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Edward Greenly (1861–1951)
Cofir am Edward Greenly yn bennaf am ei arolwg daearegol o Ynys Môn, gwaith y bu wrthi am bron pum mlynedd ar hugain o’i fywyd.
Image caption: Edward Greenly. Llun trwy garedigrwydd Terry Williams
Edward Greenly (1861–1951)
Campwaith pennaf Edward Greenly oedd cwblhau arolwg daearegol manwl o Ynys Môn. Cyhoeddwyd The Geology of Anglesey (Volume 1 and Volume 2) mewn dwy gyfrol yn 1919 ac yna yn 1920 fap daearegol ar y raddfa un fodfedd i’r filltir. Er bod rhannau o’r gwaith wedi’u diweddaru yn ystod y degawdau dilynol, erys ei astudiaeth yn glasur o fri rhyngwladol.
Mapio Môn
Wrth fapio ynys Môn, gwnaeth Greenly ddefnydd mawr o syniadau tectonig a ddatblygodd wrth iddo fynd i’r afael â gwaith maes cynharach yn Ucheldiroedd yr Alban. Roedd tair prif broblem yn ei wynebu: prinder brigiadau da, yn enwedig mewn ardaloedd mewndirol allweddol bwysig; presenoldeb creigiau gorchuddiol clytiog yn cuddio yn aml y baslawr Cyn-Gambriaidd hŷn; a phresenoldeb toriadau tectonig megis ffawtiau a chylchfaoedd croesrym a oedd yn aml yn rhwystro’r gwaith o gydberthyn gwahanol ddilyniannau o greigiau. Chwaraeodd ei wraig Annie Greenly (Barnard gynt), a oedd yn rhannu ei ddiddordeb mewn daeareg a diwinyddiaeth, rôl hollbwysig drwy baratoi’r mynegai i’w gyfrol.
Ganed Greenly ym Mryste ac fe’i haddysgwyd yng Ngholeg Clifton. Bu’n fyfyriwr yng Ngholeg y Brifysgol, Llundain, cyn ymuno â’r Arolwg Daearegol yn 1889. Yn gyntaf, bu gofyn iddo baratoi arolwg o Ucheldiroedd gogledd-orllewin yr Alban. Daeth yn ffrind agos ac yn gydweithiwr i Ben Peach yr oedd ei archwiliadau wedi bod yn gyfrwng i ddatrys adeiledd cymhleth yr Alban (gan gynnwys adnabod a sylweddoli arwyddocâd Gwthiad Moine). Rhoddodd Greenly y gorau i’w waith gyda’r Arolwg yn 1895 er mwyn iddo, o’i ben a’i bastwn ei hun. roi cychwyn ar ei arolwg o Ynys Môn.
Cyfraniadau pwysig i ddaeareg
Yn gydnabyddiaeth am ei gyfraniadau pwysig i ddaeareg, cafodd Edward Greenly ei dderbyn yn aelod er anrhydedd o gymdeithasau daearegol Caeredin a Lerpwl, a Chymdeithas Hynafiaethwyr Môn. Dyfarnwyd iddo Fedal Lyell, fawr ei bri, y Gymdeithas Ddaearegol yn 1920, medal Cymdeithas Ddaearegol Lerpwl yn 1933 a doethuriaeth er anrhydedd Prifysgol Cymru yn 1920.
Ar y cyd â Howel Williams, cyhoeddodd Greenly Methods of Geological Surveying yn 1930 a’i hunangofiant A Hand through Time: Memories Romantic and Geological a ymddangosodd yn 1938. Bu farw ym Mangor yn 1951 ac yn briodol iawn fe’i claddwyd ym mynwent Llangristiolus, Ynys Môn. Mae ei fedd wedi’i gyfnodi’n Safle Geoamrywiaeth o Bwysigrwydd Rhanbarthol (RIGS).
