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T W Reader geological photographs long excursions 1914. Part 1 - index, GA 'Carreck Archive'
= Geological Survey of England and Wales 1:50,000 map tile: Sheet 13 Bellingham - data sources =
 
== Introduction (From memoir) ==
 
[[File:P222330.jpg|thumbnail|Crag Lough and Highfield Crags, Roman Wall. ]]
The Bellingham district includes much of the Roman Wall country, the Northumbrian lakes, North Tynedale and Redesdale—all areas of outstanding, unspoilt beauty. They are underlain by Carboniferous rocks, 1600 m thick which were laid down around 300 million years ago. In the south and east, 'Yoredale'; limestones, sandstones and shales with the intrusive dolerite of the Whin Sill form scarp and dip-slope features, but in the forested areas to the north and west thick boulder clay of Pleistocene age mantles most of the solid rock and forms its own distinctive drumlin topography.
This memoir is the first comprehensive published account of the geology of the district. After an introductory chapter, the stratigraphy of the Carboniferous rocks is described in detail, with comprehensive correlation diagrams of sections and boreholes together with complementary palaeontological identifications.
 
Accounts of the igneous rocks and structure of the region are followed by chapters on the Pleistocene and economic geology. Appendices list boreholes, shafts, measured sections and geological photographs and conclude with a comprehensive bibliography.
 
===Previous research ===
 
For full references see the "[https://webapps.bgs.ac.uk/Memoirs/docs/B01495.html References]"
 
Reference to the geology of the district can be found in many early works but the first systematic study was the primary six-inch geological survey by Hugh Miller Jnr., and D. Burns between 1875 and 1878. The solid edition of their one-inch map was published in 1881 followed by the drift edition in 1883. This map was not accompanied by a detailed geological succession nor were any major lithological subdivisions of the Carboniferous shown. A descriptive memoir written by Miller was not published. Small areas on the eastern and western edges of the district were resurveyed by G. A. Burnett (1932–35) and J. B. W. Day, D. H. Land and D. A. C. Mills (1954–58) respectively.
This memoir is the first comprehensive description of the geology of the district (Figure 3), though a number of generalised descriptions have appeared in works which deal with wider regions (e.g. Lebour, 1889; Garwood, 1910; Smith, 1912; Hickling and others, 1931; Taylor and others, 1971). In addition, important contributions to knowledge of the Carboniferous rocks of the district include those by Tate (1867a), Lebour (1873, 1875a, b), Johnson (1959), Fowler (1966) and Frost (1969). Igneous rocks have been studied by Tate (1867a, b, 1870). Topley and Lebour (1877), Teall (1884a, b), Heslop and Smythe (1910), Weyman (1910), Holmes and Harwood (1928, 1929), Smythe (1930), Randall (1959a, b), and Ineson (1972). Mineral deposits have been described by Wilson and others (1922), Smith (1923) and Dunham (1948); and the drift deposits and glacial retreat phenomena by Dwerryhouse (1902) and Smythe (1908, 1912).
Memoirs describing adjacent areas include those by Miller (1887), Clough (1889), Trotter and Hollingworth (1932), Fowler (1936) and Day (1970).
 
== Maps ==
 
To view all published sheets for this areas visit the [https://webapps.bgs.ac.uk/data/maps/maps.cfc?method=listResults&MapName=&series=E50k&scale=&pageSize=100 Maps Portal].
 
=== Latest published maps for this area ===


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
| [http://pubs.bgs.ac.uk/publications.html?pubID=GA001#v=d&z=2&n=5&i=GA001_005.jp2&y=333&x=416 Page 5]|| [http://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392411 P804095] || Delabole Slate Quarry. North Cornwall, April 10th 1914. Engine House.
|[[File:1001480 2000.jpg|thumbnail|]]|| [[File:1001481 2000.jpg|thumbnail|]]
|-
|-
| GA001 || [http://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392412 P804096] || Delabole Slate Quarry. North Cornwall, April 10th 1914. Stack yard  and  Trimming sheds.
| Drift sheet - [https://largeimages.bgs.ac.uk/iip/mapsportal.html?id=1001480 View full map] || Solid sheet - [https://largeimages.bgs.ac.uk/iip/mapsportal.html?id=1001481 View full map]
|}
 
=== Drift map details ===
{| class="wikitable"
| Map series: || Geological Survey of England and Wales 1:63,360/1:50,000 geological map series, New Series
|-
|-
| GA001 || [http://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392413 P804097] || Delabole Slate Quarry. North Cornwall, April 10th 1914. The Brachiopod shell known as Spirifera Verneuili the natural shape of which is seen in No. 4 becomes contorted owing to slaty cleavage and is called by the Quarrymen a Butterfly - the contorted form is No. 3. [On photo: Scale with legend: Spirifera Verneuili. The 'Delabole Butterfly'].
| Sheet number: || 13
|-
|-
| GA001 || [http://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392414 P804098] || Delabole Slate Quarry. North Cornwall, April 10th 1914. The Brachiopod shell known as Spirifera Verneuili the natural shape of which is seen in No. 4 becomes contorted owing to slaty cleavage and is called by the Quarrymen a Butterfly - the contorted form is No. 3. [On photo: Scale with legend: Spirifera Verneuili. The 'Delabole Butterfly'].
| Sheet title: || Bellingham.
|-
|-
| GA001 || [http://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392415 P804099] || Delabole Slate Quarry. North Cornwall, April 10th 1914. The 'Incline' which has a length of a quarter of a mile.
| Map type: || Drift
|-
|-
| GA001 || [http://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392416 P804100] || Delabole Slate Quarry. North Cornwall, April 10th 1914. View showing galleries and dip  and  cleavage of the slate. Beds dip S.W. at 26 degrees. Cleavage S.W. at 30 degrees.
| Scale: || 1:50 000
|-
|-
| GA001 || [http://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392417 P804101] || Delabole Slate Quarry. North Cornwall, April 10th 1914. View down the 'Incline'. The slate is Upper Devonian and of 2 varieties. The one used for roofing and the other for paving slabs.
| Publication year: || 1980
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392418 P804102] || Delabole Slate Quarry. North Cornwall, April 10th 1914. General view of the Quarry which is half a mile in length and 700 feet deep.
| Author statement: || Original geological survey on the Six-Inch scale by H. Miller and D. Burns in 1875-1878. Published on the One-Inch scale as Old Series Sheet 106 NE in 1881 (Solid Edition) and 1883 (Drift Edition). Eastern margin resurveyed on the Six-Inch scale by G.A. Burnett in 1932-1935. Mineral Revision by K.C. Dunham in 1939-1945. Western margin resurveyed on the Six-Inch scale by J.B.W. Day, D.H. Land and D.A.C. Mills in 1954-59. W. Anderson, District Geologist. Resurveyed on the Six-Inch scale by D.V. Frost and D.W. Holliday in 1968-1975.
|-
|-
| GA001 || [http://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392419 P804103] || Trebarwith. North Cornwall, April 10th 1914. Trebarwith Strand (looking inland).
| Published statement: || Published 1980. Print code: 3500/80.
|}
 
