largie, Aberdeenshire. P527884
Hand specimen: Limestone from Goukstone Quarry near Keith, Banffshire. P527885
Hand specimen: Limestone from Loch Clunie, Perthshire. P527886
Hand specimen: Cornstone from Linksfield Quarry, Morayshire. P527887
Hand specimen: Limestone from Randerston, near Fife Ness, Fifeshire. P527888
Hand specimen: Cornstone from Huntley Hill, Brechin, Angus. P527889
Hand specimen: Limestone from Petershill Reservoir, West Lothian. P528153


Chapter 6 Petrographical descriptions of Scottish limestones

Lewisian

Argyll

GS1 (p. 17) Coccolite marble. Quarry 92 yd E. 31° S. of Balephetrish, Tiree. 1" sheet 42; 6" Argyll. 64 N.E. (Anal. C.O. Harvey).

An elongated mass of marble, 200 ft by 50 ft, enclosed on three sides by black hornblende-augite-gneiss; fourth side passes under drift.

(S31697). Pink marble speckled with green clots. The section shows an aggregation of very fine-grained calcite in which numerous lens-shaped relics of larger grains are arranged parallel in shear-schistosity. Rounded crystals of pale green pyroxene, micacized scapolite, a negative alkali-feldspar and large grains of calcite form xenolith-like aggregates. Sphene, apatite and limonitic aggregate are accessory constituents which occur both as isolated grains in the calcite matrix and in associ­ation with the pyroxene clusters.

Limestone with calcsilicates, micrograined, pseudoporphyroblastic, grano-schistose, sheared.

Britrocks: S31697

Geoscenic: P552546 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552547 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552548 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552549 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Inverness

SL 106 (p. 17) Marble. Old Quarry 250 yd S.W. of W. end of Loch an Sgor Ghaothair, Glen Urquhart. 1" sheet 73; 6" Inverness. 29 N.W. (Lst. Scotland, 1949, p. 116.)

(S34585). Coarse crystalline marble with numerous phlogopite, calc-silicate and ore grains. Composed of interlocking large grains of calcite within and between which are scattered grains of quartz, prisms of tremolite and flakes of phlogopite. Quartz is more abundant in some bands and is then accompanied by large grains of zoisite, containing vermicular inclusions of quartz, and by muscovite. Sphene, oligoclase, apatite, rutile and pyrite are accessory. Sphene grains in phlogopite have pleochroic haloes.

Limestone with phlogopite and calcsilicates, coarse-grained, granoblastic, foliated.

Britrocks: S34585

Geoscenic: P552763 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552762 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527968 Thin section

Ross and Cromarty

SL 258 (p. 17) Limestone. Old Quarry, E. bank of Allt Folais, 620 yd N. of Letterewe House. 1" sheet 92; 6" Ross. 58 N.W. (Lst. Scot, 1949, p. 166).

(S35262). Massive, white, fine-grained limestone. The slide shows a limestone which has been sheared so that eye-shaped fragments about 0.3 mm in size and irregularly lenticular areas of medium-grained car­bonate are set in a parallel arrangement in a finely granular matrix of about 0.02 mm grain. Colourless phlogopite is accessory and lies in the direction of lenticularity of the calcite. The carbonate is partly calcite and partly aragonite, the admixture being patchy and without regular pattern, but the eye-shaped fragments are all of calcite.

Limestone with aragonite, varigrained, sheared.

(S35263). A pale cream-coloured limestone containing numerous small cavities; effervesces freely with cold dilute HCl. Composed of mixed finely and coarsely granular carbonate which, on test by refractive index methods, is essentially calcite; no aragonite but some dolomite is present.

The finer grained material is turbid and of grain-size about 0.02 mm. Phlogopite occurs as irregular flakes in the turbid carbonate and a small amount of quartz is present.

Dolomitic limestone, fine-grained, mesh-recrystallized, holey.

Britrocks: S35262

Geoscenic: P528024 Thin section

SL 259 (p. 17) Limestone and dolomite. Old quarry, W. bank of Allt Folais, 690 yd N. of Letterewe House. 1" Sheet 92; 6" Ross. 58 N.W. (Lst.Scot., 1949, p. 166).

(S35264). Thinly and irregularly flaggy limestone with a reticulation of thin veins of calcite. The slide shows a rock in which angular grains of calcite about 0.05 to 0.3 mm across are scattered like grains of grit in a very fine matrix of carbonate of grain-size 0.01 mm. This is cut by thin veins containing calcite, quartz and barytes. The latter two minerals occur also in small aggregates throughout the rock. Phlogopite is present in flakes up to 0.5 mm long. The residue from solution in 1:3 HCl, cold, shows barytes, quartz, phlogopite and dolomite in that order of abundance. A sericitic clay aggregate is also present. Some curious small spheroidal growths of calcite in the rock seem to be of the same age as the formation of phlogopite.

Limestone with quartz, barytes, phlogopite and dolomite, fine-grained, pseudo gritty mortar-structure, sheared.

(S35265). Whitish micro-nodular dolomite, with phlogopite coating divisional planes; effervesces slightly in cold dilute HCl. The rock is a crushed dolomite with a gritty appearance in thin section owing to the distribution of larger irregular grains of carbonate (up to 1.0 mm across) in a matrix which is of variable but very fine grain. Phlogopite, musco­vite and tremolite are abundantly present and the latter occurs as in­complete prisms or relict shreds in fibrous carbonate. Tourmaline (elbaite) is an abundant accessory, forming stout, fractured prisms up to 0.2 mm long. Colourless in thin sections, it shows: O, faint green, E faint pink in separated grains; ɷ =1.639. Tests in crush show dolomite as the main constituent, but calcite is abundant.

Calcareous dolomite with micas and tremolite; fine-grained, pseudo-gritty mortar-structure, crushed.

Britrocks: S35264

Limestone-and dolomite. Old quarry, west bank of Allt Folais, 690 yards north of Letterewe House. Ross & Cromarty. Thinly and irregularly flaggy limestone with a reticulation of thin veins of calcite. The slide shows a rock in which angular grains of calcite about 0.05 to 0.3 mm across are scattered like grains of grit in a very fine matrix of carbonate of grain size 0.01 mm. This is cut by thin veins containing calcite, quartz and barytes. The latter two minerals occur also in small aggregates throughout the rock. Phlogopite is present in flakes up to 0.5 mm long. The residue from solution in 1 : 3 HCl, cold, shows barytes, quartz, phlogopite and dolomite in that order of abundance. A sericitic clay aggregate is also present, Some curious small spheroidal growths of calcite in the rock seem to be of the same age as the formation of phlogopite. Limestone with quartz, barytes, phlogopite and dolomite, fine-grained, pseudo-gritty mortar-structure, sheared. S 35265, Whitish micro-nodular dolomite, with phlogopite coating divisional planes; effervesces slightly in cold dilute HCl. The rock is a crushed dolomite with a gritty appearance in thin section owing to the distribution of larger irregular grains of carbonate (up to 1.0 mm across) in a matrix which is of variable but very fine grain. Phlogopite, muscovite and tremolite are abundantly present and the latter occurs as incomplete prisms or relict shreds in fibrous carbonate. Tourmaline (elbaite) is an abundant accessory, forming stout, fractured prisms up to 0.2 mm long. Colourless in thin sections, it shows: O, faint green, E faint pink in separated grains; omega = 1.639. Tests in crush show dolomite as the main constituent, but calcite is abundant. Calcareous dolomite with micas and tremolite; fine-grained, pseudo-gritty mortar-structure, crushed. SL0259. Britrocks S35265.

Britrocks: S35265

Geoscenic: P552998 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552999 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553000 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553001 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P528025 Thin section

SL 260 (p. 17) Limestone and dolomite. Old quarry, N. bank of Allt Coire nan Dearcaig, 50 yd upstream from junction with Allt Airidh a' Char. 1" Sheet 91; 6" Ross. 45 S.E.

(S35266). A pale violet limestone with films of yellow-green phlogopite. Composed of irregular fragments of calcite in a matrix of turbid, very finely granular calcite. Contorted phlogopite, chlorite and spongy tremolite, partly replaced by the carbonate matrix, are abundant. The matrix invades the fragmental calcite along 'corrosion' embayments and cracks. The rock has clearly been crushed and there are some short lengths of shear lines. After shearing there seems to have been brecciation and more uniform pressure under which the fine matrix formed a plastic medium which showed no shear effects. The mean refractive index of the tremolite is β =1.620. Apatite and limonite are accessory.

Limestone with mica, chlorite and tremolite, medium-grained, pseudo-gritty mortar-structure, crushed.

(S35267). White dolomite with greenish-yellow films. The rock scarcely effervesces with cold dilute HCl. In thin section it is seen to be composed of fractured carbonate fragments with close and often bent twinning, up to 1 mm across, in a matrix of granular clear carbonate of grain-size 0.02 to 0.1 mm. Plates of phlogopite, usually about 0.4 mm long, are numerous and are often concentrated along undulating laminae. The larger carbonate fragments are sometimes replaced spongily by granular carbonate, the detached pieces remaining in optical continuity. Colourless tourmaline is an accessory and is sometimes enclosed in phlogopite. Quartz and small aggregates of kaolin are accessory. No refractive index of carbonate other than that of dolomite was noted in the powdered rock.

Dolomite with phlogopite, fine-grained, pseudo gritty mortar-structure, foliated.

Britrocks: S35266

Geoscenic: P553002 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553003 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P528026 Thin section

Britrocks: S35267

Geoscenic: P553004 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553005 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 261 (p. 17) Dolomite. Old quarry 430 yd E. 14° S. of Sheildaig Lodge, Gairloch. 1" Sheet 91; 6" Ross. 56 N.W.

(S35268). A white coarsely crystalline dolomite containing scales of pale brown mica. Composed of interlocking grains of carbonate up to 1.5 mm long and usually slightly elongated in the direction of foliation as shown by the mica flakes. These are abundant, colourless, almost uniaxial highly birefringent phlogopite. Quartz is an abundant accessory or subordinate constituent and is arranged in lenticular groups of elon­gated twinned grains in which all the directions of elongation are parallel to the foliation. Colourless tourmaline is an abundant accessory, in stout prisms with rounded terminations, up to 0.5 mm long. The carbonate is locally slightly granulitized. In powder the refractive index of dolomite only was observed.

Dolomite with phlogopite and quartz, medium-grained, foliated.

Britrocks: S35268

Geoscenic: P553006 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553007 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P528027 Thin section

SL 262 (p. 18) Dolomite. Old quarry 260 yd N.W. of outflow from Am Feur Loch. 1" Sheet 91; 6" Ross. 57 N.W.

(S35269). A pinkish massive dolomite. Composed of equidimensional but irregular fragments of carbonate, greatly cleaved and twinned and irregularly invaded by the matrix, which is of granular carbonate of average 0.05 mm grain diameter. The only other constituents are scarce flakes of phlogopite and streaks of oxidized iron ore with which small scarce aggregates of chlorite are associated. Only dolomite was noted by refractive index tests on the powdered rock.

Dolomite, fine-grained, pseudo gritty mortar structure.

Britrocks: S35269

Geoscenic: P553008 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553009 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 263 (p. 18) Limestone. 650 yd N. 18° E. of outflow of Lochan Druim na Fearna. 1" Sheet 91; 6" Ross. 57 S.W.

(S35270). A crystalline calcareous dolomite, foliated and with greenish laminae; traversed by pinkish ferruginous streaks and cracks. Composed of interlocking grains of twinned and cleaved dolomite slightly elongated in the direction of foliation, with finely granular calcite on the periphery, in irregular spaces within the dolomite grains and in irregular laminae through the rock. Phlogopite, partly chloritized, tremolite and quartz are subordinate minerals and are elongated in the direction of foliation. Colourless tourmaline and apatite are accessory, and a little rutile is present in small aggregates of irregular deep brown grains. Limonitized iron ore is intergrown locally with mica. The refractive index of dolomite only was seen in the crush and all the fragments tested were uniaxial.

Calcareous dolomite with phlogopite, quartz and tremolite, medium-grained, foliated and strained.

Britrocks: S35270(a)

Geoscenic: P553010 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553011 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553012 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553013 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P528028 Thin section

Moine

Inverness

SL 107 (p. 18). Limestone. Rebeg Quarry. 1" Sheet 83; 6" Inverness. 11 S.W.

(S34586). Coarse, flaggy banded white and grey crystalline limestone. Large grains of twinned calcite are closely interlocked and tend to be elongated parallel to the foliation. Small quartz grains and muscovite flakes are scattered sparsely through the calcite. In bands there is a considerable concentration of tremolite, patched by crocidolite, and phlogopite which are orientated with their long axes parallel to the plane of foliation. Grains of oxidized iron ore and trains of limonitic material occur; there are many small grains of yellow pyrite, and acute lozenges of sphene are accessory.

Limestone with phlogopite and tremolite, coarse-grained, foliated, grano-schistose.

Britrocks: S34586

Geoscenic: P552764 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552765 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527969 Thin section

Sutherland

SL 169 (p 18). Limestone. Shinness Quarry, the Airde, near Lairg. 1" Sheet 102; 6" Sutherland 85 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 192).

(S34852). A coarse, grey-white crystalline limestone mottled with greenish calcsilicates. In thin section anhedral grains of calcite up to 5.0 mm in width are seen to interlock with one another and with diopside which forms thick prisms imperfectly developea and up to 6 mm in length. Tremolite is often present as small blades in the diopside and locally forms large prisms with replacing relations to the associated diopside.

Limestone with diopside and tremolite, coarse-grained, porphyroblastic.

(S34853). White crystalline limestone. Composed of a mosaic of inter­locking grains of calcite up to 6.0 mm across. Tremolite and phlogopite are present in only accessory proportions and rarely reach more than 1.0 mm in length. They lie along the interfaces of calcite grains and are only rarely enclosed in calcite. Apatite and sphene are accessory. Limestone with phlogopite, coarse-grained, foliated.

Britrocks: S34852

Geoscenic: P552856 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552857 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527992 Thin section

Shetland metamorphic

Shetland

SL 184 (p. 18). Limestone. S. side of Bay of Fladdabister. 1" Sheet 126; 6" Shetland 59 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 173).

(S34947). A grey crystalline limestone with thin dark seams. Composed essentially of anhedral grains of calcite showing close glide twinning. The grains, which are about 1.0 mm long, interlock, or are cemented by finely granular calcite which is due to trituration by shearing; similar fine calcite cuts through the larger calcite grains and also forms thin parallel seams. Quartz in grains 04–0.2 mm across, and small flakes of muscovite are abundant accessories. A little finely divided opaque mineral is present, the larger grains being recognizable as oxidized iron-ore, probably pyrite. Apatite and tourmaline are accessory.

Limestone with some quartz and muscovite, medium-grained, sheared, granoschistose.

Britrocks: S34947

Geoscenic: P552899 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552898 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P528002 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527848 Hand specimen

Geoscenic: P527846 Hand specimen

SL 185 Tingwall Limestone. mile N. of Scalloway. 1" Sheet 126; 6" Shetland (p. 18) 56 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 173).

(S34948). A grey crystalline limestone with occasional micaceous films. Consists essentially of intricately sutured grains of calcite, about 0.5 mm across, together with about 25 per cent of quartz in grains which are usually distributed singly among the calcite but also form small aggregates with or without associated muscovite. Muscovite occurs also in irregular or streaky aggregates, with some, of which red biotite and alkali-feldspar are associated. A little dolomite is present in rhombs about 2 mm across. Pyrite, rutile and opaque mineral dust are common accessories; tourma­line is scarce.

Limestone, dolomitic, with quartz, muscovite, biotite and pyrite, medium-grained, foliated, heteroblastic.

Geoscenic: P552900 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552901 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P528003 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527843 Hand specimen

SL 186 (p. 19) Tingwall Limestone. Quarry, E. side of road 1 mile N.N.E. of Scalloway. 1" Sheet 126; 6" Shetland 52 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 173).

(S34949)–(S34950). A grey crystalline limestone: (S34949) shows a lamination in shades of grey and (S34950) is thinly flaggy. The rock is composed of anhedral interlocking grains of twinned calcite, with thin laminae of muscovite, or muscovite-graphite-schist. These laminae have been cut into schlieren by the flowage of calcite and show internal schistosity differing in direction from the parallel arrangement of the schlieren. Quartz is sparsely distributed among the calcite and graphite is dis­seminated on the grain surfaces in the calcite bands. Pyrite is accessory; apatite scarce.

(S34949) Limestone with quartz and graphite-schist, medium-grained, foliated, heteroblastic.

(S34950) Limestone with graphite, quartz and pyrite, fine-grained, sheared.

Britrocks: S34949

Geoscenic: P552903 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552902 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Britrocks: S34950

Geoscenic: P552905 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552904 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P528004 Thin section

SL 187 (p. 19) Tingwall Limestone. Girlsta Quarry, near shore of Wadbister Voe. 1" Sheet 128; 6" Shetland 48 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, pp. 173–4).

(S34951). A pale grey, fine-grained crystalline limestone. The rock is composed of interlocking grains of calcite 0.5 mm across, which show glide twinning and a little peripheral granulation. Quartz is abundant, about 5–10 per cent by volume, in small grains, and occurs also as larger grains in quartz-clinochlore aggregates. Muscovite is in places a sub­ordinate mineral and elsewhere is only accessory. Pyrite is accessory.

Limestone with quartz, chlorite and muscovite, medium-grained, grano-blastic, foliated.

Britrocks: S34951

Geoscenic: P552907 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552906 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P528005 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527845 Hand specimen

SL 188 Whiteness Limestone. W. of Whiteness Quarry, W. side of Loch of Strom. (p. 19) 1" Sheet 128; 6" Shetland 48 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 173).

(S34952). Coarse crystalline limestone. Composed of interlocking grains of calcite, 0.2 to fully 1 mm across, with subordinate quartz which tends to occur in more or less parallel, widely spaced streaks and clots of grains individually 0.2–0.5 mm across. A little pyrite, rutile and opaque mineral dust are present and muscovite is in places an abundant accessory.

Limestone with quartz, medium-grained, granoblastic.

Britrocks: S34952

Geoscenic: P552909 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552908 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 189 (p. 19) Weisdale Limestone. Quarry on W. side of road half a mile S. of Flemington. 1" Sheet 128; 6" Shetland 43 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 174).

(S34953). A massive, pale grey, siliceous fine-grained, crystalline lime­stone. Composed of equidimensional grains of calcite, 0.5 mm across, with quartz occurring in interstitial aggregates of small grains, 0–1-0.2 mm across, and forming about 30 per cent by volume of the rock. Pyrite and muscovite are abundant. Zircon, rutile, tourmaline and apatite are accessory.

Limestone with quartz, muscovite and pyrite, medium-grained, hetero-blastic.

Britrocks: S34953

Geoscenic: P552910 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552911 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 190 (p. 19) Weisdale Limestone. Sursetter, 1 ½ miles N. of Voe. 1" Sheet 128; 6" Shetland 37 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 174).

(S34954). A moderately coarse-grained, white, crystalline limestone. It is composed of coarsely sutured grains of calcite, about 1 mm long, which tend to be elongated in a direction of rather poor schistosity defined by a general parallel orientation of muscovite. The latter is a subordinate essential constituent forming flakes approaching, and rarely exceeding, 1 mm in length. A minor quantity of oligoclase and quartz is present, generally in association with muscovite. Prismatic zoisite, tremolite and a fibrous aggregate which develops into micaceous flakes, are minor essential constituents. Zoisite and muscovite form symplectitic intergrowths with quartz. Colourless tourmaline in small hexagonal prisms, leucoxene, pyrite and pyrrhotite are abundant; apatite, sphene and zircon are scarce accessories.

Limestone with zoisite and muscovite, medium-grained, granoschistose, porphyroblastic, foliated.

Britrocks: S34954(e)

Geoscenic: P552912 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552913 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552914 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552915 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552916 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552917 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552918 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552919 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P528006 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527842 Hand specimen

Geoscenic: P527844 Hand specimen

SL 191 (p. 19) Limestone. 300 yd S. of Loch of Burraland, Sullom, 4 miles N. of Brae, North Maven. 1" Sheet 130; 6" Shetland 24 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 175).

(S34955). A grey, fractured, crystalline limestone. Composed of strained calcite in grains 0.5–1.5 mm across, traversed by narrow shear zones in which calcite is triturated, and along which muscovite and chlorite are abundant. Yellow tourmaline occurs along thin shear-zones in good prisms, which have been fractured by later movement. Oxidized pyrite occurs mainly in or near shear-lines.

Limestone with muscovite-chlorite-schist folia, coarse to medium-grained, granoblastic, foliated.

Dalradian

Ballachulish Limestone

Inverness

SL 85 (p. 20) Ballachulish Limestone. Old Quarry, Creag Aoil, Torlundy. 1" Sheet 62; 6" Inverness. 140 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 113).

(S34480). Recrystallized limestone composed of interlocking grains (0.4 — 3mm) of closely twinned calcite, abundant accessory quartz forming small (0.1mm) grains enclosed in calcite, and accessory biotite and muscovite.

Limestone with some quartz, coarse-grained, granoblastic, slightly sheared.

SL 229 (p. 20) Ballachulish Limestone. Quarry, 300 yd N.N.W. of Tom an Aoil, Spean Bridge. 1" Sheet 62; 6" Inverness. 141 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 113).

(S35178). A grey, crystalline limestone. Composed of a mosaic of equidimensional grains of closely twinned calcite, 0.4–1.0 mm across, between which small idioblastic quartz grains, about 0.1 mm across, are scattered. The quartz grains occasionally appear within the calcite grains. Mineral dust and granules of pyrite, rutile and possibly graphite granules are peppered sparsely and uniformly through the rock.

Limestone with some quartz, medium-grained, granoblastic.

Britrocks: S34955

Geoscenic: P552920 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552921 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P528007 Thin section

SL 230 (p. 20) Ballachulish Limestone. S. bank of R. Spean, 350 yd above railway bridge, Spean Bridge. 1" Sheet 62; 6" Inverness. 141 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 113).

(S35179). Grey crystalline limestone. Composed of granular calcite of average grain 0.7 mm, which is greatly twinned. Small quartz and feld­spar grains, up to 0.1 mm across and of irregular but occasionally idio-blastic form, are scattered in small quantity between and within the calcite grains. Tiny opaque granules including pyrite are dusted irregularly through the calcite mosaic.

Limestone with some quartz, medium-grained, granoblastic.

Britrocks: S35179

Geoscenic: P552974 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552975 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Appin Limestone

Argyll

SL 86 (p. 20) Appin Limestone. Marble quarry, Gleann an Fhiodh, Ballachulish. 1" Sheet 53; 6" Argyll. 30 S.E.

(S34481). Fine-grained quartz-albite-granulite, with abundant calcite, accessory dolomite, rutile, apatite and muscovite. The portion from which the rock section has been made is much poorer in lime than is shown by chemical analysis from the bulk of the rock.

Calcareous quartz-albite-granulite.

Britrocks: S34481

Geoscenic: P552552 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552553 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 87 (p. 20) Appin Limestone. Crag S. of road bend, E. of Duror station. 1" Sheet 53; 6" Argyll. 43 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1941, p. 56).

(S34482). Granular dolomite of fine grain, 0.05 to 0.1 mm, containing subordinate quartz and albite-oligoclase, which are abundant in streaks, and accessory muscovite and pyrite.

Dolomite with quartz, feldspar and muscovite, varigrained, foliated and grain-foliated.

Britrocks: S34482

Geoscenic: P552554 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552555 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Inverness

SL 35 (p. 20) Appin Limestone. Onich Limestone Quarry, North Ballachulish. 1" Sheet 53; 6" Inverness. 166 N.W.

Sample of crushed lime.

Geoscenic: P527808 Hand specimen

Lismore Limestone

Argyll

SL 88 (p. 21) Lismore Limestone. Quarry just N. of Port Ramsay. 1" Sheet 45; 6" Argyll. 56 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 56).

(S34483). A dark grey, rudely flaggy limestone with a set of rectangular narrow calcite veins normal to the flag. Composed essentially of elong­ated grains of calcite darkened with dust, possibly graphitic, and con­taining subordinate alkali-feldspar and quartz. The calcite is of varying grain-size reaching 0.5 mm in length and is elongated parallel to the flagginess. A subordinate proportion of the calcite shows biaxiality. Apatite and tourmaline are accessory. Pyrite is common in euhedral crystals reaching 2 mm across.

Limestone, fine-grained, granoschistose.

Britrocks: S34483

Geoscenic: P552556 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552557 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552558 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552559 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552560 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552561 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527937 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527824 Hand specimen

Islay Limestone

Argyll

SL 129 (p. 21) Islay Limestone. Leorin Quarry, 2⅛ miles N. by W. of Port Ellen, Islay. 1" Sheet 19; 6" Argyll. 231 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 57).

(S34577). Grey fine-grained limestone, laminated and cut by lines of calcite. Composed of schistose granular calcite, 0.05 mm grain, the schistosity being marked by elongation of the calcite grains, by trains of opaque dark mineral matter and by occasional elongated grains of quartz. Laminae of coarser granular calcite, 0.3 mm grain, appear parallel to the schistosity and show ellipsoidal swellings which occasionally contain large turbid grains of calcite with undulose extinction. These coarser laminae pass without change of the type of calcite into cross-cutting veins. Granular quartz occurs in the coarser laminae and idiomorplaic quartz in the veins. It seems likely that the coarse laminae were recrystallized at the time of the cross-cutting veins by permeation of the solutions along lines of weakness, perhaps produced by the presence of relict augen of coarser calcite.

Limestone, fine-grained, granoschistose, grain-foliated.

Britrocks: S34577

Geoscenic: P552748 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552749 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527963 Thin section

SL 130 (p. 21) Islay Limestone. Lower Cragabus Quarry, 2¼ miles W. of Port Ellen, Islay. 1" Sheet 19; 6" Argyll. 231 S.E. (Lst Scot., 1949, p. 57; where the reference number is misprinted as SL 100).

(S34578). Fine-grained, grey crystalline limestone. Composed of granular calcite of irregular shape and size ranging from 0.01 to 0.4 mm and often with diffuse boundaries between neighbouring grains. Bedding is roughly marked by slightly greater and less concentration of opaque, black finely divided material which is mainly soluble in strong HCl and therefore must be largely iron oxides or sulphides. The insoluble residue consists mainly of quartz with an impregnation of black dust.

Limestone, fine-grained, grain-foliated.

Britrocks: S34578

Geoscenic: P552750 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552751 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527964 Thin section

SL 131 (p. 21) Islay Limestone. Islay Estates Quarry, Bridgend, Islay. 1" Sheet 27; 6" Argyll. 208 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 57).

(S34579). Pale grey, compact crystalline limestone, cut by thin calcite veins. Composed of elongated grains of calcite 0.2 to 0.6 mm, with marked parallel orientation. Thin veins of coarser calcite cut across the schistosity. The vein calcite is intercrystallized with the rock calcite. A little opaque material, mainly pyrite, and some quartz are dusted through the rock.

Limestone, fine-grained, granoschistose.

Britrocks: S34579

Geoscenic: P552752 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552753 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 132 (p. 21) Islay Limestone. In angle of main road and Persabus road, ¾ mile W.S.W. of Port Askaig. 1" Sheet 27; 6" Argyll. 198 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 57).

(S34580). Grey compact and crystalline banded limestone which seems to have a poor cleavage at a low angle to the banding. Numerous patches and wisps, often contorted but with a general parallel orientation, of dark, very fine-grained limestone in a recrystallized granular base of calcite, illustrate palimpsest structure. The grain of the base is about 0.03–04 mm and small crystals of albite, about 0.1 mm across, are scattered through it. Small crystals and grains of pyrite appear in both the dark patches and the base.

Limestone, fine-grained foliated, palimpsest.

Britrocks: S34580

Geoscenic: P552755 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552754 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527965 Thin section

Tayvallich Limestones

Argyll

SL 123 (p. 21) Tayvallich Limestone. Roadside quarry, 1 mile N. of Kilchrenan. 1" Sheet 45; 6" Argyll. 112 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 55).

(S34571). Grey limestone, laminated lighter and darker grey. Composed of calcite, subordinate quartz and micaceous carbonaceous films. The quartz is mostly in large composite grains, or aggregates of smaller grains, associated with granular calcite of about 1.0 mm grain-size. The quartz and this type of calcite, which is brownish and highly cleaved, form ellipsoidal nodules, or less regular lenticular aggregates round which sweep laminae composed of more fine-grained calcite, about 0.1 mm grain size, and streaked with carbonaceous matter. Small grains of quartz occur also in this matrix.

Limestone with quartz, coarse to fine-grained, granoschistose and grain-foliated.

Britrocks: S34571

Geoscenic: P552736 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552737 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527955 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527811 Hand specimen

SL 125 (p. 22) Tayvallich Limestone. Quarry 270 yd S.E. of Baluachraig, 1¼ miles S. by W. of Kilmartin. 1" Sheet 36; 6" Argyll. 149 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 55).

(S34573). Dark grey, moderately crystalline limestone, containing numerous pebbles of vitreous quartz, pink feldspar and dark red material. In section, irregular areas of brownish oolite are seen to pass into a mosaic of clearer recrystallized calcite. Grains and aggregates of quartz and rounded crystals of microcline reaching 3.0 mm in length are numerous. The dark red pebbles appear to be microcline with much haematitic impregnation. The quartz probably originated as pebble grains, but shows considerable recrystallization. This can be observed as rims of regrowth, the old outline being marked by a zone of fine mineral matter, by intercrystallization of the grains among the new calcite and by partial inclusion of broken ooliths in quartz. The feldspars appear to have been pebbles in the oolitic limestone but are now bordered by a thin zone of recrystallized calcite where contact with oolitic rock would be expected. It may be invaded by calcite tongues and permeation aggre­gates of limonite and calcite. A little muscovite and albite, probably detrital, are present. Carbonaceous granules are disseminated in parts of the oolitic rock, trains of them being cut off against recrystallized calcite. Carbonaceous matter also occurs in streaks along small and irregular slip traces.

Limestone with pebbly quartz and microcline, blastopsephitic, blasto-oolitic.

Britrocks: S34573

Geoscenic: P552740 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552741 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527956 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527960 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527809 Hand specimen

SL 126 (p. 22) Tayvallich Limestone. Fincharn Quarry, at S. end of Loch Awe. 1" Sheet 37; 6" Argyll. 139 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 55).

