Groundwater use - Revision history

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Citations and links to further information

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	CIESEN, IFPRI, The World Bank, and CIAT. 2011. [https://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/collection/grump-v1 Global Rural-Urban Mapping Project, Version 1 (GRUMPV1): Urban Extents Grid]. Palisades, NY: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Centre (SEDAC). Accessed 30th October 2014.		CIESEN, IFPRI, The World Bank, and CIAT. 2011. [https://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/collection/grump-v1 Global Rural-Urban Mapping Project, Version 1 (GRUMPV1): Urban Extents Grid]. Palisades, NY: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Centre (SEDAC). Accessed 30th October 2014.

	''Note: this dataset was produced by the Centre for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN) at Columbia University, the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), the World Bank, and the Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT). It is based on a combination of population counts, settlement points, and the presence of night-time lights as observed by a series of US Department of Defence meteorological satellites over several decades.''		''Note: this dataset was produced by the Centre for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN) at Columbia University, the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), the World Bank, and the Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT). It is based on a combination of population counts, settlement points, and the presence of night-time lights as observed by a series of US Department of Defence meteorological satellites over several decades.''

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	Seibert, S, Burke, J, Faures, J M, Frenken, K, Hoogeveen, J, Doll, P, and Portmann, F T. 2010. [https://www.fao.org/docrep/013/al816e/al816e00.pdf Groundwater use for irrigation - a global inventory]. Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 14, 1863-1880. doi: 10.5194/hess-14-1863-2010.		Seibert, S, Burke, J, Faures, J M, Frenken, K, Hoogeveen, J, Doll, P, and Portmann, F T. 2010. [https://www.fao.org/docrep/013/al816e/al816e00.pdf Groundwater use for irrigation - a global inventory]. Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 14, 1863-1880. doi: 10.5194/hess-14-1863-2010.

	UNEP/GRID. 2004. African Population Distribution Database. UNEP GRID Sioux Falls.		UNEP/GRID. 2004. African Population Distribution Database. UNEP GRID Sioux Falls.

	''Note: the [https://na.unep.net/siouxfalls/datasets/datalist.php African Population Distribution Database] was retrieved on 29 October 2014, but is currently not available. Information on UNEP's population datasets is available at https://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/database/index.shtml''		''Note: the [https://na.unep.net/siouxfalls/datasets/datalist.php African Population Distribution Database] was retrieved on 29 October 2014, but is currently not available. Information on UNEP's population datasets is available at https://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/database/index.shtml''

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Citations and links to further information

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	Balk, D L, Deichmann, U, Yetman, G, Pozzi, F, Hay, S I, and Nelson, A. 2006. [https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0065-308X(05)62004-0 Determining Global Population Distribution: Methods, Applications and Data]. Advances in Parasitology, Vol. 62, 119–156. doi:10.1016/S0065-308X(05)62004-0.		Balk, D L, Deichmann, U, Yetman, G, Pozzi, F, Hay, S I, and Nelson, A. 2006. [https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0065-308X(05)62004-0 Determining Global Population Distribution: Methods, Applications and Data]. Advances in Parasitology, Vol. 62, 119–156. doi:10.1016/S0065-308X(05)62004-0.

	*CIESEN, IFPRI, The World Bank, and CIAT. 2011. [https://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/collection/grump-v1 Global Rural-Urban Mapping Project, Version 1 (GRUMPV1): Urban Extents Grid]. Palisades, NY: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Centre (SEDAC). Accessed 30th October 2014.		CIESEN, IFPRI, The World Bank, and CIAT. 2011. [https://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/collection/grump-v1 Global Rural-Urban Mapping Project, Version 1 (GRUMPV1): Urban Extents Grid]. Palisades, NY: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Centre (SEDAC). Accessed 30th October 2014.
	''Note: this dataset was produced by the Centre for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN) at Columbia University, the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), the World Bank, and the Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT). It is based on a combination of population counts, settlement points, and the presence of night-time lights as observed by a series of US Department of Defence meteorological satellites over several decades.''		''Note: this dataset was produced by the Centre for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN) at Columbia University, the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), the World Bank, and the Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT). It is based on a combination of population counts, settlement points, and the presence of night-time lights as observed by a series of US Department of Defence meteorological satellites over several decades.''