=== Solid map details ===
{| class="wikitable"
| Map series: || Geological Survey of England and Wales 1:63,360/1:50,000 geological map series, New Series
|-
|-
| GA001 || [http://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392420 P804104] || Trebarwith. North Cornwall, April 10th 1914. Gull Rock. Trabarwith Strand.
| Sheet number: || 13
|-
|-
| GA001 || [http://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392421 P804105] || Trebarwith. North Cornwall, April 10th 1914. Crush zone above Trebarwith Strand. It lies at the top of the Trambley Cove beds. The slates are thrown into sharp undulations and zigzag folds while the lava shows 'augen' structure of solid cores in a sheared matrix.
| Sheet title: || Bellingham.
|-
|-
| GA001 || [http://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392422 P804106] || Trebarwith. North Cornwall, April 10th 1914. Crush zone above Trebarwith Strand. It lies at the top of the Trambley Cove beds. The slates are thrown into sharp undulations and zigzag folds while the lava shows 'augen' structure of solid cores in a sheared matrix.
| Map type: || Solid
|-
|-
| GA001 || [http://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392423 P804107] || Port William. North Cornwall, April 10th 1914. Caves where faults have been eroded by the Sea in Dennis Head.
| Scale: || 1:50 000
|-
|-
| GA001 || [http://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392424 P804108] || Port William. North Cornwall, April 10th 1914. Caves in faults in the Tredorn phyllites forming Dennis Head, Port William. [People in distance].
| Publication year: || 1980
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392425 P804109] || Port William. North Cornwall, April 10th 1914. Viewing the Promised land. Top of Trebarwith Cliff. [Group photo, with backs turned].
| Author statement: || Original geological survey on the Six-Inch scale by H. Miller and D. Burns in 1875-1878. Published on the One-Inch scale as Old Series Sheet 106 NE in 1881 (Solid Edition) and 1883 (Drift Edition). Eastern margin resurveyed on the Six-Inch scale by G.A. Burnett in 1932-1935. Mineral Revision by K.C. Dunham in 1939-1945. Western margin resurveyed on the Six-Inch scale by J.B.W. Day, D.H. Land and D.A.C. Mills in 1954-59. W. Anderson, District Geologist. Resurveyed on the Six-Inch scale by D.V. Frost and D.W. Holliday in 1968-1975.
|-
|-
| GA001 || [http://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392426 P804110] || Port William. North Cornwall, April 10th 1914. Cave in fault in Tredorn phyllites, Port William.
| Published statement: || Published 1980. Print code: 3500/80.
|}
 
=== Six-inch maps ===
The following is a list of six-inch geological maps included in the area of 1:50000 Geological Sheet 13 with the date of survey for each map. The surveying officers are: G. A. Burnett, J. B. W. Day, D. V. Frost, D. W. Holliday, D. H. Land and D. A. C. Mills. Copies of the maps are deposited for public reference in the libraries of the London and Leeds Offices of the Institute of Geological Sciences. Uncoloured dyeline copies of those marked by an asterisk are available for purchase. Xerox copies of the remaining partially surveyed sheets are also available.
 
[[File:BellinghamIndexto10kmaps.JPG|600px|Index to National Grid six-inch geological maps]]
 
 
{| class="wikitable"
| NY 66 NE Tipalt Burn || Day || 1954
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392427 P804111] || West Quarry, Trebarwith - Woolgarden Phyllites. North Cornwall, April 10th 1914.
| NY 67 SE* Wileysike || Day || 1954
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392428 P804112] || Trebarwith - Sheared lavas. Thrust plane in middle distance. North Cornwall, April 10th 1914. [Little sketch of thrust plane].
| NY 67 NE* Churnsike || Mills || 1954–58
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392429 P804113] || Looking north from Port William. North Cornwall, April 10th 1914.
| NY 68 SE* Christy's Crags || Mills || 1957–58
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392430 P804114] || Quarry in Woolgarden Phyllites. West Quarry - Trebarwith. North Cornwall, April 10th 1914. [People].
| NY 68 NE Whickhope || Land || 1958
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392431 P804115] || Quarry in Delabole Slate looking towards Dennis Scale. North Cornwall, April 10th 1914.
| NY 76 NW Edges Green || Frost || 1973
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392432 P804116] || Hole Beach. North Cornwall, April 10th 1914.
| NY 76 NE Broomlee and Greenlee || Frost || 1973
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392433 P804117] || Dennis Scale. North Cornwall, April 10th 1914.
| NY 77 SW* Grindon Green || Frost || 1970
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392434 P804118] || Tintagel. North Cornwall, April 11th 1914. Trevena Valley  and  Keep of King Arthur's Castle.
| NY 77 SE* Shepherdshield || Frost || 1968–69
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392435 P804119] || Tintagel. North Cornwall, April 11th 1914. Tintagel Haven  and  Waterfall from the top of the Island.
| NY 77 NW* Green Moor || Holliday || 1974
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392436 P804120] || Tintagel. North Cornwall, April 11th 1914. Tintagel Island.
| NY 77 NE* Blackaburn and Stonehaugh || Frost || 1972–73
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392437 P804121] || Tintagel. North Cornwall, April 11th 1914. The Waterfall - Tintagel. Added note: Woolgarden phyllites, Thrust, lava.
| NY 78.SW* Chirdon Burn || Holliday || 1973–74
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392438 P804122] || Tintagel. North Cornwall, April 11th 1914. King Arthur's Castle The Dining Hall showing wall built to rock.
| NY 78 NW Falstone || Holliday || 1973
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392439 P804123] || Tintagel. North Cornwall, April 11th 1914. King Arthur's Castle The Dining Hall.
| NY 78 NE Greenhaugh || Holliday || 1973
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392440 P804124] || Tintagel. North Cornwall, April 11th 1914. King Arthur's Castle  and  Keep. Added note: Woolgarden phyllites, Barras Nose Beds, Lava, Keep on Barras Nose Beds / Woolgarden beds, Tredorn beds.
| NY 86 NW Grindon Hill || Frost and Holliday || 1968
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392441 P804125] || Tintagel. North Cornwall, April 11th 1914. Tintagel Castle showing the Overthrust. Added note: King A's castle, The Overthrust, Merlin's Cave.
| NY 86 NE Newbrough and Fourstones || Holliday || 1968
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392442 P804126] || Tintagel. North Cornwall, April 11th 1914. Section of Woolgarden Pyllites. Added note: Keep, Barras Nose Beds, Woolgarden Phyllites, Thrust, Trambley Cove Bed, Lava.
| NY 87 SW* Sewingshields || Frost || 1968
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392443 P804127] || Tintagel. North Cornwall, April 11th 1914. The Waterfall from the Interior of Merlin's Cave.
| NY 87 SE* Simonburn || Frost and Holliday || 1968–69
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392444 P804128] || Tintagel. North Cornwall, April 11th 1914. Entrance to Merlin's Cave. Added note: Crush Zone at Thrust Plane.
| NY 87 NW* Warksburn || Frost || 1971
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392445 P804129] || Tintagel. North Cornwall, April 11th 1914. The interior of Merlin's Cave showing the complete perforation of the Rock. Added note: Thrust Plane.
| NY 87 NE* Birtley and Wark || Frost || 1970
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392446 P804130] || Tintagel Haven. North Cornwall, April 11th 1914. Added note: Woolgarden phyllites, Barras Nose Beds, Lava, Keep on Barras Nose Beds / Woolgarden beds, Tredorn beds.
| NY 88 SW* Bellingham || Frost || 1972–73
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392447 P804131] || Tintagel Haven. North Cornwall, April 11th 1914.
| NY 88 SE* Redesmouth || Frost || 1972
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392448 P804132] || Barras Nose. North Cornwall, April 11th 1914. Added note: Magnetite Rock at base of lava, Barras Nose Beds.
| NY 88 NW Hareshaw || Frost || 1973
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392449 P804133] || Barras Nose. North Cornwall, April 11th 1914. Added note: Magnetite Rock, Lava, Barras Nose Beds.
| NY 88 NE West Woodburn || Frost || 1973
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392450 P804134] || North Cornwall, April 11th 1914. Magnetite in Rock Barras Nose.
| NY 96 NW Wall || Holliday || 1971
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392451 P804135] || North Cornwall, April 11th 1914. Magnetite Rock Barras Nose.
| NY 96 NE Stagshaw || Burnett and Holliday || 1935, 1971
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392452 P804136] || Gullastern Bay. North Cornwall, April 11th 1914. Added note: Cambeak, Short Island, Long Island, Willapark, The Bossiney Sisters.
| NY 97 SW* Barrasford || Holliday || 1971
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392453 P804137] || Gullastern Bay. North Cornwall, April 11th 1914. Added note: Bossinney [sic] Sisters, Willapark.
| NY 97 SE* Bingfield || Burnett and Holliday || 1934–35,1968,1971
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392454 P804138] || Trevalga Cliffs. North Cornwall, April 11th 1914. Added note: Saddle Rocks Trambley Cove Beds, Lava, Pliocene Shelf, Long Island, Tredorn phyllites.
| NY 97 NW* Gunnerton || Frost || 1971
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392455 P804139] || Elephant Rock Bossiney Woolgarden Phyllites. North Cornwall, April 11th 1914.
| NY 97 NE* Hallington || Burnett and Holliday || 1932–34,1971–73
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392456 P804140] || Tylands Quarry, Camelford. North Cornwall, April 12th 1914. Sections in Lime silicate hornfels, being baked by the heat of the Granite. [Person].
| NY 98 SW* Ridsdale || Frost || 1972–73
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392457 P804141] || Tylands Quarry, Camelford. North Cornwall, April 12th 1914. This was originally a calcareous sediment. [Group photo, mostly backs turned but leader visible].
| NY 98 SE* Great Bavington || Burnett and Holliday || 1932–33,1972–73
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392458 P804142] || Tylands Quarry, Camelford. North Cornwall, April 12th 1914. [No photo caption] [Person].
| NY 98 NW East Woodburn || Frost || 1973
|-
|-
| GA001 || [http://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392459 P804143] || Tylands Quarry, Camelford. North Cornwall, April 12th 1914. [No photo caption] [Person].
| NY 98 NE Raechester || Burnett and Holliday || 1933, 1973
|}
 