(S34574). Dark grey sparkling limestone, of medium grain, containing small aggregates of white calcite. Composed of granular dusty calcite, 0.4 mm grain, partially recrystallized to clear calcite, forming lenticular aggregates in a finer-grained rock, of mixed dusty and clear calcite grains 0.1 mm, showing foliation which curves round the lenticles. The foli­ation is shown by elongation of grains and by alternation of coarser and finer laminae with streaks of carbonaceous matter. Quartz occurs as an essential but subordinate constituent, as large grains partly recrystallized along with calcite, sometimes showing regrowth rims, partly as lenticular aggregates of smaller grains, and to a subordinate extent interstitial in the coarser dusty limestone.

Limestone with some quartz, grain foliated and granoschistose.

Britrocks: S34574

Geoscenic: P552742 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552743 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527959 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527957 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527958 Thin section

SL 127 (p. 22) Tayvallich Limestone. Quarry E. of Eurach, near Ford. 1" Sheet 37; 6" Argyll. 138 S.E.

(S34575). Dark grey, fine-grained crystalline limestone. The section shows irregular, diffuse relics of very fine-grained black-powdered limestone, in a recrystallized base of granular brownish calcite, among which small grains and aggregates of quartz are scattered. The form of the quartz indicates recrystallization. Black dust, graphitic or carbon­aceous, and granules are distributed through the recrystallized calcite. One recrystallized oolith was observed and in one place the rock is oophasmic.

Limestone with some quartz, varigrained, partly granoblastic, oophasmic.

Britrocks: S34575

Geoscenic: P552744 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552745 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527961 Thin section

SL 133 (p. 22) Tayvallich Limestone. Cairnban Locks, Crinan Canal. 1" Sheet 36;6" Argyll. 160 N.E.

(S34581). Moderately coarse, pale grey, crystalline, gritty limestone, abundantly speckled with dark vitreous quartz grains. Composed of granular calcite forming a schistose matrix to numerous quartz and feldspar pebbles. Schistosity is marked by elongation of many calcite grains (up to 0.5 mm in length) and by streaks of dark matter, possibly carbonaceous. The pebbles include quartz, strained quartzite or com­posite quartz-blebs from granite, microcline, albite, perthite, and micro-pegmatite from granophyre. The quartz shows marginal granulitization and the margins, where not granulitized, are intercrystallized with the calcite. Much granulitic quartz among the calcite is evidently a crystal­lization of the same period as the latter. An albite pebble shows mar­ginal regrowth. A little white mica is associated with feldspar.

Limestone with quartz and feldspar, blastopsephitic, granoblastic to granoschistose.

Britrocks: S34581

Geoscenic: P552757 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552756 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527966 Thin section

Shira Limestone

Argyll

SL 124 (p. 22) Shira Limestone. Turnalt Quarry. 1" Sheet 36; 6" Argyll. 130 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 55).

(S34572). Dull grey, compact, but irregularly jointed limestone. Composed of granular calcite (0.05–0.14mm grain-size) and subordinate quartz and water-clear alkali-feldspar (0.1 mm grain). The grains have a tendency to be elongated parallel to a plane not recognizable in hand specimen. All minerals are recrystallized, but not to a high degree. Calcite-filled cracks cut steeply across the direction of elongation. Some thin streaks of turbid amorphous materials are present.

Limestone with quartz and feldspar, fine-grained, granoschistose.

Britrocks: S34572

Geoscenic: P552738 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552739 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527822 Hand specimen

Loch Tay Limestone

Argyll

SL 128 (p. 22) Loch Tay Limestone. Askomill Quarry, ½ mile E.N.E. of Campbeltown. 1" Sheet 12; 6" Argyll. 258 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 54).

(S34576). Banded coarse- and fine-grained limestone. The coarse bands which show curved cleavage surfaces of blackish clacite are in thin section composed of large irregular grains of calcite with patchy and undulose extinction. The finer-grained bands are composed of grains of calcite of irregular size and shape, very numerous clear and dust-impregnated grains of albite, 0.1 mm, and abundant opaque granular material sometimes recognizable as pyrite. Quartz and potash-feldspar are also present. Scattered grains of feldspar and opaque granules occur also in the coarse-grained bands. The black residue from digestion in concentrated HCl is mainly dust-impregnated albite and shapeless black grains, many of which are pyrite. On prolonged roasting in a crucible the residue becomes pale grey and the discharge of colour indicates that much carbon is present.

Limestone with albite, foliated and grain-foliated, heteroblastic.

Britrocks: S34576

Geoscenic: P552747 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552746 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527962 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527810 Hand specimen

SL 134 (p. 23) Loch Tay Limestone. 400 yd S.W. of Glensluan Cottage, 1 mile S. of Strachur. 1" Sheet 37; 6" Argyll. 141 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 54).

(S34582). Grey crystalline sparkling limestone. Composed of elongated twinned and cleaved grains of calcite 1.0 mm and over in length, of lens shape and arranged with the long axes in one plane. Small grains and aggregates of quartz, 0.5 mm across, and flakes of muscovite, sometimes with bent detrital appearance, are numerous and plagioclase feldspar grains are scarce. Opaque grains and granules of pyrite and probably carbon are numerous.

Limestone with quartz and muscovite, medium-grained, granoschistose.

Britrocks: S34582

Geoscenic: P552759 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552758 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527967 Thin section

SL 147 (p. 23) Loch Tay Limestone. Quarry 1300 yd E. by S. of Ronachan House, West Loch Tarbert. 1" Sheet 20; 6" Argyll. 224 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 54).

(S34649). Sparkling grey medium-grained limestone. Composed of granular calcite of varying grain up to 2 mm, with scattered small quartz and albite grains and muscovite flakes. Some less limy bands are corn-posed of granulitic quartz and albite and irregularly prismatic crystals of clinozoisite cemented by granular calcite. The clinozoisite is charged with black powder (possibly carbon) and encloses also grains of pyrite. Pyrite occurs in large irregular grains, particularly in the quartz-feldspar bands of the rock, but is also present in small grains in the pure car­bonate.

Limestone with quartz, albite, muscovite and clinozoisite, heteroblastic, foliated.

Britrocks: S34649

Geoscenic: P552810 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552811 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527978 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527832 Hand specimen

GS2 (p. 23) Loch Tay Limestone. 750 yd N. of Glendaruel House. 1" Sheet 29; 6" Argyll. 162 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 54). (Anal. G. A. Sergeant).

(S35996). Marmorized limestone with white mica, quartz and albite. Composed of elongated crystals of calcite, granulitized and arranged with their long axes parallel, and showing composite lamellar twinning; grain-size varying from 0.5–1.0 mm. The white mica occurs in"flakes up to 0.4 mm long, either distributed among the calcite or concentrated into streaks and bands. Quartz and albite reaching 0.5 mm in size but generally about 0.2 mm across, are abundant. Graphite is associated with muscovite and albite. Iron ore occurs fairly plentifully in aggregates or fine disseminations as pyrite, or oxidized to limonite or leucoxene.

Limestone with quartz, albite and muscovite, granoschistose, foliated.

Britrocks: S35996

Geoscenic: P553123 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553122 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Perth

SL 1 (p. 23) Loch Tay Limestone. Old quarry 550 yd W. of Dalveich Farm, Loch Earn. 1" Sheet 46; 6" Perth. 92 N.W. (Lst. Scot.,1949, pp. 155–6).

(S34426). Dark grey, saccharoidal, crystalne limestone with broadly spaced micaceous laminae. Composed of twinned calcite grains up to 1.5 mm long, subordinate quartz, accessory graphite, iron ore (probably pyrite), colourless and pale brown micas and occasional large plates and small particle-filled grains of albite-oligoclase. Trains of graphite and elongation of calcite grains show some degree of schistosity.

Limestone with quartz, albite and micas, heteroblastic, granoschistose.

(S34427). Dark grey and white mottled schistose limestone with mica­ceous partings producing a thinly flaggy fracture. Composed of elon­gated grains of calcite, up to 3 mm long, sieved with quartz, albite and opaque granules, foliated with granoblastic, clean calcite of about 0.5 mm grain. Quartz and albite are abundant along laminae of white mica. Some pyrite is present, and possibly graphite also.

Limestone with quartz, albite and muscovite, granoschistose, heteroblastic, grain-foliated.

Britrocks: S34426

Geoscenic: P552415 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552416 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527924 Thin section

SL 2 (p. 23) Loch Tay Limestone. Old quarry above Craignavie, ¾ mile W.S.W. of Bridge of Dochart, Killin. 1" Sheet 46; 6" Perth. 80 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 155).

(S34428). Pale grey, saccharoidal limestones composed of moderately coarsely granular twinned calcite, 0.5–1.0 mm grain, abundant quartz, albite, white and brown mica, graphite and iron ore (pyrite).

Limestone with quartz, albite and muscovite, medium-grained, grano-blastic.

Britrocks: S34428

Geoscenic: P552418 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552417 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527816 Hand specimen

SL 3 (p. 23) Loch Tay Limestone. East face, Dunbeag, Killin. 1" Sheet 46; 6" Perth. 80 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 155).

(S34429). Grey crystalline limestone composed of grains of closely twinned calcite, 2 to 0.5 mm grain, subordinate quartz and alkali-feldspars in nests with which graphite is associated. Zoisite is present locally, yellowish mica and a serpentinous mineral are accessory. One large grain, 1 mm across, of alkali-feldspar occurs in the slice and there is some pyrite and a little limonite.

Limestone with quartz, albite, muscovite and zoisite, medium-grained, heteroblastic.

Britrocks: S34429

Geoscenic: P552420 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527925 Thin section

Geoscenic: P552419 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527818 Hand specimen

SL 5 (p. 24) Loch Tay Limestone. Quarry at back of Clunie Cottage, 1 mile W. of Pitlochry. 1" Sheet 55; 6" Perth. 40 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 155)

(S34431). Grey crystalline limestone with micaceous partings; com­posed of equigranular calcite, 1 mm grain, and subordinate quartz, oligoclase and white mica. Accessory pyrite, a prismatic mineral which is probably zoisite, sphene and possibly some graphite are present. Limestone with quartz, oligoclase and muscovite, medium-grained, heteroblastic.

SL 137 (p. 24) Loch Tay Limestone. Quarry, West Craig of Soilzarie, 3 miles E. of Kirkmichael. 1" Sheet 56; 6" Perth. 33 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 154).

(S34623). Pale bluish-grey, crystalline limestone. Composed of inter­locking grains of twinned calcite (0.5–2.0 mm) with a small quantity of iron-stained chloritic material, and grains of quartz and albite scattered sparsely through the rock. Black granules, possibly of iron ore, are disseminated uniformly, but in small quantity.

Limestone, medium to coarse-grained, granoblastic.

Britrocks: S34623

Geoscenic: P552789 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552788 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527974 Thin section

SL 138 (p. 24) Loch Tay Limestone. 1250 yd E. by S. of Dunie, 1 mile S.E. of Kirkmichael. 1" Sheet 56; 6" Perth. 32 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 154)

(S34624). Pale bluish-grey medium-grained limestone, discoloured along some bands by yellowish oxidized iron ore. Composed of interlocking grains of calcite (0.3–1.0 mm) among which a few quartz and albite grains (probably recrystallized) are distributed. Specks of black material are abundantly disseminated and are aggregated in scattered clots along with limonite and yellowish isotropic chloritic material. Flakes of muscovite and grains and prisms of apatite are accessory.

Limestone, medium-grained, granoblastic.

Britrocks: S34624

Geoscenic: P552790 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552791 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527975 Thin section

Blair Atholl Limestone

Perth

SL 4 (p. 24) Blair Atholl Limestone. Quarry north of White Bridge, 3 ½ miles S. by E. of Tummel Bridge. 1" Sheet 55; 6" Perth. 38 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 158).

(S34430). Bluish-grey schistose limestone of fine grain with abundant quartz and mica. Schistosity is marked by the elongation of closely twinned calcite and the attitude of mica flakes, and quartz, alkali-feldspar and white mica are concentrated in lenticles parallel to this direction. The calcite grains reach 3 mm in length by 0.8 mm width. The feldspar is turbid and is probably albite. Some pyrite, a little sphene and apatite and possibly graphite are also present.

Limestone with quartz, alkali feldspar and muscovite, coarse-grained, granoschistose, foliated.

Britrocks: S34430(a)

Geoscenic: P552421 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552422 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552423 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552424 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552425 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552426 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527926 Thin section

SL 11 (p. 24) Blair Atholl Limestone. Upper Strathgroy Quarry, 11 miles E. of Blair Atholl. 1" Sheet 55; 6" Perth. 21 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 158).

(S34497). A dove-grey, medium-grained limestone composed of inter­locking grains of closely twinned calcite, about 1 mm grain-size, contain­ing numerous small grains of quartz, 0.1 mm across, at the junctions of the calcite grains. Phlogopite, zoisite and sphene are accessory.

Limestone with quartz and cak-silicates, medium-grained, granoblastic.

Britrocks: S34497

Geoscenic: P552592 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552593 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 12 (p. 24) Blair Atholl Limestone. 480 yd S.S.W. of Shierglass, 1 mile S.E. of Blair Atholl. 1" Sheet 55; 6" Perth. 30 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 157)

(S34498). A dove-grey, medium-grained limestone composed of inter­locking grains of closely-twinned calcite of varying size (about 0.25­–1.0 mm) with a little colourless mica, quartz and scarce turbid alkali-feldspar; accessory pyrite, graphite, limonite, and sphene.

Limestone with quartz and muscovite, medium-grained, granoblastic.

Britrocks: S34498

Geoscenic: P552595 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552594 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 139 (p. 25) Blair Atholl Limestone. Gleann Beag ⅔ mile S.S.W. of Devil's Elbow.1" Sheet 65; 6" Perth. 15 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 157).

(S34625). Dove-grey limestone of medium grain. Composed of inter­locking grains of twinned calcite (0.5–1.5 mm) arranged with slight elongation parallel to a single plane. Grains of quartz, often containing many black granules, and flakes of muscovite are uniformly but not very abundantly scattered through the rock. A few grains and many small granules of ore are disseminated throughout.

Limestone with some quartz and muscovite, medium-grained, granoblastic.

Britrocks: S34625

Geoscenic: P552792 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552793 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Limestone, Sandend Group

Aberdeen

SL 71 (p. 25) Limestone, Sandend Group. Blackhillock Quarry, ¾ mile S. of Coachford and about 5 miles N.W. of Huntly. 1" Sheet 86; 6" Aberdeen. 16 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 48).

(S34511). Grey crystalline limestone with dark micaceous partings. Composed of twinned granular calcite in interdigitating grains of vary­ing size, 0.1 to 2 mm, the larger being elongated along the schistosity. Quartz, muscovite and chlorite are subordinate, and opacite including pyrite, leucoxene and perhaps graphite, accessory. The quartz is dis­tributed as individual grains and as lenticles, the other constituents usually in contorted films swelling in-places to small nests.

Limestone with quartz, muscovite and chlorite, medium-grained, grano-schistose, foliated.

Britrocks: S34511

Geoscenic: P552613 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552612 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527941 Thin section

Banff

SL 68 (p. 25) Limestone, Sandend Group. Blackhillock Quarry, 1½ miles S. by E. of. Keith. 1" Sheet 85; 6" Banff. 20 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 79)

(S34508). Mottled grey and white crystalline limestone, composed of large grains of calcite, 1 to 2 mm across, curvedly twinned. Quartz is accessory, and muscovite and opaque dust are scarce.

Limestone with quartz, coarse-grained, granoblastic, strained.

Britrocks: S34508

Geoscenic: P552606 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552607 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 70 Limestone, Sandend Group. Parkmore Quarry, !I mile N.E. of Dufftown. (p. 25) 1" Sheet 85; 6" Banff. 25 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 80).

(S34510). Pale grey crystalline limestone, with veins of coarse white, curvedly twinned calcite. Composed of sutured and locally granulitized grains of calcite with close curved twinning, 0.5–2 mm grain, traversed by lines of granulation. Quartz, muscovite and opaque, black, white and yellow granules are accessory.

Limestone with quartz, coarse-grained, granoblastic, strained.

Britrocks: S34510

Geoscenic: P552610 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552611 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527795 Hand specimen

SL 72 (p. 25) Limestone, Sandend Group. Hillockhead Quarry, 2 ½ miles W. by S. of Keith. 1" Sheet 85; 6" Banff. 13 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 78)

(S34512). Dove-grey, medium-grained crystalline limestone composed of interlocking grains of closely twinned calcite, 0.5 to 2 mm grain, with numerous small quartz grains at the junctions of the calcite grains. Locally large grains of quartz are elongated along the foliation. Muscovite is a subordinate mineral. Sphene, apatite and graphite are accessory; zoistic epidote is present in some laminae.

Limestone with quartz, muscovite and zoisite, coarse-grained, granoblastic, foliated.

Britrocks: S34512

Geoscenic: P552614 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552615 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552616 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552617 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552618 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527942 Thin section

SL 73 (p. 25) Limestone, Sandend Group. Drumrnuir Quarry, 1¼ miles N.N.E. of Drummuir station. 1" Sheet 85; 6" Banff. 19 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 79).

(S34513). Pale grey crystalline limestone, with thin veins of calcite. It is composed of curvedly twinned calcite of grain 0.5 to 3 mm, which is recrystallized in small clear grains along narrow fracture zones. Quartz is accessory.

Limestone, coarse-grained, granoblastic, strained.

Britrocks: S34513

Geoscenic: P552620 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552619 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 74 (p. 26) Limestone, Sandend Group. Craibstone Quarry, 12 miles S. of Kirkton of Deskford. 1" Sheet 96; 6" Banff. 8 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 78)

(S34514). Mottled grey and white limestone with wavy, dark laminae. It is composed of brecciated sheared limestone, recemented by vein calcite, in which quartz is present in small quantity and muscovite accessory. Graphite is present in the dark laminae.

Limestone with some quartz, sheared.

Britrocks: S34514

Geoscenic: P552622 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552621 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 76 (p. 26) Limestone, Sandend Group. Craig Chailceach (Craighaulkie) Quarry 1 mile W.N.W. of Tomintoul. 1" Sheet 75; 6" Banff. 40 S.W. (Lst., Scot., 1949, p. 80).

(S34516). Grey medium-grained crystalline limestone composed of interlocking grains of calcite, about 1.5 mm across, with abundant accessory quartz in small grains, 0.05 mm diameter. Muscovite, pyrite, black opaque granules and sphene are accessory.

Limestone with quartz, medium-grained, heteroblastic.

Britrocks: S34516

Geoscenic: P552626 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552625 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 75 (p. 26) Limestone, Sandend Group. Quarry, Rinaitin, Glen Rinnes. 1" Sheet 85; 6" Banff. 30 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 80).

(S34515). Banded pale and dark grey, crystalline limestone with mica­ceous films. Composed of elongated grains of calcite, up to 3 mm in length, showing a close, curved twinning and traversed by fracture veins in which both calcite and dolomite are present. Quartz is accessory as small grains enclosed in calcite. In the darker bands the calcite grains are enveloped by black graphitic and pyritous dust. Micas, partly chloritized, are present but scarce.

Limestone, dolomitic, with some quartz, granoschistose, sheared.

Britrocks: S34515

Geoscenic: P552624 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552623 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527943 Thin section

SL 238 (p. 26) Limestone, Sandend Group. Glenisla Quarry, Keith. 1" Sheet 85; 6" Banff. 14 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 78).

(S35271). Grey foliated crystalline limestone of medium grain. The twinned interlocking calcite grains of which the rock is composed are elongated in the plane of foliation and reach 4 mm in length. Quartz is present as a subordinate mineral and forms grains, often with crystal faces, usually about 0.3 mm but up to 0.5 mm across. The content of quartz is about 5–7 per cent, but is variable. Opaque black and yellow granular matter is also present and is certainly in part pyrite, but perhaps includes graphite. Muscovite and phlogopite are accessory; alkali-feldspar scarce.

Limestone with quartz and micas, coarse-grained, granoschistose.

Britrocks: S35271

Geoscenic: P553015 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553014 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P528029 Thin section

SL 239 (p. 26) Limestone, Sandend Group. Richmond Quarry, Dufftown. 1" Sheet 85; 6" Banff. 25 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 80).

(S35272). Grey crystalline limestone, composed of closely twinned interlocking and often sutured grains of calcite, about 1.5 mm across, and subordinate quartz forming not more than 5 per cent, except in small pockets. The quartz grains reach up to 01 mm across. There are a little accessory opaque dust and scarce drops of sphene.

Limestone with quartz, coarse grained, granoblastic.

Britrocks: S35272

Geoscenic: P553016 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553017 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527857 Hand specimen

Geoscenic: P527856 Hand specimen

Limestone, Portsoy Group

Aberdeen

SL 240 (p. 26) Limestone, Portsoy Group. Broadland Quarry, between Drumdelgie and Broadland, 3¼ miles W.N.W. of Huntly. 1" Sheet 86; 6" Aberdeen. 25 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 48).

(S35273). Dark grey crystalline limestone, composed of calcite of varying grain, ranging from 3.0–0.5 mm across, and elongated in the foliation planes, with rather intricate interlocking between the calcite grains and between calcite and quartz. Quartz is present in subordinate amount (fully 5 per cent by eye estimation), in grains ranging from 0.5 to fully 2.0 mm in length. The large grains are intergrown with calcite. Phlogopite and opaque grains, which include pyrite, are abundant accessories.

Limestone with quartz, coarse- to medium-grained, granoschistose and grain-foliated.

Britrocks: S35273

Geoscenic: P553018 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553019 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P528030 Thin section

Banff

SL 67 Limestone, Portsoy Group. Limehillock Quarry, 11 miles N.E. of Grange (p. 27) station. 1" Sheet 86; 6" Banff. 15 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 80)

(S34507). Dove-grey crystalline limestone, composed of equidimensional, 0.5 to 1 mm, grains of calcite, which are closely twinned. Quartz and muscovite are minor minerals, and pyrite and black granules accessory.

Limestone with quartz and muscovite, heteroblastic.

Britrocks: S34507

Geoscenic: P552604 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552605 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Boyne Limestone

Banff

SL 69 (p. 27) Boyne Limestone. Boyne Bay Quarry, 1½ miles E. of Portsoy. 1" Sheet 96; 6" Banff. 4 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 81).

(S34509). Grey-white crystalline limestone with dark laminae. Com­posed of granular twinned calcite, average grain 1 mm, with scarce accessory quartz and muscovite.

Limestone, granoblastic.

Britrocks: S34509

Geoscenic: P552608 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552609 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Deeside Limestone

Aberdeen

SL 77 (p. 27) Deeside Limestone. Deecastle Quarry, ¼ mile N.E. of Deecastle, 51 miles W. of Aboyne. 1" Sheet 66; 6" Aberdeen. 92 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 47).

(S34517). A banded, contact-altered calc-silicate rock composed of wollastonite, diopside, oligoclase, zoisite, epidote, prehnite and sphene.

Wollastonite-rock.

Britrocks: S34517

Geoscenic: P552627 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552628 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 78 (p. 27) Deeside Limestone. Mains of Midstrath Quarry, 4 ½ miles E.S.E. of Aboyne. 1" Sheet 66; 6" Aberdeen. 93 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 47)

(S34518). Crystalline limestone composed of calcite, average grain 1.5 mm, with a subordinate, but considerable, content of calcic scapolite, diopside, orthoclase, albite and accessory tremolite, sphene, apatite and partly oxidized pyrite.

Limestone with scapolite, diopside and feldspars, coarse-grained, granoblastic.

Britrocks: S34518

Geoscenic: P552630 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552629 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527829 Hand specimen

SL 79 (p. 27) Deeside Limestone. Gallowhill Wood Quarry. 1" Sheet 66; 6" Aberdeen. 93 N.B.

(S34519). Crystalline limestone composed of calcite, 0.5 to 1 mm grain, with subordinate scapolite (mizzonite) diopside and orthoclase; accessory sphene, tremolite and iron ore.

Limestone with scapolite, diopside and feldspars, medium-grained, granoblastic.

Kincardine

Britrocks: S34519

Geoscenic: P552632 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552631 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 80 Deeside Limestone. Woodhead Quarry, 300 yd S. of Woodhead Farm, (p. 27) 1½ miles E.S.E. of Banchory. 1" Sheet 66; 6" Kincardine. N.S. 9 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 128).

(S34520). Grey crystalline limestone, 1 to 1.5 mm grain, composed of calcite with abundant but subordinate albite, andesine, hornblende, zoisite, and accessory quartz, biotite, sphene, chlorite, pyrite and apatite. Limestone with zoisite and feldspars, medium-grained, granoblastic.

Britrocks: S34520

Geoscenic: P552634 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552633 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Grantown Limestone

Moray

SL 13 (p. 28) Grantown Limestone. 450 yd S.E. of Coldholme, Dulnain Bridge. 1" Sheet 74; 6" Moray (Elgin.) 32 S.E.

(S34499). Pale grey and yellowish grey banded, medium-grained crystalline limestone. Composed of granular calcite of varying grain, 0.2 to 3 mm, with bands rich in granular potash-feldspar, albite and de­composed plagioclase, together with numerous rounded and prismatic grains of diopside and tremolite and flakes of brown phlogopite. Apatite and sphene are accessory.

Limestone with feldspars, diopside, tremolite and phlogopite, foliated, granoblastic.

(S34500). As above, but plagioclase (oligoclase) is abundant. Diopside forms large ragged prisms. Pale brown phlogopite is an important constituent. Zoisite also is accessory.

Limestone with feldspars, diopside, tremolite and phlogopite, foliated, porphyroblastic.

Britrocks: S34499

Geoscenic: P552596 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552597 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527939 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527939 Thin section

Unclassified Dalradian

Aberdeen

SL 66 (p. 28) Metamorphic Limestone. Quarry at Ladyleys, E. of Old Meldrum. 1" Sheet 87; 6" Aberdeen. 46 N.W.

(S34505). Dark grey banded rock, effervescing with HCl only in some bands. In thin section a banded granulite (hornfels) containing biotite, pyroxene, epidote, calcite, calcic plagioclase, oligoclase and albite, with subordinate muscovite, colourless hornblende and accessory pyrite and sphene, in varying proportions in different bands.

Calcareous calcsilicate-biotite-feldspar-granulite, foliated.

(S34506). Grey limestone of impure type, composed of calcite of varying grain, 0.05 to 1 mm, partly granulitized, with subordinate pyroxene, hornblende, epidote, accessory pyrite, sphene and biotite, scattered grains of plagioclase and small nests of quartz.

Limestone with calcsilicates and quartz, grain-foliated, granoschistose.

Britrocks: S34505

Geoscenic: P552602 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552603 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527940 Thin section

SL 145 (p. 28) Metamorphic limestone. Old quarry 550 yd S.E. of Strichen station. 1" Sheet 87; 6" Aberdeen. 13 N.E.

(S34647). Grey, compact granulite with thin dull white limestone laminae. Composed of quartz and potash feldspar with alternate laminae rich in pale green tremolite and/or pyroxene. Biotite is abundant in ragged poikiloblastic plates in a few laminae. Sphene is usually an abundant accessory. Calcite is present both in quartz-feldspar laminae and in those rich in hornblende, but is confined to thin bands in the rock. Iron ore in irregular grains and aggregates is an abundant accessory.

Calcareous quartz feldspar granulite with talc-silicates, foliated.

Geoscenic: P552806 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552807 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527976 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527831 Hand specimen

SL 146 (p. 28) Limestone. Old Quarry, ⅓ mile N. of Ardlethen. 1"Sheet 87; 6" Aberdeen. 38 S.W.

(S34648). Pale grey, fine-grained limestone with some thin calcite veins. Composed of a matrix of granular calcite (0.2–0-4 mm grain-size) con­taining a large number of phlogopite flakes and grains of diopside. The latter has a salite (001) cleavage in addition to the usual prismatic cleavage. The phlogopite flakes tend to be orientated parallel to one direction.

Calcite-diopside-phlogopite rock, fine-grained, granoblastic.

Britrocks: S34648

Geoscenic: P552808 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552809 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527977 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527840 Hand specimen

GS3 (p. 28) Limestone. Most southerly quarry immediately E. of the road, 200 yd. S. of the school, 3 miles N.W. of Kirkton of Glenbucket. 1" Sheet 75; 6" Aberdeen. 60 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 48).

(S37487). Dove-grey crystalline limestone composed of interlocked, recrystallized calcite crystals up to 1.0 mm across and showing complex lamellar twinning. Granulitization occurs along ill-defined narrow bands. Small rounded quartz grains and white mica flakes are scattered through the rock. Pyrite and opaque black dust are accessory.

Limestone with quartz and phlogopite, medium-grained, grain-foliated, in part granoschistose.

Britrocks: S37487

Geoscenic: P553125 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553124 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Unclassified metamorphic

Inverness

SL 14 (p. 28) Kinlochlaggan Limestone. Quarry near Post Office, Kinlochlaggan. 1" Sheet 63; 6" Inverness. 115 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 114).

(S34501). Greyish white, coarsely crystalline limestone, composed of large (4 mm) irregularly interlocking, often sutured plates of twinned calcite containing small grains of oligoclase, quartz, tremolite and sulphide ore as accessory minerals.

Limestone, coarse-grained, with peripheral granulation, diablastic.

Britrocks: S34501

Geoscenic: P552598 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552599 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 15 (p. 29) Limestone. Quarry N. of Loch an Eilean, 2¾ miles S. by E. of Aviemore. 1" Sheet 74; 6" Inverness. 73 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 115).

(S34502). Whitish grey, moderately coarsely crystalline limestone com­posed of interlocking grains of twinned calcite (1 to 2 mm) with numerous subordinate minerals including quartz, alkali-feldspar, tremolite and small, 0.01 mm, grains of zoisite. Sphene and apatite are accessory.

Limestone with some quartz, feldspar and calcsilicates, coarse-grained, granoblastic.

Britrocks: S34502

Geoscenic: P552601 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552600 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527782 Hand specimen

SL 241 (p. 29) Limestone. Glenlia Quarry, near Foyers. 1" Sheet 73; 6" Inverness. 41 S.E.

(S35274). A dull, compact, grey, greenish and pinkish-mottled lime­stone. Composed essentially of calcite, calc-silicates, mica and feldspar, with accessory sphene. The calcite is in grains up to 0.5 mm across. The caic-silicates include zoisite, epidote, pyroxene, pale green tremo-lite, the total and relative abundance of which vary from place to place. The feldspar is chiefly potash-feldspar and shows microcline twinning occasionally. Some albite is also present. The mica is a brown phlogopite.

Limestone with feldspathic calcsilicate folia, foliated, granoschistose.