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Citations and links to further information

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	===Citations and links to further information===		===Citations and links to further information===

	Balk, D L, Deichmann, U, Yetman, G, Pozzi, F, Hay, S I, and Nelson, A. 2006. [~~http~~://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0065-308X(05)62004-0 Determining Global Population Distribution: Methods, Applications and Data]. Advances in Parasitology, Vol. 62, 119–156. doi:10.1016/S0065-308X(05)62004-0.		Balk, D L, Deichmann, U, Yetman, G, Pozzi, F, Hay, S I, and Nelson, A. 2006. [https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0065-308X(05)62004-0 Determining Global Population Distribution: Methods, Applications and Data]. Advances in Parasitology, Vol. 62, 119–156. doi:10.1016/S0065-308X(05)62004-0.

	*CIESEN, IFPRI, The World Bank, and CIAT. 2011. [~~http~~://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/collection/grump-v1 Global Rural-Urban Mapping Project, Version 1 (GRUMPV1): Urban Extents Grid]. Palisades, NY: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Centre (SEDAC). Accessed 30th October 2014.		*CIESEN, IFPRI, The World Bank, and CIAT. 2011. [https://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/collection/grump-v1 Global Rural-Urban Mapping Project, Version 1 (GRUMPV1): Urban Extents Grid]. Palisades, NY: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Centre (SEDAC). Accessed 30th October 2014.
	Note: this dataset was produced by the Centre for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN) at Columbia University, the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), the World Bank, and the Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT). It is based on a combination of population counts, settlement points, and the presence of night-time lights as observed by a series of US Department of Defence meteorological satellites over several decades.		''Note: this dataset was produced by the Centre for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN) at Columbia University, the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), the World Bank, and the Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT). It is based on a combination of population counts, settlement points, and the presence of night-time lights as observed by a series of US Department of Defence meteorological satellites over several decades.''

	MacDonald, A M, Davies, J. 2000. [~~http~~://nora.nerc.ac.uk/501047/ A brief review of groundwater for rural water supply in sub-Saharan Africa]. British Geological Survey Technical Report, WC/00/033.		MacDonald, A M, Davies, J. 2000. [https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/501047/ A brief review of groundwater for rural water supply in sub-Saharan Africa]. British Geological Survey Technical Report, WC/00/033.

	Seibert, S, Burke, J, Faures, J M, Frenken, K, Hoogeveen, J, Doll, P, and Portmann, F T. 2010. [~~http~~://www.fao.org/docrep/013/al816e/al816e00.pdf Groundwater use for irrigation - a global inventory]. Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 14, 1863-1880. doi: 10.5194/hess-14-1863-2010.		Seibert, S, Burke, J, Faures, J M, Frenken, K, Hoogeveen, J, Doll, P, and Portmann, F T. 2010. [https://www.fao.org/docrep/013/al816e/al816e00.pdf Groundwater use for irrigation - a global inventory]. Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 14, 1863-1880. doi: 10.5194/hess-14-1863-2010.

	UNEP/GRID. 2004. African Population Distribution Database. UNEP GRID Sioux Falls.		UNEP/GRID. 2004. African Population Distribution Database. UNEP GRID Sioux Falls.
	Note: the [~~http~~://na.unep.net/siouxfalls/datasets/datalist.php African Population Distribution Database] was retrieved on 29 October 2014, but is currently not available. Information on UNEP's population datasets is available at ~~http~~://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/database/index.shtml		''Note: the [https://na.unep.net/siouxfalls/datasets/datalist.php African Population Distribution Database] was retrieved on 29 October 2014, but is currently not available. Information on UNEP's population datasets is available at https://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/database/index.shtml''

Dbk: Removed protection from "Groundwater use"

2020-04-14T08:33:35Z

Removed protection from "Groundwater use"

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(No difference)

Beod at 10:36, 2 July 2019

2019-07-02T10:36:23Z

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	[[Africa Groundwater Atlas Home \| Africa Groundwater Atlas]] >> [[Additional resources \| Resource pages]] >> [[Groundwater Management \| Groundwater management and use]] >> Groundwater use in Africa		[[Africa Groundwater Atlas Home \| Africa Groundwater Atlas]] >> [[Additional resources \| Resource pages]] >> [[Groundwater Management \| Groundwater management and use]] >> Groundwater use in Africa

			Please cite page as: Africa Groundwater Atlas. 2019. Groundwater use in Africa. British Geological Survey. Accessed [date you accessed the information]. Weblink.