== Memoir ==
'''Geology of the country around Bellingham. Memoir for 1:50 000 geological sheet 13 by D.V. Frost and D.W. Holliday'''
 
Bibliographical reference: Frost, D.V. and Holliday, D.W. 1980. Geology of the country around Bellingham. Mem. Geol. Surv. G.B., Sheet 13, 112 pp.
 
[https://webapps.bgs.ac.uk/Memoirs/docs/B01495.html View searchable copy]
 
[https://pubs.bgs.ac.uk/publications.html?pubID=B01495 View original printed memoir]
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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= BGS175: 175th Anniversary Science Symposium of the founding of the British Geological Survey, 28th September, Royal Institution, London =
 
The British Geological Survey is the world's oldest national geological survey and commemorated its 175th anniversary in 2010.
 
The event was marked by a one-day science symposium on 28 September 2010.
 
The symposium showcased our world-class science and technologies, demonstrating their relevance, societal benefits and positive impacts in addressing 21st century challenges; including living with environmental change, energy and natural resource security, rising CO<sub>2</sub> emissions and geohazards.
 
* Peak metal: Scarcity of supply or scare story?
* Bronze Age Mediterraneans may have visited Stonehenge
* Modelling of Icelandic volcanic ash particles
 
The event was attended by influential stakeholders including representatives from government, industry, academia, international geological surveys, students and the national media.
 
Guest speakers included Dr Marcia McNutt, and [https://www.plymouth.ac.uk/staff/iain-stewart Professor Iain Stewart].
 
Britain's best-known natural history film-maker, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Attenborough Sir David Attenborough], featured in the panel discussion to close the symposium.
 
About the British Geological Survey, 2010.
 
== Win a place at BGS175 ==
 
The winners of a VIP day at the science symposium, featuring Sir David Attenborough, are listed in the table below.  
 
{| class="wikitable"
| Jonathan Wyatt, SHROPSHIRE || Paul Colinese, LONDON
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392460 P804144] || Grey Lake Quarry, Camelford. North Cornwall, April 12th 1914. Section in White Elvans. The Elvan dyke is quarried for roadstone and is continuous for many miles running from the northern edge of Bodmin Moor south westwards to the sea near Rock. [People].
| John Williams, SURREY || Sophie Hibben, KENT
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392461 P804145] || Grey Lake Quarry, Camelford. North Cornwall, April 12th 1914. Section in White Elvans. The Elvan dyke is quarried for roadstone and is continuous for many miles running from the northern edge of Bodmin Moor south westwards to the sea near Rock. [People].
| Lisa Allan, LONDON || Rob Flanders, CHESHIRE
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392462 P804146] || Grey Lake Quarry, Camelford. North Cornwall, April 12th 1914. This rock is a grey porphyritic quartz felsite being coarse grained in the centre with large phenocrysts of pink and yellowish orthoclase feldspar crystals but at its contact with the granite or sediment it is a very fine grained crypto crystalline rock which shows flow lines and spherulites.
| Vince Piper, BUCKINGHAMSHIRE || Steven Cadman, SURREY
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392463 P804147] || Grey Lake Quarry, Camelford. North Cornwall, April 12th 1914. This rock is a grey porphyritic quartz felsite being coarse grained in the centre with large phenocrysts of pink and yellowish orthoclase feldspar crystals but at its contact with the granite or sediment it is a very fine grained crypto crystalline rock which shows flow lines and spherulites. [Person].
| Sahja Haji, LONDON || Litsa Breingan, LONDON
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392464 P804148] || Rough Tor. North Cornwall, April 12th 1914. Rough Tor from the Camelford side.
| Paul Dotteridge, HERTFORDSHIRE || Stephen Metheringham, BUCKINGHAMSHIRE
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392465 P804149] || Rough Tor. North Cornwall, April 12th 1914. Rough Tor from Camelford road.
| Milo Brook, OXFORDSHIRE || Catherine Unsworth, LONDON
|}
 
== About the day ==
 
===Symposium agenda===
 
Download the oral programme 200 KB pdf
 
===Keynote speakers and special guests===
 
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
| GA001 || [http://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392466 P804150] || Rough Tor. North Cornwall, April 12th 1914. Upper slope of Rough Tor showing the blocks of Weathered Granite which give it its name.
|'''Video presentation''': [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8NstzDgR4fE About the British Geological Survey - 175 years of geoscience]||
|-
|-
| GA001 || [http://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392467 P804151] || Rough Tor. North Cornwall, April 12th 1914. Bodmin Moor from the top of Rough Tor.
|Sir David Attenborough wrote and narrated BBC's [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=snuna3fLYAg Uncovering Our Earliest Ancestor] ||[[File:Attenborough Thumb Copyright IanSalvage.jpg]]
|-
|-
| GA001 || [http://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392468 P804152] || Weathered Granite on Showery Tor. North Cornwall, April 12th 1914.  
|Marcia McNutt, USGS Director, [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ISzUlINbB4o Introduction to The National Map]||[[File:Mcnutt USGS.jpg]]
|-
|-
| GA001 || [http://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392469 P804153] || Weathered Granite on Showery Tor. North Cornwall, April 12th 1914.  
|Professor Iain Stewart in the BBC's [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kphF71S5F0Q How Earth Made Us]. Iain tells the epic story of how the planet has shaped our history.||[[File:Stewart plymouth.jpg]]
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392470 P804154] || Weathered Granite on Showery Tor. North Cornwall, April 12th 1914.
|}
|-
 