Geoscenic: P553021 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553020 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P528031 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527862 Hand specimen

Lower Cambrian

Fucoid Beds

Sutherland

M 2926 (p. 29) Dolomite limestone in fucoid shales. Near Chrudaidh, Kyle of Durness. 1" Sheet 114; 6" Sutherland 14 N.E. (Anal. W. Pollard, in 'The Geo­logical Structure of the North-West Highlands of Scotland,' 1907, Mem. Geol. Surv., p. 637).

(S8132). Dark red fine-grained, crystalline dolomite: composed of a matrix of granular dolomite, of grain ranging down from 0.2 mm to minutely crystalline, in which are set numerous echinodermal fragments and long, structureless pieces of single-crystal carbonate which may in some cases be algal in origin, together with brachiopod shell fragments and opacized, laminar, thin sections perhaps of trilobite carapace. Angular to subangular, ill-sorted grains of quartz, chalcedonic silica and alkali-feldspar, and granular aggregates of sericite and streaks of chert are common. Oolitic carbonate grains, yellow tourmaline and colourless zircon are accessory.

Dolomite with quartz and chert, varigrained, zoichnic, clastichnic.

Britrocks: S8132B

Geoscenic: P553140 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553141 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553143 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Durness Limestone: Group I (Ghrudaidh)

Sutherland

SL 269 (p. 29) Dolomite. N. side of Allt a' Chalda Mòr, about 500 yd E. 15° S. of Ardvreck Castle and about 1¼ miles N.N.W. of Inchnadamph Hotel. 1" Sheet 107; 6" Sutherland. 71 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 191. Note: the percentages of CaCO3 and of MgCO3 for SL 269 and SL 270 have been interchanged in error on p. 191).

Bulk sample.

Cambro-Ordovician

Durness Limestone: Group II (Eilen Dubh)

Inverness. (Skye)

SL 252 (p. 29) Dolomite. Between road and shore, just N. of bridge, Ord. 1" Sheet 71; 6" Inverness. (Skye) 51 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 123; see also present memoir, p. 6).

(S35352). Grey compact dolomite, composed of interlocking grains or ill-formed rhombs of dolomite, 0.1–0.2 mm. across. The rock is traversed by very thin cracks which are filled with cherty silica, occasion­ally quartz, and lined with limonite or limonitic clay.

Dolomite, medium-grained, mosaic, fractured.

Britrocks: S35352

Geoscenic: P553040 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553041 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Ross and Cromarty

SL 255 (p. 29) Dolomite. Roadside 680 yd S. of Tornapress Bridge, Kishorn. 1" Sheet 80; 6" Ross and Cromarty. 110 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 167)

(S35355). A pale, flesh-grey, compact dolomite with flinty fracture. It is traversed by thin cracks filled with white dolomite. In thin section the rock is seen to be composed of small grains of dolomite, 0.01–0.05 mm across, with veins and patches of coarser grain, up to 0.3 mm.

Quartz grains, 0.05 0.07 mm across, are numerous, but on the whole probably form less than 5 per cent by volume of the rock. There are occasional films of limonitic silt of stylolitic character.

Dolomite, luteous, fine-grained, breccioid.

Britrocks: S35355

Geoscenic: P553048 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553049 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P531427 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527875 Hand specimen

SL 256 (p. 30) Dolomite. Cliff on shore of Loch Kishorn, 350 yd S.E. of Seafield. 1" Sheet 81; 6" Ross and Cromarty. 110 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 167)

(S35356). A dove-grey, compact, structureless dolomite. Composed of grains of dolomite of uniform size, 0.01–0.04 mm, among which small grains, 0.01 mm, of quartz are common and occasionally concentrated in short narrow streaks. The grains of the dolomite are a little coarser in narrow, interrupted, vein-like courses.

Dolomite, luteous, micrograined, granular.

Britrocks: S35356

Geoscenic: P553050 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553051 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527869 Hand specimen

Sutherland

SL 270 (p. 30) Dolomite. N. side of Allt a'Chalda Mix., about 500 yd E. 15° S. of Ardvreck Castle and about 1¼ miles N.W. of Inchnadamph Hotel. 1" Sheet 107; 6" Sutherland 71 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 191; see note on SL 269 above).

Bulk sample.

SL 272 (p. 30) Dolomite. Amhainn a'Chnocain. N. side of stream, about 720 yd upstream from road-bridge over stream S. of Elphin.

Britrocks: S35797

Geoscenic: P553066 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553067 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 273 (p. 30) Dolomite. As preceding, about 770 yd upstream from the bridge.

Britrocks: S8283

Geoscenic: P553146 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553147 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 274 (p. 30) Dolomite. As preceding, about 800–850 yd upstream from the bridge.

SL 272–4 (p. 30) Dolomite with some chert. Amhainn a'Chnocain; bulk sample from three preceding localities. 1" Sheet 101; 6" Sutherland 91 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 191).

(S35797). A bluish-white compact marble, traversed by thin fracture veins without definite direction. The thin section is composed of equidimensional grains of dolomite, 0.05–0.1 mm across, but is coarser (0.1–0.2 mm size) in patches. Narrow lines of trituration and iron staining traverse the rock and appear to be followed by nodular segrega­tions of cherty silica. Chert also forms irregular masses with which the coarser dolomite is sometimes associated, and the coarser crystallization of the dolomite and the aggregation of this chert both appear to be earlier than the fracturing of the rock.

Dolomite with chert, fine-grained, granular.

Britrocks: S8130

Geoscenic: P553137 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553136 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

M 2892 (p. 31) Dolomite. A'Choil-sgeir, near Eilean Hoan, Durness. 1" Sheet 114; 6" Sutherland 6 N.W. (Anal. W. Pollard, in 'The Geological Structure of the North-West Highlands of Scotland', 1907, Mem. Geol. Surv., p. 637).

(S8283). Pale reddish fine-grained dolomite composed of grains of dolomite, 0.05 to 0.2 mm across, with some ferruginous matter present in stylolitic films. An irregular network of healed fractures pervades the rock. Quartz occurs in thin veins some of which follow lines of fracture.

Dolomite, fine-grained, mosaic, fractured.

Britrocks: S8131

Geoscenic: P553139 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553138 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

M 2893 (p. 31) Dolomite. Eilean Hoan, 2½ miles E. of Durness. 1" Sheet 114; 6" Sutherland 6 N.W. (Anal. W. Pollard, in 'The Geological Structure of the North-West Highlands of Scotland', 1907, Mem. Geol. Surv., p. 637)

(S8130). Uniform, grey, moderately fine-grained dolomite; composed of interlocking grains, frequently rhomboid, of turbid dolomite, 0.2–0.3 mm across. This uniform mass is traversed by thin, impersistent films of ferruginous clay.

Dolomite, medium-grained, mosaic.

Dolomite. Eilean Hoan, 2.5 miles east of Durness. Sutherland. Uniform, grey, moderately fine-grained dolomite; composed of interlocking grains, frequently rhomboid, of turbid dolomite, 0.2 - 0.3 mm across. This uniform mass is traversed by thin, impersistent films of ferruginous clay. Dolomite, medium-grained, mosaic. M02893. Britrocks S8132B.

Britrocks: S8132B

Geoscenic: P553142 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

M 2900 (p. 31) Dolomite. Eilean Hoan, Durness. 1" Sheet 114; 6" Sutherland 6 N.W. (Anal. W. Pollard in 'The Geological Structure of the North-West High­lands of Scotland', 1907, Mem. Geol. Surv. p. 637).

(S8131). Uniform, grey, fine-grained dolomite showing small red flecks; composed of interlocking grains of clear dolomite, 0.1 mm across, among which minor quantities of angular quartz, 0.05 mm average grain, and granules of red iron oxide are uniformly distributed.

Dolomite, luteous, fine-grained, mosaic.

SL 175 (p. 31) Dolomite. Stream 5/6 mile S. of Keoldale, about 75 yd upstream from road. 1" Sheet 114; 6" Sutherland 5 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 188).

The analyses were made on composite samples of which the four speci­mens described below are representative, but the proportions of the various types may have differed in the samples supplied for Anal. M 23799 and Anal. GS1203 respectively.

(S34842). A fine-grained, uniform dolomite of grain size about 0.1 mm. Local patches of coarser grain with occasional limonitic fillings along the cleavages occur. Stylolitic films of limonitic clay are present but scarce and there are traces of quartz.

Dolomite, fine-grained, mosaic.

(S34843). Bedded dolomite, with alternating laminae of 0.01 to 0.05 mm grain containing numerous streaky impregnations of limonite and occasional laminae of chert and ferruginous material. Small angular grains of quartz are numerous and the rock probably contains some clay.

Dolomite, luteous, pelitomorphic to micrograined, taxichnic, thin-bedded.

(S34844). Fine-grained, sandy dolomite with some bands of slightly coarser material; composed of grains of dolomite, about 0.03 mm average grain, with subordinate quartz and alkali-feldspar in angular grains up to 0.1 mm long, and some muscovite in small thin flakes. The rock is cut by thin veins of coarser dolomite.

Dolomite, duteous to arenaceous, fine-grained, taxichnic, mosaic.

(S34845). Dolomite of grain varying between 0.03 and 0.3 mm. There is a local cement of limonite which is only enough to form coatings to the dolomite grains. Limonite is present also along lines of fracture. The variation in grain-size is abrupt so that the rock has a brecciated or nodular appearance in hand specimen, but enclosure of limonitic dust trains in the large dolomite grains suggests that recrystallization to coarse dolomite is later than the fracturing of the rock. Chert occurs in sporadic vacuoles.

Dolomite, varigrained, breccioid, mosaic.

Britrocks: S34842

Geoscenic: P552838 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552839 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527987 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527986 Thin section

SL 177 (p. 32) Dolomite. Hillside, 780 yd N.18°E. of Eireboll House and 330 yd W. of Free Church. 1" Sheet 114; 6" Sutherland 24 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 189). Composite samples.

(S34846). Very fine-grained dolomite of grain-size ranging down from 0.05 mm. The rock contains accessory grains of quartz and flakes of muscovite and is traversed by thin impersistent streaks of chert. Dolomite, micrograined, granular.

Britrocks: S34846

Geoscenic: P552841 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552840 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Durness Limestone: Group III (Sailmhor)

Sutherland

SL 176 (p. 32) Dolomite. Field about 350 yd S.S.W. of Sarsgrum, about 50 yd E. of the road. 1" Sheet 114; 6" Sutherland 5 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 187). The analyses were made on composite samples, the most prominent components of which are represented by the specimens described below; but the proportions of the various types may have differed somewhat in the samples supplied for Anal. M23800 and Anal. GS1202, respectively

(S34838). Crystalline dolomite of grain-size varying from 0.2–0.6 mm and of a slightly brown colour in transmitted light. The grains, are interlocking and mostly of irregular shape but a proportion of them show rhomboid outlines. Ferruginous clay locally forms impersistent, inter-granular films.

Dolomite, medium-grained, mosaic.

(S34839). A fine granular dolomite showing non-uniform distribution of grain-size. The slide includes parts with grain of about 0.1 mm, irregularly and transitionally mixed with coarser grained dolomite of about 0.4 mm grain-size. Ferruginous material is present in very small quantity as short films and intergranular pellicles.

Dolomite, varigrained, breccioid, mosaic.

(S34840). Dolomite of grain-size about 0.3 mm traversed by a diffuse network of coarser grained dolomite (0.6–1.5 mm). All of it has a brownish tint. A little chert is present in thin veins which seem to replace the dolomite, pieces of which are left optically continuous on the opposite sides of the veins. Some granular quartz and ferruginous matter are also present.

Dolomite, medium-grained, breccioid, mosaic.

(S34841). Dolomite of uniform grain-size, 0.5–1.0 mm. The grains are equidimensional and anhedral, no rhomboid outlines having been observed. Limonite is present in small quantity as granules and inter-granular films.

Dolomite, medium-grained, mosaic.

Britrocks: S34838

Geoscenic: P552837 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552836 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527985 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527984 Thin section

M 2895 (p. 32) Dolomite. Quarry 150 yd E. of Sango Bay, Durness. 1" Sheet 114; 6" Sutherland 6 N.W. (Anal. W. Pollard in 'The Geological Structure of the North-West Highlands of Scotland', 1907, Mem. Geol. Surv., p. 637)

(S8129). Black and pale grey mottled, crystalline dolomite of medium grain ('Leopard Stone'); composed of interlocking grains of dolomite, 0.3 to 0.5 mm across, in which the only impurity is the dark dust, shown by Pollard to be carbon, which is uniformly present in the dark areas and patchily distributed in the grains of the grey areas.

Dolomite, medium-grained, mosaic.

Durness Limestone: Group IV (Sangomore)

Britrocks: S8129

Geoscenic: P553135 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553134 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Sutherland

M 2921 (p. 32) Dolomitic limestone. Limestone Skerry, Baile na Cille (Balnakeil) Bay. 1" Sheet 114; 6" Sutherland 5 N.E. (Rough analysis by W. Pollard in The Geological Structure of the North-West Highlands of Scotland', 1907, Mem. Geol. Surv., p. 637, specimen No. M2921).

(S40167). Dark and pale grey, thin bedded limestone. Clean limestone, made of fine calcite dust and thin, small shells, forms irregular fragments and slivers in a darker argillaceous limestone containing few shells. Small dolomite rhombs, up to 0.05 mm across, are common and angular quartz chips, of similar size, are sparse in both varieties; small cubes of pyrite are scarce.

Limestone, dolomitic, luteous, micrograined, fossiliferous,

Britrocks: S8133

Geoscenic: P553145 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553144 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Durness Limestone: Group V (Balnakiel) Inverness (Skye)

SL 245 (p. 32) Altered limestone. Old marble quarry, 1½ miles N.W. of Broadford church and ¼ mile W. of the Sligachan road. 1" Sheet 71; 6" Inverness. (Skye) 40 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 120).

(S35345). A white, grey-mottled, altered limestone of aphanitic aspect. In thin section composed of interlocking grains of calcite, about 0.5 mm across, which enclose or interlock with aggregates of brucite. These aggregates are equidimensional and often show the sharp crystal edges of the mineral they pseudomorph (periclase). Forsterite is also present in small grains altered more or less to serpentine. Some grains of rutile and octahedra of periclase are present.

Limestone with brucite, medium grained, granoblastic.

Britrocks: S35345

Geoscenic: P553026 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553027 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527859 Hand specimen

SL 248 (p. 33) Marble. Marble quarry 800 yd S.40°E. of Cill Chriosd (Kilchrist) church. 1" Sheet 71; 6" Inverness. (Skye) 46 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 121)

(S35348). A white translucent saccharoidal marble. Composed of interlocking grains of dolomite which are equidimensional but only rarely rhomboid and are usually about 0.5 mm across. There are a very few grains of forsterite, serpentinized along cracks.

Dolomite, medium-grained, granoblastic.

Britrocks: S35348

Geoscenic: P553032 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553033 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527860 Hand specimen

Geoscenic: P527870 Hand specimen

Durness Limestone: Group VI (Croisaphuill) Inverness. (Skye)

SL 246 (p. 33) Limestone. Torran, end of side road to Dun Beag. 1" Sheet 71; 6" Inverness. (Skye) 46 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 122).

(S35346). A banded grey and white limestone. Composed essentially of fine, often elongated grains of carbonate, 0.5–0-3 mm across, the grey band being finer-grained than the white. There is an accessory pro­portion of small equidimensional grains of forsterite. Crushed rock dissolved in 1:1 cold HCl gives a small residue showing also dolomite, diopside, tremolite and muscovite or talc aggregate.

Limestone, medium-grained, grain-foliated, granoschistose.

Limestone. Torran, end of side road to Dun Beag. Skye (Inverness). A banded grey and white limestone. Composed essentially of fine, often elongated grains of carbonate, 0.5 - 0.3 mm across, the grey band being finer-grained than the white. There is an accessory proportion of small equidimensional grains of forsterite. Crushed rock dissolved in 1: 1 cold HCl gives a small residue showing also dolomite, diopside, tremolite and muscovite or talc aggregate. Limestone, medium-grained, grain-foliated, granoschistose. SL0246. Britrocks S35346.

Britrocks: S35346

Geoscenic: P553028 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553029 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 247 (p. 33) Limestone. Torran, Dun Beag. 1" Sheet 71; 6" Inverness. (Skye) 46 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 123.)

(S35347). A darkish grey limestone with saccharoidal texture, which shows bedding by alternation of paler and darker grey tints. Composed of a mosaic of grains of carbonate, 0.1–0.2 mm across, often elongated in the direction of bedding. Scattered among the carbonate are prismatic sections of a mineral almost wholly replaced by turbid calcite. In one place a relic of the original mineral suggests itself as tremolite.

Limestone, medium-grained, grain-foliated.

Britrocks: S35347

Geoscenic: P553030 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553031 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527865 Hand specimen

SL 249 (p. 33) Limestone. Roadside 550–650 yd S.W. of Cill Chriosd (Kilchrist) Church. 1" Sheet 71; 6" Inverness. (Skye) 46 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 121).

(S35349). A grey, fine-grained saccharoidal limestone. In thin section shows patchily varying grain, being mostly of grain-size 0.05–02 mm, but in places 0.01 mm or less and elsewhere of coarse grain up to 1.0 mm. Associated with the coarser carbonate are small areas of microcrystalline aggregate consisting of clear grains of carbonate and dark finely granular calcsilicates which include pyroxene and tremolite. Curved areas of coarser grain than the groundmass represent shell fragments.

Limestone with calcsilicates, varigrained, zoophasmic.

Britrocks: S35349

Geoscenic: P553035 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553034 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P531424 Thin section

Durness Limestone, unclassified

Sutherland

SL 271 (p. 33) Marble. Roadside 430 yd E.N.E. of Ledbeg. 1" Sheet 101; 6" Sutherland 82 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 191).

(S35796). A massive, structureless, compact, white marble, with faint yellow patternless markings. Composed of an aggregate of shapeless interlocking grains of calcite, 0.05–0.15 mm in size. These are generally traversed by very close set cleavage and twinning planes. In places the rock shows a mottling due to angularly patchy distribution of clear and turbid calcite. The clear patches are composed of the small grains and the turbid patches seem to be relics of large crystals in which almost submicroscopic striations (due to cleavage or twinning or both) have been produced. The striations are subparallel throughout the patch and are interrupted where new small grains with broader twin lamellae have crystallized. The orientation of the lamellae in such grains is diverse. In places narrow lines of shear are shown by granulation and parallel orientation of calcite grains and by a lining of thin serpentine flakes. Pseudomorphs of olivine in serpentine are sporadic in the rock as individual crystals or clusters. Phlogopite also is present in small flakes and aggregates, the calcite associated with which is coarser in grain than elsewhere in the rock. The rock is a marble triturated by stress.

Limestone, serpentinous, varigrained, sheared.

Britrocks: S35796

Geoscenic: P553064 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553065 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P531432 Thin section

Ordovician

Ayr

SL 152 (p. 33) Craighead (Stinchar) Limestone. Craighead Limeworks, 1 miles N.N.E. of Old Dailly and 3½ miles N.E. of Girvan. 1" Sheet 14; 6" Ayr. 50 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 61).

(S34654). Compact limestone, pale green mottled with white. Large algal growths, in finely granular clear calcite, are embedded in a turbid, very fine textured aggregate of calcite granules probably with clay admixture and in places cemented by Girvanella. In this base the main fossils are echinodermal and polyzoan fragments and a few thin-walled shells. The base has a patchy appearance suggesting the break-up of a clean limestone followed by packing of more muddy limestone round the fragments. A few tiny quartz grains are scattered in the turbid limestone. The rock is traversed by calcite-filled cracks.

Limestone, luteous, pelitomorphic, algal, homoiolithic.

Geoscenic: P527981 Thin section

SL 153 (p. 34) Stinchar Limestone (lower, dark portion). Tormitchell Quarry, 3 miles N.N.E. of Pinmore railway station. 1" Sheet 8; 6" Ayr. 56 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 61).

(S34655). Dark grey compact limestone, composed of finely granular clear calcite mixed with turbid, possibly argillaceous, calcite aggregate of fine grain, through which black carbonaceous specks are scattered loosely. The larger constituents include fragments of shells, small entire shells, round bodies with granular calcite, aggregates of Girvanella and wisps of limonitic clay.

Limestone, argillaceous, pelitomorphic to micrograined, zoichnic.

Britrocks: S34655

Geoscenic: P552826 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552827 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 154 (p. 34) Stinchar Limestone (upper, grey portion). Locality as SL 153.

(S34656). Pale buff, or cream-coloured, compact limestone with semi-crystalline lustre. Composed of a matrix of clear calcite, of 0.05–0-3 mm grain, containing ooliths and numerous fairly well sorted calcareous pebbles, comprising subrounded fragments and knobby spheroids from 0.3–1.5 mm in size, perhaps of algal origin, subangular to rounded pieces of very fine-grained limestone containing ooliths and crinoid fragments but sometimes uniformly structureless, and rare crinoid ossicles. The rock is traversed by many thin calcite-filled cracks which show tensional rupture without lateral displacements. A few quartz grains are present in the matrix and in the semi-opaque limestone.

Limestone, fine-grained, oolitic, pseudo-oolitic.

Britrocks: S34656

Geoscenic: P552828 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552829 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527982 Thin section

SL 266 (p. 34) Stinchar Limestone. Aldons Limeworks, 1½ miles S. of Pinmore station. 1" Sheet 7; 6" Ayr. 62 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 62).

(S35504). A dark grey compact limestone showing films of calcite coating irregular joints or fracture surfaces. Microscopically it is a calcilutite (calcite-mudstone) greatly recrystallized to clear granular cal­cite, 0.02–0.01 mm grain size. Numerous aggregations of algal tubes (Girvanella) are present and have in part resisted the recrystallization which has affected the matrix. Ostracods are common and parts of the rock are rich in crinoid columnals and shell fragments. A little quartz (about 3–5%) is present and pyrite in similar proportions occurs in small irregular grains and clots. In places clayey material is present in sufficient quantity to give the appearance of a calcite breccia with clay matrix. The rock contains fragments of pelitomorphic limestone and is veined and patched by coarsely crystallized calcite.

Limestone, varigrained, zoichnic, clastizoic, homoiolithic.

Britrocks: S35504

Geoscenic: P553061 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553060 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P531430 Thin section

SL 267 (p. 34) Stinchar Limestone. Kirkdominae Hill, Auchensoul Farm, 2 miles W. of Barr. 1" Sheet 8; 6" Ayr. 56 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 64).

(S35505). A fine-grained compact, dark grey limestone. Microscopi­cally the rock is a calcilutite (calcite-mudstone) recrystallized so far that the matrix is an admixture of turbid brown carbonate and clear fine-grained calcite, but without the destruction of the numerous fossil remains of Girvanella and ostracods. Scarce fragments of crinoid, polyzoan and shell, possibly brachiopod, are present. Pyrite is scattered in small grains and clots through the rock as an accessory constituent, and there are stylolitic wisps of limonitic clay.

Limestone, argillaceous, pelitomorphic, microfossiliferous, zoichnic.

Britrocks: S35505

Geoscenic: P553062 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553063 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P531431 Thin section

Lower Old Red Sandstone

Angus

SL 27 (p. 34) Nodular cornstone. Old quarry 400 yd W.S.W. of Huntley Hill, 2½ miles N.E. of Brechin. 1" Sheet 57; 6" Angus 27 N.W.

(S34548). Dark grey-brown compact limestone composed of finely divided turbid calcite, recrystallized along dessication cracks to a coarser grain. Angular grains of quartz and subordinate plagioclase, felsite with microporphyritic quartz, chert and feldspathic siltstone are abundant and range from 1 mm downwards in length. Long slivers of muscovite, biotite, oxidized biotite and chlorite are present. Garnet and staurolite are scarce accessories.

Limestone, arenaceous, micrograinsd, in part clotted.

Britrocks: S34548

Geoscenic: P552684 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552683 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527949 Thin section

Middle Old Red Sandstone

Caithness

SL 163 (p. 34) Flaggy limestone. Stream ½ mile E.S.E. of Halkirk station. 1" Sheet 116; 6" Caithness 17 N.E. Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 83).

(S34850). Black limestone flag with thin lamination in shades of grey. In thin section alternating bands are seen to consist of: (1) coarser bands containing rhombs of dolomite up to 01 mm across, angular quartz grains, usually in subordinate proportion but sometimes abundant, plagioclase and scarce muscovite flakes, in a matrix of shapeless calcite obscured by disseminated bitumen or bituminous clay; (2) thin bands and lenticles of finely granular carbonate containing rhombs of dolomite, but little quartz or bituminous matter; (3) films of reddish-brown almost opaque bituminous clay. In places these films almost coalesce to form thin bands of gritty, calcareous bituminous shale.

Limestone, dolomitic, luteous, bituminous, varigrained, laminar.

Britrocks: S34850

Geoscenic: P552852 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552853 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527990 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527838 Hand specimen

SL 167 (p. 35) Limestone. Robbery Head, S. of Lybster. 1" Sheet 110; 6" Caithness 39 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 83).

(S34851). Dark fine-grained dolomitic limestone, thinly laminated in shades of grey. In thin section the rock has a micronodular appearance, smooth and corrugated lenticles of clear granular carbonate being swathed in a darker matrix lined with corrugated films of bituminous matter. The clear carbonate is predominantly dolomite with which some quartz is associated while the darker matrix consists of anhedral calcite, dolomite rhombs, bituminous clay and clastic quartz. The grain-size of dolomite and quartz may be 0 mm but is usually less. Small flakes of muscovite and biotite are present, mostly in the argillaceous laminae.

Limestone, dolomitic, luteous, bituminous, varigrained, micronodular.

Britrocks: S34851

Geoscenic: P552855 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527991 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527836 Hand specimen

SL 282 (p. 35) Limestone. Quarry, 1450 yd S. by W. of Achvarasdal, Reay. 1" Sheet 115; 6" Caithness 10 S.W.

(S35911). A pale buff compact limestone, composed essentially of rather turbid calcite in grains 0.01–0.15 mm across, with scattered larger grains. Angular quartz, up to 0.15 mm grain-size, white mica, in flakes generally 0.1 mm long, and potash-feldspar are abundantly distributed in the rock and are concentrated along thin laminae coloured dark by bituminous matter. In a concentration of minerals insoluble in cold dilute HCl, chlorite, hornblende and clay are found as accessory con­stituents, and it is seen that potash-feldspar has developed crystal faces during regrowth.

Limestone, luteous, fine-grained, with sapropelitic laminae.

Britrocks: S35911

Geoscenic: P553107 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553106 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P531447 Thin section

Geoscenic: P531446 Thin section

Upper Old Red Sandstone

Angus

SL 26 (p. 35) Gritty Limestone. Old quarry 200 yd W. 30° N. of Dubton station. 1" Sheet 57; 6" Angus 20 S.W.

(S34547). White pink-speckled saccharoidal gritty limestone composed of granular calcite, grain-size about 0.25 mm, and subordinate but abun­dant quartz and some potash-feldspar in angular to subangular grains of fairly uniform size (0.15–0.4 mm). There are a few pebbles of corn-stone and pebbly grains of strained quartz, fine sandstone or greywacke and felsite. Chlorite is accessory; tourmaline, anatase, zircon and apatite scarce.

Limestone, arenaceous, medium-grained, subpoikilocrystallic.

Britrocks: S34547

Geoscenic: P552682 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552681 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Ayr

SL 94 (p. 35) Cornstone. Craigdullyeart Limeworks, 3 miles E.N.E. of New Cumnock. 1" Sheet 15; 6" Ayr. 42 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 65).

(S34560). Dull cream-coloured rock which is much fractured. It is composed of a mixture of very fine-grained turbid carbonate and re­crystallized granular carbonate of grain-size varying from 0.03–0.3 mm. Rarely short tubules in the fine, turbid component suggest that it is partly algal in origin. In recrystallization clay material is concentrated sometimes round the periphery of relict pieces of fine-grained carbonate, sometimes interstitially between the recrystallized grains. Angular quartz and subordinate alkali-feldspar grains, up to 0.5 mm long, occur abundantly in patches; clay is present as impersistent irregular films; flakes of chlorite and grains of chert are accessory.

Limestone, irregularly gritty and clayey, fine-grained, algal, clotted in part, breccioid.

Britrocks: S34560(a)

Geoscenic: P552713 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552712 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527953 Thin section

SL 155 (p. 35) Cornstone. Lannielane Limeworks, 5 miles W.S.W. of Straiton; band in stream below the main worked limestone. 1" Sheet 14; 6" Ayr. 51 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 65).

(S34657). Dense whitish limestone with calcite veins and aggregations divided into indistinct nodules. In section it is seen to be a finely granular limestone of even grain averaging 0.03 mm. Veins and less well-defined insertions of coarsely crystalline clear calcite ramify through the fine-grained component. A few quartz and feldspar grains up to 0.2 mm in length are present among the fine calcite.

Limestone, fine-grained, crook-veined, breccioid.

Britrocks: S34657

Geoscenic: P552830 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552831 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 156 (p. 35) Cornstone. Lannielane Limeworks; main worked band. 1" Sheet 14; 6" Ayr. 51 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 64).

(S34658). Dense, pale buff limestone containing impersistent veins or segregations of white calcite. Composed of very fine-grained granular carbonate (0.01 mm or less) which is patchily recrystallized, sometimes to a granular aggregate of 0.02–0.04 mm grain-size, sometimes to quite coarse segregations of clear calcite. Small rhombs of dolomite or ankerite occur sporadically in the fine calcite and also line a vein of coarse calcite. These are destroyed by a late infiltration of yellow chert, the latter replacing the dolomite with ejection of limonite. Grains of quartz, up to 0.5 mm, are scattered sparsely through the fine-grained limestone and are coated with and enclose granules of opaque matter, probably limonitic clay.

Limestone, in part arenaceous, micrograined, clotted, breccioid.

Britrocks: S34658(a)

Geoscenic: P552832 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552833 Mag: 40 : XPL

Geoscenic: P552834 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552835 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527983 Thin section

SL 170 (p. 36) Cornstone. Middlefield Quarry, 1½ miles N.W. of Muirkirk. 1" Sheet 23; 6" Ayr. 25 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 65).

(S34854). A brownish-grey limestone mottled in light and darker shades and of stony appearance. Composed of turbid fine-grained carbonate which is recrystallized along a diffuse network of channels to anhedral carbonate of grain-size 0.03–0.1 mm. This coarser clear carbonate (calcite) occupies extensive areas free from the turbid type. The latter contains numerous pellet structures which are sometimes uniformly almost opaque, sometimes composed of an opaque rind on a clear granular centre. Elsewhere the pellet structure is absent or forms only part of a more complex structural aggregate. Rarely irregular concentric structure suggests algal origin. It seems as if the carbonate had been originally deposited as a mud, in which perhaps worms worked faecal pellets, and that this had been brecciated and recrystallized. Streaks of opaque limonite are present.

