OR/13/015 Appendix 1 - Field descriptions of Falkirk building stones: Difference between revisions
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| '''Reference building:''' | | '''Reference building:''' | ||
| 1 Glebe Street/ | | 1 Glebe Street/16–18 Newmarket Street<br>PRIMARY_KE 963254 | ||
|- style="vertical-align:top;" | |- style="vertical-align:top;" | ||
| '''Colour of exposed surfaces:''' | | '''Colour of exposed surfaces:''' | ||
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| impure | | impure | ||
|} | |} | ||
[[Image:OR13015appendix1_SB1.jpg|frameless|center|800px| ]] | |||
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|- style="vertical-align:top;" | |- style="vertical-align:top;" | ||
| '''Reference building:''' | | '''Reference building:''' | ||
| Vicar Chambers, | | Vicar Chambers, 27–35 Vicar Street<br>PRIMARY_KE 963213 & 963214 | ||
|- style="vertical-align:top;" | |- style="vertical-align:top;" | ||
| '''Colour of exposed surfaces:''' | | '''Colour of exposed surfaces:''' | ||
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| some blocks are gritty | | some blocks are gritty | ||
|} | |} | ||
[[Image:OR13015appendix1_SB2.jpg|frameless|center|800px| ]] | |||
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| weakly micaceous | | weakly micaceous | ||
|} | |} | ||
[[Image:OR13015appendix1_SB3.jpg|frameless|center|400px| ]] | |||
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|- style="vertical-align:top;" | |- style="vertical-align:top;" | ||
| '''Reference building:''' | | '''Reference building:''' | ||
| | | 25–29 Newmarket Street <br>PRIMARY KE 963267 and 963266 | ||
|- style="vertical-align:top;" | |- style="vertical-align:top;" | ||
| '''Colour of exposed surfaces:''' | | '''Colour of exposed surfaces:''' | ||
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| impure | | impure | ||
|} | |} | ||
[[Image:OR13015appendix1_SB4.jpg|frameless|center|800px| ]] | |||
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|- style="vertical-align:top;" | |- style="vertical-align:top;" | ||
| '''Reference building:''' | | '''Reference building:''' | ||
| | | 123–127 High Street (WH Smith)<br>PRIMARY_KE 961149 | ||
|- style="vertical-align:top;" | |- style="vertical-align:top;" | ||
| '''Colour of exposed surfaces:''' | | '''Colour of exposed surfaces:''' | ||
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| impure | | impure | ||
|} | |} | ||
[[Image:OR13015appendix1_SB5.jpg|frameless|center|800px| ]] | |||
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| stone appears to have a high clay content; stugging conceals the primary sedimentary structure in many blocks; spalling extensively where face-bedded | | stone appears to have a high clay content; stugging conceals the primary sedimentary structure in many blocks; spalling extensively where face-bedded | ||
|} | |} | ||
[[Image:OR13015appendix1_SB6.jpg|frameless|center|400px| ]] | |||
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|- style="vertical-align:top;" | |- style="vertical-align:top;" | ||
| '''Reference building:''' | | '''Reference building:''' | ||
| dressings to tenement at | | dressings to tenement at 36–44 Melrose Place, Dundee Court<br>PRIMARY_KE 961203 & 961204 | ||
|- style="vertical-align:top;" | |- style="vertical-align:top;" | ||
| '''Colour of exposed surfaces:''' | | '''Colour of exposed surfaces:''' | ||
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| this stone found only as dressings | | this stone found only as dressings | ||
|} | |} | ||
The photograph at right is centred on the door of the tenement building in which SB7 forms the dressings (dull yellow blocks) | [[Image:OR13015appendix1_SB7.jpg|frameless|center|800px| The photograph at right is centred on the door of the tenement building in which SB7 forms the dressings (dull yellow blocks). ]] | ||
<br><br> | <br><br> | ||
{| | {| | ||
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| weakly to moderately micaceous | | weakly to moderately micaceous | ||
|} | |} | ||
The photograph at bottom shows part of Tattie Kirk, where SBM1 forms indents to the window dressings and replacement quoins. | [[Image:OR13015appendix1_SBM1.jpg|frameless|center|400px| The photograph at bottom shows part of Tattie Kirk, where SBM1 forms indents to the window dressings and replacement quoins. ]] | ||
<br><br> | <br><br> | ||
{| | {| | ||
