Continental hydrogeological maps of Africa - Revision history

Beod: /* List of Maps covering Africa alone */

2022-07-08T07:59:41Z

List of Maps covering Africa alone

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	\|Transboundary aquifers of Africa \|\|2018 \|\| \|\|IGRAC and UNESCO-IHP \|\|GIS; pdf \|\|View digital version in [http://tbamap.un-igrac.org IGRAC portal]; View [https://www.un-igrac.org/sites/default/files/resources/files/TBAmap_Africa_2016.pdf pdf version].		\|Transboundary aquifers of Africa \|\|2018 \|\| \|\|IGRAC and UNESCO-IHP \|\|GIS; pdf \|\|View digital version in [http://tbamap.un-igrac.org IGRAC portal]; View [https://www.un-igrac.org/sites/default/files/resources/files/TBAmap_Africa_2016.pdf pdf version].
	\|-		\|-
	\|Transboundary Aquifer Map for Africa \|\|2013 \|\| [https://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/ IWMI] \|\| \|\|View low resolution image at [https://wle.cgiar.org/content/transboundary-aquifer-map-africa CGIAR] \|\| The map is described in detail in this [http://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/Publications/Other/PDF/transboundary_aquifer_mapping_and_management_in_africa.pdf report]		\|Transboundary Aquifer Map for Africa \|\|2013 \|\| \|\|[https://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/ IWMI] \|\|View low resolution image at [https://wle.cgiar.org/content/transboundary-aquifer-map-africa CGIAR] \|\| The map is described in detail in this [http://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/Publications/Other/PDF/transboundary_aquifer_mapping_and_management_in_africa.pdf report]

	\|-		\|-
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	\|[[#Africa,_Major_Hydrogeological_Formations\| Major Hydrogeological Formations (after Geological Map of Africa, 1:5,000,000)]] \|\|1988\|\|1:5 million \|\| United Nations\|\| \|\|View scanned image at [https://services.bgr.de/whymap/whymis WHYMIS]		\|[[#Africa,_Major_Hydrogeological_Formations\| Major Hydrogeological Formations (after Geological Map of Africa, 1:5,000,000)]] \|\|1988\|\|1:5 million \|\| United Nations\|\| \|\|View scanned image at [https://services.bgr.de/whymap/whymis WHYMIS]
	\|}		\|}




	==List of Maps of the World that include Africa==		==List of Maps of the World that include Africa==

Beod at 11:46, 4 March 2022

2022-03-04T11:46:46Z

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	This page provides information on groundwater and hydrogeological maps that cover the whole continent of Africa. ~~Here~~ are two lists ~~providing~~ summary information, first on continental scale maps that cover Africa alone, and then on global scale maps that include Africa. Below this are more details of selected key maps. The maps are all listed in reverse order of age, with newest maps first.		This page provides information on groundwater and hydrogeological maps that cover the whole continent of Africa, with links to where they can be accessed online if available. There are two lists with summary information: first on continental scale maps that cover Africa alone, and then on global scale maps that include Africa. Below this are more details of selected key maps. The maps are all listed in reverse order of age, with newest maps first.

	If you know of maps that aren't described here but should be, please let us know! Email us: AfricaGWAtlas@bgs.ac.uk		If you know of maps that aren't described here but should be, please let us know! Email us: AfricaGWAtlas@bgs.ac.uk

Beod at 10:33, 1 March 2022

2022-03-01T10:33:34Z

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	* Special groundwater features, including known areas of saline groundwater, natural groundwater discharge areas in arid regions, areas of known groundwater over abstraction, and areas of groundwater mining.		* Special groundwater features, including known areas of saline groundwater, natural groundwater discharge areas in arid regions, areas of known groundwater over abstraction, and areas of groundwater mining.
	* Additional hydrological features (major rivers and lakes) and selected cities including those largely dependent on groundwater		* Additional hydrological features (major rivers and lakes) and selected cities including those largely dependent on groundwater

			====Purpose, uses and limitations of the map====

			The map was designed to be used as a planning tool to support the long term sustainable development and management of groundwater resources in Africa. The information on the map supports integrated management of water resources at regional level, and allows for further specific analysis, such as assessing the potential vulnerability of groundwater resources to pollution or to changes in groundwater recharge due to global climate change.