Limestone, fine to micrograined, clotted, micronodular.

Britrocks: S34854

Geoscenic: P552858 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552859 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527993 Thin section

SL 257 (p. 36) Cornstone. Right bank of Poldownie Burn, 600 yd E.N.E. of Glenmuir-Shaw. 1" Sheet 15; 6" Ayr. 37 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 65).

(S35454). A pale purplish, compact limestone containing marly red spots and nests of white, more coarsely crystalline, calcite. The rock is composed of finely granular calcite of grain-size 0.02–0.05 mm. Short films of clay are present but scarce. The grain of the rock increases over small areas and coarse-grained calcite occurs along indefinite nodose channels. Quartz is sparsely distributed as single and composite grains.

Limestone, subarenaceous, fine-grained, granular.

Britrocks: S35454

Geoscenic: P553052 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553053 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Fife

SL 104 (p. 36) Cornstone. Vane Quarries, Benarty Hill. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife 26 S.E.

(S34587). Banded greenish and grey limestone. The section appears to show a greenish band only and it is composed of subrounded quartz grains, with a low proportion of alkali-feldspar grains, cemented by calcite. Many quartz grains show regrowth rims which interlock with the calcite cement. Zircon and rutile are accessory. Alkali-feldspar includes microcline, albite and perthite.

Calcareous, feldspathic, sandstone.

Britrocks: S34587

Geoscenic: P552767 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552766 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527817 Hand specimen

Kincardine

SL 24 (p. 36) Cornstone. Old limekiln at base of cliff, 400 yd N.N.E. of Seagreens, East Mathers. 1" Sheet 57; 6" Kincardine. 27 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 128).

(S34545). Purplish-grey, compact limestone with veins of clear calcite. Composed of granular calcite, the rock has the patchy distribution of fine, medium and coarse grains typical of cornstones, suggesting the original rock as of fine texture, 0.005 mm grain, with coarser material recrystallized or depositing in drying cracks. Relics of the original very fine semi-opaque carbonate-rock show pellet-structure and, rarely, a cellular structure which may indicate algal growths.

Limestone, fine-grained, pelleted, micronodular, breccioid.

Britrocks: S34545

Geoscenic: P552677 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552678 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527948 Thin section

Midlothian

SL 180 (p. 36) Cornstone. Quarry 400 yd W. by N. of Selms, 1¼ miles S. of East Calder. 1" Sheet 32; 6" Midlothian 5 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 141).

(S34901). A nodular rock composed of larger buff nodules which effervesce freely in cold dilute HCl and greenish non-effervescent nodules, in a fine breccia-like base containing much recrystallized or infiltrated calcite. The slide appears to include only the greenish nodules and these are composed of silty micaceous argillite or mudstone, marginally replaced by prisms of calcite growing in from the infilling calcite. The latter is composed of coarse grains which show growth zones and in places two periods of growth separated by a period of silica deposition. Some of the vein-like infillings contain also a central deposit of chalcedonic quartz.

Mudstone, calcite-veined.

Britrocks: S34901

Geoscenic: P552893 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552892 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P528000 Thin section

Moray

SL 105 (p. 36) Cornstone. Cothall Limestone Quarry, 2½ miles S.W. of Forres. 1" Sheet 84; 6" Moray (Elgin.) 10 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 148).

(S34584). Dull white and pale green limestone. Composed of finely granular calcite of patchily varying grain, recrystallized to coarser clear calcite along ill-defined channels. The granular calcite contains much brownish matter, possibly clayey, disseminated through it and locally sufficiently abundant to form a thin cement. Subangular quartz grains up to 0.5 mm across are scattered through the rock.

Limestone, subarenaceous, fine-grained, granular.

Britrocks: S34584

Geoscenic: P552761 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552760 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Upper Old Red Sandstone (near top)

Argyll

SL 283 (p. 37) Cornstone. 250 yd N. of Toward Taynuill. 1" Sheet 29; 6" Argyll. 194 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 39).

(S35912). A whitish compact dolomite, saccharoidal on fresh fracture, composed of equidimensional, sometimes rhomboidal, grains of dolomite, 0.05 to 0.4 mm, which is considerably turbidized by mineral dust. Calcite occurs locally in pockets of shapeless grains with undulose extinction, and yellowish aggregates of clay fill cavities up to 0.5 mm in length.

Dolomite, calcareous, fine-grained, granular.

Britrocks: S35912

Geoscenic: P553108 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553109 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Bute

SL 228 (p. 37) Cornstone. Old Quarry 700 yd S.E. of Kilchattan pier. 1" Sheet 21; 6" Bute. 215 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 82).

(S35155). A cream-white rock with grey and green mottlings, composed of fragments of dolomite-mudstone of very fine grain, 0.002 mm, in a matrix of quartz grit cemented by abundant fine-grained dolomite. A few largish flakes of brown biotite, and some grains of microcline and crushed quartz are present. Thin veins of calcite cut the rock.

Dolomite breccia, arenaceous, taxichnic.

Britrocks: S35155

Geoscenic: P552970 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552971 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Stirling

SL 160 (p. 37) Cornstone. Gargunnock Burn, ¾ mile S. of Gargunnock. 1" Sheet 39; 6" Stirling. 16 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 39).

(S34860). A flaggy medium-grey compact dolomite, composed of turbid very finely granular dolomite, of grain-size about 0.005 mm, which is recrystallized irregularly along streaks and channels to clear dolomite of 0.03 mm grain-size. Obscure vermiform structure in the finer material suggests algal activity. Scarce secondary quartz is associated with good rhombs of dolomite in small lenticular spaces. Thin flakes of mica and angular grains of quartz are sparsely distributed and there are some relics of micro-fossils.

Dolomite, luteous, pelitomorphic, microzoichnic, clotted, bedded.

Geoscenic: P552887 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552886 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527999 Thin section

Carboniferous: Calciferous Sandstone Series

Cementstone Group (and probable equivalents)

Berwick

SL 207 (p. 37) Limestone. Shore cliff close to Bathing Pool, ¼ mile S. of Sharper Head, Berwick-on-Tweed. 1" (Scotland) Sheet 26, (England) Sheet 2; 6"

Berwick. 18 N.E., Northumberland N.S. 2 S.W.

(S35072). A brownish-cream, compact, fine-grained crinoidal limestone, composed of a turbid mass of granular calcite, 0.01 mm, and small calcar­eous organic debris through which are scattered foraminifera, larger shell fragments, ostracod valves, crinoidal fragments and scarcer polyzoan and algal fragments. There are numerous spines and Calcisphaera. The rock is traversed by occasional calcite-filled fractures. Microgranular pyrites, limonite and possibly bituminous matter impregnate some of the fossil fragments.

Limestone, micrograined, microfossiliferous, clastizoic, stylolitic.

Britrocks: S35072

Geoscenic: P552950 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552951 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P528011 Thin section

Dunbarton

SL 91 (p. 37) Cementstone in Ballagan Beds (bulk sample). Murroch Glen, ¼ mile E.N.E. of Murroch. 1" Sheet 30; 6" Dunbarton. N.S. 18 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 86).

(S34486). Earthy grey, compact rock composed of fine-grained dolomite of grain size less than 0.02 mm, through which are scattered elastic grains of quartz up to 0.1 mm across, accessory yellow biotite and interstitial isotropic clay.

Dolomite, luteous, micrograined, uniform granular.

Britrocks: S34486

Geoscenic: P552567 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552566 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 148 (p. 37) Marl in Ballagan Beds. Murroch Glen, ¼ mile E.N.E. of Murroch. 1" Sheet 30; 6" Dunbarton. N.s. 18 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 86).

(S34650). Grey fissile calcareous shale. Angular grains of quartz (up to 0.5 mm across) are abundant and potash feldspar and flakes of muscovite subordinate in a brown extremely fine-grained matrix which shows some parallel orientation of fine micaceous constituents in an isotropic clay base. Carbonate is present as sporadic idiomorphic crystals in the clay and as thin laminae of minute grains and rhombs.

Dolomitic gritty shale.

Britrocks: S34650

Geoscenic: P552812 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552813 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Dumfries

SL 206 (p. 38) Limestone. N. bank of Liddell Water, 1 mile E. of Harelaw Hole. 1" Sheet 11; Dumfries. 54 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 91).

(S35071). ' A grey compact crinoidal limestone. Composed of finely granular (0.05 mm) clear calcite, calcareous organic debris and some turbid, probably slightly argillaceous, fine calcitic interstitial matter. In this are set numerous foraminifera, fragments of shells, small crinoid columnals and some ostracods and spines. Brown carbonaceous matter impregnates a few obscure fossil remains.

Limestone, fine-grained, microfossiliferous, clastizoic, granular.

Britrocks: S35071

Geoscenic: P552948 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552949 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Fife

SL 28 (p. 38) 'Kirkby's IIIa Limestone'. Shore at Randerston. 1" Sheet 41; 6" Fife 16 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 108).

(S34450). Banded grey and buff close-grained dolomite with flinty fracture. Composed of finely granular dolomite 0.02–0.03 mm grain, the refractive index of which, ɷ = 1.697 or slightly greater, indicates a content of about 20 per cent (CaFe)CO3. The rock contains numerous thin tests of ostracods many of which are preserved in black material probably pyrite. Granules and tiny cubes of oxidized pyrite are scattered through the rock. Yellow phosphatic fossil fragments are very scarce.

Ferriferous dolomite, micrograined, microfossiliferous, taxichnic, bedded.

Britrocks: S34450(a)

Geoscenic: P552494 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552493 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552492 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552495 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527930 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527786 Hand specimen

SL 29 (p. 38) 'Kirkby's III Limestone'. Shore at Randerston. 1" Sheet 41; 6" Fife 16 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 108).

(S34451). A rudely platy, irony, shelly rock of lumachelle type. The shells are replaced by turbid coarsely granular ferriferous dolomite, and are embedded in a matrix of carbonate stained and cemented by limonite. This carbonate is in part very finely granular, in part recrystallized to a mosaic of irregular grain up to 0.1 mm across. Its ordinary refractive index mostly is 1.700 but varies upward, the highest value observed being 1.715, indicating a content of fully 20 per cent of ferrodolomite. Numerous fragments of small shells and scarce quartz and mica are scattered through the fine-grained matrix.

Ferriferous dolomite. limonitic, micrograined, zoichnic.

Britrocks: S34451

Geoscenic: P552496 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552498 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552499 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552497 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 30 (p. 38) 'Kirkby's V Limestone'. Shore at Randerston. 1" Sheet 41; 6" Fife 16 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 108).

(S34452). Brownish-buff massive rock which in some bands is almost wholly composed of shells. In thin section the shells are seen to be cemented by a matrix of fine granular clear carbonate in which are set numerous granules of oxidized siderite (0.01–0.02 mm), angular quartz grains (0.1–0.5 mm) and a few yellow phosphatic fossil fragments. A few small cavities are filled with kaolin. The carbonate replacing the shells is an ankerite the refractive index of which is variable being generally between 1.690 and 1.700 but as high as 1.705, and the fine-grained carbonate of the matrix is similar.

Ferriferous dolomite, arenaceous, sideritic, micrograined, zoichnic.

Britrocks: S34452

Geoscenic: P552500 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552501 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552502 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552503 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527932 Thin section

SL 31 (p. 38) 'Kirkby's VII Limestone'. Shore at Randerston. 1" Sheet 41; 6" Fife 16 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 108).

(S34453). Buff-grey, finely saccharoidal dolomite with cavities con­taining tiny crystals of ankerite, refractive index ɷ = 1.715. In thin section the rock is seen to be completely recrystallized to a mosaic of irregular grains of carbonate, 01–0.2 mm across, which are partly turbid, partly clear. Ghosts of shells and of finely granular matrix are outlined and depicted by dust patterns and variations in grain persisting through the recrystallized carbonate, which is a ferriferous dolomite with refractive index varying slightly about 1.690. Perfect rhombs of carbonate in the fine-grained dolomite are probably ankerite similar to the crystals of the cavities.

Ferriferous dolomite, fine-grained, zoophasmic.

Britrocks: S34453

Geoscenic: P552504 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552505 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552506 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552507 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527933 Thin section

SL 32 (p. 38) Dolomitic limestone. Muiredge, 2 miles N. of Anstruther. 1" Sheet 41; 6" Fife 22 N.B.

(S34454). Flaggy earthy brown dolomite with streaks of calcite. Com­posed of a great number of small shells, preserved in turbid ferriferous dolomite, all lying parallel to the bedding and cemented by irregularly oil-stained fine-grained carbonate which is largely a ferriferous dolomite, with varying content of ferrodolomite but never pure dolomite. Scarce granules of sideritic carbonate of high refractive index are distributed through the fine-grained carbonate; finely divided clay material occurs in shell casts, and some phosphatic fragments and grains of pyrite are present. Heavy yellow oil is evolved from the powdered rock on heating in a closed tube.

Ferriferous dolomite, bituminous, micrograined, microzoichnic, bedded.

Britrocks: S34454

Geoscenic: P552508 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552509 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552510 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552511 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 33 (p. 39) Dolomite. Carnbee Dean, 2½ miles N.N.W. of Pittenweem. 1" Sheet 41; 6" Fife 22 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 108).

(S34455). Dark grey dolomitized encrinital limestone. Composed of a mass of fragments of crinoid, some shells and scarce foraminifera replaced by granular dolomite in a base of finely granular dolomite and clay among which deeply yellow stained grains of sideritic carbonate are distributed. The dolomite replacing the fossil fragments is ferriferous with a variable content of ferrodolomite of about 20 per cent estimated from the refractive index, 1.700 and slightly less. Quartz in small angular grains, 0.05 mm, and pyrite in clusters of granules are common throughout the fine-grained matrix.

Ferriferous dolomite, luteous, micrograined, zoichnic.

Geoscenic: P527935 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527798 Hand specimen

SL 40 (p. 39) Dolomite. Cameron Burn, near Lathockar. 1" Sheet 41; 6" Fife 15 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 108).

(S34461). Ochre-weathering, uniformly fine-grained saccharoidal dolo­mite. Composed of equigranular dolomite of grain 0.1–0.2 mm among which are sparsely scattered grains of quartz of similar size, small nests of kaolin, and granules of oxidized pyrite.

Dolomite, fine-grained, mosaic.

Britrocks: S34461

Geoscenic: P552524 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552525 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552526 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552527 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527799 Hand specimen

Kinross

SL 157 (p. 39) Cementstone: 'Upper Cement Bed'. Devonshaw Old Quarry, 2½ miles E. of Dollar. 1" Sheet 39; 6" Kinross. 25 S.W.

(S40620). Dull greyish-white, compact dolomite banded with less fine-grained, gritty cream-coloured calcareous dolomite. In thin section the compact dolomite is composed of a close aggregate of rhomboid granules, about 0.005 mm across, of dolomite among which calcite is abundant, and through which angular grains of quartz, up to 0.2 mm in size, shreds of colourless mica and fragments of pelitomorphic dolo­mite are irregularly distributed. The gritty portion is composed of angular grains of quartz, up to 0.5 mm, and numerous pseudo-ooliths of pelitomorphic dolomite which with subordinate microcline and fine-grained silica-rock are cemented by rhomboid dolomite of varying grain and by shapeless calcite.

Dolomite, arenaceous and dolomitic sandstone, interbanded, taxichnic.

SL 158 (p. 39) Cementstone. 'Lower Sandy Bed'. Devonshaw Old Quarry, as preceding.

(S34858). Compact, mottled grey-brown and cream dolomite. Com­posed of a base of dolomite in grains and rhombs of 0.02 to 0.1 mm size in which relic patches of very fine-grained pelleted carbonate rock are preserved. In this base irregular patches and single rhombs of coarsely crystallized dolomite about 1 mm across are numerous. Subangular grains of quartz are sporadically abundant in both the coarse and fine dolomite. Ferruginous clay films are common locally and their material has been pressed aside by the large dolomite crystals during their growth. Dolomite, calcareous, arenaceous, fine-grained, porphyrocrystallic.

Britrocks: S34857

Geoscenic: P552878 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552879 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552880 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552881 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Midlothian

SL 181 (p. 39) Cementstone. Linhouse Water, 120 yd N.W. of the upper (south) railway viaduct, 2 miles S. of Mid Calder. 1" Sheet 32; 6" Midlothian 5 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 141).

(S34902). A dull compact grey rock, composed mainly of grains of carbonate, 0.005–0-01 mm across, which by refractive index tests is shown to be ferriferous dolomite. Slightly larger grains up to 0.02 mm much altered to limonite probably represent siderite. In thin seams rich in quartz and muscovite the carbonates are less finely grained and oxidized siderite up to 0.05 mm can be distinguished among clear finely granular carbonate. Fresh biotite is present but scarce in these seams and alkali-feldspar, muscovite and chlorite also are present. Contem­poraneous brecciation of the fine-grained dolomite into the arenaceous seams suggest that the dolomite is an original precipitation or a lime-mud contemporaneously dolomitized.

Ferriferous dolomite, micrograined, with arenaceous laminae, taxichnic.

Britrocks: S34902

Geoscenic: P552894 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552895 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P528001 Thin section

Roxburgh

SL 200 (p. 39) Limestone. Thorlieshope Limeworks, 400 yd S. of Hob Knowe, 4 miles E. of Riccarton Junction. 1" Sheet 17; 6" Roxburgh. N.S. 36 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 169).

(S35065). A grey cavernous limestone of fine grain, the cavities in some cases represent shells dissolved away; small black pellets are numerous in patches. Composed of a large number of large fairly thin-walled shells, which enclose turbid calcite-mudst6ne in various stages of re-crystallization, in a partially recrystallized and dolomitized matrix. The less recrystallized portions show a clotted structure, contain frag­ments of thin shells and in places contain rolled or angular fragments of shelly calcite-mudstone, shell fragments coated with precipitated calcite and, more rarely, ooliths, together with fragments of hollow structures, perhaps spines. Refractive index tests show that both dolo­mite and ankerite are present.

Limestone, dolomitic, pelitomorphic, fossiliferous, clotted, pseudo-oolitic.

Britrocks: S35065

Geoscenic: P552939 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552938 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P528009 Thin section

SL 201 (p. 40) Limestone. Larriston Limeworks, Larriston Tower, 6 miles N.E. of Newcastleton. 1" Sheet 11; 6" Roxburgh. N.S. 38 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 169).

(S35066). Dark grey, compact fine-grained limestone; small round bodies are seen in places. The rock shows in thin section a very fine-grained brownish calcilutite containing fragments of thick and thin shells, ooliths, shell fragments coated with oolitic calcite, tiny grains of quartz, and pebbles of calcilutite similar to the matrix with and without shells and ooliths. In part of the slide the matrix is almost completely recrystallized to clear calcite.

Limestone, luteous, pelitomorphic, fossiliferous, clastizoic, oolitic.

Britrocks: S35066

Geoscenic: P552940 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552941 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 202 L(p. 40) imestone. Junction of Tweeden Burn and Liddel Water, 1 mile S. of Newcastleton. 1" Sheet 11; 6" Roxburgh. N.S. 40 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 168).

(S35067). A dark, brownish-grey, nodular limestone. The thin section shows a mass of algal limestone in which radiating and bifurcating canals of clear fine-grained calcite penetrate a base of semi-opaque, extremely

fine-grained calcite. Recrystallization has affected the rock in patches so that the organic structure is in places destroyed. The algal mass is coated and infilled by fine-grained shell limestone containing quartz grit and muscovite flakes.

Limestone, micrograined to pelitomorphic, algal.

Britrocks: S35067

Geoscenic: P552943 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552942 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 203 (p. 40) Limestone. Muir Burn, 660 yd N.W. of Liddelbank House. 1" Sheet 11; 6" Roxburgh. N.S. 42. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 168).

(S35068). A granular dark brownish-grey limestone, showing small crinoid columnals. Composed of the debris of crinoid columnals, shells, ostracods, foraminifera, polyzoa and spines, the fine material being recrystallized to clear fine-grained calcite in which the polyzoan and foraminiferal fragments are prominently picked out by opaque bitu­minous impregnations in the cell walls. Angular grains of quartz up to 0.5 mm long, are abundant.

Limestone, arenaceous, fine-grained, clastizoic, microfossiliferous.

Britrocks: S35063

Geoscenic: P552935 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552934 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P528010 Thin section

SL 208 (p. 40) Limestone. Old quarry, 100 yd N. of Stobs Quarry, Limekilnedge, 9 miles S. of Hawick. 1" Sheet 17; 6" Roxburgh. N.S. 35 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 170).

(S35073). A whitish, nodular, argillaceous limestone. Composed of a mass of granular carbonate of which the grain-size is occasionally 0.03 mm but usually 0.01 mm and often less. This has a turbid appearance and there may be films of clay on the grains, but the apparent turbidity may be caused only by the small grain-size. Through this mass small angular quartz chips (0.2 mm down) are sporadically scattered. Re-crystallization to clear granular calcite (0.1 mm grain) has taken place along impersistent sinuous or irregular channels.

Limestone, luteous, micrograined, uniform granular, crook-veined.

Britrocks: S35073

Geoscenic: P552952 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552953 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P528012 Thin section

SL 220 (p. 40) Dolomite. Quarry on Nottylees Farm, 600 yd S.E. of Carham station. 1" Sheet 26; 6" Roxburgh. N.S. 7 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 170).

(S35074). A brownish-cream, fine-grained, compact, structureless dolomite. Composed of granular, occasionally rhomboid dolomite, grain-size 0.03 mm. There is a considerable quantity of opaque white material which usually occurs as clusters averaging 0.01 mm across, embedded centrally in the dolomite grains. As this structure seems unlikely to be original, it suggests that the dolomite, in spite of its small grain, is recrystallized. Argillaceous matter may be present as coatings on the dolomite grains. In places stylolitic films separate the rock into small irregular nodules.

Dolomite, micrograined, uniform granular, taxichnic.

Britrocks: S35074

Geoscenic: P552954 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552955 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 221 (p. 40) Dolomite. S. side of railway, 400 yd W. of Carham station. 1" Sheet 26; 6" Roxburgh. N.S. 7 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1941, p. 170).

(S35075). Pale cream, compact, very fine-grained dolomite with small-scale nodular structure. Composed of small, occasionally rhomboid grains (0.02 0.04 mm grain-size) of dolomite, probably coated with some argillaceous matter. The nodular structure is not seen in thin section but there is a weak banding of clearer and more turbid dolomite. The rock is cut by calcite-filled fractures which are faulted by narrow fractures also calcite-filled. Quartz grains, up to 0.5 mm long, are sparsely scattered through the rock.

Dolomite, micrograined, uniform granular.

Britrocks: S35075

Geoscenic: P552957 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552956 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P528013 Thin section

Stirling

SL 192 (p. 41) Cementstones, Ballagan Beds (bulk sample of 8 bands). Ballagan Burn, 530 yd N. of Ballagan House. 1" Sheet 30; 6" Stirling. 27 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, pp. 177–8).

(S34968). Compact grey rock, composed of a mass of rhomboid dolo­mite crystals, 0.005–0.02 mm across, with very little turbid matter of any kind, argillaceous or calcareous. Angular grains of quartz, 0.1–0-5 mm across, are abundantly scattered through the rock along with scarce alkali-feldspar, secondary quartz-rock, chlorite and thin prisms of a mineral, occurring in cracks and in association with quartz, which is probably baryte. The presence of small prisms of gypsum was sus­pected, but not proved.

Dolomite, luteous, micrograined, uniform granular.

Britrocks: S34968

Geoscenic: P552923 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552922 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P528008 Thin section

SL 193 (p. 41) Cementstone, Ballagan Beds. Locality and references as for SL 192.

(S34969). A grey compact rock composed of granular and rhomboid carbonate, of average grain-size 0.005 mm, among which there are tiny patches of brownish argillaceous matter. Angular grains of quartz and flakes of muscovite are sparsely scattered through the rock.

Dolomite, luteous, pelitomorphic, clotted, taxichnic.

Britrocks: S34969

Geoscenic: P552925 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552924 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 194 (p. 41) Marly shale, Ballagan Beds. Locality and references as for SL 192.

(S34970). Darkish grey very fine-grained rock, rough to the touch. Composed of grains and rhombs of dolomite, of average grain-size 0.005 mm, with some interstitial faintly brown isotropic material of refractive index close to that of canada balsam, possibly halloysite. Abundant angular grains of quartz, grain-size 0.1–0.01 mm and sparse muscovite are scattered through the rock.

Dolomitic siltstone.

Britrocks: S34970

Geoscenic: P552926 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552927 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 195 (p. 41) Hard manly bed, Ballagan Beds. Locality and references as for SL 192.

(S34972). Dull grey compact rock, composed of granular and rhomboid carbonate, 0.005–0.02 mm grain-size, and accessory angular quartz and muscovite flakes. There is a small amount of interstitial isotropic material.

Dolomite, luteous, micrograined, uniform granular.

Note on specimens (S34968), (S34969), (S34970), (S34972): Refractive index tests on powdered rock always show dolomite as the carbonate. No index for calcite was obtained in any of the rocks, the only variation being slightly on the ankerite side in some grains of (S34972). Since all these rocks effervesce slightly in cold dilute HCl some calcite must be present as a fine dis­semination. In powders immersed in oil a thin skin of apparently isotropic material of much lower refractive index is discernible on the dolomite rhombs when these are orientated so that their index is equal to that of the oil. This is the clay cementing material and is only rarely discernible in thin section (S34970). When the powdered rock is treated with hot HCl a considerable clay residue is obtained. This does not lend itself to microscopical examination, the only identifiable minerals being quartz chips, and sericite fibres, the main constituent being an aggregate of minute granules in a feebly polarizing base of average refractive index 1.60–1.61.

Britrocks: S34972

Geoscenic: P552928 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552929 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

GS10 Cementstone. Campsie Glen, at the waterfall, just below the junction of (p. 41) Cementstones with the Campsie Volcanic Group; 580 yd N. of Ballencleroch House. 1" Sheet 30; 6" Stirling. 27 N.E. (Anal. C. O. Harvey)

(S33200). Dull grey rock composed of clear, granular and rhomboid carbonate, of grain 0.01–0.02 mm with irregular relics of turbid car­bonate of still finer grain. Scattered grains of quartz, occasional yellowish micaceous material, alkali-feldspar and tiny films of white mica are also present.

Dolomite, luteous, micrograined, with pelitomorphic lattice.

Britrocks: S33200

Geoscenic: P552414 Mag: " Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552413 Mag: 16mm Light: PPL

Oil Shale Group (and probable equivalents)

Burdiehouse Limestone

Fife

SL 171 (p. 41) Burdiehouse (Grange) Limestone. Newbigging Mine, 1 mile W. of Burntisland. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife 40 N.W.

(S34855). Dull cream-grey, compact limestone showing numerous ostracods. Composed of a matrix of finely divided carbonate, 0.001–­0.005 mm grain-size in which are set numerous ostracod shells and some fragments of thicker molluscan shells. The ostracod bivalves when complete are filled with more coarsely granular carbonate up to 0.2 mm. grain.

Limestone, pelitomorphic, microfossiliferous: microcoquinoid.

Britrocks: S34855

Geoscenic: P552861 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552860 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 172 (p. 42) Dolomite vein in Burdiehouse or Grange Limestone. Newbigging Mine. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife 40 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 100).

(S34856). Brown dolomite with lustrous crystalline surfaces, composed of an aggregate of anhedral ankerite of uniform grain 0.1–0.2 mm size, and of a uniform pale brown tint. Sporadic, small oval areas of clear carbonate including calcite represent ostracods. The ankerite in the section and in powder appears to be homogeneous, ɷ = 1.707 corres­ponding to about 12 per cent FeO. These figures agree well with the chemical analysis considering that free calcite is present. The rock has a small proportion of empty pore spaces. Small aggregates of pyrite granules are present.

Ferriferous dolomite, fine-grained, uneven mosaic.

Britrocks: S34856(b)

Geoscenic: P552862 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552863 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552864 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552865 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552866 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552867 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552868 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552869 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552870 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552871 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552872 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552873 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552874 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552875 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552876 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552877 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527837 Hand specimen

SL 216 (p. 42) Burdiehouse Limestone, 'Flooring'. Newbigging Mine. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife 40 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 99).

(S35896). A dull fawn-grey limestone, composed of very finely granular calcite recrystallized to grains reaching 0.06 mm across. In this matrix are scattered fragments of shells, mainly ostracod, and of cellular or­ganisms and some quartz grains of 0.2 mm grain-size. Granules of pyrite are scarce, being occasionally concentrated in a shell fragment, and limonitic clay is thinly spread through some portions of the rock. The limestone is traversed by narrow and irregular cracks which are sealed by calcite.

Limestone, micrograined to pelitomorphic, microfossiliferous, clotted.

Britrocks: S35896

Geoscenic: P553086 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553087 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527850 Hand specimen

SL 217 (p. 42) Burdiehouse Limestone, 'Bottom Bed'. SL 216.

(S35897). A dull fawn-grey limestone, containing scattered smooth-surfaced black bodies which include limestone. The rock is composed of very finely divided calcite, locally slightly and irregularly recrystallized, with sparse, small rhombs of dolomite reaching 0.2 mm size. Scattered through the rock are fairly numerous thin shells and shell fragments densely permeated by pyrite: many are of ostracods, either whole or broken and collapsed, and often filled with clear coarsely granular calcite. Quartz grains are small and few. Irregular, short veins of limonitic matter and cracks sealed by calcite are common.

Limestone, dolomitic, pelitomorphic, microfossiliferous, microclastizoic.

Britrocks: S35897

Geoscenic: P553088 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553089 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P531437 Thin section

Geoscenic: P531438 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527852 Hand specimen

SL 218 (p. 42) Burdiehouse Limestone, 'Middle Bed'. Locality and references as for SL 216.

(S35898). Dull fawn-grey limestone containing a few black bodies and laminated locally by indefinite dark brown laminae. The section shows extremely finely divided calcite, slightly and irregularly recrystallized, forming the matrix, and containing many small fragments of thin shells, some of which are impregnated with pyrites, and many tiny crystals and radiating grains of clear carbonate. Granules of partly oxidized pyrite and hydrocarbon streaks are present. Narrow anastomosing fractures filled with calcite are numerous.

Limestone, pelitomorphic, microclastizoic, fracture-veined.

Britrocks: S35898

Geoscenic: P553091 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553090 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527853 Hand specimen

Geoscenic: P527874 Hand specimen

SL 219 (p. 42) Burdiehouse Limestone, 'Top Bed'. Locality and references as for SL 216.