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| impure | | impure | ||
|} | |} | ||
The photograph at right shows where SBM2 has been used to build a modern addition to the Newmarket Street elevation of Fa’ Kirk. | [[Image:OR13015appendix1_SBM2.jpg|frameless|center|800px| The photograph at right shows where SBM2 has been used to build a modern addition to the Newmarket Street elevation of Fa’ Kirk. ]] | ||
<br><br> | <br><br> | ||
{| | {| | ||
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| impure | | impure | ||
|} | |} | ||
[[Image:OR13015appendix1_SBM3.jpg|frameless|center|400px| ]] | |||
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| in 10 Newmarket Centre, (PRIMARY_KE 963303) this stone is fine-sand-grade | | in 10 Newmarket Centre, (PRIMARY_KE 963303) this stone is fine-sand-grade | ||
|} | |} | ||
The ground and first floor levels of The Steeple are clad in SBM4. | [[Image:OR13015appendix1_SBM4.jpg|frameless|center|800px| The ground and first floor levels of The Steeple are clad in SBM4. ]] | ||
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|- style="vertical-align:top;" | |- style="vertical-align:top;" | ||
| '''Reference building:''' | | '''Reference building:''' | ||
| indents to Lloyds TSB, | | indents to Lloyds TSB, 137–139 High Street<br>PRIMARY_KE 961164 | ||
|- style="vertical-align:top;" | |- style="vertical-align:top;" | ||
| '''Colour of exposed surfaces:''' | | '''Colour of exposed surfaces:''' | ||
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| impure | | impure | ||
|} | |} | ||
The photograph at right shows SBM5 indents to the right of the window. | [[Image:OR13015appendix1_SBM5.jpg|frameless|center|800px| The photograph at right shows SBM5 indents to the right of the window. ]] | ||
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|- style="vertical-align:top;" | |- style="vertical-align:top;" | ||
| '''Reference building:''' | | '''Reference building:''' | ||
| ground floor addition to | | ground floor addition to 138–140 High Street<br>PRIMARY_KE 961316 | ||
|- style="vertical-align:top;" | |- style="vertical-align:top;" | ||
| '''Colour of exposed surfaces:''' | | '''Colour of exposed surfaces:''' | ||
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| impure | | impure | ||
|} | |} | ||
The photograph at right shows the shop front addition to the Bank of Scotland building, which is made entirely of SBM6. | [[Image:OR13015appendix1_SBM6.jpg|frameless|center|800px| The photograph at right shows the shop front addition to the Bank of Scotland building, which is made entirely of SBM6. ]] | ||
<br><br> | <br><br> | ||
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| very rare, hairline veins of calcite | | very rare, hairline veins of calcite | ||
|} | |} | ||
[[Image:OR13015appendix1_SO1.jpg|frameless|center|800px| ]] | |||
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|- style="vertical-align:top;" | |- style="vertical-align:top;" | ||
| '''Reference building:''' | | '''Reference building:''' | ||
| | | 41–43 Vicar Street<br>PRIMARY_KE 963216 & 963217 | ||
|- style="vertical-align:top;" | |- style="vertical-align:top;" | ||
| '''Colour of exposed surfaces:''' | | '''Colour of exposed surfaces:''' | ||
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| siliceous | | siliceous | ||
|} | |} | ||
[[Image:OR13015appendix1_SO2.jpg|frameless|center|800px| ]] | |||
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{| | {| | ||
|- style="vertical-align:top;" | |- style="vertical-align:top;" | ||
| ! scope="col" style="width: 225px;" | ''Stone code:'' | | ! scope="col" style="width: 225px;" | '''Stone code:''' | ||
| ! scope="col" style="width: 500px;" | L | | ! scope="col" style="width: 500px;" | L | ||
|- style="vertical-align:top;" | |- style="vertical-align:top;" | ||
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|- style="vertical-align:top;" | |- style="vertical-align:top;" | ||
| '''Reference building:''' | | '''Reference building:''' | ||
| | | 165–169 High Street<br>PRIMARY_KE 961200 | ||
|- style="vertical-align:top;" | |- style="vertical-align:top;" | ||
| '''Colour of exposed surfaces:''' | | '''Colour of exposed surfaces:''' | ||
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| shelly limestone | | shelly limestone | ||
|} | |} | ||
[[Image:OR13015appendix1_L.jpg|frameless|center|800px| ]] | |||
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| muscovite-biotite granite | | muscovite-biotite granite | ||