	==What is groundwater in Africa used for?==		==What is groundwater in Africa used for?==
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	[[Africa Groundwater Atlas Home \| Africa Groundwater Atlas]] >> [[Additional resources \| Resource pages]] >> [[Groundwater Management \| Groundwater management and use]]		[[Africa Groundwater Atlas Home \| Africa Groundwater Atlas]] >> [[Additional resources \| Resource pages]] >> [[Groundwater Management \| Groundwater management and use]] >> Groundwater use in Africa


	[[Category:Additional resources]]		[[Category:Additional resources]]
	[[Category:Africa Groundwater Atlas]]		[[Category:Africa Groundwater Atlas]]

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	===[https://washdata.org/ ~~'''~~JMP~~'''~~] - WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation===		===[https://washdata.org/ JMP] - WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation===

	The [https://washdata.org/ WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation] works to monitor progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It focuses on drinking water, and does not include any data on agricultural (including irrigation) or industrial water use.		The [https://washdata.org/ WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation] works to monitor progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It focuses on drinking water, and does not include any data on agricultural (including irrigation) or industrial water use.

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	AQUASTAT is based on the best available data and analysis techniques, but how comprehensive and accurate it is depends on the data collected and reported by third parties. There are a number of data gaps for many countries, and these gaps are often worse for groundwater than for surface water, because groundwater use is more difficult to measure directly than surface water use. AQUASTAT uses [http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/water_use_agr/index.stm modelling] to fill in some of these data gaps. It should be recognised that these modelled data may not be accurate.		AQUASTAT is based on the best available data and analysis techniques, but how comprehensive and accurate it is depends on the data collected and reported by third parties. There are a number of data gaps for many countries, and these gaps are often worse for groundwater than for surface water, because groundwater use is more difficult to measure directly than surface water use. AQUASTAT uses [http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/water_use_agr/index.stm modelling] to fill in some of these data gaps. It should be recognised that these modelled data may not be accurate.

	~~Some~~ FAO AQUASTAT groundwater and other water statistics ~~are included in~~ the Atlas country pages. These statistics provide a very useful overview of the extent of groundwater resources and use in each country~~, allowing comparison~~ between countries and between groundwater and surface water resources. However, ~~it should be recognised that the~~ statistics are not comprehensive: in part because there are significant gaps in available data on groundwater use in many countries; and in part because AQUASTAT does not include data on private domestic water use, which is the main use of groundwater in most African countries. ~~You can read more~~ information about ~~this~~, ~~and~~ explanations of the AQUASTAT ~~variables presented~~ in ~~the~~ Atlas, in this [[FAO AQUASTAT Information \| '''FAO AQUASTAT information page''']].		You can see some of the FAO AQUASTAT groundwater and other water statistics on the Atlas country pages. These statistics provide a very useful overview of the extent of groundwater resources and use in each country. They allow us to compare between countries, and between groundwater and surface water resources. However, these statistics are not comprehensive: in part because there are significant gaps in available data on groundwater use in many countries; and in part because AQUASTAT largely does not include data on private domestic water use - which is the main use of groundwater in most African countries.

			More information and background about FAO AQUASTAT, including explanations of the AQUASTAT statistics that are used in this Atlas, are on this [[FAO AQUASTAT Information \| '''FAO AQUASTAT information page''']].

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Citations and links to further information

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	Note: this dataset was produced by the Centre for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN) at Columbia University, the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), the World Bank, and the Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT). It is based on a combination of population counts, settlement points, and the presence of night-time lights as observed by a series of US Department of Defence meteorological satellites over several decades.		Note: this dataset was produced by the Centre for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN) at Columbia University, the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), the World Bank, and the Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT). It is based on a combination of population counts, settlement points, and the presence of night-time lights as observed by a series of US Department of Defence meteorological satellites over several decades.

	MacDonald, A M, Davies, J. 2000. [http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/501047/ A brief review of groundwater for rural water supply in sub-Saharan Africa]. British Geological Survey Technical Report, WC/00/033 ~~(Unpublished)~~.		MacDonald, A M, Davies, J. 2000. [http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/501047/ A brief review of groundwater for rural water supply in sub-Saharan Africa]. British Geological Survey Technical Report, WC/00/033.