(S35899). Dull pale cream-coloured limestone, containing in many places clear quartz grains, black bodies and scattered carbonaceous fragments. The rock is composed of very finely divided calcite slightly recrystallized. Ostracod valves are numerous, and when entire contain coarse-grained clear calcite. Pyrites impregnation is scarce and not intense. Quartz grains occur sporadically in the shelly pockets. Rhombs of pale brown dolomite or ankerite, about 0.05 mm across, are seen in parts of the thin section. Shreds of black, carbonaceous matter are present.

Limestone, dolomitic, pelitomorphic, microfossiliferous, fracture-veined.

Britrocks: S35899

Geoscenic: P553092 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553093 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527849 Hand specimen

Midlothian

SL 16 (p. 42) Burdiehouse Limestone (top). Clippens Limeworks, near Straiton. 1" Sheet 32; 6" Midlothian 7 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 143).

(S34524). Fine-grained buff limestone with dark brown laminae. Com­posed of finely divided turbid calcite, irregularly recrystallized to clear calcite of grain 0.01–0.05 mm, in which crushed ostracod shells and fragments are set. Many shells are partly or wholly replaced by pyrite. Limestone, micrograined to pelitomorphic, microfossiliferous, micronodular.

SL 17 (p. 43) Burdiehouse Limestone (middle). Locality and references as for SL 16

(S34525). Compact buff limestone with widely separated dark brown laminae. Composed of a brown oil-stained matrix of calcite of fine

Locality and references as for grain in which are set numerous irregular patches or fragments of clear, granular calcite together with crushed ostracod shells, occasional small shapeless clots of collophane, small scattered aggregates of pyrite granules and small fragments of carbonaceous matter.

Limestone, bituminous, pelitomorphic, microfossiliferous, bedded, homoiolithic microbreccia.

SL 18 (p. 43) Burdiehouse Limestone (base). Locality and references as for SL 16.

(S34526). Compact limestone banded in darker and less dark brown shades. Composed of almost structureless finely granular yellow-stained calcite interbanded with layers to which the irregular mingling of clear and yellow stained rock gives a fragmental appearance as in

(S34525). Ostracod shells are abundant in the coarser seams and collo-phane clots are present. Wisps of bitumen and carbonaceous fragments occur sparsely throughout the rock.

Limestone, bituminous, pelitomorphic, microfossiliferous, bedded, homoiolithic microbreccia.

Britrocks: S34526

Geoscenic: P552636 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552635 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 54 (p. 43) Burdiehouse Limestone. Harburn Limestone Mine, 1 mile S. of Harburnhead. 1" Sheet 32; 6" Midlothian 11 S.E.

(S34449). Compact earthy-brown, fine-grained limestone. Composed of minutely granular calcite, grain in general less than 0.002 mm, per­meated by films of yellow bituminous matter. Complete and fragmen­tary ostracod shells, enclosing clear coarsely granular calcite are numerous. Grains of pyrite granules, occasional streaks of bitumen and traces of fossil phosphate are present. Some fine quartz grit occurs in certain laminae along with small aggregates of a radiating mineral which, in view of the chemical analysis, may be celestite. The rock powder on heating in the closed tube emits a little oily vapour.

Limestone, bituminous, pelitomorphic, microfossiliferous, bedded, homoiolithic.

Geoscenic: P552490 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552491 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527929 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527806 Hand specimen

Geoscenic: P527797 Hand specimen

SL 198 (p. 43) Burdiehouse Limestone. Harburn Limestone Mine, ⅔ mile S. of Harburnhead and 2½ miles S.E. of West Calder. 1" Sheet 32; 6" Midlothian 11 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 143).

(S35063). A dark buff, fine-grained limestone containing numerous small dark grains, visible by hand lens. Composed of extremely finely divided turbid calcite containing a multitude of yellowish carbonate grains of all shapes up to about 1 mm across, and numerous fossil frag­ments. The latter include many thin shell fragments and scarce com­plete small ostracods. There are also some large, irregular-shaped pellets (up to 1 mm across) within which the carbonate occurs as grit in a turbid matrix; these are perhaps faecal pellets. Traces of quartz grit are present.

Limestone, pelitomorphic, microfossiliferous, microclastizoic.

West Lothian

SL 173 (p. 43) Burdiehouse Limestone. Hopetoun Wood Quarry, Abercorn. 1" Sheet 32; 6" West Lothian 4 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 196).

(S35986). Almost black aphanitic rock, resembling bituminous mud-stone. Composed of a very fine calcite aggregate coloured brownish and yellowish by finely disseminated bituminous matter. In the larger pieces and long streaks the latter is mainly a homogeneous yellow isotropic material but is sometimes orange and almost opaque. Opaque material includes carbonaceous matter and pyrite. These constituents produce a parallel banding in the rock. There are occasional calcareous frag­ments of shells, and only a very few grains of quartz are recognizable. The rock powder, heated in a closed tube, evolves a heavy yellow oil and a more volatile colourless fraction.

Limestone, bituminous, luteous, pelitomorphic, subclastizoic, bedded.

Other limestones

Ayr

SL 108 (p. 43) Broadstone Limestone. Disused quarry at Langside Farm. 1" Sheet 22; 6" Ayr. 8 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 74).

(S34563). Grey limestone with brachiopod shells. Composed of the debris, largely unworn, of large and small shells, polyzoan fragments, small crinoid ossicles, spines, ostracods, algal growths and foraminifera. The foraminifera, some shells and polyzoan cells have impregnations of blackish material, possibly bituminous. All these larger constituents are embedded in an extremely fine-grained base of semi-opaque calcite granules, which is recrystallized to clear calcite of small grain in an irregular manner. Irregularly shaped small pockets of kaolinite are present and are visible as white specks in the hand-specimen.

Limestone, pelitomorphic to fine-grained, clastizoic, in part zoophasmic.

SL 122 (p. 44) Broadstone Limestone. Nettlehirst Quarry, 2¼ miles S.S.E. of Beith. 1" Sheet 22; 6" Ayr. 8 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 74).

(S34570). Grey limestone with microfossils and many crinoid plates. Large and small shell fragments, productid spines, polyzoan fragments, crinoid columnals and foraminifera are abundant in a turbid base of calcite granules 0.01 mm and less across. This base contains many pieces of calcite recognizable as chips of shell and the whole is derived from a shell mud. The canalicules of brachiopod shells and the chambers of foraminifera are sometimes filled with pyrites.

Limestone, pelitomorphic, fossiliferous, clastizoic.

Britrocks: S34570

Geoscenic: P552735 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552734 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 135 (p. 44) Wee Post Limestone. Auchenmade Quarry, 600 yd W. of Auchenmade station and 3 miles E. by S. of Dalry. 1" Sheet 22; 6" Ayr. 12 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 75).

(S34621). Pale buff-grey limestone with many crinoid plates. Composed of crinoid columnals and ossicles, spines, large shell fragments, small shells, polyzoan skeletons with cells filled with dark carbonaceous dust, and occasional foraminifera. All these are set in a matrix of recrystallized granular carbonate containing many small fragments of shells and polyzoa, and scattered grains of pyrite.

Limestone, micrograined, clastizoic, in part zoophasmic.

Britrocks: S34621

Geoscenic: P552782 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552783 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552784 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552785 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 136 (p. 44) Broadstone Limestone. Auchenmade Quarry, as above. 1" Sheet 22; 6" Ayr. 12 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 75).

(S34622). Grey argillaceous limestone with Lithostrotion. Composed of large and small fragments of crinoids and of shells, spines, large and small foraminifera, Calcisphaera, and occasional coral and polyzoan pieces in a bedded matrix of finely granular calcite mixed with small fossil relics, limonite shreds and opaque carbonaceous fragments and pyrite grains. Orange and opaque bituminous material forms undulating films and streaks along the bedding. The larger organic fragments are mostly arranged with their long axes parallel to the bedding.

Limestone, micrograined, clastizoic, bedded.

Britrocks: S34622

Geoscenic: P552787 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552786 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527973 Thin section

Dumfries

SL 142 (p. 44) Dolomite. Barjarg Quarry, 440 yd N.E. of Barjarg Tower, 1 mile S.W. of "Closeburn. 1" Sheet 9; 6" Dumfries. 31 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 88).

(S34628). Bright, rose-coloured crystalline dolomite containing quartz grains, Composed of granular dolomite, 0.2–0.4 mm grain-size, powdered with ferric oxide dust and in places cemented by red ferric oxide aggregate. Composite quartz grains and grains of strained quartz up to 0.5 mm in size are scattered in small quantity throughout the rock. Ghosts of fossil fragments are outlined by varying concentration of ferruginous dust.

Dolomite, fine-grained, zoophasmic, uneven mosaic.

Britrocks: S34628

Geoscenic: P552800 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552801 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 143 (p. 44) Limestone. Quarry 500 yd N.E. of Caldronlee Farm, 1½ miles E.S.E. of Waterbeck. 1" Sheet 10; 6" Dumfries. 52 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 90).

(S34629). Pinkish, sparkling, compact limestone, composed of frag­ments of shells and polyzoa, many and various foraminifera, productid spines, Calcisphaera, and ostracods cemented in a fine-grained base of shapeless calcite and recrystallized small organic fragments. A little pyrite and probably some clay are present.

Limestone, fine-grained, microfossiliferous, clastizoichnic.

Britrocks: S34629

Geoscenic: P552802 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552803 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 144 (p. 44) Limestone. Quarry 100 yd N. of Cauldwellknowe Farm, nr. Kirtle Bridge station. 1" Sheet 10; 6" Dumfries. 58 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 89).

(S34630). Pale purplish-grey, compact, sparkling limestone, composed of fragmentary shells, foraminifera, polyzoan skeletons, crinoidal remains, spines and Calcisphaera, in a matrix of fine-grained calcite which is largely recrystallized organic debris.

Limestone, fine-grained, microfossiliferous, clastizoichnic.

Britrocks: S34630

Geoscenic: P552804 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552805 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 204 (p. 45) Lower Harelawhill Limestone. Quarry 150 yd N.W. of Harelawhill,3 miles N.E. of Canonbie. 1" Sheet 11; 6" Dumfries. 54 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 91).

(S35069). A compact brownish-grey limestone, with scarce small crinoid columnals visible. Composed of a fine-grained turbid matrix of calcite in process of recrystallization to clear granular calcite. Con­sisting essentially of finely comminuted molluscan, polyzoan and crin-oidal debris. Numerous foraminifera, spines, Calcisphaera and larger crinoidal and shell.fragments are present. Yellow bituminous matter is sparsely distributed through the rock.

Limestone, micrograined, microfossiliferous, clastizoichnic.

Britrocks: S35069

Geoscenic: P552945 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552944 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 205 (p. 45) Upper Harelawhill Limestone. Quarry 300 yd. W. of Harelawhill. 1" Sheet 11; 6" Dumfries. 54 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 91).

(S35070). A dark grey, fine-grained, compact, structureless limestone. Composed of granular calcite (0.02–0.06 mm grain-size) with inter­stitial limonitic and bituminous clay cement. Fragments of shells and black carbonaceous specks are fairly abundant and there is a little pyritic impregnation of shell fragments.

Limestone, fine-grained, microfossiliferous, zoophasmic.

Britrocks: S35070

Geoscenic: P552947 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552946 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

East Lothian

SL 178 (p. 45) Limestone at base of the volcanic rocks. Quarry, 1100 yd W.10°S. of Howmuir Farm, about a mile E. of East Linton. 1" Sheet 33; 6" East Lothian 6 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 95).

(S34899). A dark flesh-coloured limestone composed of pisolitic and irregular masses and pellets of turbid fine-grained calcite cemented by clear calcite of grain 0.05 to 0.03 mm. The pisolitic masses, 0.2 to 4.0 mm across, are in part algal and show concentric or confocal growth structures in the centre of which chalcedonic replacement is common. Many of the smaller pisolites or pellets are structureless and may be faecal pellets or rolled fragments. Grains of radiating chalcedony occurring in the recrystallized matrix appear at times to be clastic. Ferruginous films are common around or within channels of recrystal-lization.

Limestone, algal, clotted, micronodular, homoiolithic, mesh-crystallized.

Limestone at base of the volcanic rocks. Quarry, 1100 yards west 10 degrees south of Howmuir Farm, about a mile east of East Linton. East Lothian. A dark flesh-coloured limestone composed of pisolitic and irregular masses and pellets of turbid fine-grained calcite cemented by clear calcite of grain 0.05 to 0.03 mm. The pisolitic masses, 0.2 tc 4.0 mm across, are in part algal and show concentric or confocal growth structures in the centre of which chalcedonic replacement is common. Many of the smaller pisolites or pellets are structureless and may be faecal pellets or rolled fragments. Grains of radiating chalcedony occurring in the recrystallized matrix appear at times to be elastic. Ferruginous films are common around or within channels of recrystallization. Limestone, algal, clotted, micronodular, homoiolithic, mesh-crystallized. SL0178. Britrocks S34899.

Britrocks: S34899

Geoscenic: P552889 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552888 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 179 (p. 45) Dolomite. Left bank of Whittinghame Water, ¼ mile W.N.W. of Ruchlaw Mains. 1" Sheet 33; 6" East Lothian 11 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 96).

(S34900). A red colour-laminated rock, seen in thin section to be com­posed of a fine-grained aggregate of anhedral dolomite, the grains of 8 which are 0.1–0.01 mm across and are dusted with and separated by red limonite. The colour lamination corresponds to a greater or less concentration of limonite. Small rhombs of dolomite of larger size occur in sporadic cavities. Chen is abundant as irregular layers and as a pervasive infiltration; it is clearly a replacement deposit and not an infilling to fractures or cavities.

Dolomite, cherty, ferruginous, pelitomorphic to fine-grained, banded, taxichnic.

Dolomite. Left bank of Whittinghame Water, 0.25 mile west-north-west of Ruchlaw Mains. East Lothian. A red colour-laminated rock, seen in thin section to be composed of a fine-grained aggregate of anhedral dolomite, the grains of which are 0.1 - 0.01 mm across and are dusted with and separated by red limonite. The colour lamination corresponds to a greater or less concentration of limonite. Small rhombs of dolomite of larger size occur in sporadic cavities. Chert is abundant as irregular layers and as a pervasive infiltration; it is clearly a replacement deposit and not an infilling to fractures or cavities. Dolomite, cherty, ferruginous, pelitomorphic to fine-grained, banded, taxichnic. SL0179. Britrocks S34900.

Britrocks: S34900

Geoscenic: P552891 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552890 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 199 (p. 45) Limestone. Rhodes Quarry, 1 mile E. of North Berwick. 1" Sheet 41 6" East Lothian 2 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 95).

(S35064). A coarse grey limestone with calcite-filled fractures. Small aggregates of tarnished pyrite are present. The thin section shows turbid, finely divided calcite, extensively replaced by coarsely granular celestine and to a less extent by clear granular calcite. Where the original rock is preserved it seems to have been a calcite-mudstone containing small pellets. The white veins in the rock are calcite. The celestine is recognized by its similarity to baryte in its optical properties and by imparting a crimson-coloured flame to the bunsen. The rock contains 25 per cent of matter which is insoluble in cold dilute HCl and practically all of this is celestine. There is also some possibly carbonaceous matter and a very little quartz and chalcedony. The celestine fragments have a blue tinge without appreciable change in absorption on rotation in polarized light.

Limestone, micrograined, extensively replaced by celestine.

Other specimens from Rhodes Quarry were analysed to determine the percentage of strontium sulphate with results as follows:—

a. S.E. face of quarry, 120 ft N.E. of S.E. corner. Lab. No. M27107; SrSO4, 0.32%. The rock ((S35146)) is a brownish-grey dolomitic lime­stone in which large plates of calcite enclose and cement aggregates of dolomite grains. Celestine was not observed.

b. S.W. face, 120 ft from S.E. corner, bottom 3 ft. Lab. No. M27108; SrSO4, 0.66%. A fine-grained, turbid calcilutite (S35150). Celestine was not observed.

c. as (b); 6 ft from base and 11 ft from base.. Lab. No. M27109; SrSO4, 7.45%. The rock from 6 ft above the base (S35151) consists of an extremely fine aggregate of calcite dolomitized along irregular chan­nels which are frequently expanded into spaces the centres of which are either empty or filled with kaolin. There are also large cracks which are filled by calcite and celestine. Celestine sometimes is in idiomorphic tables or blades surrounded by calcite, sometimes forms bladed aggre­gates filling the vein. Less regular bodies of celestine and calcite enclose small pieces of the calcilutite bordered by dolomite and appear to be replacements, though doubtless connected with the veins. The rock from 11 ft above the base (S35152) is a turbid calcilutite containing fragments of very fine-grained rock of the same type. The matrix is patchily recrystallized and is permeated by a considerable quantity of celestine which seems to have replaced the recrystallized calcite and now encloses the turbid calcite.

d. As (b); 14 ft from base. Lab. No. M27110; SrSO4, 14.03%. The rock (S35153) consists of a brown pelitomorphic aggregate of carbonate which develops perfect rhombic shapes against the numerous cavities and later fillings. Many of the cavities are filled by coarsely crystalline clear calcite and tables of celestine. The latter is always idiomorphic and presents sharp domal as well as basal faces to the calcite. Where calcite is absent the celestine moulds itself on the carbonate aggregate and develops good faces in the cavities. These coarsely crystalline minerals enclose spots of the brown carbonate aggregate which suggests that they are not only filling cavities but also replacing the pelitomorphic carbonate.

Britrocks: S35064

Geoscenic: P552937 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552936 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Carboniferous Limestone Series

Lower Limestone Group

Long Craig Upper, Hurlet, Main, &C.

Ayr

SL 93 (p. 45) Hawthorn Limestone. Quarry at Glenmuir Limeworks, ½ mile N.E. of High Glenmuir, 4 miles E. of Cumnock. 1" Sheet 15; 6" Ayr. 36 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 70).

(S34559). Reddish-grey compact limestone. Composed of small debris of shells, crinoid columnals, spines, foraminifera and polyzoan fragments set in a matrix of very fine-grained calcite which is considerably re­crystallized to larger grain of 0.02–0.03 mm. In this matrix small angular grains of quartz, shreds of white and bleached micas and traces of kaolinite are accessory. Small groups, 0.2 mm across, of small crystals of siderite with oxidized borders are scattered throughout the rock. Limestone, luteous, sideritic, fine-grained, microfossiliferous, clastizoic.

Britrocks: S34559

Geoscenic: P552710 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552711 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527952 Thin section

SL 109 (p. 46) Dockra Limestone. Hessilhead Quarry, Lugton. 1" Sheet 22; 6" Ayr. 8 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 74).

(S34564). Whitish-grey limestone showing shells and spines of Productus and crinoid columnals. In thin section polyzoan zoaria, crinoid columnals, shell fragments and spines form the larger constituents in a base of fine-grained, turbid calcite which is extensively recrystallized to about 0.02–0.05 mm grain-size. A few entire ostracods, foraminiferal and thin-walled shells are present. Scarce stylolitic films with associated pyrite and traces of quartz are present.

Limestone, fine-grained, clastizoic.

Britrocks: S34564

Geoscenic: P552722 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552723 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552824 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552825 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 114 (p. 46) Hawthorn Limestone. Crossflat Burn Quarry, Muirkirk. 1" Sheet 15; 6" Ayr. 31 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 72).

(S34569). Cream-coloured limestone, very fine-grained and composed of a pelitomorphic aggregate of calcite granules, about 0.001 mm diameter, in which very small shell and polyzoan fragments and a considerable number of foraminiferal tests are seen. The rock is traversed by im-persistent cracks which have been filled with clear calcite.

Limestone, pelitomorphic, microfossiliferous, subclastizoic.

Britrocks: S34569

Geoscenic: P552732 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552733 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 149 (p. 46) Patna Limestone. Cairnshalloch Limeworks, 800 yd S.S.W. of Patna. 1" Sheet 14; 6" Ayr. 46 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 67).

(S34651). Compact buff-grey limestone with small crinoid fragments. Composed of a fine-grained base of granular carbonate (0.03 mm average grain-size) containing small, partly recrystallized organic debris. Opaque material occurs as grains of pyrite, pyritic replacement of minute fossils, and black bituminous or carbonaceous specks disseminated through the rock. Brownish calcareous clay is locally common. The organic remains include crinoid plates and many and various foraminifera, polyzoan fragments, brachiopod spines and thin-walled shells. Limestone, fine-grained, microfossiliferous, clastizoic.

Bute

Britrocks: S34651

Geoscenic: P552814 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552815 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552816 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552817 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 82 (p. 46) Corrie Limestone. Corrie Harbour, Arran. 1" Sheet 21; 6" Bute. 238 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 82).

(S34496). Reddish-lilac, rather earthy limestone with large Productus. Composed of granular calcite, about 0.1 mm grain, and numerous shell fragments many of which are completely recrystallized and their presence shown only by a pseudomorphous residue of original impurities. Polyzoan fragments and spines are also present. Limonitic clay is common as intergranular pellicles and granules; quartz grains are scarce. Limestone, argillaceous, fine-grained, zoophasmic.

East Lothian

Britrocks: S34496

Geoscenic: P552590 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552591 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527827 Hand specimen

Geoscenic: P527830 Hand specimen

SL 63 (p. 46) Long Craig Upper Limestone (probably). Quarry, Kiln Plantation, Blancc Bridge, ¾ mile E. of East Saltoun. 1" Sheet 33; 6" East Lothian 15 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 94).

(S34552). A pinkish-grey, compact limestone. Composed of debris of crinoids, shells, polyzoan zoaria and scarce spines and foraminifera in a matrix of calcite of grain 0.005 mm. Chalcedonic aggregates, limonitic replacements of siderite or ankerite and grains of quartz are sparsely distributed in the rock.

Limestone, micrograined, clastizoic.

Britrocks: S34552

Geoscenic: P552694 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552693 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 64 (p. 46) Long Craig Upper Limestone (massive band in). Shore 100 yd E. of Garlic Rock, 1 mile W. of Aberlady. 1" Sheet 33; 6" East Lothian 4 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 93).

(S34553). A grey and buff dolomite of varying grain. Dolomitized relics of crinoids, polyzoa and shells are indicated by concentration of mineral dust and granules of pyrite. In the grey part of the rock ferru­ginous films are abundant. The buff part is coarser in grain and there are pellicles of brown limonite on the grains of dolomite; these have re­fractive index ɷ about 1.690 indicative of a moderate content of iron carbonate. Aggregates of chalcedony occur sparsely within the crinoid pseudomorphs.

Ferriferous dolomite, zoophasmic, uneven mosaic, taxichnic.

Britrocks: S34553

Geoscenic: P552696 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552695 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 65 (p. 47) Long Craig Upper Limestone (probably). Quarry at Harelaw Limeworks, Longniddry station. 1" Sheet 33; 6" East Lothian 4 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 93).

(S34554). A compact, brownish-grey limestone composed of well-assorted fragments of crinoids, shells, polyzoa, spines and a few foraminifera and Calcisphaera in a fine matrix of calcite, 0.005–0.02 mm grain. Silica is present as chalcedonic filling in scarce, small limy pebbles. Pyritic replacement or infilling of polyzoan and foraminiferal tests is common.

Limestone, pelitomorphic to micrograined, microfossiliferous, clastizoic.

Britrocks: S34554

Geoscenic: P552697 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552698 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 83 (p. 47) Long Craig Upper Limestone. Oxwell Mains Limeworks, 2½ miles S.E. of Dunbar. 1" Sheet 33; 6" East Lothian 7 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 96).

(S34556). Brownish-grey compact limestone. Fragmentary shells and polyzoa and foraminifera, ostracods and spines are embedded in a base recrystallized to granular calcite of grain 0.05–0.3 mm. The base is turbid with specks of opaque and brown materials much of which is residual from the tests and shells of fossils which have been obliterated by the recrystallization of the base. Pellicles of limonitic clay coat the recrystallized calcite grains.

Limestone, fine-grained, microfossiliferous, zoichnic, granular.

Long Craig Upper Limestone. Oxwell Mains Limeworks, 2.5 miles south-east of Dunbar. East Lothian. Brownish-grey compact limestone. Fragmentary shells and polyzoa and foraminifera, ostracods and spines are embedded in a base recrystallized to granular calcite of grain 0.05 - 0.3 mm. The base is turbid with specks of opaque and brown materials much of which is residual from the tests and shells of fossils which have been obliterated by the recrystallization of the base. Pellicles of limonitic clay coat the recrystallized calcite grains. Limestone, fine-grained, microfossiliferous, zoichnic, granular. SL0083. Britrocks S34556.

Britrocks: S34556

Geoscenic: P552701 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552702 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Fife

SL 34 (p. 47) Charlestown Station Limestone. Old Quarry, W. side of Balneil Den, ¾ mile N.E. of Colinsburgh. 1" Sheet 41; 6" Fife 22 S.W.

(S34456). Massive grey, crystalline dolomite with conspicuous crinoid ossicles. Composed of subhedral rhombs of dolomite, 0.1 to 0.5 mm grain, and larger irregularly bounded crystals representing crinoid remains which though only slightly recrystallized to small rhombs are entirely dolomite. The refractive index, ɷ = 1.695 generally but oc­casionally rather higher, indicates that the dolomite is ankerite with a content of up to 10 per cent of ferrous carbonate. Limonitic matter fills interstices and in places coats the dolomite crystals. Grains of oxidized pyrite are present.

Ferriferous dolomite, medium-grained, zoophasmic, uneven mosaic.

Britrocks: S34456(a)

Geoscenic: P552512 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552513 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552514 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552515 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527803 Hand specimen

SL 37 (p. 47) Charlestown Station Limestone. Teassies Limeworks, 3 miles N. of Lundin Links station. 1" Sheet 41; 6" Fife 21 N.W.

(S34458). A grey crystalline dolomite with crinoid ossicles. Consisting of grains and rhombs of ankeritic dolomite of 0.05–0.3 mm grain-size. The refractive index, ɷ = 1.695, indicates about 20 per cent of the ferro-dolomitic component. Large grains of carbonate representing crinoid ossicles have shapeless boundaries owing to irregular replacement by smaller rhombs of dolomite but are nevertheless themselves converted to dolomite. Opaque pellicles, in part at least of pyrite, are frequent on the surface of the recrystallized carbonate grains.

Ferriferous dolomite, medium-grained, zoophasmic, uneven mosaic.

Britrocks: S34458(a)

Geoscenic: P552520 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552521 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552522 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552523 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527807 Hand specimen

SL 47 (p. 47) Charlestown Station Limestone. Old Quarries, Backfield of Ladeddie. 1" Sheet 49; 6" Fife. 14 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 110).

(S34462). A pale grey, compact limestone, slightly dolomitic, composed of fragmentary crinoid remains with abundant polyzoan relics and some granular carbonate and kaolin in the interstices. Dr. C. J. Stubblefield has recognized the polyzoa as Trepostomatous forms including the genus Tabulipora. The rock effervesces freely with cold dilute HCl and treatment in Lemberg's solution shows that the granular carbonate of the base is mostly calcite, but some is probably dolomite. A little pyrite is present.

Limestone, dolomitic, fossiliferous: encrinite.

Britrocks: S34462

Geoscenic: P552528 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552529 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552530 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552531 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527800 Hand specimen

SL 99 (p. 47) Charlestown Station Limestone. Longcraigs Quarry, West Lomond Hill. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife 19 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 106).

(S34491). Masive grey, fine-grained dolomite. Composed of granular turbid ankeritic dolomite, ɷ about 1.695, grain 0.1–0.2 mm, in which are set large circular nests of clear granular dolomite representing crinoid columnals. Pyrite is abundant.

Ferriferous dolomite, pyritic, fine-grained, zoophasmic.

Britrocks: S34491

Geoscenic: P552583 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552582 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 101 (p. 48) Charlestown Station Limestone (probably). N.E. Quarry, Bishop Hill, Lomond Hills. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife 19 S.W.

(S34493). Grey and buff, medium-grained dolomite with many cavities. Composed of coarsely granular dolomite, 1–2 mm across, with fine-grained interstitial dolomite 04 to 0.2 mm grain. Calcite is distributed in accessory amount as is shown by steady diffuse effervescence with cold dilute HCl, but the section takes no stain in Lemberg's solution. Refractive index, ɷ = 1.680 approx. shows that the dolomite is not an ankeritic variety.

Dolomite, varigrained, mosaic.

Britrocks: S34493

Geoscenic: P552586 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552587 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 236 (p. 48) Pseudobreccia Limestone (Charlestown Station?). St Monans shore, E. of harbour. 1" Sheet 41; 6" Fife 22 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 110).

(S35239). Dark brownish-grey limestone with conchoidal fracture, speckled with small crinoid columnals and impregnated with pyrite in bulbous growths from which small bud-like aggregates extend. The limestone is composed of very fine debris through which foraminifera and fragments of shells and crinoid are scattered. The matrix is re­crystallized in fine-grained calcite (0.02 mm grain-size), and the outlines of the fossils are in part lost. The pyrite appears as a spongy aggregate enclosing some unaltered fossil fragments and enters as an impregnation along with mainly carbonaceous matter, into some foraminifera and shell and polyzoan fragments. A crinoid columnal is seen in process of re­placement by pyrite. Examination by reflected light shows organic structure in the opaque pyrite aggregate. The pyritic growths are thus replacement deposits in the limestone.

Limestone, pyritic, micrograined, microfossiliferous, clastizoic, partly zoophasmic.

Britrocks: S35239

Geoscenic: P552982 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552983 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P528023 Thin section

SL 237 (p. 48) 'White Coral or Hurlet Limestone' (Charlestown Station?). St Monans shore, E. of harbour. 1" Sheet 41; 6" Fife 22 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p.110).

(S35240). Upper 6 ft. A white limestone composed of Lithostrotion. In thin section seen to be composed of corals filled with clear, granular calcite and interstitially packed with fine debris, including shell and crinoid fragments and spines, which is considerably recrystallized. Rhombs of dolomite, probably an ankeritic variety, occur both within the corals and in the interstitial packing.

Limestone, dolomitic, fossiliferous: coral limestone, with pelitomorphic, clastizoic mesostasis.

(S35241). Middle 3 ft, yellow. A white crystalline dolomite with many cavities. Composed of interfering rhombs of dolomite 0.03–0.3 mm across, mostly clear, but turbid in parts which probably represent the fine debris infilling between the corals. Circular outlines marked by a concentration of turbid dust represent coral walls, but no septa are pre­served in this way.

Dolomite, varigrained, zoophasmic, mosaic.