|} | |} | ||
[[Image:OR13015appendix1_G1.jpg|frameless|center|500px| ]] | |||
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{| | {| | ||
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|- style="vertical-align:top;" | |- style="vertical-align:top;" | ||
| '''Reference building:''' | | '''Reference building:''' | ||
| base course of | | base course of 137–139 High Street<br>PRIMARY_KE 961164 | ||
|- style="vertical-align:top;" | |- style="vertical-align:top;" | ||
| '''Colour of exposed surfaces:''' | | '''Colour of exposed surfaces:''' | ||
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| biotite-rich granodiorite | | biotite-rich granodiorite | ||
|} | |} | ||
[[Image:OR13015appendix1_G2.jpg|frameless|center|500px| ]] | |||
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|- style="vertical-align:top;" | |- style="vertical-align:top;" | ||
| '''Reference building:''' | | '''Reference building:''' | ||
| base course | | base course 134–136 High Street<br>PRIMARY_KE 961315 & 961350 | ||
|- style="vertical-align:top;" | |- style="vertical-align:top;" | ||
| '''Colour of exposed surfaces:''' | | '''Colour of exposed surfaces:''' | ||
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| biotite granite | | biotite granite | ||
|} | |} | ||
[[Image:OR13015appendix1_G3.jpg|frameless|center|500px| ]] | |||
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|- style="vertical-align:top;" | |- style="vertical-align:top;" | ||
| '''Reference building:''' | | '''Reference building:''' | ||
| columns in main door arch, | | columns in main door arch, 12–14 Newmarket Street<br>PRIMARY_KE 963306 | ||
|- style="vertical-align:top;" | |- style="vertical-align:top;" | ||
| '''Colour of exposed surfaces:''' | | '''Colour of exposed surfaces:''' | ||
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| biotite granite | | biotite granite | ||
|} | |} | ||
[[Image:OR13015appendix1_G4.jpg|frameless|center|500px| ]] | |||
[[Category:OR/13/015 A survey of building stone and roofing slate in Falkirk town centre | 08]] | [[Category:OR/13/015 A survey of building stone and roofing slate in Falkirk town centre | 08]] |
Latest revision as of 11:16, 29 September 2021
Gillespie, M R, Everett, P A, Albornoz-Parra, L J, and Tracey, E A. 2013. A survey of building stone and roofing slate in Falkirk town centre. Nottingham, UK, British geological Survey. (OR/13/015). |
This appendix contains a summary description and associated photographs for each of the twenty building stones recorded in the Falkirk THI area (see section 3). A near-focus photograph (at the scale of a masonry block) is provided with the description for each stone, to illustrate its typical colour and character. For sandstones and limestone, a photograph of the reference building on which the description was based is also provided. For modern buff sandstones, which are commonly present as indents and additions to original masonry, the photograph of the reference building is centred on the indented blocks or additions.
Stone code: | SB1 |
Stone name: | Buff sandstone 1 |
Reference building: | 1 Glebe Street/16–18 Newmarket Street PRIMARY_KE 963254 |
Colour of exposed surfaces: | various shades of buff |
Grain-size: | medium-sand-grade to coarse-sand-grade; granule-grade locally Primary sedimentary structure: blocks are commonly bedded; parallel bedding, cross-bedding,
parallel lamination, laminated foresets and rare wispy lamination are all developed locally; buildings usually contain some uniform blocks, and in some buildings most blocks are uniform |
Distinctive features: | rare flakes of carbonaceous matter; gritty locally |
Composition: | impure |
Stone code: | SB2 |
Reference building: | Vicar Chambers, 27–35 Vicar Street PRIMARY_KE 963213 & 963214 |
Colour of exposed surfaces: | buff, with an orangeish to pinkish tinge locally |
Grain-size: | fine-sand-grade to medium-sand-grade |
Primary sedimentary structure: | most blocks are uniform; rare cross bedding; convoluted structure visible on surfaces of soiled/weathered blocks |
Distinctive features: | none, but this stone is rarely visible at ground level |
Composition: | impure |
Comments: | some blocks are gritty |
Stone code: | SB3 |
Stone name: | Buff sandstone 3 |
Reference building: | 1 Princes Street PRIMARY_KE 963222 |
Colour of exposed surfaces: | light buff to very light buff (almost white) |