	====How the map was developed====		====How the map was developed====

	The map was developed within WHYMAP (the World-wide Hydrogeological Mapping and Assessment Programme), a joint consortium programme whose objective is to summarise groundwater information on a global scale in map form. The first edition of the map was published in 2008. A second edition was produced for the 7th Africa Water Week in Libreville, Gabon, in 2018. It contains hydrogeological sections of regional aquifers as well as regional and transboundary hydrogeological surface information on the composition of geological units and their respective groundwater yield. Recharge was estimated for WHYMAP by University of Frankfurt, derived from the global hydrological model WaterGAP, the Global Runoff Data Centre (GRDC), the Global Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC), as well as numerous international experts and institutes. The map legend uses the International Standard Legend for Hydrogeological Maps (SLHyM) and a harmonisation methodology developed on the basis of the International Hydrogeological Map of Europe (IHME1500).		The map was developed within WHYMAP (the World-wide Hydrogeological Mapping and Assessment Programme), a joint consortium programme whose objective is to summarise groundwater information on a global scale in map form. The first edition of the map was published in 2008. A second edition was produced for the 7th Africa Water Week in Libreville, Gabon, in 2018. It contains hydrogeological sections of regional aquifers as well as regional and transboundary hydrogeological surface information on the composition of geological units and their respective groundwater yield. Recharge was estimated for WHYMAP by University of Frankfurt, derived from the global hydrological model WaterGAP, the Global Runoff Data Centre (GRDC), the Global Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC), as well as numerous international experts and institutes. The map legend uses the International Standard Legend for Hydrogeological Maps (SLHyM) and a harmonisation methodology developed on the basis of the International Hydrogeological Map of Europe (IHME1500).

	~~====Purpose, uses and limitations of the map====~~

	The map was designed to be used as a planning tool to support the long term sustainable development and management of groundwater resources in Africa. The information on the map supports integrated management of water resources at regional level, and allows for further specific analysis, such as assessing the potential vulnerability of groundwater resources to pollution or to changes in groundwater recharge due to global climate change.

	====Links====		====Links====
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	* Groundwater storage: 6 categories based on water depth in mm, from 0 to >50,000 mm.		* Groundwater storage: 6 categories based on water depth in mm, from 0 to >50,000 mm.
	* Depth to groundwater: 6 categories from <7 to >250 m.		* Depth to groundwater: 6 categories from <7 to >250 m.

			====Purpose, uses and limitations of the maps====

			These maps were developed primarily to highlight areas in Africa that are more likely to be resilient to climate change, and areas where sufficient groundwater resources may be available to help adaptation to climate change. They were developed using the best available data at a continental scale for Africa. An assessment of confidence levels for the maps was made based on the availability and spatial distribution of the hydrogeological maps and reviewed groundwater studies from which hydrogeological information was obtained. For much of eastern and southern Africa, both good quality national hydrogeological maps and information from many individual groundwater studies are available. The lack of good quality hydrogeological maps in North and West Africa is compensated for by the availability of many individual studies, which vary from local to regional scale. In Central Africa, however, both maps and study information are scarce.

	====How the maps were developed====		====How the maps were developed====
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	Interim internal maps were also produced in GIS showing aquifer flow and storage type (with 5 categories: intergranular, fracture, mixed intergranular and fracture, karst, and fracture/weathered), and aquifer saturated thickness (with 4 categories from <25 m to >250 m).		Interim internal maps were also produced in GIS showing aquifer flow and storage type (with 5 categories: intergranular, fracture, mixed intergranular and fracture, karst, and fracture/weathered), and aquifer saturated thickness (with 4 categories from <25 m to >250 m).