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392471 P804155] || Weathered Granite on Showery Tor. North Cornwall, April 12th 1914.
== Presentations ==
|-
 
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392472 P804156] || Rough Tor. North Cornwall, April 12th 1914. Weathered surface of Granite. [Old stamp for scale!].
Insert Video: Panel session
|-
 
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392473 P804157] || Rough Tor. North Cornwall, April 12th 1914. Fractured surface of Granite.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|'''Morning session A'''||
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392474 P804158] || Rough Tor. North Cornwall, April 12th 1914. Showing the position of the Weathered surface (Whitish portion) as detailed in the photograph above. [Person in distance].
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392475 P804159] || Rough Tor. North Cornwall, April 12th 1914. Showing the position of the Weathered surface (Whitish portion) as detailed in the photograph above. [People].
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392476 P804160] || Rough Tor. North Cornwall, April 13th 1914.
|-
| GA001 || [http://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392477 P804161] || Rough Tor. North Cornwall, April 13th 1914.
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392478 P804162] || Pentire Head. North Cornwall, April 13th 1914. Pillow lava or Spilite, a pillow showing spongy centre.
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392479 P804163] || Pentire Head. North Cornwall, April 13th 1914. Pillow lava showing central hollows of the pillows and alternating concentric bands of solid  and  vesicular rock. Also traces of sediment between the pillows as at A. ['A' marked on photo'].
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392480 P804164] || Pentire Head. North Cornwall, April 13th 1914. A Spilite lava flow. This is composed of pillows or sack shaped masses of a round or oval form averaging about 3 feet in diameter. As they were not very fluid the above triangular spaces were left between them which afterwards became filled with chert and crystalline calcite.
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392481 P804165] || Pentire Head. North Cornwall, April 13th 1914. A Spilite lava flow. This is composed of pillows or sack shaped masses of a round or oval form averaging about 3 feet in diameter. As they were not very fluid the above triangular spaces were left between them which afterwards became filled with chert and crystalline calcite.
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392482 P804166] || Church Hill Quarry. Large central hollow of pillow which consists of a series of alternating concentric bands of solid and amygdaloidal rock. North Cornwall, April 13th 1914.
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392483 P804167] || On Pentire Head. The Sermon on the Mount. North Cornwall, April 13th 1914. [Group photo].
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392484 P804168] || Spilite Church Hill Quarry. This shows the numerous amygdales which are small and flattened in the outer bands and increase in size toward the centre which is usually hollow hollow as seen above. . North Cornwall, April 13th 1914.
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392485 P804169] || Fault in Daymer Bay. North Cornwall, April 13th 1914. Added note: Fault, Frasnian Beds or B?desheim Beds, Reversed Fault, Famennian Beds or Cypridinen Schiefer.
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392486 P804170] || Pentire Haven - Contorted Frasnian beds. North Cornwall, April 13th 1914. [People].
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392487 P804171] || Minverite Rock Quarry. North Cornwall, April 13th 1914. Added note: Minverite Rock Quarry.  .
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392488 P804172] || Pentire Haven - Sill in Frasnian beds. North Cornwall, April 13th 1914.
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392489 P804173] || Sill of Albite diabase - Cliff Castle. Nicholas Whitley describes how 'he climbed these cones in the confident expectation of finding a Crater but was disappointed.'. North Cornwall, April 13th 1914.
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392490 P804174] || Sill of Albite diabase - Cliff Castle. Nicholas Whitley describes how 'he climbed these cones in the confident expectation of finding a Crater but was disappointed.'. North Cornwall, April 13th 1914.
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392491 P804175] || Sand Dunes near Rock. North Cornwall, April 13th 1914.
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392492 P804176] || Raised Beach, Trebetherie Point. North Cornwall, April 13th 1914. [Group photo].
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392493 P804177] || Minverite Quarry - Rock. North Cornwall, April 13th 1914. [Person].
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392494 P804178] || Minverite Quarry - Rock Section. North Cornwall, April 13th 1914. [Person].
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392495 P804179] || West Quarry - Rock, Minverite and Adinol. North Cornwall, April 13th 1914. [People].
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392496 P804180] || Block of Adinol with Veins of Quartz. North Cornwall, April 13th 1914.
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392497 P804181] || Bossiney Bay. North Cornwall, April 14th 1914. Added note: Lye Rocks, Willapark, Bossinney [sic] Sisters.
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392498 P804182] || Fire Beacon, Tredorn phyllites veined with albite feldspar. North Cornwall, April 14th 1914.
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392499 P804183] || St Nectan's Kieve. North Cornwall, April 14th 1914.
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392500 P804184] || St Nectan's Kieve showing pot hole. North Cornwall, April 14th 1914.
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392501 P804185] || Rocky Valley in Woolgarden Phyllites. North Cornwall, April 14th 1914.
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392502 P804186] || Rocky Valley in Woolgarden Phyllites. The stream which has cut down by a series of pot holes and now runs at the bottom of the Gorge. North Cornwall, April 14th 1914. Added note: Barras Nose Beds.
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392503 P804187] || The stream which has cut out the gorge known as the Rocky Valley. North Cornwall, April 14th 1914.
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392504 P804188] || Grower Gut - junction of Upper Devonian and Carboniferous Rock. North Cornwall, April 14th 1914. Added note: Carboniferous, Upper Devonian, Tredorn phyllites, fault, level of junction.
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392505 P804189] || North Cornwall, April 14th 1914. Added note: Grower Rock, Meachard Island, The Beacon radiolarian chert, Penally Point, Entrance to Boscastle Harbour, Willapark, Tredorn Phyllites.
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392506 P804190] || North Cornwall, April 14th 1914. Added note: Penally, huge veins of quartz, Eastern Blackapit.