Grain-size: | fine-sand-grade to medium-sand-grade |
Primary sedimentary structure: | uniform |
Distinctive features: | scattered flakes of carbonaceous matter; faint Liesegang bands; scattered brown mud flakes locally |
Composition: | relatively siliceous |
Comments: | weakly micaceous |
Stone code: | SB4 |
Stone name: | Buff sandstone 4 |
Reference building: | 25–29 Newmarket Street PRIMARY KE 963267 and 963266 |
Colour of exposed surfaces: | light grey to light greyish buff |
Grain-size: | medium-sand-grade and coarse-sand-grade |
Primary sedimentary structure: | most blocks are uniform; parallel bedding developed locally; rare cross-bedding; rare lamination |
Distinctive features: | micaceous; scattered flakes of carbonaceous matter are usually present, and curved to sinuous leaf fragments up to 5 cm long may be present; can be gritty locally; brown iron nodules up to 2 cm across are developed locally; Liesegang bands can be developed locally. |
Composition: | impure |
Stone code: | SB5 |
Stone name: | Buff sandstone 5 |
Reference building: | 123–127 High Street (WH Smith) PRIMARY_KE 961149 |
Colour of exposed surfaces: | light brownish buff |
Grain-size: | medium-sand-grade to coarse-sand-grade; even grain-size |
Primary sedimentary structure: | essentially uniform; rare, faint hints of bedding |
Distinctive features: | strongly micaceous; rare fragments of carbonaceous matter up to
3 cm long; rare iron nodules up to 1 cm across; speckled character given by scattered, dark brown detrital grains up to 3 mm diameter |
Composition: | impure |
Stone code: | SB6 |
Stone name: | Buff sandstone 6 |
Reference building: | 1 Mission Lane/9 Dundee Court (middle section of elevation facing Williamson Street) PRIMARY_KE 961110 |
Colour of exposed surfaces: | dull yellow |
Grain-size: | fine-sand-grade to medium-sand-grade; even grain-size |
Primary sedimentary structure: | mainly uniform; parallel bedding developed locally; cross bedding developed rarely |
Distinctive features: | micaceous |
Composition: | impure |
Comments: | stone appears to have a high clay content; stugging conceals the primary sedimentary structure in many blocks; spalling extensively where face-bedded |
Stone code: | SB7 |
Stone name: | Buff sandstone 7 |
Reference building: | dressings to tenement at 36–44 Melrose Place, Dundee Court PRIMARY_KE 961203 & 961204 |
Colour of exposed surfaces: | dull yellowish buff |
Grain-size: | coarse-sand-grade to very-coarse-sand-grade; locally gritty |
Primary sedimentary structure: | uniform, parallel bedded and cross-bedded |
Distinctive features: | locally micaceous; gritty |
Composition: | siliceous |
Comments: | this stone found only as dressings |
Stone code: | SBM1 |
Stone name: | Modern buff sandstone 1 |
Reference building: | indents to Tattie Kirk, off Cow Wynd PRIMARY_KE 961108 |
Colour of exposed surfaces: | buff |
Grain-size: | fine-sand-grade to medium-sand-grade; even grain-size |
Primary sedimentary structure: | most blocks are uniform; faint bedding visible locally |
Distinctive features: | rare flakes of carbonaceous matter up to 5 cm long |
Composition: | impure |
Comments: | weakly to moderately micaceous |
Stone code: | SBM2 |
Stone name: | Modern buff sandstone 2 |
Reference building: | Fa’ Kirk (Old Parish Church); also known as Falkirk Old and St Modans Church, Manse Place; elevation facing Newmarket Street PRIMARY_KE 46333727 |
Colour of exposed surfaces: | dull greyish buff |
Grain-size: | medium-sand-grade |
Primary sedimentary structure: | most blocks are uniform; faint bedding visible locally |
Distinctive features: | weakly gritty |
Composition: | impure |
Stone code: | SBM3 |
Stone name: | Modern buff sandstone 3 |
Reference building: | 3 Vicar Street PRIMARY_KE 963224 |
Colour of exposed surfaces: | buff |
Grain-size: | medium-sand-grade |
Primary sedimentary structure: | uniform |
Distinctive features: | flakes of carbonaceous matter, iron nodules and a gritty character are generally rare but common locally; Liesegang bands are developed locally; coloured spots up to 10 cm diameter are developed around small iron nodules |
Composition: | impure |
Stone code: | SBM4 |
Stone name: | Modern buff sandstone 4 |
Reference building: | ground and lower floors of The Steeple, High Street PRIMARY_KE 961318 |
Colour of exposed surfaces: | buff |
Grain-size: | medium-sand-grade; even grain-size |
Primary sedimentary structure: | uniform (weakly aligned flakes of carbonaceous matter reveal