	~~====Purpose, uses and limitations of the maps====~~

	These maps were developed primarily to highlight areas in Africa that are more likely to be resilient to climate change, and areas where sufficient groundwater resources may be available to help adaptation to climate change. They were developed using the best available data at a continental scale for Africa. An assessment of confidence levels for the maps was made based on the availability and spatial distribution of the hydrogeological maps and reviewed groundwater studies from which hydrogeological information was obtained. For much of eastern and southern Africa, both good quality national hydrogeological maps and information from many individual groundwater studies are available. The lack of good quality hydrogeological maps in North and West Africa is compensated for by the availability of many individual studies, which vary from local to regional scale. In Central Africa, however, both maps and study information are scarce.

	====Links====		====Links====

Beod: /* Carte hydrogéologique de l'Afrique */

2022-03-01T10:24:59Z

Carte hydrogéologique de l'Afrique

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	====How the map was developed====		====How the map was developed====

	An initial digital map at 1:10,000,000 was produced in GIS in 2003-2005 through “SIG Afrique”, a geological information network involving eleven African countries and BRGM. In 2008, after a validation workshop with several international experts, the map was published with funding from the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs. It was developed by combining two categories of information (geological data and water recharge indicators) to locate and estimate the scale of water resources in outcropping geological formations. It identifies potential aquifers and their groundwater potential depending on their inferred porosity and on the climatic zone as shown by the estimated recharge. An updated version was published in 2016, in parallel with an updated edition of the underlying 1:10,000,000 scale geological map (Thiéblemont et al. 2016).		An initial digital map at 1:10,000,000 was produced in GIS in 2003-2005 through “SIG Afrique”, a geological information network involving eleven African countries and BRGM. In 2008, after a validation workshop with several international experts, the map was published with funding from the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs. It was developed by combining two categories of information (geological data and water recharge indicators) to locate and estimate the scale of water resources in outcropping geological formations. It identifies potential aquifers and their groundwater potential depending on their inferred porosity and on the climatic zone as shown by the estimated recharge. An updated version was published in 2016, in parallel with an updated edition of the underlying 1:10,000,000 scale geological map ([https://www.researchgate.net/publication/312026966_Geological_map_of_Africa_at_110M_scale_CGMW-BRGM_2016 Thiéblemont et al. 2016]).

	====Links====		====Links====

Beod: /* Carte hydrogéologique de l'Afrique */

2022-03-01T10:24:24Z

Carte hydrogéologique de l'Afrique

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	===Carte hydrogéologique de l'Afrique===		===Carte hydrogéologique de l'Afrique===

	BRGM. 2008. [https://www.brgm.fr/fr/reference-projet-acheve/carte-hydrogeologique-afrique Carte hydrogéologique de l’Afrique]. 1:10,000,000.		BRGM. 2008/2016. [https://www.brgm.fr/fr/reference-projet-acheve/carte-hydrogeologique-afrique Carte hydrogéologique de l’Afrique]. 1:10,000,000.

	[[File:CarteHGQAfrique.JPG \| 400px \| center]]		[[File:CarteHGQAfrique.JPG \| 400px \| center]]

Beod: /* Carte hydrogéologique de l'Afrique */

2022-03-01T10:24:09Z

Carte hydrogéologique de l'Afrique

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	====How the map was developed====		====How the map was developed====

	An initial digital map at 1:10,000,000 was produced in GIS in 2003-2005 through “SIG Afrique”, a geological information network involving eleven African countries and BRGM. In 2008, after a validation workshop with several international experts, the map was published with funding from the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs. It was developed by combining two categories of information (geological data and water recharge indicators) to locate and estimate the scale of water resources in outcropping geological formations. It identifies potential aquifers and their groundwater potential depending on their inferred porosity and on the climatic zone as shown by the estimated recharge.		An initial digital map at 1:10,000,000 was produced in GIS in 2003-2005 through “SIG Afrique”, a geological information network involving eleven African countries and BRGM. In 2008, after a validation workshop with several international experts, the map was published with funding from the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs. It was developed by combining two categories of information (geological data and water recharge indicators) to locate and estimate the scale of water resources in outcropping geological formations. It identifies potential aquifers and their groundwater potential depending on their inferred porosity and on the climatic zone as shown by the estimated recharge. An updated version was published in 2016, in parallel with an updated edition of the underlying 1:10,000,000 scale geological map (Thiéblemont et al. 2016).