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392507 P804191] || Trewethet Quarry. Dyke of schorl and quartz cutting lava due to pneumatolytic action of gases from subterranean granite. North Cornwall, April 14th 1914.
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392508 P804192] || North Cornwall, April 14th 1914. [Person].
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392509 P804193] || Boscastle Harbour and Vallency [sic] Valley. North Cornwall, April 14th 1914.
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392510 P804194] || Contorted Carboniferous grits at Penally Point Boscastle. North Cornwall, April 14th 1914.
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392511 P804195] || Contorted Carboniferous grits, Penally Point Boscastle. North Cornwall, April 14th 1914. Added note: 'horse' of quartz.
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392512 P804196] || The Ladies Window, Trevalga. Typical weathering of Tredorn phyllites. North Cornwall, April 14th 1914.
| Opening address || John Ludden, Executive Director, BGS
|-
|-
| GA001 || [http://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392513 P804197] || Trevose Head. North Cornwall, April 15th 1914.
| [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8NstzDgR4fE About the BGS - 175 years of geoscience]||  
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392514 P804198] || The Quies. Stacks of Albite diabase. North Cornwall, April 15th 1914.
| Twenty-first century survey || Denis Peach, Chief Scientist, BGS
|-
|-
| GA001 || [http://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392515 P804199] || Spherulite Adinol. Dinas Head. North Cornwall, April 15th 1914.
| Acuity, accuracy and application: from systematic geological mapping to responsive 3D+ surveys || Martin Smith, Head Geology & Landscape, BGS
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392516 P804200] || Sills of Minverite. Cataclews Quarry. North Cornwall, April 15th 1914.
| From watercolour to web || Keith Westhead, Head Knowledge Exchange, BGS
|-
|-
| GA001 || [http://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392517 P804201] || Devonian Limestone with veins of Calcite - Dinas Head. North Cornwall, April 15th 1914.
| '''Keynote''': Facing tomorrow’s challenges with integrated science || Marcia McNutt, Director, USGS
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392518 P804202] || Devonian silky phyllite. Dinas Head. North Cornwall, April 15th 1914.
|'''Morning session B'''||
|-
|-
| GA001 || [http://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392519 P804203] || Cataclews. North Cornwall, April 15th 1914. Minverite Quarry at Cataclews. These rocks are allied to Diabase but are typically non ophitic and rich in Biotite and brown Hornblende. This sill runs from Cataclews Point and Trevone Bay to the left bank of the River Camel at St Saviour's Cove.
| OneGeology: improving access to geoscience globally || Ian Jackson, Chief of Operations, BGS
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392520 P804204] || Cataclews. North Cornwall, April 15th 1914. Minverite Quarry at Cataclews. These rocks are allied to Diabase but are typically non ophitic and rich in Biotite and brown Hornblende. This sill runs from Cataclews Point and Trevone Bay to the left bank of the River Camel at St Saviour's Cove. [People].
| North American liaisons || Garth Earls, Director, GSNI
|-
|-
| GA001 || [http://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392521 P804205] || Cataclews. North Cornwall, April 15th 1914. Sections of Minverite at Cataclews Point. The Minverite occurs as Sills interfolded with slates. It is at Cataclews a rather fine grained holocrystalline aggregate of deep brown hornblende, biotite, serpentinous pseudomorphs after olivine, small crystals of Augite and decomposed feldspars with abundant grains and needles of apatite and iron ores. [People].
| Arabian adventures: geological mapping and climate change in Arabia || Andrew Farrant, Geologist, BGS
|-
|-
| GA001 || [http://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392522 P804206] || Cataclews. North Cornwall, April 15th 1914. Sections of Minverite at Cataclews Point. The Minverite occurs as Sills interfolded with slates. It is at Cataclews a rather fine grained holocrystalline aggregate of deep brown hornblende, biotite, serpentinous pseudomorphs after olivine, small crystals of Augite and decomposed feldspars with abundant grains and needles of apatite and iron ores. [Person].
| Groundwater animals: extending our understanding of biodiversity in the UK || Louise Maurice, Groundwater ecologist, BGS
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392523 P804207] || Marble cliffs, Porthmissen, in Upper Devonian limestone. North Cornwall, April 15th 1914.
| Life just got complicated || Dr Phil Wilby, Geologist, BGS
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392524 P804208] || Marble cliffs, Porthmissen, in Upper Devonian limestone. North Cornwall, April 15th 1914. [People].
|'''Afternoon session A'''||
|-
|-
| GA001 || [http://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392525 P804209] || Marble Cliffs Porthmissen - Alternate beds of slate and limestone. North Cornwall, April 15th 1914.
| Predict or prepare: natural hazards and human disasters || David Kerridge, Head Earth Hazards & Systems, BGS
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392526 P804210] || Marble Cliffs Porthmissen - Alternate beds of slate and limestone. North Cornwall, April 15th 1914. Added note: Fault.
| Groundwater, health and livelihoods in Africa || Alan MacDonald, Hydrogeologist, BGS
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392527 P804211] || Lantern Pit. North Cornwall, April 16th 1914. Added note: Large 'stent' vein left standing.
| Marine exploration || Robert Gatliff, Head Marine Geoscience, BGS
|-
|-
| GA001 || [http://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392528 P804212] || Lantern Pit. North Cornwall, April 16th 1914. Added note: 'sand pits'.
| Carbon capture and storage (CCS):demonstrating the concept || Andy Chadwick, Head CO2 Storage Research, BGS
|-
|-
| GA001 || [http://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392529 P804213] || Lantern Pit. North Cornwall, April 16th 1914.
| Future energy: renewable energy dividends from our coal mining legacy || Diarmad Campbell, Chief Geologist, Scotland, BGS
|-
|-
| GA001 || [http://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392530 P804214] || Lantern Pit. North Cornwall, April 16th 1914. Added note: Large stent vein seen in middle.
| Keynote: The human planet || Iain Stewart, Professor of Geosciences, Communication, University of Plymouth
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392531 P804215] || Cleaves Pit. North Cornwall, April 16th 1914.
| '''Afternoon session B'''||
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392532 P804216] || Cleaves Pit. North Cornwall, April 16th 1914.
| Malthus revisited? Population growth, environmental change and resource limits || Andrew Bloodworth, Head Minerals & Waste, BGS