the bedding orientation in some blocks) |
Distinctive features: | weakly micaceous; scarce flakes of carbonaceous matter are up to 2-3 cm long; nodules of hard brown iron up to 2 cm across are developed locally, with small iron-stained halos; rare fossil shell fragments are up to 8-9 cm long |
Composition: | impure |
Comment: | in 10 Newmarket Centre, (PRIMARY_KE 963303) this stone is fine-sand-grade |
Stone code: | SBM5 |
Stone name: | Modern buff sandstone 5 |
Reference building: | indents to Lloyds TSB, 137–139 High Street PRIMARY_KE 961164 |
Colour of exposed surfaces: | dark buff to buff |
Grain-size: | coarse-sand-grade; even grain-size |
Primary sedimentary structure: | essentially uniform; aligned flakes of carbonaceous matter and mica define the bedding orientation locally |
Distinctive features: | micaceous; scattered flakes up to 1 cm long and circles (leafs) up to 8 cm long of carbonaceous matter are common |
Composition: | impure |
Stone code: | SBM6 |
Stone name: | Modern buff sandstone 6 |
Reference building: | ground floor addition to 138–140 High Street PRIMARY_KE 961316 |
Colour of exposed surfaces: | buff |
Grain-size: | generally medium-sand-grade to coarse-sand-grade; locally granule-grade |
Primary sedimentary structure: | parallel bedding, cross-bedding, lamination and wispy lamination are all developed locally |
Distinctive features: | gritty character and Liesegang bands are developed locally |
Composition: | impure |
Stone code: | SO1 |
Stone name: | Orange sandstone 1 |
Reference building: | St Andrew's West Church, Upper Newmarket Street PRIMARY_KE 46333726 |
Colour of exposed surfaces: | orange to pink |
Grain-size: | medium-sand-grade |
Primary sedimentary structure: | regular, parallel lamination; rare blocks show cross-bedding |
Distinctive features: | speckled character given by scattered grains of white feldspar; rare granulation seams; grey siliceous laminae |
Composition: | siliceous |
Comments: | very rare, hairline veins of calcite |
Stone code: | SO2 |
Stone name: | Orange sandstone 2 |
Reference building: | 41–43 Vicar Street PRIMARY_KE 963216 & 963217 |
Colour of exposed surfaces: | orange |
Grain-size: | fine-sand-grade |
Primary sedimentary structure: | parallel bedding, cross-bedding and parallel lamination |
Distinctive features: | scattered shallow pits ~1 cm diameter, sometimes concentrated in bands |
Composition: | siliceous |
Stone code: | L |
Stone name: | shelly limestone |
Reference building: | 165–169 High Street PRIMARY_KE 961200 |
Colour of exposed surfaces: | pale grey |
Grain-size: | fine-sand-grade to medium-sand-grade |
Primary sedimentary structure: | weak bedding defined locally by aligned shell fragments |
Distinctive features: | abundant shell fragments up to 10 cm long |
Composition: | shelly limestone |
Stone code: | G1 |
Stone name: | Granite 1 |
Reference building: | plinth of South African War Memorial, Newmarket Street PRIMARY_KE 930773 |
Colour of exposed surfaces: | very pale orangeish grey |
Grain-size: | coarse-crystalline (fine division) |
Texture: | equigranular; weakly foliated |
Distinctive features: | none |
Composition: | muscovite-biotite granite |
Stone code: | G2 |
Stone name: | Granite 2 |
Reference building: | base course of 137–139 High Street PRIMARY_KE 961164 |
Colour of exposed surfaces: | dark grey |
Grain-size: | coarse crystalline (fine to medium division) |
Texture: | largely equigranular but weakly inequigranular (feldspar-phyric) in places; foliated |
Distinctive features: | micaceous; scattered black patches (mafic enclaves) up to 5 cm across |
Composition: | biotite-rich granodiorite |
Stone code: | G3 |
Stone name: | Granite 3 |
Reference building: | base course 134–136 High Street PRIMARY_KE 961315 & 961350 |
Colour of exposed surfaces: | greyish pink |
Grain-size: | coarse-crystalline (medium to coarse division) |
Texture: | inequigranular (weakly feldspar-phyric); massive |
Distinctive features: | rare dark patches (mafic enclaves) are up to 3 cm across |
Composition: | biotite granite |
Stone code: | G4 |
Stone name: | Granite 4 |
Reference building: | columns in main door arch, 12–14 Newmarket Street PRIMARY_KE 963306 |
Colour of exposed surfaces: | brownish pink |
Grain-size: | coarse-crystalline (medium division) |
Texture: | equigranular; massive |
Distinctive features: | none |
Composition: | biotite granite |