| Hand specimen: | Limestone from Durness, Sutherland. | P527664 |
| Hand specimen: | Limestone from Durness, Sutherland. | P527665 |
| Hand specimen: | Dolomite from Elphin, Assynt, Sutherland. | P527687 |
| Hand specimen: | Dolomite from Durness, Sutherland. | P527688 |
| Hand specimen: | Dolomite from near An Corr-eilean, Eriboll, Sutherland. | P527689 |
| Hand specimen: | Dolomite from Durness, Sutherland. | P527690 |
| Hand specimen: | A specimen of Cambrian Pipe rock from south-west of Achnashellach, Strathcarron, Ross and Cromarty. | P527691 |
| Hand specimen: | Diatomite from Toombridge, Bann Valley, Northern Ireland. | P527724 |
| Hand specimen: | Dolomite from Eriboll, Sutherland. | P527725 |
| Hand specimen: | Dolomite from the Durness Limestone, Sarsgrum, Eriboll, Sutherland. | P527726 |
| Hand specimen: | Dolomite from near Keodale, Durness, Sutherland. | P527727 |
| Hand specimen: | Dolomite from Keodale, Durness, Sutherland. | P527728 |
| Hand specimen: | Mottled limestone from Durness, Sutherland. | P527729 |
| Hand specimen: | Limestone from Durness, Sutherland. | P527730 |
| Hand specimen: | Limestone from Durness, Sutherland. | P527731 |
| Hand specimen: | Limestone from Durness, Sutherland. | P527732 |
| Hand specimen: | Limestone from Eilean Dubh, Durness, Sutherland. | P527733 |
| Hand specimen: | Limestone from Croisaphuills, Durness, Sutherland. | P527734 |
| Hand specimen: | Limestone from the Torran area, Strath, Skye, Invernessshire. | P527735 |
| Hand specimen: | Limestone from the Torran area, Skye, Invernessshire. | P527736 |
| Hand specimen: | Limestone from the Torran area, Strath, Skye, Invernessshire. | P527737 |
| Hand specimen: | Limestone from the Torran area, Skye, Invernessshire. | P527738 |
| Hand specimen: | Brucite marble from Ledbeg, Assynt, Sutherland. | P527739 |
| Hand specimen: | Brucite marble from Ledbeg, Assynt, Sutherland. | P527740 |
| Hand specimen: | Brucite marble from Ledbeg, Assynt, Sutherland. | P527741 |
| Hand specimen: | Brucite marble from Ledbeg, Assynt, Sutherland. | P527742 |
| Hand specimen: | Marble from Ledbeg, Assynt, Sutherland. | P527743 |
| Hand specimen: | Marble from Ledbeg, Assynt, Sutherland. | P527744 |
| Hand specimen: | Marble from Ledbeg, Assynt, Sutherland. | P527745 |
| Hand specimen: | Marble from Ledbeg, Assynt, Sutherland. | P527746 |
| Hand specimen: | Brucite marble from Kilchrist, Locality 3, Skye, Invernessshire. | P527747 |
| Hand specimen: | Brucite marble from 800 yards north-north-west of Camas Malag, south of Torran, Skye, Invernessshire. | P527748 |
| Hand specimen: | Brucite marble from the Torran area, Skye, Invernessshire. | P527749 |
| Hand specimen: | Brucite marble from the Torran area, Skye, Invernessshire. | P527750 |
| Hand specimen: | Brucite marble from the Torran area, Skye, Invernessshire. | P527751 |
| Hand specimen: | Brucite marble from the Kilchrist area of Skye, Invernessshire. | P527752 |
| Hand specimen: | Brucite marble, Cill Chriosd Quarry, Torran, Skye, Invernessshire. | P527753 |
| Hand specimen: | Brucite marble, Cill Chriosd Quarry, Torran, Skye, Invernessshire. | P527754 |
| Hand specimen: | Dolomite and calcite vein from Newbigging, Nine Lums, one mile west of Burntisland, Fife. | P527755 |
| Hand specimen: | Limestone from Freuchie Quarry, Maspie, Falkland, Fifeshire. | P527756 |
| Hand specimen: | Limestone from White Craigs, Bishop Hill, Kinrossshire. | P527757 |