|-
|-
| GA001 || [http://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392533 P804217] || Cleaves Pit. North Cornwall, April 16th 1914. Added note: 'Pigs Eggs' Kaolinized Crystals of Orthoclase. Caudledown. [Annotation on label in photo].
| Looking forward to making predictions: BGS’s role in the next decade and beyond. || Andrew Hughes, Hydrogeologist, BGS
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392534 P804218] || Cleaves Pit. North Cornwall, April 16th 1914. Added note: Caudledown Pit.
|'''Panel session'''||
|-
|-
| GA001 || [http://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392535 P804219] || Carclaze New Pit. North Cornwall, April 16th 1914. Added note: Solid granite.
|Featuring: Sir David Attenborough, Marcia McNutt (Director, USGS) Iain Stewart (Chair), Randy Parrish (Head of NIGL), Kathryn Goodenough (Geologist, BGS), Mike Ellis (Head of Climate Science, BGS).||
|-
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392536 P804220] || Carclaze New Pit. North Cornwall, April 16th 1914. Added note: Solid granite.
|'''Closing remarks'''||
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392537 P804221] || Carclaze New Pit. North Cornwall, April 16th 1914. Added note: Sand Pits.
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392538 P804222] || Carclaze New Pit. North Cornwall, April 16th 1914.
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392539 P804223] || North Goonbarrow showing tourmaline veins. North Cornwall, April 16th 1914.
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392540 P804224] || Carclaze Old Pit. North Cornwall, April 16th 1914.
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392541 P804225] || Gunbarrow [sic] Pit. North Cornwall, April 16th 1914.
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392542 P804226] || Carclaze. North Cornwall, April 16th 1914. Greisen with vein of Quartz and Tourmaline. Added note: Greisen, Tourmaline, Quartz, Greisen.
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392543 P804227] || Carclaze Old Pit. North Cornwall, April 16th 1914. The decomposed granite is here traversed by 'Peach' on Quartz schorl tin bearing veins which was originally worked as an open tin mine.
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392544 P804228] || Carclaze Old Pit. North Cornwall, April 16th 1914. The decomposed granite is here traversed by 'Peach' on Quartz schorl tin bearing veins which was originally worked as an open tin mine.
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392545 P804229] || Carclaze Old Pit. North Cornwall, April 16th 1914.
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392546 P804230] || Carclaze Old Pit. North Cornwall, April 16th 1914.
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392547 P804231] || St Austell Granite, Gready Quarry. North Cornwall, April 16th 1914. These three photographs shew very well the two sets of vertical jointing. No. 146 shews also horizontal jointing.
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392548 P804232] || St Austell Granite, Gready Quarry. North Cornwall, April 16th 1914. These three photographs shew very well the two sets of vertical jointing. No. 146 shews also horizontal jointing.
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392549 P804233] || St Austell Granite, Gready Quarry. North Cornwall, April 16th 1914. These three photographs shew very well the two sets of vertical jointing. No. 146 shews also horizontal jointing.
|-
| GA001 || [https://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=392550 P804234] || St Austell Granite, Gready Quarry. North Cornwall, April 16th 1914. Added note: Quartz Tourmaline rock or 'stent'.
|-
|-
|Closing remarks by Jon Gluyas (BGS Board Chair), and BUFI poster prize presentation.||
|}
|}
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{{NRW}}
[[File:Edward Greenly.png|thumb|Edward Greenly]]
== Edward Greenly (1861–1951) ==
Cofir am [[Edward Greenly D.Sc.|Edward Greenly]] yn bennaf am ei arolwg daearegol o Ynys Môn, gwaith y bu wrthi am bron pum mlynedd ar hugain o’i fywyd.
Image caption: Edward Greenly. Llun trwy garedigrwydd Terry Williams
== Edward Greenly (1861–1951) ==
Campwaith pennaf [[Edward Greenly D.Sc.|Edward Greenly]] oedd cwblhau arolwg daearegol manwl o Ynys Môn. Cyhoeddwyd ''The Geology of Anglesey'' ([https://pubs.bgs.ac.uk/publications.html?pubID=B01782 Volume 1] and [https://pubs.bgs.ac.uk/publications.html?pubID=B06824 Volume 2]) mewn dwy gyfrol yn 1919 ac yna yn 1920 fap daearegol ar y raddfa un fodfedd i’r filltir. Er bod rhannau o’r gwaith wedi’u diweddaru yn ystod y degawdau dilynol, erys ei astudiaeth yn glasur o fri rhyngwladol.
=== Mapio Môn ===
Wrth fapio ynys Môn, gwnaeth Greenly ddefnydd mawr o syniadau tectonig a ddatblygodd wrth iddo fynd i’r afael â gwaith maes cynharach yn Ucheldiroedd yr Alban. Roedd tair prif broblem yn ei wynebu: prinder brigiadau da, yn enwedig mewn ardaloedd mewndirol allweddol bwysig; presenoldeb creigiau gorchuddiol clytiog yn cuddio yn aml y baslawr Cyn-Gambriaidd hŷn; a phresenoldeb toriadau tectonig megis ffawtiau a chylchfaoedd croesrym a oedd yn aml yn rhwystro’r gwaith o gydberthyn gwahanol ddilyniannau o greigiau. Chwaraeodd ei wraig Annie Greenly (Barnard gynt), a oedd yn rhannu ei ddiddordeb mewn daeareg a diwinyddiaeth, rôl hollbwysig drwy baratoi’r mynegai i’w gyfrol.
Ganed Greenly ym Mryste ac fe’i haddysgwyd yng Ngholeg Clifton. Bu’n fyfyriwr yng Ngholeg y Brifysgol, Llundain, cyn ymuno â’r Arolwg Daearegol yn 1889. Yn gyntaf, bu gofyn iddo baratoi arolwg o Ucheldiroedd gogledd-orllewin yr Alban. Daeth yn ffrind agos ac yn gydweithiwr i [[Benjamin Neeve Peach - biographical information|Ben Peach]] yr oedd ei archwiliadau wedi bod yn gyfrwng i ddatrys adeiledd cymhleth yr Alban (gan gynnwys adnabod a sylweddoli arwyddocâd Gwthiad Moine). Rhoddodd Greenly y gorau i’w waith gyda’r Arolwg yn 1895 er mwyn iddo, o’i ben a’i bastwn ei hun. roi cychwyn ar ei arolwg o Ynys Môn.
=== Cyfraniadau pwysig i ddaeareg ===
Yn gydnabyddiaeth am ei gyfraniadau pwysig i ddaeareg, cafodd Edward Greenly ei dderbyn yn aelod er anrhydedd o gymdeithasau daearegol Caeredin a Lerpwl, a Chymdeithas Hynafiaethwyr Môn. Dyfarnwyd iddo Fedal Lyell, fawr ei bri, y Gymdeithas Ddaearegol yn 1920, medal Cymdeithas Ddaearegol Lerpwl yn 1933 a doethuriaeth er anrhydedd Prifysgol Cymru yn 1920.
Ar y cyd â Howel Williams, cyhoeddodd [[Edward Greenly D.Sc.|Greenly]] ''Methods of Geological Surveying'' yn 1930 a’i hunangofiant ''A Hand through Time: Memories Romantic'' and ''Geological'' a ymddangosodd yn 1938. Bu farw ym Mangor yn 1951 ac yn briodol iawn fe’i claddwyd ym mynwent Llangristiolus, Ynys Môn. Mae ei fedd wedi’i gyfnodi’n Safle Geoamrywiaeth o Bwysigrwydd Rhanbarthol (RIGS).
== Table ==
=Geologists' Association photograph albums [Green bound]=
These two key albums of the GA focus on photographs of members.
The first volume contains portraits of early GA members and then photographs of individuals or groups of members taken on GA field excursions 1922–1977.
The second volume contains photographs of individuals or groups of members taken on GA field excursions 1979 to 1996.