	Seibert, S, Burke, J, Faures, J M, Frenken, K, Hoogeveen, J, Doll, P, and Portmann, F T. 2010. [http://www.fao.org/docrep/013/al816e/al816e00.pdf Groundwater use for irrigation - a global inventory]. Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 14, 1863-1880. doi: 10.5194/hess-14-1863-2010.		Seibert, S, Burke, J, Faures, J M, Frenken, K, Hoogeveen, J, Doll, P, and Portmann, F T. 2010. [http://www.fao.org/docrep/013/al816e/al816e00.pdf Groundwater use for irrigation - a global inventory]. Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 14, 1863-1880. doi: 10.5194/hess-14-1863-2010.

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	Because most of the rural population of Africa depends on groundwater, the density of rural population can be a useful surrogate for groundwater use. [http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/501047/ MacDonald and Davis (2000)] assessed the relative importance, in terms of groundwater use, of the four main hydrogeological provinces (aquifer types) in sub-Saharan Africa, based on estimates of the rural population living in each one. They estimated that up to 220 million people live in rural areas on Precambrian basement, 45 million on volcanic rocks, 110 million on consolidated sedimentary rocks, and 60 million on unconsolidated sediments in sub-Saharan Africa. most of these people are likely to be dependent on groundwater for much of their water supply.		Because most of the rural population of Africa depends on groundwater, the density of rural population can be a useful surrogate for groundwater use. [http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/501047/ MacDonald and Davis (2000)] assessed the relative importance, in terms of groundwater use, of the four main hydrogeological provinces (aquifer types) in sub-Saharan Africa, based on estimates of the rural population living in each one. They estimated that up to 220 million people live in rural areas on Precambrian basement, 45 million on volcanic rocks, 110 million on consolidated sedimentary rocks, and 60 million on unconsolidated sediments in sub-Saharan Africa. most of these people are likely to be dependent on groundwater for much of their water supply.

	This assessment has been extended over the whole of Africa and re-calculated based on the updated [[Hydrogeology Map\| hydrogeology map of Africa]] developed by BGS. Gridded datasets of population (~~from UNEP~~/~~GRID African Population Distribution Database 4th Edition~~) and urban ~~extent (Balk et al., 2006),from the [http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/collection/grump-v1 Global Rural-Urban Mapping Project] (GRUMP) Urban Extents Grid V1)~~ across Africa were processed to provide an estimate of the number of people living on each main aquifer type, and what proportion of this population lives in rural and urban areas.		This assessment has been extended over the whole of Africa and re-calculated based on the updated [[Hydrogeology Map\| hydrogeology map of Africa]] developed by BGS. Gridded datasets of population (total and rural/urban) and the extent of urban areas across Africa were processed to provide an estimate of the number of people living on each main aquifer type, and what proportion of this population lives in rural and urban areas (UNEP/GRID; Balk et al. 2006; CIESEN, IFPRI, The World Bank, and CIAT 2011).

	The study estimated rural populations on each of the main aquifer types of:		The study estimated rural populations on each of the main aquifer types of:
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	[[File: GroundwaterUse.png \| 510x200px \| right \| thumb \| Gridded datasets - population and rural/urban areas - used to approximate groundwater use by aquifer type]]		[[File: GroundwaterUse.png \| 510x200px \| right \| thumb \| Gridded datasets - population and rural/urban areas - used to approximate groundwater use by aquifer type]]

	The [http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/collection/grump-v1 Global Rural-Urban Mapping Project] (GRUMP) Urban Extents Grid V1) dataset was produced by the Centre for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN) at Columbia University, the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), the World Bank, and the Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT). It is based on a combination of population counts, settlement points, and the presence of night-time lights as observed by a series of US Department of Defence meteorological satellites over several decades.

	===Citations and links to further information===		===Citations and links to further information===
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	Balk, D L, Deichmann, U, Yetman, G, Pozzi, F, Hay, S I, and Nelson, A. 2006. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0065-308X(05)62004-0 Determining Global Population Distribution: Methods, Applications and Data]. Advances in Parasitology, Vol. 62, 119–156. doi:10.1016/S0065-308X(05)62004-0.		Balk, D L, Deichmann, U, Yetman, G, Pozzi, F, Hay, S I, and Nelson, A. 2006. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0065-308X(05)62004-0 Determining Global Population Distribution: Methods, Applications and Data]. Advances in Parasitology, Vol. 62, 119–156. doi:10.1016/S0065-308X(05)62004-0.