	====Links====		====Links====
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	More details of map development can be seen in this [https://www.yumpu.com/fr/document/read/16786946/carte-hydrogeologique-de-lafrique-a-lechelle-du-1-10-m-sig-afrique presentation from the SiGAfrique project].		More details of map development can be seen in this [https://www.yumpu.com/fr/document/read/16786946/carte-hydrogeologique-de-lafrique-a-lechelle-du-1-10-m-sig-afrique presentation from the SiGAfrique project].

			Information on [https://www.brgm.fr/en/reference-completed-project/new-edition-110000000-geological-map-africa the new edition of the 1:10,000,000 scale geological map]; it can be viewed in [http://portal.onegeology.org/OnegeologyGlobal/ OneGeology] and [https://www.brgm.fr/sites/default/files/documents/2020-12/reference-nouvelle-edition-carte-geologique-afrique-carte.pdf downloaded as a pdf] (large file) ([https://www.researchgate.net/publication/312026966_Geological_map_of_Africa_at_110M_scale_CGMW-BRGM_2016 Thiéblemont et al. 2016]).

	===International Hydrogeological Map of Africa / Carte Hydrogeologique Internationale de l’Afrique===		===International Hydrogeological Map of Africa / Carte Hydrogeologique Internationale de l’Afrique===

Beod at 10:06, 1 March 2022

2022-03-01T10:06:57Z

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	\|[[#Africa,_Major_Hydrogeological_Formations\| Major Hydrogeological Formations (after Geological Map of Africa, 1:5,000,000)]] \|\|1988\|\|1:5 million \|\| United Nations\|\| \|\|View scanned image at [https://services.bgr.de/whymap/whymis WHYMIS]		\|[[#Africa,_Major_Hydrogeological_Formations\| Major Hydrogeological Formations (after Geological Map of Africa, 1:5,000,000)]] \|\|1988\|\|1:5 million \|\| United Nations\|\| \|\|View scanned image at [https://services.bgr.de/whymap/whymis WHYMIS]
	\|}		\|}




	==List of Maps of the World that include Africa==		==List of Maps of the World that include Africa==
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	\|Groundwater resources of the world \|\|2008 \|\|1:25 million & 1:40 million \|\| \|\|WHYMAP \|\|Vector shapefile; webmap service; view online; pdf poster; printed map\|\|[https://download.bgr.de/bgr/grundwasser/whymap/shp/WHYMAP_GWR_v1.zip Download shapefile or poster pdf]; [https://services.bgr.de/wms/grundwasser/whymap_gwr/? web map service]; view online on [https://services.bgr.de/whymap/gwr WHYMAP Viewer] or [http://tbamap.un-igrac.org IGRAC online portal]; for a printed copy contact whymap@bgr.de		\|Groundwater resources of the world \|\|2008 \|\|1:25 million & 1:40 million \|\| \|\|WHYMAP \|\|Vector shapefile; webmap service; view online; pdf poster; printed map\|\|[https://download.bgr.de/bgr/grundwasser/whymap/shp/WHYMAP_GWR_v1.zip Download shapefile or poster pdf]; [https://services.bgr.de/wms/grundwasser/whymap_gwr/? web map service]; view online on [https://services.bgr.de/whymap/gwr WHYMAP Viewer] or [http://tbamap.un-igrac.org IGRAC online portal]; for a printed copy contact whymap@bgr.de
	\|}		\|}