Revision as of 22:59, 17 May 2022

Geological Survey of England and Wales 1:50,000 map tile: Sheet 13 Bellingham - data sources

Introduction (From memoir)

Crag Lough and Highfield Crags, Roman Wall.

The Bellingham district includes much of the Roman Wall country, the Northumbrian lakes, North Tynedale and Redesdale—all areas of outstanding, unspoilt beauty. They are underlain by Carboniferous rocks, 1600 m thick which were laid down around 300 million years ago. In the south and east, 'Yoredale'; limestones, sandstones and shales with the intrusive dolerite of the Whin Sill form scarp and dip-slope features, but in the forested areas to the north and west thick boulder clay of Pleistocene age mantles most of the solid rock and forms its own distinctive drumlin topography. This memoir is the first comprehensive published account of the geology of the district. After an introductory chapter, the stratigraphy of the Carboniferous rocks is described in detail, with comprehensive correlation diagrams of sections and boreholes together with complementary palaeontological identifications.

Accounts of the igneous rocks and structure of the region are followed by chapters on the Pleistocene and economic geology. Appendices list boreholes, shafts, measured sections and geological photographs and conclude with a comprehensive bibliography.

Previous research

For full references see the "References"

Reference to the geology of the district can be found in many early works but the first systematic study was the primary six-inch geological survey by Hugh Miller Jnr., and D. Burns between 1875 and 1878. The solid edition of their one-inch map was published in 1881 followed by the drift edition in 1883. This map was not accompanied by a detailed geological succession nor were any major lithological subdivisions of the Carboniferous shown. A descriptive memoir written by Miller was not published. Small areas on the eastern and western edges of the district were resurveyed by G. A. Burnett (1932–35) and J. B. W. Day, D. H. Land and D. A. C. Mills (1954–58) respectively. This memoir is the first comprehensive description of the geology of the district (Figure 3), though a number of generalised descriptions have appeared in works which deal with wider regions (e.g. Lebour, 1889; Garwood, 1910; Smith, 1912; Hickling and others, 1931; Taylor and others, 1971). In addition, important contributions to knowledge of the Carboniferous rocks of the district include those by Tate (1867a), Lebour (1873, 1875a, b), Johnson (1959), Fowler (1966) and Frost (1969). Igneous rocks have been studied by Tate (1867a, b, 1870). Topley and Lebour (1877), Teall (1884a, b), Heslop and Smythe (1910), Weyman (1910), Holmes and Harwood (1928, 1929), Smythe (1930), Randall (1959a, b), and Ineson (1972). Mineral deposits have been described by Wilson and others (1922), Smith (1923) and Dunham (1948); and the drift deposits and glacial retreat phenomena by Dwerryhouse (1902) and Smythe (1908, 1912). Memoirs describing adjacent areas include those by Miller (1887), Clough (1889), Trotter and Hollingworth (1932), Fowler (1936) and Day (1970).

Maps

To view all published sheets for this areas visit the Maps Portal.

Latest published maps for this area

Drift sheet - View full map Solid sheet - View full map

Drift map details

Map series: Geological Survey of England and Wales 1:63,360/1:50,000 geological map series, New Series
Sheet number: 13
Sheet title: Bellingham.
Map type: Drift
Scale: 1:50 000
Publication year: 1980
Author statement: Original geological survey on the Six-Inch scale by H. Miller and D. Burns in 1875-1878. Published on the One-Inch scale as Old Series Sheet 106 NE in 1881 (Solid Edition) and 1883 (Drift Edition). Eastern margin resurveyed on the Six-Inch scale by G.A. Burnett in 1932-1935. Mineral Revision by K.C. Dunham in 1939-1945. Western margin resurveyed on the Six-Inch scale by J.B.W. Day, D.H. Land and D.A.C. Mills in 1954-59. W. Anderson, District Geologist. Resurveyed on the Six-Inch scale by D.V. Frost and D.W. Holliday in 1968-1975.
Published statement: Published 1980. Print code: 3500/80.

Solid map details

Map series: Geological Survey of England and Wales 1:63,360/1:50,000 geological map series, New Series
Sheet number: 13
Sheet title: Bellingham.
Map type: Solid
Scale: 1:50 000
Publication year: 1980
Author statement: Original geological survey on the Six-Inch scale by H. Miller and D. Burns in 1875-1878. Published on the One-Inch scale as Old Series Sheet 106 NE in 1881 (Solid Edition) and 1883 (Drift Edition). Eastern margin resurveyed on the Six-Inch scale by G.A. Burnett in 1932-1935. Mineral Revision by K.C. Dunham in 1939-1945. Western margin resurveyed on the Six-Inch scale by J.B.W. Day, D.H. Land and D.A.C. Mills in 1954-59. W. Anderson, District Geologist. Resurveyed on the Six-Inch scale by D.V. Frost and D.W. Holliday in 1968-1975.
Published statement: Published 1980. Print code: 3500/80.

Six-inch maps

The following is a list of six-inch geological maps included in the area of 1:50000 Geological Sheet 13 with the date of survey for each map. The surveying officers are: G. A. Burnett, J. B. W. Day, D. V. Frost, D. W. Holliday, D. H. Land and D. A. C. Mills. Copies of the maps are deposited for public reference in the libraries of the London and Leeds Offices of the Institute of Geological Sciences. Uncoloured dyeline copies of those marked by an asterisk are available for purchase. Xerox copies of the remaining partially surveyed sheets are also available.

Index to National Grid six-inch geological maps


NY 66 NE Tipalt Burn Day 1954
NY 67 SE* Wileysike Day 1954
NY 67 NE* Churnsike Mills 1954–58
NY 68 SE* Christy's Crags Mills 1957–58
NY 68 NE Whickhope Land 1958
NY 76 NW Edges Green Frost 1973
NY 76 NE Broomlee and Greenlee Frost 1973
NY 77 SW* Grindon Green Frost 1970
NY 77 SE* Shepherdshield Frost 1968–69
NY 77 NW* Green Moor Holliday 1974
NY 77 NE* Blackaburn and Stonehaugh Frost 1972–73
NY 78.SW* Chirdon Burn Holliday 1973–74
NY 78 NW Falstone Holliday 1973
NY 78 NE Greenhaugh Holliday 1973
NY 86 NW Grindon Hill Frost and Holliday 1968
NY 86 NE Newbrough and Fourstones Holliday 1968
NY 87 SW* Sewingshields Frost 1968
NY 87 SE* Simonburn Frost and Holliday 1968–69
NY 87 NW* Warksburn Frost 1971
NY 87 NE* Birtley and Wark Frost 1970
NY 88 SW* Bellingham Frost 1972–73
NY 88 SE* Redesmouth Frost 1972
NY 88 NW Hareshaw Frost 1973
NY 88 NE West Woodburn Frost 1973
NY 96 NW Wall Holliday 1971
NY 96 NE Stagshaw Burnett and Holliday 1935, 1971
NY 97 SW* Barrasford Holliday 1971
NY 97 SE* Bingfield Burnett and Holliday 1934–35,1968,1971
NY 97 NW* Gunnerton Frost 1971
NY 97 NE* Hallington Burnett and Holliday 1932–34,1971–73
NY 98 SW* Ridsdale Frost 1972–73
NY 98 SE* Great Bavington Burnett and Holliday 1932–33,1972–73
NY 98 NW East Woodburn Frost 1973
NY 98 NE Raechester Burnett and Holliday 1933, 1973

Memoir

Geology of the country around Bellingham. Memoir for 1:50 000 geological sheet 13 by D.V. Frost and D.W. Holliday

Bibliographical reference: Frost, D.V. and Holliday, D.W. 1980. Geology of the country around Bellingham. Mem. Geol. Surv. G.B., Sheet 13, 112 pp.

View searchable copy

View original printed memoir





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BGS175: 175th Anniversary Science Symposium of the founding of the British Geological Survey, 28th September, Royal Institution, London

The British Geological Survey is the world's oldest national geological survey and commemorated its 175th anniversary in 2010.

The event was marked by a one-day science symposium on 28 September 2010.

The symposium showcased our world-class science and technologies, demonstrating their relevance, societal benefits and positive impacts in addressing 21st century challenges; including living with environmental change, energy and natural resource security, rising CO2 emissions and geohazards.

  • Peak metal: Scarcity of supply or scare story?
  • Bronze Age Mediterraneans may have visited Stonehenge
  • Modelling of Icelandic volcanic ash particles

The event was attended by influential stakeholders including representatives from government, industry, academia, international geological surveys, students and the national media.

Guest speakers included Dr Marcia McNutt, and Professor Iain Stewart.

Britain's best-known natural history film-maker, Sir David Attenborough, featured in the panel discussion to close the symposium.

About the British Geological Survey, 2010.

Win a place at BGS175

The winners of a VIP day at the science symposium, featuring Sir David Attenborough, are listed in the table below.