| Hand specimen: | Dolomite from Little Raith, Fifeshire. | P527758 |
| Hand specimen: | Limestone from White Craigs, Bishop Hill, Kinrossshire. | P527759 |
| Hand specimen: | Baked blaes from Clatteringwell Quarry, Bishop Hill, c. one mile north-east of Kinnesswood, Kinrossshire. | P527760 |
| Hand specimen: | Limestone from Rothes Lime Works, Balgeddie, half a mile north-north-west of Leslie Bridge, Fifeshire. | P527761 |
| Hand specimen: | Limestone from near Kirkintilloch, Stirlingshire. | P527762 |
| Hand specimen: | Limestone from north-east of Queenzieburn, Stirlingshire. | P527763 |
| Hand specimen: | Limestone from Corrie Burn, Arran, Buteshire. | P527764 |
| Hand specimen: | Limestone from Thorntonhall Mine (Thorntonhall Lime Works) three miles west of East Kilbride. | P527766 |
| Hand specimen: | Limestone from Newbigging Limestone Mine, Nine Lums, Burntisland, Fifeshire. | P527767 |
| Hand specimen: | Limestone from Cults Quarry and Mine, Cupar, Fifeshire. | P527768 |
| Hand specimen: | Limestone from Lannilane Quarry, Straiton, Ayrshire. | P527769 |
| Hand specimen: | Limestone from Loch Thom, Renfrewshire. | P527770 |
| Hand specimen: | Limestone from Ballachullish, Argyllshire. | P527771 |
| Hand specimen: | Limestone from Dalnatrat, Argyllshire. | P527772 |
| Hand specimen: | Weathered limestone from Balachullish, Argyllshire. | P527773 |
| Hand specimen: | Limestone from Loch Kishorn, Ross and Cromarty. | P527774 |
| Hand specimen: | Nullipore or coralline sand from Dunvegan, Skye, Invernessshire. | P527775 |
| Hand specimen: | Limestone from Elgol, Skye, Invernessshire. | P527776 |
| Hand specimen: | Nullipore sands from Craig, Plockton, Invernessshire. | P527777 |
| Hand specimen: | Limestone from Heast, Skye, Sutherland. | P527778 |
| Hand specimen: | Limestone from Kilmarie, Skye, Invernessshire. | P527779 |
| Hand specimen: | Cyrena Limestone from Elgol, Skye, Invernessshire. | P527780 |
| Hand specimen: | Limestone from Clippens Lime Works, Straiton, Midlothian. | P527784 |
| Hand specimen: | Limestone from the Blair Atholl Limestone Quarry, Perthshire. | P527812 |
| Hand specimen: | Limestone from Glenbuchat, Aberdeenshire. | P527871 |
| Hand specimen: | Limestone from the Lismore Limestone Quarry on Eilean nan Caorach, Lismore, Argyllshire. | P527877 |
| Hand specimen: | Loch Tay Limestone from Glendaruel House, Argyllshire. | P527878 |
| Hand specimen: | Ballachulish Limestone from a quarry at Tom an Aoil, Spean Bridge, Invernessshire. | P527879 |
| Hand specimen: | Limestone from Lismore, Argyllshire. | P527880 |
| Hand specimen: | Limestone from Swordle, Ardnamurchan, Argyllshire. | P527881 |
| Hand specimen: | Limestone fron Broadland Quarry, between Drumdelgie and Broadland, Aberdeenshire. | P527882 |
| Hand specimen: | Limestone from Portsoy Marble Quarry, Banffshire. | P527883 |
| Hand specimen: | Limestone from Largie, Aberdeenshire. | P527884 |
| Hand specimen: | Limestone from Goukstone Quarry near Keith, Banffshire. | P527885 |
| Hand specimen: | Limestone from Loch Clunie, Perthshire. | P527886 |
| Hand specimen: | Cornstone from Linksfield Quarry, Morayshire. | P527887 |
| Hand specimen: | Limestone from Randerston, near Fife Ness, Fifeshire. | P527888 |
| Hand specimen: | Cornstone from Huntley Hill, Brechin, Angus. | P527889 |
| Hand specimen: | Limestone from Petershill Reservoir, West Lothian. | P528153 |