(S35242). Lower 6 ft or more. A white limestone with rough fracture. Composed of the debris of crinoids, thick and thin molluscan shells, ostracods, polyzoa, spines, occasional corals and foraminifera, embedded in a matrix of very fine-grained calcite which is partially recrystallized. Limestone, pelitomorphic to fine-grained, clastizoic, zoophasmic.

Britrocks: S35240

Geoscenic: P552984 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552985 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Lanark

SL 174 (p. 48) Main Limestone. Bankend Limeworks, ½ mile S.W. of Bankend. 1" Sheet 23; 6" Lanark. 37 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 138).

(S34905). A dark buff-grey limestone showing numerous productid shells and spines in hand specimen. The thin section shows large shells which are mostly arranged flatly to the bedding, numerous spines and a few foraminifera and polyzoan fragments, in a matrix of fine granular calcite of about 0.03 mm average grain-size, scantily cemented by turbid brown argillo-calcareous matter.

Limestone, argillaceous, fossiliferous, clastizoic, bedded.

Britrocks: S34905

Geoscenic: P552896 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552897 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 222 (p. 48) Main Limestone. 800 yd E.S.E. of Thorntonhall station, 3 mile W. of East Kilbridge. 1" Sheet 22; 6" Lanark. 16 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 133).

(S35080). A compact, brownish-grey limestone. Composed of the debris of shells, crinoids, productid spines and polyzoa, together with well-preserved foraminifera of various genera, in a plentiful matrix of calcite which is now crystallized in grains averaging 0.5 mm across, but of quite variable size in different portions of the rock. Bituminous, probably argillaceous matter and carbonaceous particles are widely disseminated interstitially to the calcite. The rock contains layers in which the shell and crinoid fragments are concentrated but foraminifera scarce, and the bituminous clay is gathered into fairly persistent sinuous and branching films. Foraminifera and polyzoa are usually heavily impregnated with opaque dust.

Limestone, fine-grained, microfossiliferous, clastizoic, bedded.

Britrocks: S35080

Geoscenic: P552959 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552958 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P528014 Thin section

SL 223 (p. 48) Main Limestone. Old Quarry 300 yd N.W. of Crosshouse Farm, 1½ miles S. of Hairmyres station. 1" Sheet 22; 6" Lanark. 16 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 133).

(S35081). A compact, dull brownish-grey limestone showing scattered small crinoid columnals. Composed of large and small debris of shells and crinoids, with many spines, scattered foraminifera and ostracods, scarce polyzoa and phosphatic fossil fragments, in a matrix of pelitomorphic calcite which is recrystallized to granular calcite of grain-size usually about 0.02 mm but varying up to about 0.15 mm in places. The section also contains one fragment of kaolin-filled cavernous limonite and two nodules of semi-opaque marl which may be faecal in origin. There is a considerable dissemination of ferruginous clay in the matrix and this is locally concentrated in thin black stylolitic films. Recrystalliz-ation has nearly obliterated many small organisms in the matrix and has affected some of the crinoid columnals.

Limestone, pelitomorphic, microfossiliferous, clastizoic.

Britrocks: S35081

Geoscenic: P552960 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552961 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P528015 Thin section

Midlothian

SL 19 (p. 49) Gilmerton Limestone, top (quarried). Ferniehill Quarry, Gilmerton. Sheet 32; 6" Midlothian 8 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 144).

(S34527). A dull grey, compact, fine-grained limestone composed of finely granular calcite, average grain-size about 0.02–0.04 mm, with recrystallized patches. There are a few bilabial sections of organisms and many tiny fragments of shell. Angular grains of quartz, granules of iron ore, and interstitial coatings of limonitic clay are present.

Limestone, luteous, micrograined, microclastizoichnic.

Britrocks: S34527

Geoscenic: P552637 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552638 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552640 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552639 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527783 Hand specimen

SL 20 (p. 49) Gilmerton Limestone, bottom part (mined). Locality and references as for SL 19.

(S34528). A brownish-grey, compact limestone. Composed partly of very fine-grained calcite as nodules of algal growth, partly of a compactly bedded mass of calcareous organic debris cemented by very fine-grained turbid calcite traversed by limonitic stylolitic films. The fossils present include crinoids, ostracods, polyzoa, shells, spines, and scarce phosphatic plates.

Limestone, algal, clastizoic, bedded.

Gilmerton Limestone, bottom part (mined). Ferniehill Quarry, Gilmerton. Mid Lothian. A brownish-grey, compact limestone. Composed partly of very fine-grained calcite as nodules of algal growth, partly of a compactly bedded mass of calcareous organic debris cemented by very fine-grained turbid calcite traversed by limonitic stylolitic films. The fossils present include crinoids, ostracods, polyzoa, shells, spines, and scarce phosphatic plates. Limestone, algal, clastizoic, bedded. SL0020. Britrocks S34528.

Britrocks: S34528

Geoscenic: P552641 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552642 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 46 (p. 49) Gilmerton (No. 1) Limestone. Common Hill Quarry, 670 yd S.W. of Middleton, 1" Sheet 32; 6" Midlothian 14 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 147).

(S34535). A grey and brownish, compact, fine-grained limestone with calcite-filled fractures. Composed of tiny calcareous fossils including foraminifera, spines, fragments of thin shells and pellets, accessory grains of quartz and granules of pyrite in a fine-grained turbid matrix of calcite, 0.01 grain, recrystallized extensively to clear calcite of grain 0.02 to 0.04 mm. In this base larger fragments of crinoid and shell and large spines are numerous.

Limestone, pelitomorphic to micrograined, microfossiliferous, clastizoic, zoophasmic.

Peebles

Britrocks: S34535

Geoscenic: P552658 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552657 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527945 Thin section

SL 21 (p. 49) Gilmerton (No. 1) Limestone, upper part. Whitfield Limeworks, 600 yd N.W. of Deepsykehead, 1 mile S.E. of Carlops. 1" Sheet 24; 6" Peebles. 5 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 151).

(S34542). A dull dark grey, fine-grained limestone. Composed of small 0.02 mm, grains of calcite, chips of thin shell and small spines, quartz silt up to 0.05 mm grain, granules of iron ore, and streaks and blobs of hydrocarbon cemented by turbid, very fine-grained calcite. Heated in the closed tube the powdered rock emits a small amount of oil. Limestone, luteous, bituminous, micrograined, microclastizoic, bedded.

Britrocks: S34542

Geoscenic: P552671 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552672 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 182 (p. 49) Gilmerton (No. 1) Limestone, basal 8 ft (worked). Day level 200 yd S.E. of Whim Farm. 1" Sheet 24; 6" Peebles. 5 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 152).

Cf. (S40470). A pale grey, massive limestone consisting of a base of calcite, 0.05 mm and smaller grain, in which are scattered abundantly fragments of shell and polyzoa and numerous crinoid columnals, foramini-fera and spines. Pyrite-impregnated zones, sometimes superimposed on large bryozoan fragments suggest algal structures.

Limestone, micrograined, clastizoic.

Gilmerton (No. 1) Limestone, basal 8 feet (worked). Day level 200 yards south-east of Whim Farm. Peebles. A pale grey, massive limestone consisting of a base of calcite, 0.05 mm and smaller grain, in which are scattered abundantly fragments of shell and polyzoa and numerous crinoid columnals, foraminifera and spines. Pyrite- impregnated zones, sometimes superimposed on large bryozoan fragments suggest algal structures. Limestone, micrograined, clastizoic. SL0182. Britrocks S40470.

Britrocks: S40470

Geoscenic: P553129 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553128 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 183 (p. 49) Gilmerton (No. 1) Limestone, top 3 ft of lower part. Whitfield Limeworks. Locality and references as for SL 21.

Cf. (S40472)–(S40473). Grey to dark 'grey compact limestone composed of round and angular grains of calcite, 0.02–0.05 mm across, with a cement of pelitomorphic calcite and clay. Fragments of shell are common, small crinoid columnals scattered, and pieces of phosphate scarce. Small angular quartz grains, granules of pyrite and drops of bitumen are present.

Limestone, luteous, fine-grained, clastizoichnic.

Britrocks: S40472

Geoscenic: P553130 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553131 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Britrocks: S40473

Geoscenic: P553133 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553132 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P531453 Thin section

Geoscenic: P531454 Thin section

Geoscenic: P531452 Thin section

Geoscenic: P531451 Thin section

Stirling

SL 159 (p. 50) Murrayshall (Hurlet) Limestone. Murrayshall Limeworks, Cambusbarron, 1½ miles S.W. of Stirling. 1" Sheet 29; 6" Stirling. 17 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 177).

(S34859). A black, compact, fine-grained limestone showing con-choidal fracture; specks of pyrite and crinoid columnals are sparsely distributed. Composed of a turbid, very fine-grained matrix of calcareous fossil debris, calcite granules, 0.005 mm, and probably some clay, in which are numerous fragmentary large and small shells, crinoid colum-nals, foraminifera, spines and polyzoa. Small opaque granules and wisps, fairly abundantly distributed, are largely carbonaceous, but some are of pyrite. Shreds of bleached mica are present.

Limestone, argillaceous, pelitomorphic, fossiliferous, clastizoic.

Britrocks: S34859

Geoscenic: P552884 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552885 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527998 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527839 Hand specimen

Skateraw Middle, Charleston Green

East Lothian

SL 62 (p. 50) Skateraw Middle (?) Limestone. Saltoun Limeworks, quarry south of road, ¾ mile N.W. of Saltoun. 1" Sheet 33; 6" East Lothian 14 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 94).

(S34551). A buff-grey limestone showing crinoid ossicles. Composed of the debris of calcareous organisms, including crinoids and shells with subordinate foraminifera and spines in a matrix of calcite of grain 0.02­0–0.1 mm. The shapes of the remains are becoming indefinite through general recrystallization, and are better preserved in an irregular, dark patch which is probably a faecal pellet.

Limestone, fine-grained, microfossiliferous, clastizoic.

Britrocks: S34551

Geoscenic: P552687 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552688 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527796 Hand specimen

SL 84 (p. 50) Skateraw Middle Limestone. Shore at Skateraw. 1" Sheet 33; 6" East Lothian 12 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 96).

(S34557). Pale brownish-grey limestone, showing scattered cleavage faces of calcite and dull dark greenish specks. The rock is composed of the debris of shells, spines, occasional Calcisphaera, foraminifera, algae and scarce crinoidal remains in a very fine-grained base of calcite granules, 0.002–0.01 mm. Locally the base is recrystallized. The walls of many of the fossil fragments are impregnated with pyrite. Bituminous matter occurs sparsely in foraminifera chambers and in small clots.

Limestone, pelitomorphic to fine-grained, microfossiliferous, clastizoic.

Britrocks: S34557

Geoscenic: P552703 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552704 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552705 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552706 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527951 Thin section

Fife

SL 100 (p. 50) Charleston Green Limestone (prob.). Wilkie's Quarry, West Lomond Hill. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife 19 N.W.

(S34492). A blue-grey limestone, composed of granular calcite, in grains 0.02-0.05 mm across, among which the shapes of fragments of shell and crinoid are poorly preserved. Brown specks visible in hand specimen are composed of dolomite with disseminated limonitic matter.

Limestone, dolomitic, fine-grained, zoophasmic.

Britrocks: S34492

Geoscenic: P552584 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552585 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527825 Hand specimen

SL 235 (p. 50) Limestone, 2 ft 6 in (Charlestown Green?). St. Monans Shore, E. of harbour. 1" Sheet 41; 6" Fife 22 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 110).

(S35238). A grey limestone with rough texture. Composed of rather coarse shell, polyzoan and crinoidal debris in a matrix of finely divided 'Calcite and small debris containing complete foraminifera, ostracods and spines and spotted with brownish probably bituminous matter. Many of the foraminifera and some shell fragments are deeply impregnated with opaque matter, which is pyritic in some cases. The powdered rock gives off heavy oil when heated in the closed tube, and in the thin section bituminous matter is abundantly distributed as short films and small clots.

Limestone, bituminous, microfossiliferous, clastizoic.

Britrocks: S35238

Geoscenic: P552980 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552981 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P528022 Thin section

Kinross

SL 103 (p. 50) Charlestown Green Limestone (prob.). White Craigs Quarry, S. shoulder of Bishop Hill. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife and Kinross. 18 S.E.

(S40337) and (S34495). A grey and brown, crystalline dolomite with large cavities. Composed of interlocking grains of dolomite, of grain varying from 0.1 to 1.5 mm, between and among which limonitic dust is widely distributed. The sample contains bands of dolomitic chert in which whole and fragmentary crinoid plates, completely dolomitized, are numerous.

Dolomite, zoophasmic, uneven mosaic, and dolomitic chert, taxichnic

Charlestown Main, North Greens, Petershill

Fife

SL 8 (p. 51) Charlestown Main Limestone. Duloch Limestone Mine, Sunnybank, 1 mile N. of Inverkeithing. 1" Sheet 32; 6" Fife 39 S.W.

(S34442). A grey-brown, finely granular dolomite, of grain-size 01 mm, in which numerous crinoid columnals remain recognizable as large crystals partly replaced by the fine-grained dolomite. Tests with acid and Lemberg's solution show that the large crystals as well as the small are dolomite. A few ghosts of other organic structure persist. Black and reddish dust frequently outlines these structures and is also con­centrated where no organic structure is recognized.

Ferriferous dolomite, medium-grained, zoophasmic, mosaic.

Britrocks: S34442

Geoscenic: P552439 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552440 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552441 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552442 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552443 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552444 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527791 Hand specimen

SL 9 (p. 51) Charlestown Main Limestone. Roscobie Quarry and mine, 3 miles N. of Dunfermline. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife 34 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 102; see also No. SL 226 p. 121).

(S34443). A very dark grey limestone containing numerous large crinoid ossicles. Unsorted complete and fragmentary crinoid ossicles, preserved in coarsely granular calcite, are embedded in a matrix of microgranular calcite and small recrystallized fossil debris. Black, carbonaceous matter is locally abundant interstitially to the calcite matrix. A small amount of dolomite is present in the larger, recrystal­lized shell fragments.

Limestone, dolomitic, varigrained, zoophasmic.

Britrocks: S34443(a)

Geoscenic: P552445 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552446 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552447 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552448 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527787 Hand specimen

SL 10 (p. 51) Charlestown Main Limestone, Chapel Quarry, about 2 miles N.W. of Kirkcaldy. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife 35 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 104; also J. Phemister and A. G. MacGregor, Mineralogical Mag., vol. xxvi, 1942, pp. 275–282. See also Nos. SL 210–215 below).

(S34444). Dark grey limestone mottled with white powdery material. (Specimen from about 6–8 ft above the quarry floor). Composed of granular carbonate, 01 mm grain-size, with debris of shells and crinoids. Nests of more coarsely granular carbonate have a dusky brown appear­ance. Lemberg's test shows that the carbonate is all calcite. Some bands of the rock are rich in tiny grains, giving square and six-sided sections, of garnet (grossular) and also in poorly shaped crystals of datolite. The largest garnet grains are about 0.08 mm across.

Limestone with calc-silicates, varigrained, zoophasmic.

E 34445. Pale grey limestone with pink and white patches. (Specimen from near the quarry floor). The rock is partly a limestone composed of organic debris with abundant echinodermal fragments. Throughout this portion grains of datolite and garnet are common. Part of the rock is more shaly, enclosing crinoid remains. This portion is brown and opaque, but near the edge of the slide it shows fibres and a multitude of minute grains and prisms with high extinction angle. 'Pectolite has been observed as the main constituent of two very thin sinuous and im-persistent veins in one of which the pectolite is locally replaced by apophyllite.' (Phemister and MacGregor, op. cit.).

Limestone with calcsilicates, fine-grained, zoichnic, bedded.

Britrocks: S34444

Britrocks: S34445(a)

Geoscenic: P552449 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552450 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552451 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552452 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552453 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552454 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552455 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552456 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552457 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552458 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552459 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552460 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552461 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552462 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552463 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552464 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552465 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552466 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552467 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552468 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552469 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552470 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552471 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552472 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552473 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552474 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552475 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552476 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552477 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552478 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527927 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527793 Hand specimen

Geoscenic: P527781 Hand specimen

SL 48 (p. 51) Charlestown Main Limestone, basal part. Cults and Pitlessie Limeworks, 4 miles S.S.W. of Cupar. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife 13 S.E.

(S34463). A dark grey, compact limestone composed of fragments of crinoids, shells and polyzoa and of foraminifera, in a fine granular calcite base. The polyzoa are often outlined in opaque matter sometimes recognizable as pyrites, and local concentrations of black, possibly carbonaceous, matter are numerous. Bitumen is present in small quantity as tiny wisps and clots.

Limestone, varigrained, microfossiliferous, in part zoophasmic, clasti zoich-nic, bedded.

Britrocks: S34463(a)

Geoscenic: P552532 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552533 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552534 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552535 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527801 Hand specimen

SL 49 (p. 51) Charlestown Main Limestone, main seam workings. Cults and Pitlessie Limeworks. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife 13 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 109)

(S34464). Brownish-grey, compact, finely granular limestone composed largely of the debris of shells, polyzoa and foraminifera in a base of small grains of calcite. Treatment in Lemberg's solution shows that the carbonate is dominantly calcite, but some turbid foraminifera and shell fragments do not stain or stain only slightly. Brown interstitial films and scraps of bitumen are abundant and grains of pyrite sparse.

Limestone, fine-grained, microfossiliferous, clastizoic.

Britrocks: S34464(a)

Geoscenic: P552536 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552537 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552538 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552539 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 50 (p. 51) 'Thin Limestone above the Hurlet' (Charlestown Main?). Old West Quarry, Forthar Old Limeworks, 1 mile E.S.E. of Freuchie. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife 20 N.W.

(S34465). A dark calcareous dolomite with Lithostrotion. The corals, com­pletely recrystallized but occasionally showing traces of septa in the form of trains of mineral particles, are set in a matrix of granular carbonate, coloured brownish by carbonaceous matter, and clear shell fragments. A little pyrite is present. The dolomite is ferriferous, the ordinary refractive index varying about 1.697. Immersion in logwood stain failed to reveal calcite, and staining by the silver nitrate-potassium chromate method as modified by H. E. Wilson produced a general pinkish stain with numerous minute points of concentration. Since the chemical analysis indicates the presence of excess calcite over the proportions required for ferriferous dolomite, the failure of the staining method to reveal discrete crystals of calcite suggests that the excess carbonate is present in solid solution in the dolomite.

Ferriferous dolomite, fine-grained, zoichnic, taxichnic.

Britrocks: S34465

Geoscenic: P552540 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552541 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552542 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552543 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552544 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552545 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527936 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527805 Hand specimen

SL 97 (p. 52) Charlestown Main Limestone (prob.). Easter Glasslie, 2½ miles N. of Leslie. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife 19 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 107).

(S34489). Grey, brownish weathering dolomite, composed of irregular, interlocking grains of turbid dolomite, 0.5–0.2 mm, with accessory pyrite and disseminated fine carbonaceous particles.

Dolomite, varigrained, zoophasmic, diacrystallic.

Britrocks: S34489(a)

Geoscenic: P552568 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552569 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552570 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552571 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552572 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552573 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527938 Thin section

SL 98 (p. 52) Charlestown Main Limestone. East Lomond Quarry, at base of East Lomond Hill, about 1¼ miles S.W. of Falkland. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife 19 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 106).

(S34490). Dark, grey, saccharoidal limestone composed of inequigranular calcite, 0.05–0.5 mm, with much opaque, argillaceous material, including oxidized pyrite and carbonaceous matter, distributed through the rock.

Limestone, argillaceous, medium grained, zoophasmic, granular.

Britrocks: S34490

Geoscenic: P552575 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552574 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 121 (p. 52) Charlestown Main Limestone. Invertiel Quarry, 1 mile S.S.W. of Kirkcaldy. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife 35 S.E.

(S34594). Pale grey, compact dolomite with argillaceous films. The thin section shows a mass of fossil fragments, mainly large and small crinoidal remains, spines, shells and thick-walled cellular structures in a finely granular cement of carbonate and opaque clay. A few thick siliceous spines, with carbonate-filled canal, are present. Granules of pyrite and shreds of carbonaceous matter are abundant.

Dolomite, argillaceous, clastizoic, bedded.

Britrocks: S34594

Geoscenic: P552780 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552781 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527815 Hand specimen

Geoscenic: P527813 Hand specimen

SL 210 (p. 52) Charlestown Main Limestone, 22–23 ft from base of quarry face. Chapel Limestone Quarry, about 2 miles N.W. of Kirkcaldy. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife. 35 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 104; also J. Phemister and A. G. MacGregor, Mineralogical Mag., vol. xxvi, 1942, pp. 275–282; see also SL 10, p. 117).

(S35900). Coarse, bluish dolomite mottled with duller, cream-coloured dolomite. The section shows dolomite in crystals up to 1.0 mm in size, mostly of irregular shape, but often showing rhomboidal angles. Inter­stitial between the grains is a patchy cement of clay aggregate, faintly yellowish-green in places and possessing a moderate birefringence. A little secondary quartz is present and pyrite occurs in small scattered grains. The dolomite usually shows undulose extinction.

Dolomite with clay aggregate, medium-grained, uneven mosaic, strained.

Britrocks: S35900

Geoscenic: P553094 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553095 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P531440 Thin section

Geoscenic: P531439 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527851 Hand specimen

SL 211 (p. 52) Charlestown Main Limestone, 12–22 ft above base of quarry face. Locality and references as for SL 210.

(S35901). Grey compact, translucent limestone, with numerous spots of a white fibrous mineral. The rock is composed of granular calcite, of 0.1–0.4 mm grain-size, together with larger grains, up to 0.5 mm long, in which the trabecular structure and axial canals of crinoids may be retained. Large plumose aggregates of prismatic and acicular pectolite are numerous. Garnet is uniformly scattered through the rock in small idio-blastic crystals up to 0.1 mm diameter, and datolite, in irregular grains, is scarce.

Limestone with calcsilicates, varigrained, zoophasmic, diacrystallic, in part granobiastic.

p>Britrocks: S35901

Geoscenic: P553097 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553096 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527854 Hand specimen

SL 212 (p. 52) Charlestown Main Limestone, 9–12 ft above base of quarry face. Locality and references as for SL 210.

(S35902). Compact grey limestone permeated with and containing compact aggregates of greenish-yellow structureless clay and also some microcrystalline greenish-white aggregates. The limestone is com­posed of granular calcite of 0.1 mm grain-size and over, with occasional relict organic structures of which the most conspicuous are foraminifera, within the chambers of which the calcite is coarsely recrystallized. Spines and occasional crinoid ossicles are also obvious. Masses of an almost opaque, finely divided clay aggregate are abundant in patches. Garnet is locally developed in dodecahedra and in irregular grains or aggregates up to 0.2 mm across and the microcrystalline greenish aggregate seen in hand specimen is largely grossular. No datolite was found.

Limestone with calcsilicates, varigrained, zoophasmic, in part granoblastic.

Britrocks: S35902

Geoscenic: P553098 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553099 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P531442 Thin section

Geoscenic: P531441 Thin section

SL 213 (p. 53) Charlestown Main Limestone, 6–9 ft above base of quarry face. Locality and references as for SL 210.

(S35903). Dull grey limestone with numerous white spots and scarcer pale green spots, and with a band in which a greenish mineral is more abundant than calcite and is streaked out parallel to the band. The lime­stone is composed of granular calcite, 0.02 mm–0.6 mm grain-size, together with numerous large grains representing crinoid ossicles. Relict organic structures are preserved by outlines in clay, and shapeless masses of opaque clay are abundant. Also aggregates of translucent cryptocrystalline, moderately birefringent material are common. No datolite or garnet was seen. The white spots seen in the specimen are not pectolite, but a finely divided flaky aggregate of moderate bire­fringence, perhaps talc. (Note: talc or steatite was identified in other specimens; see J. Phemister & A. G. MacGregor, Mineralogical Mag., vol. xxvi, 1942).

Limestone with talc, varigrained, zoophasmic.

Britrocks: S35903

Geoscenic: P553101 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553100 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527855 Hand specimen

SL 214 (p. 53) Charlestown Main Limestone, 3–6 ft above base of quarry face. Locality and references as for SL 210.

(S35904). Dark grey limestone with grey spots, passing to yellowish-grey overall with black streaks and a pale green mineral filling spaces lined with black material. The dark part is well crystallized to irregular granular calcite of varying size and uniformly permeated by brown dust or stain. This portion still contains crinoid ossicles and outlines of shells in both cases recrystallized, though the former may still be of one piece and retain trabecular structure. The paler coloured limestone is little different, except in smaller grain-size and absence of brown coloration in the calcite. Garnet (grossular) is well distributed throughout the whole rock. Only a small quantity of fine-grained, almost opaque, aggregate is present in the section.

Limestone with garnet, varigrained, zoophasmic.

Britrocks: S35904

Geoscenic: P553102 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553103 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P531444 Thin section

Geoscenic: P531445 Thin section

SL 215 (p. 53) Charlestown Main Limestone, from base to 3 ft above base of quarry face. Locality and references as for SL 210.

(S35905). Grey limestone with patches of lustreless greenish clay. The rock is composed of slightly recrystallized granular calcite, 0.02–0.2 mm, in which crinoid ossicles (not recrystallized), shells and recrystallized ostracods are numerous. There are also several foraminifera whose walls are replaced by garnet. A semi-opaque, white, fibrous aggregate forms a patchy cement and minute garnets occur singly or in aggregates in considerable quantity scattered through the rock.

Limestone with garnet, fine-grained, zoichnic.

Charlestown Main Limestone, from base to 3 feet above base of quarry face.Chapel Limestone Quarry, about 2 miles north-west of Kirkcaldy. Fife Region. Grey limestone with patches of lustreless greenish clay. The rock is composed of slightly recrystallized granular calcite, 0.02 - 0.2 mm, in which crinoid ossicles (not recrystallized), shells and recrystallized ostracods are numerous. There are also several foraminifera whose walls are replaced by garnet. A semi-opaque, white, fibrous aggregate forms a patchy cement and minute garnets occur singly or in aggregates in considerable quantity scattered through the rock. Limestone with garnet, fine-grained, zoichnic. SL0215. Britrocks S35905.

Britrocks: S35905

Geoscenic: P553104 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553105 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 224 (p. 53) Charlestown Main Limestone, higher, dolomitic part. N. end of West Quarry, Charlestown, 3 miles S.W. of Dunfermline. 1" Sheet 32; 6" Fife 38 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, pp. 101–2; see also SL 276, below).

(S35082). A buff microcrystalline dolomite with many cavities which are surrounded by iron staining. Composed of turbid grains, rhomboid and irregular 0.1–0.25 mm across, of dolomite. Diffuse curved outlines of shells and crinoid columnals are preserved as single crystals of dolomite. There are a few small irregular grains of chert and secondary quartz and of composite granular quartz probably of detrital origin. The well preserved crinoid columnals can be seen in the hand specimen. They do not react with cold dilute acid but usually active effervescence can be seen on their borders or in the canal. No calcite can be distinguished in these positions in the section. Occasionally a crinoid columnal is considerably replaced by secondary quartz in which trabecular structure may be retained.

Dolomite, varigrained, zoophasmic, holey, uneven mosaic.

Britrocks: S35082

Geoscenic: P552962 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552963 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P528016 Thin section

SL 225 (p. 53) Charlestown Main Limestone, worked portion. Locality and references as for SL 224.

(S35083). A dull, compact brownish-grey limestone. Calcite occurs filling joints. Composed of a matrix of brown clay and calcite mud filled with a calcite sand, flattened fragments of thin shells and fragments of crinoids and of shelly crinoidal limestone which has been soft when incorporated in the deposit. These limestone fragments have probably been derived from layers of clay-free calcareous debris one of which is seen in the section. In the most clayey portion of the section there are stylolitic films of carbonaceous or bituminous matter. Larger fragments of crinoid and coral are scattered in the fine-grained argillaceous lime­stone.

Limestone, argillaceous, pelitomorphic, clastizoic, bedded.

Charlestown Main Limestone, worked portion. North end of West Quarry, Charlestown, 3 miles south-west of Dunfermline. Fife Region. A dull, compact brownish-grey limestone. Calcite occurs filling joints. Composed of a matrix of brown clay and calcite mud filled with a calcite sand, flattened fragments of thin shells and fragments of crinoids and of shelly crinoidal limestone which has been soft when incorporated in the deposit. These limestone fragments have probably been derived from layers of clay-free calcareous debris one of which is seen in the section. In the most clayey portion of the section there are stylolitic films of carbonaceous or bituminous matter. Larger fragments of crinoid and coral are scattered in the fine-grained argillaceous limestone. Limestone, argillaceous, pelitomorphic, clastizoic, bedded. SL0225. Britrocks S35083.

Britrocks: S35083

Geoscenic: P552965 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552964 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 226 (p. 53) Charlestown Main Limestone, 2–5 ft above dolerite sill. Mine, at N.W. end of Roscobie Quarry. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife 33 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 103; see also SL 9 above).

(S35084). A grey limestone with a greenish tinge, with rough fracture and altered aspect. Composed of a mosaic of clear granular calcite of varying grain-size (0.01–0.2 mm). In this are scattered numerous relics of crinoid columnals and shells. The shape of the columnals is retained but the plates are recrystallized to granular aggregates. The shape of the shells is very largely lost through recrystallization. There is a con­siderable quantity of clear interstitial substance amongst the calcite mosaic. This is an aggregate of very small fibres and scales insoluble in cold dilute HCl and appears as a greenish clay when the calcite is dissolved out. When thus separated the colour of the mineral is in general pale greenish, but often yellow and occasionally brown; from its optical properties it seems to be an antigoritic chlorite. Small black grains are scattered in accessory proportions in the rock and larger grains of pyrite are scarce.

Limestone with chlorite, clastizoic, zoichnic, granular.

Britrocks: S35084

Geoscenic: P552967 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552966 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P528017 Thin section

SL 234 (p. 54) Charlestown Main Limestone (?). St. Monans shore, E. of harbour 1" Sheet 41; 6" Fife 22 S.E.

(S35237). A dull grey dolomite showing crinoid ossicles: these do not effervesce in cold dilute HCl, but a slight overall effervescence in the rock shows the dissemination of calcite. The section shows large crinoid columnals and shell fragments, the structure of which is destroyed by recrystallization, in a ground of dolomite, of grain-size 0.02–0.1 mm, coloured brown by disseminated bituminous clay. Stylolitic films separ­ate bands of debris of differing grain-size. There are a few small brown isotropic phosphatic fossil fragments. The crinoid columnals are pre­served in dolomite though generally retaining their single crystal struc­ture and enclosing small rhombs of dolomite. The dolomite is ferriferous, the ordinary refractive index being 1.695.