Jonathan Wyatt, SHROPSHIRE Paul Colinese, LONDON
John Williams, SURREY Sophie Hibben, KENT
Lisa Allan, LONDON Rob Flanders, CHESHIRE
Vince Piper, BUCKINGHAMSHIRE Steven Cadman, SURREY
Sahja Haji, LONDON Litsa Breingan, LONDON
Paul Dotteridge, HERTFORDSHIRE Stephen Metheringham, BUCKINGHAMSHIRE
Milo Brook, OXFORDSHIRE Catherine Unsworth, LONDON

About the day

Symposium agenda

Download the oral programme 200 KB pdf

Keynote speakers and special guests

Video presentation: About the British Geological Survey - 175 years of geoscience
Sir David Attenborough wrote and narrated BBC's Uncovering Our Earliest Ancestor
Marcia McNutt, USGS Director, Introduction to The National Map
Professor Iain Stewart in the BBC's How Earth Made Us. Iain tells the epic story of how the planet has shaped our history.

Presentations

Insert Video: Panel session

Morning session A
Opening address John Ludden, Executive Director, BGS
About the BGS - 175 years of geoscience
Twenty-first century survey Denis Peach, Chief Scientist, BGS
Acuity, accuracy and application: from systematic geological mapping to responsive 3D+ surveys Martin Smith, Head Geology & Landscape, BGS
From watercolour to web Keith Westhead, Head Knowledge Exchange, BGS
Keynote: Facing tomorrow’s challenges with integrated science Marcia McNutt, Director, USGS
Morning session B
OneGeology: improving access to geoscience globally Ian Jackson, Chief of Operations, BGS
North American liaisons Garth Earls, Director, GSNI
Arabian adventures: geological mapping and climate change in Arabia Andrew Farrant, Geologist, BGS
Groundwater animals: extending our understanding of biodiversity in the UK Louise Maurice, Groundwater ecologist, BGS
Life just got complicated Dr Phil Wilby, Geologist, BGS
Afternoon session A
Predict or prepare: natural hazards and human disasters David Kerridge, Head Earth Hazards & Systems, BGS
Groundwater, health and livelihoods in Africa Alan MacDonald, Hydrogeologist, BGS
Marine exploration Robert Gatliff, Head Marine Geoscience, BGS
Carbon capture and storage (CCS):demonstrating the concept Andy Chadwick, Head CO2 Storage Research, BGS
Future energy: renewable energy dividends from our coal mining legacy Diarmad Campbell, Chief Geologist, Scotland, BGS
Keynote: The human planet Iain Stewart, Professor of Geosciences, Communication, University of Plymouth
Afternoon session B
Malthus revisited? Population growth, environmental change and resource limits Andrew Bloodworth, Head Minerals & Waste, BGS
Looking forward to making predictions: BGS’s role in the next decade and beyond. Andrew Hughes, Hydrogeologist, BGS
Panel session
Featuring: Sir David Attenborough, Marcia McNutt (Director, USGS) Iain Stewart (Chair), Randy Parrish (Head of NIGL), Kathryn Goodenough (Geologist, BGS), Mike Ellis (Head of Climate Science, BGS).
Closing remarks
Closing remarks by Jon Gluyas (BGS Board Chair), and BUFI poster prize presentation.

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© Natural Resources Wales. All rights reserved. For use contact: Natural Resources Wales
Edward Greenly

Edward Greenly (1861–1951)

Cofir am Edward Greenly yn bennaf am ei arolwg daearegol o Ynys Môn, gwaith y bu wrthi am bron pum mlynedd ar hugain o’i fywyd.

Image caption: Edward Greenly. Llun trwy garedigrwydd Terry Williams

Edward Greenly (1861–1951)

Campwaith pennaf Edward Greenly oedd cwblhau arolwg daearegol manwl o Ynys Môn. Cyhoeddwyd The Geology of Anglesey (Volume 1 and Volume 2) mewn dwy gyfrol yn 1919 ac yna yn 1920 fap daearegol ar y raddfa un fodfedd i’r filltir. Er bod rhannau o’r gwaith wedi’u diweddaru yn ystod y degawdau dilynol, erys ei astudiaeth yn glasur o fri rhyngwladol.

Mapio Môn

Wrth fapio ynys Môn, gwnaeth Greenly ddefnydd mawr o syniadau tectonig a ddatblygodd wrth iddo fynd i’r afael â gwaith maes cynharach yn Ucheldiroedd yr Alban. Roedd tair prif broblem yn ei wynebu: prinder brigiadau da, yn enwedig mewn ardaloedd mewndirol allweddol bwysig; presenoldeb creigiau gorchuddiol clytiog yn cuddio yn aml y baslawr Cyn-Gambriaidd hŷn; a phresenoldeb toriadau tectonig megis ffawtiau a chylchfaoedd croesrym a oedd yn aml yn rhwystro’r gwaith o gydberthyn gwahanol ddilyniannau o greigiau. Chwaraeodd ei wraig Annie Greenly (Barnard gynt), a oedd yn rhannu ei ddiddordeb mewn daeareg a diwinyddiaeth, rôl hollbwysig drwy baratoi’r mynegai i’w gyfrol.

Ganed Greenly ym Mryste ac fe’i haddysgwyd yng Ngholeg Clifton. Bu’n fyfyriwr yng Ngholeg y Brifysgol, Llundain, cyn ymuno â’r Arolwg Daearegol yn 1889. Yn gyntaf, bu gofyn iddo baratoi arolwg o Ucheldiroedd gogledd-orllewin yr Alban. Daeth yn ffrind agos ac yn gydweithiwr i Ben Peach yr oedd ei archwiliadau wedi bod yn gyfrwng i ddatrys adeiledd cymhleth yr Alban (gan gynnwys adnabod a sylweddoli arwyddocâd Gwthiad Moine). Rhoddodd Greenly y gorau i’w waith gyda’r Arolwg yn 1895 er mwyn iddo, o’i ben a’i bastwn ei hun. roi cychwyn ar ei arolwg o Ynys Môn.

Cyfraniadau pwysig i ddaeareg

Yn gydnabyddiaeth am ei gyfraniadau pwysig i ddaeareg, cafodd Edward Greenly ei dderbyn yn aelod er anrhydedd o gymdeithasau daearegol Caeredin a Lerpwl, a Chymdeithas Hynafiaethwyr Môn. Dyfarnwyd iddo Fedal Lyell, fawr ei bri, y Gymdeithas Ddaearegol yn 1920, medal Cymdeithas Ddaearegol Lerpwl yn 1933 a doethuriaeth er anrhydedd Prifysgol Cymru yn 1920.

Ar y cyd â Howel Williams, cyhoeddodd Greenly Methods of Geological Surveying yn 1930 a’i hunangofiant A Hand through Time: Memories Romantic and Geological a ymddangosodd yn 1938. Bu farw ym Mangor yn 1951 ac yn briodol iawn fe’i claddwyd ym mynwent Llangristiolus, Ynys Môn. Mae ei fedd wedi’i gyfnodi’n Safle Geoamrywiaeth o Bwysigrwydd Rhanbarthol (RIGS).

Table

Geologists' Association photograph albums [Green bound]

These two key albums of the GA focus on photographs of members.

The first volume contains portraits of early GA members and then photographs of individuals or groups of members taken on GA field excursions 1922–1977.

The second volume contains photographs of individuals or groups of members taken on GA field excursions 1979 to 1996.