	CIESEN, IFPRI, The World Bank, and CIAT. 2011. [http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/collection/grump-v1 Global Rural-Urban Mapping Project, Version 1 (~~GRUMPv1~~): Urban Extents Grid]. Palisades, NY: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Centre (SEDAC). Accessed 30th October 2014.		*CIESEN, IFPRI, The World Bank, and CIAT. 2011. [http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/collection/grump-v1 Global Rural-Urban Mapping Project, Version 1 (GRUMPV1): Urban Extents Grid]. Palisades, NY: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Centre (SEDAC). Accessed 30th October 2014.
			Note: this dataset was produced by the Centre for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN) at Columbia University, the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), the World Bank, and the Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT). It is based on a combination of population counts, settlement points, and the presence of night-time lights as observed by a series of US Department of Defence meteorological satellites over several decades.

	MacDonald, A M, Davies, J. 2000. [http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/501047/ A brief review of groundwater for rural water supply in sub-Saharan Africa]. British Geological Survey Technical Report, WC/00/033 (Unpublished).		MacDonald, A M, Davies, J. 2000. [http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/501047/ A brief review of groundwater for rural water supply in sub-Saharan Africa]. British Geological Survey Technical Report, WC/00/033 (Unpublished).
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	Seibert, S, Burke, J, Faures, J M, Frenken, K, Hoogeveen, J, Doll, P, and Portmann, F T. 2010. [http://www.fao.org/docrep/013/al816e/al816e00.pdf Groundwater use for irrigation - a global inventory]. Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 14, 1863-1880. doi: 10.5194/hess-14-1863-2010.		Seibert, S, Burke, J, Faures, J M, Frenken, K, Hoogeveen, J, Doll, P, and Portmann, F T. 2010. [http://www.fao.org/docrep/013/al816e/al816e00.pdf Groundwater use for irrigation - a global inventory]. Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 14, 1863-1880. doi: 10.5194/hess-14-1863-2010.

	UNEP/GRID. 2004. African Population Distribution Database. UNEP GRID Sioux Falls. Note: the [http://na.unep.net/siouxfalls/datasets/datalist.php African Population Distribution Database] was retrieved on 29 October 2014, but is currently not available. Information on UNEP's population datasets is available at http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/database/index.shtml		UNEP/GRID. 2004. African Population Distribution Database. UNEP GRID Sioux Falls.
			Note: the [http://na.unep.net/siouxfalls/datasets/datalist.php African Population Distribution Database] was retrieved on 29 October 2014, but is currently not available. Information on UNEP's population datasets is available at http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/database/index.shtml

Beod: /* An estimate of rural groundwater use in Africa using population data */

2019-06-04T13:27:40Z

An estimate of rural groundwater use in Africa using population data

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:27, 4 June 2019
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	====An estimate of ~~rural~~ groundwater ~~use~~ in Africa using population data====		====An estimate of groundwater dependency in rural Africa using population data====

	[[File: GWUse_Popn.png \| 400x250px \| right \| thumb \| Urban and rural population living on: basement rocks (B); consolidated sedimentary rocks in which fracture flow (CSF), intergranular flow (CSI), and fracture and intergranular flow (CSIF) dominate; igneous rocks (I); and unconsolidated sedimentary rocks (U)]]		[[File: GWUse_Popn.png \| 400x250px \| right \| thumb \| Urban and rural population living on: basement rocks (B); consolidated sedimentary rocks in which fracture flow (CSF), intergranular flow (CSI), and fracture and intergranular flow (CSIF) dominate; igneous rocks (I); and unconsolidated sedimentary rocks (U)]]

	Because most of the rural population of Africa depends on groundwater, the density of rural population can be a useful surrogate for groundwater use.		Because most of the rural population of Africa depends on groundwater, the density of rural population can be a useful surrogate for groundwater use. [http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/501047/ MacDonald and Davis (2000)] assessed the relative importance, in terms of groundwater use, of the four main hydrogeological provinces (aquifer types) in sub-Saharan Africa, based on estimates of the rural population living in each one. They estimated that up to 220 million people live in rural areas on Precambrian basement, 45 million on volcanic rocks, 110 million on consolidated sedimentary rocks, and 60 million on unconsolidated sediments in sub-Saharan Africa. most of these people are likely to be dependent on groundwater for much of their water supply.