Ferriferous dolomite, fine-grained, clastizoichnic, taxichnic.

Britrocks: S35237

Geoscenic: P552978 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552979 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P528021 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527864 Hand specimen

Geoscenic: P527863 Hand specimen

SL 276 (p. 54) Charlestown Main Limestone, top 7 ft in N.W. corner of West Quarry, Charlestown Quarries, 3 miles S.W. of Dunfermline. 1" Sheet 32; 6" Fife 38 S.E. (see also SL 224 and SL 225 above).

(S35799). A brownish, compact dolomitized limestone, having a crystal­line appearance due to the abundance of crinoid plates. It is composed of fossil debris consisting essentially of crinoidal and polyzoan fragments; subordinate fossil components include shells, spines, foraminifera, siliceous spicules and scarce phosphatic fragments. Parts of the rock are completely dolomitized; in other parts, while the matrix is recrystal­lized in dolomite and partly replaced by quartz, the larger fossil struc­tures remain wholly or in part of calcite.

Limestone, dolomitic, fossilzferous, clastizoic.

Britrocks: S35799

Geoscenic: P553068 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553070 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553071 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553072 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553073 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553069 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P531433 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527876 Hand specimen

SL 277 (p. 54) Charlestown Main Limestone, top 1 ft 6 in. Bogie Mains Quarry, 1 mile N.W. of Kirkcaldy station. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife 35 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 105).

(S35800). Dark grey rock with white angular specks, showing a faint undulating lamination. In thin section, consists of a matrix of fine-grained silica and obscure opaque material, in which are embedded numerous bodies of round, rectangular or less regular shapes, sometimes showing relics of shell structure. These may be composed entirely of cherty silica, of silica and prochlorite, silica and dolomite, or of all three; or they may be entirely of chlorite or of dolomite. Only in one large dolomite-silica fragment was the trabecular structure of a crinoid recognized. The chlorite is pleochroic from yellow to colourless. The rock appears to be a silicified shale, originally calcareous and rich in fossil debris. The large amount of chlorite suggests that pyroclastic material formed part of the original sediment. The silica available for silicification may also have been of volcanic origin.

Dolomitic chert, bedded.

Britrocks: S35800

Geoscenic: P553074 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553075 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P531434 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527873 Hand specimen

SL 278 (p. 54) Charlestown Main Limestone, 1 ft 6 in-8 ft from top. Locality and references as for SL 277.

(S35801). A pale grey limestone with a coarse appearance due to the abundance of large crinoidal remains. Consists of large and small crinoid ossicles cemented by a matrix partly of very finely divided calcite, partly of clear granular carbonate, having the rhomboid shape of dolo­mite and with subordinate clay mineral. Small and extensive areas of silicification are numerous and black carbonaceous shreds are abundant in association with the clay.

Limestone, dolomitic, silicified, crinoidal: encrinite.

Britrocks: S35801

Geoscenic: P553076 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553077 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553078 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553079 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527872 Hand specimen

SL 279 (p. 54) Charlestown Main Limestone, top 10 ft at E. end of quarry face. Glenniston Quarry, 1 mile N. of Auchtertool. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife 35 N. W., S.W., (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 105).

(S35802). A compact, fawn-coloured dolomite with crinoid ossicles which effervesce slightly with cold dilute HCl. Composed of interlocking grains of dolomite, 01–0.2 mm across, amongst which there are single crystal dolomite replacements of crinoid ossicles and coarsely crystalline aggregates after shell casts. There is great variation in the degree of preservation of the original outline of the organic constituents, some ossicles and shell casts being perfect, while others are mere indications. Calcite was not distinguished as such, but must be fairly uniformly present through the rock on the evidence of slight overall effervescence with cold dilute HCl.

Dolomite, calcareous, varigrained, zoichnic, uneven mosaic.

Britrocks: S35802

Geoscenic: P553080 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553081 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P531435 Thin section

SL 280 (p. 54) Charlestown Main (Seafield Tower) Limestone, lowest 3½ ft. Shore S. of Seafield Tower, Kirkcaldy. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife 40 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 106).

(S35803). A brown, compact, microcrystalline dolomite showing slight overall effervescence in cold dilute HCl. Crinoid ossicles unaffected by cold dilute HCl are scattered in the rock. In thin section the rock is a dolomite of very variable grain, parts being of 0.1 mm grain-size and cemented by limonitic clay, most being about 0.2 mm grain-size, but large areas show recrystallized dolomite of grain 0.5–1.0 mm across. In this rock there is much more disseminated limonite (or limonitic clay) than in (S35802) (see SL 279 above), and because of original im­purities having impregnated the carbonate of the crinoids, the trabecular structure is extensively preserved in spite of the dolomitization, which may have completely destroyed all other evidence, including shape. Dolomite, varigrained, zoophasmic, diacrystallic, homoiolithic.

Kinross

Britrocks: S35803

Geoscenic: P553083 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553082 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P531436 Thin section

SL 102 (p. 55) Charlestown Main Limestone. Clatteringwell Quarry, Bishop Hill, about 1 mile N.E. of Kinnesswood. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife & Kinross. 18 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 129).

(S34494). Pale brownish, greenish-mottle limestone composed of crinoid and shell fragments in a fine calcareous base in which finely divided chlorite is locally abundant and tiny crystals of pyrite are universally present. The fossil fragments are greatly recrystallized, but trabecular structure is commonly preserved, even when replacement by calcite-chlorite aggregate has occurred. The residue from solution in cold dilute HCl includes grossular, forsterite, diopside, opaque spinellid, and brookite, rutile and zircon.

Limestone with chlorite, pelitomorphic, clastizoic, zoichnic.

Britrocks: S34494

Geoscenic: P552588 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552589 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527814 Hand specimen

SL 231 (p. 55) Charlestown Main Limestone, typical sample from working face. Clatteringwell Quarry. Locality and references as for SL 102.

(S35470). A blue-grey and whitish, fine-grained saccharoidal limestone, composed of granular anhedral calcite, varying irregularly in grain from 0.03 to 0.5 mm and in places showing regular changes in grain over areas which represent fossil structures. Small garnets, 0.05–0.15 mm across are common and there are some groups of small oxidized pyrite cubes.

Limestone, with garnet, varigrained, zoophasmic, in part granoblastic.

Britrocks: S35470

Geoscenic: P553057 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553056 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 232 (p. 55) Charlestown Main Limestone, from lower half of quarry face a short distance above a 200-ft quartz-dolerite sill. Clatteringwell Quarry. Locality and references as for SL 102.

(S35471), (S35472). (S35471) is a whitish fine-grained and (S35472) a blue-grey and greenish-grey saccharoidal limestone. In thin section both show numerous pseudomorphs, in granular calcite, of crinoid columnals, trabecular structure being retained and picked out by impregnations of opaque dust around the pores (S35471). Shell moulds and debris of productid spines, shelly and echinodermal material and possibly fora-minifera are present in (S35472). In the latter specimen however, colourless garnets also are abundant and there is a large amount of cementing material composed of birefringent, semi-opaque fibrous aggregate from which garnet appears to be in process of development. The garnet is a lime-garnet with a refractive index indicating about 12 per cent of the andradite molecule. The fibrous aggregate is a mixture of minerals difficult to discriminate but including chlorite, muscovite, an antigoritic mineral, and a little diopside.

Limestone, with calcsilicates, varigrained, zoophasmic, granular to granoblastic.

Britrocks: S35472

Geoscenic: P553059 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553058 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P531429 Thin section

Midlothian

SL 41 (p. 55) North Greens (No. 2) Limestone, basal 15 ft. Middleton Limeworks, Middleton. 1" Sheet 32; 6" Midlothian 14 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 146)

(S34529). Compact, grey limestone composed of finely granular calcite, 0.01–0.1 mm grain-size, enclosing debris of small shells, foraminifera, vermiform algae encrusting crinoid and shell fragments, small bodies giving horned hemispherical sections, occasional larger fragments of crinoid and shell and thin-walled bodies, apparently ostracods. Limestone, micrograined, microfossiliferous, clastizoic.

(S34530). Compact, darker grey limestone containing larger and less recrystallized organic remains than (S34529). Fragments of crinoids, large shells, foraminifera, tubular bodies, small shells and some septate small bodies are numerous; polyzoa are present. The matrix is of granular calcite, averaging 0.5 mm grain, cemented by finely divided calcite and bituminous matter, and contains occasional faecal pellets. Limestone, fine-grained, microfossiliferous, clastizoic.

Britrocks: S34529

Geoscenic: P552644 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552643 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Britrocks: S34530

Geoscenic: P552645 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552646 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 42 (p. 55) North Greens (No. 2) Limestone, upper 30 ft of bed. Middleton Quarry, 1100 yd S.W. of Middleton. References as for SL 41.

(S34531). A fine uniform grained, fawn-grey limestone, composed of recrystallized grains of calcite (0.05 mm grain-size) cemented by limon-itic clay which is locally abundant and impregnated with black matter. Isolated fragments of polyzoa, thin-walled valves and foraminifera are preserved.

Limestone, fine-grained, microfossiliferous, clastizoichnic.

Britrocks: S34531

Geoscenic: P552648 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552647 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 55 (p. 55) North Greens (No. 2) Limestone, basal mined band. Quarry on left bank of Tyne Water, 200 yd N. of Currie Lee Limeworks, 3 miles E. of Gorebridge. 1" Sheet 32; 6" Midlothian 15 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 147).

(S34536). Compact, fawn-grey limestone composed of finely triturated debris of calcareous organisms with numerous fragments of small shells and many foraminifera and scarcer spines, Calcisphaera, polyzoan and algal fragments, and small faecal pellets, in a recrystallized base of finely granular calcite.

Limestone, micrograined, microfossiliferous, clastizoichnic.

Britrocks: S34536

Geoscenic: P552659 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552660 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 56 (p. 56) North Greens (No. 2) Limestone. Quarry 400 yd N. 5° E. of D'Arcy Farm, 2¼ miles S.E. of Dalkeith. 1" Sheet 32; 6" Midlothian 8 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 147).

(S34537). Platy, dark grey, calcareous shale. The section shows a brown-stained, isotropic, argillaceous base in which are set very numerous fragments of calcareous organisms, including echinoderms and shells, prisms of calcite showing rectangular and occasional hexagonal sections, and small bodies giving circular sections. A few small grains of quartz are present and specks of carbonaceous and bituminous matter are abundant.

Calcareous shale, clastizoic.

(S34538). The section shows a more intimate mixture of argillaceous and fine calcareous material enclosing many small crinoid columnals and some shell fragments.

Calcareous shale, clastizoic.

Britrocks: S34538

Geoscenic: P552664 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552663 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Britrocks: S34537

Geoscenic: P552661 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552662 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 57 (p. 56) North Greens (No. 2) Limestone, top half of upper band. Quarry 160 yd N.W. of Northfield, Cousland Lime Workings, 2½ miles E.N.E. of Dalkeith. 1" Sheet 32; 6" Midlothian 8 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 147–8).

(S34539). A grey and brownish, earthy limestone. The section shows almost equal proportions of brown argillaceous and calcareous material, among which thin rectangular sections (possibly pieces of thin-walled shells) are prominent. Remains of crinoids, polyzoa, shells and spines can be recognized but for the most part the calcareous material is small platy debris. Angular grains of quartz and shreds of muscovite and bleached biotite are common throughout the rock.

Calcareous shale, clastizoic.

Britrocks: S34539

Geoscenic: P552665 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552666 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527946 Thin section

SL 58 (p. 56) North Greens (No. 2) Limestone, bottom half of upper band. Locality and references as for SL 57.

(S34540). A dull grey, very fine-grained limestone composed of fine debris and fragments of calcareous organisms with a considerable amount of brownish argillaceous matter. A few small crinoidal and foraminiferal remains are scattered through the rock. Small angular quartz grains are present and specks of carbonaceous and bituminous matter are evenly disseminated.

Limestone, luteous, micrograined, microclastizoic.

North Greens (No. 2) Limestone, bottom half of upper band. Quarry 160 yards north-west of Northfield, Cousland Lime Workings, 2.5 miles east-north-east of Dalkeith. Mid Lothian. A dull grey, very fine-grained limestone composed of fine debris and fragments of calcareous organisms with a considerable amount of brownish argillaceous matter. A few small crinoidal and foraminiferal remains are scattered through the rock. Small angular quartz grains are present and specks of carbonaceous and bituminous matter are evenly disseminated. Limestone, luteous, micrograined, microclastizoic. SL0058. Britrocks S34540.

Britrocks: S34540

Geoscenic: P552667 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552668 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 59 (p. 56) North Greens (No. 2) Limestone, lower massive half. Locality and references as for SL 57.

(S34541). Bedded limestone composed largely of fragments of calcareous organisms with cementing fine calcareous debris and some argillaceous and bituminous matter. Crinoids, foraminifera, shells and polyzoan fragments are numerous and lie with their flatter surfaces along the bedding.

Limestone, pelitomorphic, clastizoic, bedded.

Britrocks: S34541

Geoscenic: P552670 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552669 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527947 Thin section

SL 81 (p. 56) North Greens (No. 2) Limestone. Upper Side Quarry, 100 yd S.S.W. of Fountainside, 2½ miles S.W. of Temple. 1" Sheet 32; 6" Midlothian 20 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 146).

(S34555). Compact, dark grey limestone. Partly recrystallized fragments of thin shells, scarce foraminifera, scarce small shells filled with clear granular calcite, numerous pyrite-impregnated straight and curved fragments and very scarce polyzoan fragments are embedded in a base of very fine-grained, granular calcite and probably clay. The grain of the base increases in places to 0.03 mm size. The rock is traversed by very thin impersistent calcite-filled fractures. A few small crystals of a yellow, highly refractive, isotropic mineral taken to be sphalerite occur in a shell and a spine.

Limestone, luteous, pelitomorphic, clastizoichnic.

Britrocks: S34555

Geoscenic: P552699 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552700 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527950 Thin section

Peebles

SL 23 (p. 56) North Greens (No. 2) Limestone. Bents Quarry, 600 yd N. of Macbiehill House. 1" Sheet 24; 6" Peebles. 5 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 152)

(S34544). Fawn-grey, compact limestone composed of fragments of crinoids, shells and polyzoa in a turbid base partly of granular calcareous debris, partly pelitomorphic calcite. Foraminifera are present and these and polyzoan chambers are occasionally filled with glauconitic mineral aggregate. Pyrite and fossil phosphate are accessory. Thin calcite veins cut the rock.

Limestone, fine-grained, clastizoic.

Britrocks: S34544

Geoscenic: P552676 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552675 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527792 Hand specimen

West Lothian

SL 51 (p. 57) Petershill Limestone, near top. Quarry 1000 yd N. 5" E. of north-east end of Petershill Reservoir, near Bathgate. 1" Sheet 31; 6" West Lothian N.S. 9 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 195).

(S34446). A brown, coarse-grained limestone composed mainly of whole and fragmentary crinoid ossicles with granular calcareous debris and rhombs of dolomite, scarce shell debris and a few ooliths in the interstices. There is a little pyrite and some phosphatic material. Bituminous matter is disseminated in the interstitial carbonate.

Limestone, crinoidal: encrinite.

Britrocks: S34446(a)

Geoscenic: P552479 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552480 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552481 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552482 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 52 (p. 57) Petershill Limestone, 10 ft from top. Locality and references as for SL 51.

(S34447). Brownish-grey, compact limestone composed of calcareous debris including fragments of small shells and crinoids and numerous tests of foraminifera. A little bituminous matter is present. The matrix is of finely divided calcite in process of recrystallization.

Limestone, micrograined, microfossiliferous, clastizoic.

Britrocks: S34447A

Geoscenic: P553148 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553149 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Britrocks: S34447

Geoscenic: P552483 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552484 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552485 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527928 Thin section

SL 53 (p. 57) Petershill Limestone, lower part. Locality and references as for SL 51

(S34448). A dark grey, coarse-grained limestone composed of crinoid and shell debris, the latter partly incorporated in the recrystallized base of granular calcite.

Limestone, crinoidal: encrinite.

Petershill Limestone, lower part. Quarry 1000 yards north 5 degrees east of north-east end of Petershill Reservoir, near Bathgate. West Lothian. A dark grey, coarse-grained limestone composed of crinoid and shell debris, the latter partly incorporated in the recrystallized base of granular calcite. Limestone, crinoidal: encrinite. SL0053. Britrocks S34448(a).

Britrocks: S34448(a)

Geoscenic: P552486 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552487 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552488 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552489 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527794 Hand specimen

Limestones of the Hosie Group

Fife

SL 233 (p. 57) 'Hosie Limestone' (?). St. Monans shore E. of harbour. 1" Sheet 41; 6" Fife 22 S.E.

(S35236). A dull brownish-grey fine-grained dolomite with many small cavities. The section shows numerous dolomitized fossil relics in­cluding shell and crinoid fragments, small gastropod shells, round bodies and scarce fragments of ostracods and possibly of polyzoa, in a matrix of fine debris which has been converted to dolomite of grain-size about 0.01 mm. Ferriferous dolomite of grain up to 0.2 mm occurs in irregular small patches. Pyrite impregnates some of the crinoids, gastropods and other shell fragments.

Ferriferous dolomite, micrograined, clastizoic, taxichnic

Britrocks: S35236

Geoscenic: P552977 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552976 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P528020 Thin section

SL 281 (p. 57) Mid-Kinniny Limestone (prob.) Old Limestone mine, Luscar, Garnock. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife 33 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 103).

(S35804). Dark grey crystalline limestone. In section seen to be a recrystallized limestone of grain-size 0.1–0.5 mm. The original structure is almost entirely destroyed, but in places trabecular structure is preserved by the presence of powdery impurities. The argillaceous and carbonaceous impurities of the limestone are not well segregated in spite of extensive recrystallization, and largely remain inside the new grains. A small aggregate of granular apatite was noted, perhaps from its long slender shape replacing a fish spine. A little pyrite is present. Limestone, varigrained, zoophasmic, clastizoic, in part granoblastic.

Britrocks: S35804

Geoscenic: P553085 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553084 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Midlothian

SL 43 (p. 57) Bilston Burn (No. 3) Limestone, main quarried band. Quarry, Esperston Limeworks, 660 yd N.E. of Esperston. 1" Sheet 32; 6" Midlothian 20 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 146).

(S34532). Dark grey, fine-grained limestone containing fragments of small shells and polyzoa (outlined by pyrite) and foraminifera. The matrix is of granular calcite, 0.01 to 0.03 mm grain, and the more complete shells are filled with coarser calcite.

Limestone, micrograined, microfossiliferous, clastizoichnic.

Britrocks: S34532

Geoscenic: P552650 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552649 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527802 Hand specimen

SL 44 (p. 58) Bilston Burn (No. 3) Limestone, 3 ft dolomitic band at top. Locality and references as for SL 43.

(S34533). Dark grey, fine-grained, granular dolomite, of 0.05 mm grain-size, containing remains of small shells and crinoids. Treatment with Lemberg's solution and by the silver nitrate-potassium chromate reaction show no calcite. There is much opaque carbonaceous matter, and perhaps pyrite also, apparently concentrated at the location of former microfossils. The dolomite is ankeritic with ɷ = 1.690.

Ferriferous dolomite, fine-grained, zoophasmic, uneven mosaic.

Britrocks: S34533(a)

Geoscenic: P552651 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552652 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552653 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552654 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 45 (p. 58) Bilston Burn (No. 3) Limestone (?), deep seated, weathered limestone. Esperston Limeworks, as SL 43.

(S34534). Pale buff, very fine-grained limestone with brown bituminous films. Composed of finely granular calcite (0.01 mm grain) enclosing numerous shell fragments which are often flat or flattened along the bedding. Clay is sometimes recognizable in small aggregates as kaolin. Quartz is rarely distinguishable as small grains, 0.01 mm, but many feebly birefringent aggregates may be more finely divided quartz. Shreds of bituminous and limonitic matter are common and limonite replaces scattered rhombs of siderite.

Limestone, argillaceous, micrograined, fossiliferous, clastizoic, bedded.

Britrocks: S34534

Geoscenic: P552656 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552655 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527802 Hand specimen

Peebles

SL 22 (p. 58) Bilston Burn (No. 3) Limestone. In stream, 800 yd E. of Deepsykehead. 1" Sheet 24; 6" Peebles. 5 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 151).

(S34543). A dull dark grey, brown-mottled dolomite. Composed of granular and semi-recrystallized dolomite, of grain 0.01–0.1 mm, in which thin-walled shell fragments are present. Angular quartz grains are abundant; muscovite, biotite, iron ore, brown phosphatic fossil fragments, shreds of carbonaceous matter and grains of pyrite are accessory. A few large crinoid fragments are still calcite and enclose small rhombs of dolomite.

Dolomite, calcareous, arenaceous, fine-grained, clastizoic.

Britrocks: S34543

Geoscenic: P552674 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552673 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527790 Hand specimen

Lower Limestone Group, unclassified

Dumfries

SL 264 (p. 58) Limestone. Quarry, Blackwoodridge Limeworks, 50 yd S. of Blackwoodridge Farm, 1 mile S. of Waterbeck. 1" Sheet 10; 6" Dumfries. 52 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 90).

(S35468). A reddish, compact limestone, effervescing moderately freely with cold dilute HCI, with duller red bands which effervesce freely. In thin section the more crystalline part is seen to be composed of anhedral grains of calcite about 0.05–0.1 mm across, among which are preserved relics of fossil structures. The duller red portion is composed of fossil debris, including foraminifera, shell and crinoid fragments, ostracod shells, productid spines, scarce algal nodules and coral. The matrix is recrystallized to fine-grained granular calcite, and red iron ore is abundantly disseminated through it. There may be a little dolomite in the matrix, as some grains give rhomboid sections.

Limestone, micrograined, microfossiliferous, clastizoic, in part zoophasmic.

Geoscenic: P531428 Thin section

SL 265 (p. 58) Limestone. Quarry 400 yd S. of Blackwoodridge Farm. References as for SL 264.

(S35469). A compact, whitish-buff limestone, composed of the debris of shells and crinoids, many species of foraminifera, ostracod and polyzoan fragments, occasional productid spines and rhombs of oxidized ankerite cemented by scanty finely divided calcite which in places is entirely of algal origin.

Limestone, fine-grained, microfossiliferous, clastizoic.

East Lothian

Britrocks: S35469

Geoscenic: P553054 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553055 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 60 (p. 58) Limestone. Quarry, Jerusalem Limeworks, 2 miles S. of Gladsmuir. 1" Sheet 33; 6" East Lothian 9 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 94).

(S34549). A dull brownish-grey argillaceous limestone composed of finely divided calcite debris and small organic fragments with probably some argillaceous admixture; occasional tiny pockets of kaolin and grains of quartz are seen. Specks of carbonaceous matter and grains of pyrite are sparsely distributed.

Limestone, argillaceous, pelitomorphic, microclastizoic.

Limestone. Quarry, Jerusalem Limeworks, 2 miles south of Gladsmuir East Lothian. A dull brownish-grey argillaceous limestone composed of finely divided calcite debris and small organic fragments with probably some argillaceous admixture; occasional tiny pockets of kaolin and grains of quartz are seen. Specks of carbonaceous matter and grains of pyrite are sparsely distributed. Limestone, argillaceous, pelitomorphic, microclastizoic. SL0060. Britrocks S34549.

Britrocks: S34549

Geoscenic: P552685 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552686 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 197 (p. 59) Limestone (probably Long Craig Lower). Lennoxlove, 1 mile S. of Haddington. 1" Sheet 33; 6" East Lothian 10 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 96).

(S35062). Grey compact limestone, composed of small grains (0.02–0.05 mm grain-size) of carbonate, which are always coated, more or less thickly, with turbid argillaceous matter and cemented by more finely divided calcite. Specks up to 0.03 mm in size of opaque material are numerous, and are mainly of black carbonaceous matter but include pyrite.

Limestone, argillaceous, fine-grained, granular.

Britrocks: S35062

Geoscenic: P552933 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552932 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Upper Limestone Group

Index Limestone
Ayr

SL 95 (p. 59) Index Limestone. 300 yd S. of High Polquhirter, 1 mile S.E. of New Cumnock. 1" Sheet 15; 6" Ayr. 42 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, pp. 69–70)

(S34561). Dull, brownish-grey, fine-grained dolomite. Composed of granular dolomite, about 0.1 mm grain which is turbid with amorphous dust and speckled with opaque brown material, perhaps limonite. The dolomite is ankeritic with ɷ = 1.690. The section shows a number of fragmentary fossils which have been recrystallized and filled in with coarse carbonate. Staining by the silver nitrate—potassium chromate method shows that this carbonate as well as coarse material in cracks is dolomite, calcite being present only as specks distributed abundantly in and throughout the dolomite of the matrix. A small quantity of bitumen is present, mainly along stylolitic films, and also a little pyrite.

Dolomite, varigrained, zoophasmic.

Britrocks: S34561

Geoscenic: P552714 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552715 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552716 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552717 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552718 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552719 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527954 Thin section

SL 150 (p. 59) Index Limestone. Keirs Glen, just below Keirs Farm. 1" Sheet 14; 6" Ayr. 46 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 67).

(S34652). Dull grey argillaceous limestone. Fragments of medium and small shells, a few foraminiferal and crinoidal remains are enclosed in a turbid base composed of shapeless calcite, probably with a clay admixture and numerous small rhombs of ferriferous carbonate. Locally, small aggregates of scaly kaolinite can be distinguished. The small rhombs show by their acute form and their refractive index that the mineral approaches siderite in composition (probably about 80% FeCO3). Pyrite, carbonaceous and bituminous matter, and some limonite and quartz are present.

Limestone, argillaceous, sideritic, micrograined, microclastizoic.

Britrocks: S34652

Geoscenic: P552818 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552819 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552820 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552821 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527980 Thin section

SL 196 (p. 59) Index (Highfield) Limestone. Mine-mouth, 100 yd S.E. of Goldcraig, 1½ miles N.E. of Kilwinning. 1" Sheet 22; 6" Ayr. 12 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 76).

(S34973). A grey compact limestone, composed of finely granular calcite (0.01-0.02 mm grain-size) with some argillaceous and, in places, sparse bituminous cement. In this ground are scattered foraminifera, small polyzoan fragments, echinoid and shell chips, spines and scarce complete small ostracods. Many of the fragments are partially replaced by finely divided pyrite.

Limestone, micrograined, microfossiliferous, clasti zoichnic.

Britrocks: S34973

Geoscenic: P552930 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552931 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Fife

SL 118 (p. 59) Index Limestone. Lochhead Quarry, 1½ miles north of Dunfermline. 1" Sheet 40; 6" Fife 33 S.E. (See 'Economic Geology of the Fife Coalfields, Area I', Mem. Geol. Surv., 1931, p. 133).

(S34591). Brownish compact dolomite with cavities lined by dolomite rhombs. Composed of finely granular ankeritic dolomite, of grain 0.01­0.03 mm, and having the ordinary refractive index ranging about 1.70. Fragments of shells and crinoids are replaced by coarser dolomite. Angular quartz grains 0.1 mm in length are abundant, and shreds of muscovite, grains of pyrite and carbonaceous particles accessory. The section contains a thin convexo-concave lens of deep brown isotropic fossil phosphate.

Ferriferous dolomite, arenaceous, pelitomorphic, zoophasmic.

Britrocks: S34591

Geoscenic: P552774 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552775 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Lyoncross Group

Ayr

SL 151 (p. 59) Keirs Limestone. Quarry 830 yd S.E. of Keirs Farm. 1" Sheet 14; 6" Ayr. 46 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 68).

(S34653). Dull grey compact limestone, composed of a matrix of fine-grained calcite, of minute grain and probably admixed with clay, in which fragments of shells are abundant and quartz grains are scattered. Small shelly and crinoidal fragments and rare foraminifera are the main larger constituents. Brown opaque streaks, carbonaceous or bituminous, are abundant, and pyrite is present in places.

Limestone, luteous, micrograined, microclastizoic, bedded.

Britrocks: S34653

Geoscenic: P552823 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552822 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Orchard Group

Ayr

SL 112 (p. 60) Lower Linn Limestone. Caaf Water, Linn Bridge, Dairy. 1" Sheet 22; 6" Ayr. 11 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 42).

(S34567). Bluish-grey, compact limestone or limy mudstone. Consists of a base of clear and brown minutely granular calcite in which small, uniformly sized, chips of calcite and, occasionally, small crinoid columnals and shell fragments are set along with small grains of quartz, flakes of muscovite and bleached mica, specks of carbonaceous and bituminous matter and grains of pyrite.

Calcareous mudstone.

Lower Linn Limestone. Caaf Water, Linn Bridge, Dalry. Ayr. Bluish-grey, compact limestone or limy mudstone. Consists of a base of clear and brown minutely granular calcite in which small, uniformly sized, chips of calcite and, occasionally, small crinoid columnals and shell fragments are set along with small grains of quartz, flakes of muscovite and bleached mica, specks of carbonaceous and bituminous matter and grains of pyrite. Calcareous mudstone. SL0112. Britrocks S34567.

Britrocks: S34567

Geoscenic: P552728 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552729 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Calmy Group

Ayr

SL 92 (p. 60) Calmy Limestone. Quarry at Benston Limeworks, 3 miles N.W. of New Cumnock. 1" Sheet 14; 6" Ayr. 41 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 70).

(S34558). Dull greenish-grey, very compact limestone. Composed of an intimate mixture of minutely granular calcite and recrystallized granular calcite (0.02–0.03 mm grain-size). Interstitial material, turbid brown in transmitted light but dirty white in reflected light, is abundant and is perhaps clay; the chemical analysis indicates that much of it must be silica of clay grade. Small crinoid columnals and shell fragments are sporadic and there are a few small grains of quartz. The rock is tra­versed by thin calcite-filled cracks.

Limestone, luteous, micrograined, microclastizoichnic.

Britrocks: S34558

Geoscenic: P552707 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552708 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552709 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 111 (p. 60) Upper Linn Limestone. Lynn Quarry, Linn Spout, Dalry. 1" Sheet 22; 6" Ayr. 11 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 75–6).

(S34566). Grey compact limestone, containing Spirifer. Composed of uniformly grained calcite (0.05 mm grain-size) in which a few fragments of thick shells are embedded. The base has been completely recrystallized and the presence of former microfossils is indicated by some diffuse turbid outlines. There is local opaque white interstitial clay material. Limestone, fine-grained, zoophasmic, granular.