Beod: /* List of Maps covering Africa alone */

2022-03-01T10:06:34Z

List of Maps covering Africa alone

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:06, 1 March 2022
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	\|Map Title \|\| Date \|\|Scale \|\|Publishing Organisation \|\|Format\|\|Where to find		\|Map Title \|\| Date \|\|Scale \|\|Publishing Organisation \|\|Format\|\|Where to find
	\|-		\|-
	\|[[Groundwater recharge for Africa]] \|\|2021 \|\| \|\|BGS \|\|Pdf image in article \|\|The map is presented and described in detail in [https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/abd661/pdf MacDonald et al. 2021].		\|Groundwater recharge for Africa \|\|2021 \|\| \|\|BGS \|\|Pdf image in article \|\|The map is presented and described in detail in [https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/abd661/pdf MacDonald et al. 2021].
	\|-		\|-
	\|[[#Groundwater_Resources_Map_of_Africa \| Groundwater resources map of Africa]] \|\|2018 \|\| \|\|BGR / WHYMAP \|\|Paper , pdf\|\|View scanned map, with marginalia, at [https://www.whymap.org/whymap/EN/Maps_Data/Additional_maps/gwrm_africa-2018_g.html WHYMAP].		\|[[#Groundwater_Resources_Map_of_Africa \| Groundwater resources map of Africa]] \|\|2018 \|\| \|\|BGR / WHYMAP \|\|Paper , pdf\|\|View scanned map, with marginalia, at [https://www.whymap.org/whymap/EN/Maps_Data/Additional_maps/gwrm_africa-2018_g.html WHYMAP].

Beod: /* List of Maps covering Africa alone */

2022-03-01T10:06:03Z

List of Maps covering Africa alone

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:06, 1 March 2022
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	This lists maps that cover the whole continent of Africa, but no other area. They are listed in reverse order of age.		This lists maps that cover the whole continent of Africa, but no other area. They are listed in reverse order of age.
			Some of these are 'traditional' style hydrogeological maps, showing an assessment of groundwater resource potential that can be based on various hydrogeological parameters. Others are 'thematic' maps that highlight particular aspects of groundwater, such as recharge or transboundary aquifers.


	{\| class = "wikitable"		{\| class = "wikitable"
	\|Map Title \|\| Date \|\|Scale \|\|Publishing Organisation \|\|Format\|\|Where to find		\|Map Title \|\| Date \|\|Scale \|\|Publishing Organisation \|\|Format\|\|Where to find
			\|-
			\|[[Groundwater recharge for Africa]] \|\|2021 \|\| \|\|BGS \|\|Pdf image in article \|\|The map is presented and described in detail in [https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/abd661/pdf MacDonald et al. 2021].
	\|-		\|-
	\|[[#Groundwater_Resources_Map_of_Africa \| Groundwater resources map of Africa]] \|\|2018 \|\| \|\|BGR / WHYMAP \|\|Paper , pdf\|\|View scanned map, with marginalia, at [https://www.whymap.org/whymap/EN/Maps_Data/Additional_maps/gwrm_africa-2018_g.html WHYMAP].		\|[[#Groundwater_Resources_Map_of_Africa \| Groundwater resources map of Africa]] \|\|2018 \|\| \|\|BGR / WHYMAP \|\|Paper , pdf\|\|View scanned map, with marginalia, at [https://www.whymap.org/whymap/EN/Maps_Data/Additional_maps/gwrm_africa-2018_g.html WHYMAP].

Beod: /* Groundwater Resources Map of Africa */

2022-02-28T14:48:45Z

Groundwater Resources Map of Africa

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:48, 28 February 2022
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	An image of the 2008 edition of the printed map is available to view at [https://www.deutsche-rohstoffagentur.de/whymap/EN/Maps_Data/Additional_maps/gwrm_africa_g.html WHYMAP].		An image of the 2008 edition of the printed map is available to view at [https://www.deutsche-rohstoffagentur.de/whymap/EN/Maps_Data/Additional_maps/gwrm_africa_g.html WHYMAP].


	===Quantitative Digital Groundwater Maps of Africa===		===Quantitative Digital Groundwater Maps of Africa===