Britrocks: S34566(a)

Geoscenic: P552724 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552725 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552726 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552727 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 113 (p. 60) Blue Tour (Calmy) Limestone. At railway bridge, Garpel Water, Muirkirk. 1" Sheet 15; 6" Ayr. 30 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 71).

(S34568). Blue-grey, very compact limestone, very fine-grained, with calcite granules about 0.01–0.03 mm in size. The smaller granules have a general turbid appearance, while the larger grains are separated by interstitial brownish cement, probably calcareo-argillaceous in com­position. Scarce shell and crinoid fragments are recognizable and some diffuse outlines of small fossils can be seen.

Limestone, micrograined, microclastizoichnic.

Britrocks: S34568

Geoscenic: P552731 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552730 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Fife

SL 117 (p. 60) Jenny Pate Limestone. Sandydub old quarry, 1 mile W. of Saline. 1" Sheet 39; 6" Fife 33 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 43).

(S34590). Dull grey, compact dolomite. Small relics of shells, crinoids and foraminifera are scattered rather sparsely in a matrix of turbid granular dolomite of grain 0.01 mm. The foraminifera are preserved as casts the chambers being filled by pyrites while the walls are recrystal­lized as dolomite indistinguishable from the matrix. The shell and crinoid fragments, though partly replaced by pyrite, retain the original organic fabric and are probably still calcite. Angular grains of quartz, 0.05 mm across, and carbonaceous particles are scarce. The dolomite is ferriferous and its ordinary refractive index while generally between 1.685 and 1.690, may reach 1.695.

Ferriferous dolomite, luteous, micrograined, zoophasmic.

Britrocks: S34590

Geoscenic: P552772 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552773 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527971 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527819 Hand specimen

SL 119 (p. 60) Jenny Pate Limestone. Foreshore immediately W. of Culross. 1" Sheet 39; 6" Fife 37 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 43).

(S34592). Grey, very fine-grained dolomite with conchoidal fracture. Composed of granular dolomite, of 0.01 mm grain, of a ferriferous variety with the ordinary refractive index variable and reaching fully 1.695, corresponding to about 20 per cent of ferrodolomite. The rock contains a few scattered fossil fragments, some of which are recrystallized while others retain the original organic fabric. Argillaceous matter renders the dolomite turbid; tiny pebbles and grains of quartz and carbonaceous particles are present.

Ferriferous dolomite, luteous, micrograined, zoophasmic.

Jenny Pate Limestone. Foreshore immediately west of Culross. Fife Region. Grey, very fine-grained dolomite with conchoidal fracture. Composed of granular dolomite, of 0.01 mm grain, of a ferriferous variety with the ordinary refractive index variable and reaching fully 1.695, corresponding to about 20 per cent of ferrodolomite. The rock contains a few scattered fossil fragments, some of which are recrystallized while others retain the original organic fabric. Argillaceous matter renders the dolomite turbid; tiny pebbles and grains of quartz and carbonaceous particles are present. Ferriferous dolomite, luteous, micrograined, zoophasmic. SL0119. Britrocks S34592.

Britrocks: S34592

Geoscenic: P552776 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552777 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527823 Hand specimen

Renfrew

SL 140 (p. 61) Arden (Calmy Limestone, top post). The more southerly of Darnley Quarries, about 1 mile S.E. of Nitshill station. 1" Sheet 30; 6" Renfrew. 12 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, pp. 161–2).

(S34626). Medium-grey, dull compact limestone, composed of a brown­ish semi-opaque base of carbonate (calcite) and clay material, sometimes patchily concentrated. In this lie scattered small calcareous fragments of fossils, scarce phosphatic fossil fragments and very numerous small rhomboid crystals, 0.02 mm across, of dolomite. A little pyrite and carbonaceous matter are present. The abundant residue after treatment with cold dilute HCl is mainly a mixture of amorphous clay with some kaolinite and muscovite.

Limestone, dolomite, luteous, micrograined, subclastizoic.

Britrocks: S34626(a)

Geoscenic: P552794 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552795 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552796 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552797 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

SL 141 (p. 61) Arden (Calmy) Limestone, middle and bottom posts. Locality and references as for SL 140.

(S34627). Grey compact, uniformly fine-grained limestone with sharp angular fracture. Small shelly and crinoidal fragments are scattered rather sparsely through a very fine-grained turbid base composed of finely divided carbonate and clay and numerous small grains and rhombs of carbonate up to 02 mm across. These are possibly dolomite but because of the low proportion of MgO shown by chemical analysis it is possible that they are cleavage fragments of calcite. Calcisphaera and foraminifera are also present. Grains of pyrite and quartz are scarce. Limestone, luteous, micro-grained, subclastizoic.

Britrocks: S34627

Geoscenic: P552798 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552799 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Castlecary Limestone

Fife

SL 36 (p. 61) Castlecary Limestone. Thomsford Bridge, Hatton, 1½ miles N. of Lundin  Links station. 1" Sheet 41; 6" Fife 21 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 43)

(S34457). A buff-grey dolomite with many cavities. Crinoid columnals and shell fragments are numerous in a matrix of dolomite of 0.2 mm grain. The columnals are in general preserved as single crystals of dolomite but marginally recrystallized with the matrix. The dolomite is slightly ferriferous with ɷ approx. 1.688. Bituminous matter is abundant along thin seams; pyrite also is present as strings along some bedding divisions and quartz is sporadic.

Dolomite, bituminous, varigrained, zoichnic, taxichnic.

Britrocks: S34457(a)

Geoscenic: P552516 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552517 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552518 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552519 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527804 Hand specimen

SL 115 (p. 61) Castlecary Limestone, upper leaf. Black Devon at North Shaw Wood, 1½ miles W. of Saline. 1" Sheet 39; 6" Fife 33 N.W.

(S34588). Pale bluish-grey, dull, compact dolomite. It is composed of dolomitized fragments of large shells in a matrix of dolomite-quartz sandstone. The shells show so sharp a difference in coarseness of dolomite recrystallization, 0.2 mm grain size, from that of the matrix 0.04 mm, that they may represent a period of dolomitization prior to their accumulation as detrital grains in the present sediment. Some of the fragments look like dolomite-rock rather than shells. The matrix is composed of granular dolomite without rhomboid shape, small and angular grains of quartz, many streaks of dark material, probably de composed rock or feldspar, abundant pyrite and some pyritized car­bonaceous material. The dolomite is ankeritic with ɷ varying about 1.700 and reaching 1.712, the higher values being shown by the coarser clear carbonate.

Ferriferous dolomite, arenaceous, zoichnic, taxichnic.

Britrocks: S34588

Geoscenic: P552768 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552769 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527970 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527821 Hand specimen

SL 116 (p. 61) Castlecary Limestone, lower leaf. Locality and references as for SL 115.

(S34589). Darkish grey sandy dolomite. In section the rock is seen to be a sandstone composed of subangular grains of quartz cemented by amorphous material containing small aggregates of pyrite granules. This gives place to dolomite in patches, the dolomite being optically continuous over small areas. Scarce alkali-feldspar grains are present; zircon and tourmaline are accessory. Pyrite is abundant.

Dolomitic sandstone, subpoikilocrystallic.

Castlecary Limestone, upper leaf. Black Devon at North Shaw Wood, 1.5 miles west of Saline. Fife Region. Darkish grey sandy dolomite. In section the rock is seen to be a sandstone composed of subangular grains of quartz cemented by amorphous material containing small aggregates of pyrite granules. This gives place to dolomite in patches, the dolomite being optically continuous over small areas. Scarce alkali-feldspar grains are present; zircon and tourmaline are accessory. Pyrite is abundant. Dolomitic sandstone, subpoikilocrystallic. SL0116. Britrocks S34589.

Britrocks: S34589

Geoscenic: P552771 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552770 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 120 (p. 61) Castlecary Limestone. Caviehall old mine, 1 mile W. of Culross. 1" Sheet 39; 6" Fife 37 S.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 43).

(S34593). Brownish-grey, coarsely crystalline dolomite. Composed of granular and rhomboid dolomite of varying grain-size, 0.2–0.6 mm with ghost relics of organic fragments, some of which are large and equidimensional and probably represent crinoid plates; others are composed of opaque dust so arranged as to indicate the fibrous texture of shells. A typical stylolitic film traverses the rock and grains of dolomite grow across it. The dolomite is ferriferous with ɷ = 1.690.

Ferriferous dolomite, varigrained, zoophasmic, uneven mosaic.

Kinross–Perth

Britrocks: S34593

Geoscenic: P552779 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552778 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P527972 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527820 Hand specimen

SL 7 (p. 62) Vicars Bridge (Castlecary) Limestone. River Devon, 1¾ miles E. of Dollar. 1" Sheet 39; 6" Fife & Kinross. 24 S.W., Perth. & Clackmannan. 134 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 43).

(S34441). An even grained dolomite, pale brown in tint but with dark laminae. Composed of interlocking rhomboid grains of dolomite, 0.1­0.3 mm across, with some larger, irregular grains. The dolomite is turbid with minute mineral inclusions; shreds of limonite are common and very small grains of quartz are scarce. The dolomite is a ferriferous variety having the ordinary refractive index ɷ = 1.695.

Ferriferous dolomite, medium-grained, zoophasmic, mosaic.

Britrocks: S34441(a)

Geoscenic: P552427 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552428 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552429 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552430 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552431 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552432 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552433 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552434 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552435 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552436 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552437 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552438 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527789 Hand specimen

Coal Measures

Barren Red Measures

Ayr

SL 96 (p. 62) Binney's Spirorbis Limestone. Right bank of River Ayr, 330 yd S. of Ballochmyle House, near Catrine. 1" Sheet 14; 6" Ayr. 29 S.W. (See 'Geology of Central Ayrshire', Mem. Geol. Surv., 1949, p. 94).

(S34562). Pale, flesh-coloured, compact limestone. Fine-grained lime­stone, composed of a semi-opaque aggregate of calcite granules 0.005 mm grain-size, with small areas of coarsely crystalline calcite and thin impersistent calcite-filled fractures. Rarely the calcite-filled areas have the thin corrugated or the smooth walls of Spirorbis or ostracods respec­tively.

Limestone, pelitomorphic, subfossiliferous.

Britrocks: S34562

Geoscenic: P552720 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552721 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Jurassic

Rhaetic

Argyll

SL 227 (p. 62) Calcareous sandstone. Allt na Teangaidh, 500 yd N.E. of Balmeanach, Gribun, Mull. 1" Sheet 43; 6" Argyll. 94 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 52). (S35085). A dark, fine-grained, rough rock, containing many small aggregates of finely divided pyrite. Composed of angular grains of quartz and subordinate, but abundant albite, in a matrix of brownish calcite which tends to form large irregular grains enveloping several grains of quartz. Orthoclase is an accessory constituent, as are muscovite and scarce phosphatic fossil fragments and grains of garnet, zircon and rutile. Thin-walled shell fragments are common. Pyrite and carbon­aceous matter are abundant. The former is mostly in small grains and streaks, but locally forms large lumps enclosing many quartz grains. The carbonaceous matter is black in reflected light, brown in transmitted light and in some larger fragments looks like wood. Dolomite appears in minor amount as rhombs of 0.1 mm size, in the calcite, and may be a very early if not a primary constituent.

Limestone, arenaceous, fossiliferous, poikilocrystallic.

Britrocks: S35085

Geoscenic: P552968 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552969 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P528018 Thin section

Liassic

Argyll

SL 89 (p. 62) Lower Lias limestone, lower solid portion. Loch Aline Quarry at mouth of Allt na Samhnachain, E. side of Loch Aline. 1" Sheet 44; 6" Argyll.

70 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, pp. 57–8).

(S34484). A dull, compact, blue-grey limestone composed of unsorted echinodermal and shell fragments in a matrix of fine-grained calcite, 0.005 mm across, containing numerous angular quartz grains and shreds of carbonaceous matter, some pyrite, and scarce fossil phosphate and muscovite, glauconite and biotite.

Limestone, luteous, micrograined, clastizoic.

Britrocks: S34484

Geoscenic: P552562 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552563 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527826 Hand specimen

SL 90 (p. 62) Lower Lias limestone, upper fossiliferous portion. Locality and references as for SL 89.

(S34485). A pale grey, compact limestone composed of fine-grained calcite, 0.005 mm across, in which numerous angular quartz grains, up to 0.1 mm across, and small shells and shell fragments are set. Long thin pieces of phosphatic shell, carbonaceous shreds, and granules of pyrite, often oxidized, are common.

Limestone, luteous, pelitomorphic, clastizoic.

Lower Lias limestone, upper fossiliferous portion. Loch Aline Quarry at mouth of Allt na Samhnachain, east side of Loch Aline. Lower Lias limestone, Skye (Inverness). A pale grey, compact limestone composed of fine-grained calcite, 0.005 mm across, in which numerous angular quartz grains, up to 0.1 mm across, and small shells and shell fragments are set. Long thin pieces of phosphatic shell, carbonaceous shreds, and granules of pyrite, often oxidized, are common. Limestone, luteous, pelitomorphic, clastizoic. SL0090. Britrocks S34485.

Britrocks: S34485

Geoscenic: P552565 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552564 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Inverness. (Skye)

SL 242 (p. 62) Lower Lias limestone. W. outcrop of limestone in Ant Eas Mhor, Sconser, Skye. 1" Sheet 71; 6" Inverness. ( Skye) 35 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p..123–4)

(S35342). A dark grey limestone with a brecciated appearance in parts and veined by calcite. In thin section the rock is seen to be essentially a dark calcite-mudstone of very fine grain, about 0.003 mm, containing fragments of shells of very varying size down to embryo forms. The shells are considerably recrystallized, but the original fibrous structure is indicated by streaks of dust. Patches of coarsely recrystallized clear calcite represent in most cases fragments of large thick shells. Limestone, argillaceous, pelitomorphic, fossiliferous, zoichnic.

Britrocks: S35342

Geoscenic: P553022 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553023 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P531422 Thin section

Geoscenic: P531421 Thin section

Geoscenic: P528032 Thin section

Geoscenic: P528033 Thin section

SL 250 (p. 63) Lower Lias limestone. Just north of crossing of the Broadford-Heast road over the Allt a'Choire, Skye. 1" Sheet 71; 6" Inverness. (Skye) 46 N.E. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 124).

(S35350). A dull grey, compact limestone containing veins of brownish-grey carbonate which are cut by veins of white carbonate. The thin section shows numerous fragments of shell, around 02 mm long and of occasionally recognizable echinodermal plates, in a turbid groundmass of finely divided calcite through which angular quartz grains are scattered. Stylolitic films of dark clay are present. Fragments of carbonaceous matter, scarce, grains of zircon and a little pyrite are present.

Limestone, luteous, micrograined, microclastizoic.

Lower Lias limestone. Just north of crossing of the Broadford-Heast road over the Allt a'choire, Skye. Skye (Inverness). A dull grey, compact limestone containing veins of brownish-grey carbonate which are cut by veins of white carbonate. The thin section shows numerous fragments of shell, around 0.2 mm long and of occasionally recognizable echinodermal plates, in a turbid groundmass of finely divided calcite through which angular quartz grains are scattered. Stylolitic films of dark clay are present. Fragments of carbonaceous matter, scarce grains of zircon and a little pyrite are present. Limestone, luteous, micrograined, microclastizoic. SL0250. Britrocks S35350.

Britrocks: S35350

Geoscenic: P553036 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553037 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Ross and Cromarty

SL 253 (p. 63) Lower Lias limestone. Old quarry, 1100 yd S.E. of Applecross House 1" Sheet 81; 6" Ross & Cromarty 102 S.W. (Lst. Scot.,1949, p. 166)

(S35353). A grey, compact oolitic limestone with a buf crust. In thin section the ooliths are found to be 0.5–1.5 mm in diameter and frequently have as kernels irregular pieces of shell or echinodermal plate and spine and, less commonly, earlier ooliths with limonitized or pyritized borders. They are embedded in a very fine-grained matrix of calcite containing a few thin-walled microshells and scarce tiny grains of quartz. Subordinate detrital constituents include rolled shell fragments and rolled pebbles of oolite.

Limestone, micrograined, oolitic.

Britrocks: S35353

Geoscenic: P553043 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553042 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P531425 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527867 Hand specimen

Great Estuarine

Inverness. (Skye)

SL 243 (p. 63) Great Estuarine limestone, marmorized near contact with granophyre. Allt Eoghainn, 200 yd S. of old main road. Strollamus, Skye. 1" Sheet

71; 6" Inverness. (Skye) 40 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 124).

(S35343). A patchily grey and white altered limestone, the grey part effervescing freely with cold dilute HCl, while the white part is insoluble and shows the fibrous character of wollastonite. In thin section the rock is seen to be composed of sutured grains of calcite and large aggregates of fibrous and prismatic wollastonite. Idiomorphic, birefringent grossular occurs in small crystals set both in the calcite and in the wollastonite. Colourless epidote forming small aggregates is rare. Clots of quartz act as centres for wollastonite growths and are traversed by many needles of wollastonite. Occasionally small prisms of diopside occur on the periphery of these clots.

Limestone with calcsilicates, varigrained, granoblastic.

Britrocks: S35343

Geoscenic: P553024 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 251 (p. 63) Paludina limestone. Coast section, 800 yd N. of school at Elgol, Skye. 1" Sheet 71; 6" Inverness. (Skye) 50 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 125)

(S35351). A dark grey, compact, structureless rock composed of a carbonate-clay groundmass in which the carbonate granules are about 0002 mm across. In this, small grains of oxidized pyrite, quartz, and carbonaceous shreds are scattered in accessory proportions.

Limestone, luteous, pelitomorphic, microclastizoichnic.

Britrocks: S35351

Geoscenic: P553038 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553039 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527866 Hand specimen

Sutherland

SL 161 (p. 63) Limestone in Brora Arenaceous Series, Ardassie Point, Brora. 1" Sheet 103; 6" Sutherland 98 S.W. (See 'The Geology of the Country around Golspie, Sutherlandshire', Mem. Geol. Surv., 1925, pp. 96–9).

(S34848). A dull, dark grey compact limestone. Composed of a base of intermingled clear, finely granular calcite and pelitomorphic calcite in which are set angular grains of quartz, irregular granular groups of pyrite, splinters of coaly matter, accessory muscovite, biotite and siliceous pebbles, and a few 'galls' of calcareous grit. Echinodermal and shell fragments are present and small spherical bodies (see note below) are very numerous.

Limestone, arenaceous, fine-grained, clastizoic.

Note. The spherical bodies range in diameter from 0.05 to 0.12 mm. Many present smooth, continuous surfaces to the matrix and some appear to possess a thin peripheral shell. Many however present no definite boundary to the matrix and the carbonate sectors of which they are composed project to different amounts into the matrix. The radial or sectional arrangement of the carbonate within them is character­istic (Plate III, Fig. 5), but examples built of a single carbonate crystal can be found, and spheres of the same range of size but composed entirely of chalcedonic silica are also present. The nature of these bodies is uncertain. They resemble the globular objects observed by Dunham and Stubblefield in the Cockhill Limestone (Quart.Journ. Geol. Soc., vol. C, 1944, p. 237), and the spherical bodies in calcarenite by N. D. Newell, et al (The Permian Reef Complex of the Guadalupe Mountain Region, 1953, p. 46 and p. 117) who compare them with 'sporangites' of Devonian black shales.

Geoscenic: P552842 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552843 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552844 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552845 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552846 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552847 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P552848 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552849 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527988 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527835 Hand specimen

Geoscenic: P527834 Hand specimen

Kimmeridgian

Sutherland

SL 162 (p. 63) Limestone in 'Boulder Beds' S.W. of the 'Fallen Stack', Portgower. 1" Sheet 103; 6" Sutherland 90 S.W. (see 'The Geology of the Country around Golspie, Sutherlandshire', Mem. Geol. Surv., 1925, p. 108).

(S34849). A pale grey limestone containing numerous shells. In thin section large and small echinodermal and shell fragments and poorly assorted sand grains are cemented by calcite. Over most of the section quartz and cementing calcite are in approximately equal proportion. The calcite is partly fine-grained and turbid but more generally coarsely recrystallized and often poikilitic. The sand grains are angular and rarely reach 1 mm in size. They are mostly of quartz which is often strained but include microcline and crushed quartz-rock, scarce chert and collophane.

Limestone, arenaceous, fossiliferous, poikilocrystallic.

Britrocks: S34849

Geoscenic: P552850 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552851 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P527989 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527833 Hand specimen

Cretaceous

Inverness. (Skye)

SL 244 (p. 64) Limestone. Allt Eoghainn, Strollamus, S. of old main road, at N.E. end of the outcrop. 1" Sheet; 6" Inverness. (Skye) 40 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 124).

(S35344). A dark grey, very fine-grained, compact limestone, composed of a groundmass of finely divided turbid calcite, of grain about 0.05 mm, in which are numerous small grains of clear calcite, usually shapeless and very rarely showing shelly and trabecular structures, and small circular grains representing microfossil parts. Pieces of thick shell are scarce. Stylolitic films are common.

Limestone, pelitomorphic, microclastizoic.

Britrocks: S35344

Geoscenic: P552988 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552989 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Recent

Shell Sand

Caithness

SL 164 (p. 64) Shell sand. Just above highwater mark, ¼ mile E. of John o' Groats Hotel. 1" Sheet 116; 6" Caithness 3 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 84).

(S35990). Composed of shell fragments, from 1 to 5 mm across, with a small amount of rock grains. The slide is of the residue after dissolving out the carbonate. The material remaining is mainly argillaceous, feldspathic and micaceous sandstone and gritty mudstone, with subor­dinate quartz and a little quartzite and microcline, and scarce igneous and metamorphic rocks.

Britrocks: S35990

Geoscenic: P553121 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553120 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

SL 165 (p. 64) Shell gravel. Just above highwater mark, Ness of Duncansby. 1" Sheet 116; 6" Caithness 3 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 84).

The specimen is composed of shell fragments ranging in size from 1½ in. downwards.

SL 166 (p. 64) Shell sand. Ness of Duncansby, 200 yd inland and 2 ft below surface. References as for SL 165.

The specimen is composed of well sorted, worn shell fragments, about 3 mm across, with a low proportion of rock pebbles of rather smaller size.

Inverness (Skye)

SL 6 (p. 64) Nullipore sand. Claigan, Dunvegan, Skye. 1" Sheet 80; 6" Inverness. (Skye) 15 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 125).

(S35987). Composed of rolled, minutely cellular nullipore growths and a few lamellibranch fragments.

Kirkcudbright

SL 209 (p. 64) Shell sand. Comminuted shells in raised beach; 1 mile S. of Creetown. 1" Sheet 4; 6" Kirkcudbright. O.S. 42 S.E., N.S., 47 N.W. & S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 130).

Lake marl

Caithness

SL 168 (p. 65) Lake Marl, Westfield Loch, 4 miles S.W. of Thurso. 1" Sheet 115; 6" Caithness. 11 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, pp. 84, 85).

(S35985). The residue from solution in dilute acetic acid is a dark grey powder showing much brown and opaque vegetable matter, together with mineral dust which is mostly alkali-feldspar and quartz with chlorite, bleached biotite, carbonaceous clay, scarce opaline diatoms and spicules. In the mounted sections (S35985) A & B, scarce scales of fresh biotite are seen and rarely a flake of muscovite. Brown isotropic frag­ments of arthropods are common, and scarce sponge spicules are present. Heavy mineral particles include grains and rhombs of dolomite and possibly kyanite. The mount (S35985) of the dried marl consists mostly of calcite as equidimensional grains or stout prisms, mostly less than 0.01 mm long.

Calc tufa

Ross and Cromarty

SL 254 (p. 65) Calcareous tufa. Roadside 680 yd S. of Tornapress Bridge, Kishorn. 1" Sheet 81; 6" Ross & Cromarty 110 N.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 167)

(S35354). A flesh-coloured, porous mass of tufa, composed of a turbid mass of very fine-grained calcium carbonate showing irregularly con­centric growths from many centres. The open aggregate formed by these growths is partly filled by a brownish, slightly ferruginous marl containing small organic debris and scarce grains of quartz and feldspar. Tests on the material give the ordinary refractive index for calcite.

Britrocks: S35354

Geoscenic: P553044 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553045 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P553046 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P553047 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Geoscenic: P531426 Thin section

Geoscenic: P527858 Hand specimen

Vein deposit

Kincardine

SL 25 (p. 65) Impure dolomitic limestone, in fault. N.E. corner of Craigeven Bay, 660 yd E.N.E. of St. Mary's Chapel, about 1 mile N.E. of Stonehaven. 1" Sheet 67; 6" Kincardine. O.S. 12 S.E.; N.S. 16 S.W. (Lst. Scot., 1949, p. 128).

(S34546). The rock consists mainly of a base of finely divided siliceous and kaolinitic material amongst which are scattered small clots of dolomitic carbonate with which opaque white material is associated. Veins of ankerite—about 15% (FeCa)CO3—cut the rock.

Britrocks: S34546

Geoscenic: P552679 Mag: 40 Light: PPL

Geoscenic: P552680 Mag: 40 Light: XPL

Additional hand specimen images

Limestone from Durness, Sutherland. P527664
Limestone from Durness, Sutherland. P527665
Dolomite from Elphin, Assynt, Sutherland. P527687
Dolomite from Durness, Sutherland. P527688
Dolomite from near An Corr-eilean, Eriboll, Sutherland. P527689
Dolomite from Durness, Sutherland. P527690
Diatomite from Toombridge, Bann Valley, Northern Ireland. P527724
Dolomite from Eriboll, Sutherland. P527725
Dolomite from the Durness Limestone, Sarsgrum, Eriboll, Sutherland. P527726
Dolomite from near Keodale, Durness, Sutherland. P527727
Dolomite from Keodale, Durness, Sutherland. P527728
Mottled limestone from Durness, Sutherland. P527729
Limestone from Durness, Sutherland. P527730
Limestone from Durness, Sutherland. P527731
Limestone from Durness, Sutherland. P527732
Limestone from Eilean Dubh, Durness, Sutherland. P527733
Limestone from Croisaphuills, Durness, Sutherland. P527734
Limestone from the Torran area, Strath, Skye, Invernessshire. P527735
Limestone from the Torran area, Skye, Invernessshire. P527736
Limestone from the Torran area, Strath, Skye, Invernessshire. P527737
Limestone from the Torran area, Skye, Invernessshire. P527738
Brucite marble from Ledbeg, Assynt, Sutherland. P527739
Brucite marble from Ledbeg, Assynt, Sutherland. P527740
Brucite marble from Ledbeg, Assynt, Sutherland. P527741
Brucite marble from Ledbeg, Assynt, Sutherland. P527742
Marble from Ledbeg, Assynt, Sutherland. P527743
Marble from Ledbeg, Assynt, Sutherland. P527744
Marble from Ledbeg, Assynt, Sutherland. P527745
Marble from Ledbeg, Assynt, Sutherland. P527746
Brucite marble from Kilchrist, Locality 3, Skye, Invernessshire. P527747
Brucite marble from 800 yards north-north-west of Camas Malag, south of Torran, Skye, Invernessshire. P527748
Brucite marble from the Torran area, Skye, Invernessshire. P527749
Brucite marble from the Torran area, Skye, Invernessshire. P527750
Brucite marble from the Torran area, Skye, Invernessshire. P527751
Brucite marble from the Kilchrist area of Skye, Invernessshire. P527752
Brucite marble, Cill Chriosd Quarry, Torran, Skye, Invernessshire. P527753
Brucite marble, Cill Chriosd Quarry, Torran, Skye, Invernessshire. P527754
Dolomite and calcite vein from Newbigging, Nine Lums, one mile west of Burntisland, Fife. P527755
Limestone from Freuchie Quarry, Maspie, Falkland, Fifeshire. P527756
Limestone from White Craigs, Bishop Hill, Kinrossshire. P527757
Dolomite from Little Raith, Fifeshire. P527758
Limestone from White Craigs, Bishop Hill, Kinrossshire. P527759
Baked blaes from Clatteringwell Quarry, Bishop Hill, c. one mile north-east of Kinnesswood, Kinrossshire. P527760
Limestone from Rothes Lime Works, Balgeddie, half a mile north-north-west of Leslie Bridge, Fifeshire. P527761
Limestone from near Kirkintilloch, Stirlingshire. P527762
Limestone from north-east of Queenzieburn, Stirlingshire. P527763
Limestone from Corrie Burn, Arran, Buteshire. P527764
Limestone from Thorntonhall Mine (Thorntonhall Lime Works) three miles west of East Kilbride. P527766
Limestone from Newbigging Limestone Mine, Nine Lums, Burntisland, Fifeshire. P527767
Limestone from Cults Quarry and Mine, Cupar, Fifeshire. P527768
Limestone from Lannilane Quarry, Straiton, Ayrshire. P527769
Limestone from Loch Thom, Renfrewshire. P527770
Limestone from Ballachullish, Argyllshire. P527771
Limestone from Dalnatrat, Argyllshire. P527772
Weathered limestone from Balachullish, Argyllshire. P527773
Limestone from Loch Kishorn, Ross and Cromarty. P527774
Nullipore or coralline sand from Dunvegan, Skye, Invernessshire. P527775
Limestone from Elgol, Skye, Invernessshire. P527776
Nullipore sands from Craig, Plockton, Invernessshire. P527777
Limestone from Heast, Skye, Sutherland. P527778
Limestone from Kilmarie, Skye, Invernessshire. P527779
Cyrena Limestone from Elgol, Skye, Invernessshire. P527780
Limestone from Clippens Lime Works, Straiton, Midlothian. P527784
Limestone from the Blair Atholl Limestone Quarry, Perthshire. P527812
Limestone from Glenbuchat, Aberdeenshire. P527871
Limestone from the Lismore Limestone Quarry on Eilean nan Caorach, Lismore, Argyllshire. P527877
Loch Tay Limestone from Glendaruel House, Argyllshire. P527878
Ballachulish Limestone from a quarry at Tom an Aoil, Spean Bridge, Invernessshire. P527879
Limestone from Lismore, Argyllshire. P527880
Limestone from Swordle, Ardnamurchan, Argyllshire. P527881
Limestone fron Broadland Quarry, between Drumdelgie and Broadland, Aberdeenshire. P527882
Limestone from Portsoy Marble Quarry, Banffshire. P527883
Limestone from Largie, Aberdeenshire. P527884
Limestone from Goukstone Quarry near Keith, Banffshire. P527885
Limestone from Loch Clunie, Perthshire. P527886
Cornstone from Linksfield Quarry, Morayshire. P527887
Limestone from Randerston, near Fife Ness, Fifeshire. P527888
Cornstone from Huntley Hill, Brechin, Angus. P527889
Limestone from Petershill Reservoir, West Lothian. P528153