	[http://~~nora~~.~~nerc~~.ac.uk/~~501047~~/ ~~MacDonald and Davis~~ (~~2000~~)~~] assessed~~ the ~~relative importance, in terms~~ of ~~groundwater use, of the four~~ main ~~hydrogeological provinces in sub-Saharan Africa~~, ~~based on estimates~~ of ~~the rural~~ population ~~living~~ in ~~each one. They estimated that up to 220 million people live on Precambrian basement, 45 million on volcanic rocks, 110 million on consolidated sedimentary rocks,~~ and ~~60 million on unconsolidated sediments in sub-Saharan Africa~~.		This assessment has been extended over the whole of Africa and re-calculated based on the updated [[Hydrogeology Map\| hydrogeology map of Africa]] developed by BGS. Gridded datasets of population (from UNEP/GRID African Population Distribution Database 4th Edition) and urban extent (Balk et al., 2006),from the [http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/collection/grump-v1 Global Rural-Urban Mapping Project] (GRUMP) Urban Extents Grid V1) across Africa were processed to provide an estimate of the number of people living on each main aquifer type, and what proportion of this population lives in rural and urban areas.

	~~This assessment has been extended over the entire continent of Africa, and re-calculated based~~ on ~~the updated [[Hydrogeology Map\| hydrogeology map of Africa]] developed by BGS. Gridded datasets of population and urban extent across Africa were processed to provide an estimate~~ of the ~~number of people living on each~~ main aquifer ~~type, and what proportion of this population lives in rural and urban areas. Details~~ of ~~the datasets are provided below.~~		The study estimated rural populations on each of the main aquifer types of:

	~~The study estimated that:~~		*up to 335 million people living on basement rocks (~30% of the total population of Africa)
			*up to 340 million people living on consolidated sedimentary rocks (~31% of the total population of Africa). )
			*up to 99 million people living on igneous rocks (~9% of the total population of Africa)
			*up to 142 million people living on unconsolidated sedimentary aquifers (~13% of the total population of Africa).

	*up to 335 million people ~~live in rural areas~~ on ~~basement rocks – around 30%~~ of the ~~total population of Africa~~		Most of these people will rely on groundwater for domestic use. On the higher productivity aquifers - many of the consolidated sedimentary rocks and unconsolidated sedimentary aquifers - groundwater may be increasingly being used for more economically productive purposes, including agriculture and industry. Further work is planned to extend this analysis and explore this in more detail.

	*up to 340 million people live in rural areas ~~on consolidated sedimentary rocks – around 31% of the total population of Africa. This can be further subdivided based on the dominant~~ groundwater ~~flow mechanism in the sedimentary aquifers : fracture flow (up to 146 million); intergranular flow (up to 79 million); and mixed fracture and intergranular flow (up to 114 million)~~		[[File: GroundwaterUse.png \| 510x200px \| right \| thumb \| Gridded datasets - population and rural/urban areas - used to approximate groundwater use by aquifer type]]

	*up to 99 million people live in rural areas on igneous rocks – around 9% of the total population of Africa		The [http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/collection/grump-v1 Global Rural-Urban Mapping Project] (GRUMP) Urban Extents Grid V1) dataset was produced by the Centre for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN) at Columbia University, the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), the World Bank, and the Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT). It is based on a combination of population counts, settlement points, and the presence of night-time lights as observed by a series of US Department of Defence meteorological satellites over several decades.

	*up to 142 million people live in rural areas on unconsolidated rocks – around 13% of the total population.

	~~[[File: GroundwaterUse.png \| 510x200px \| right \| thumb \| Gridded datasets - population and rural/urban areas - used to approximate groundwater use by hydrogeological province]]~~

	The gridded population data were derived from the United Nations Environment Programme/Global Resource Information Database (UNEP/GRID) African Population Distribution Database (4th edition). This dataset used population data from 109 000 administrative units across Africa, the most recent of which were compiled for the year 2000. The regional data were gridded using an interpolation method based on settlement locations and transport infrastructure, which helps to distribute the population across an administrative area.

	The ~~gridded rural–urban population data (Balk et al., 2006) were derived from the~~ [http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/collection/grump-v1 Global Rural-Urban Mapping Project] (GRUMP) Urban Extents Grid ~~(v1~~)~~. This~~ dataset was produced by the Centre for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN) at Columbia University, the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), ~~The~~ World Bank, and the Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT). ~~The dataset~~ is based on a combination of population counts, settlement points, and the presence of night-time lights as observed by a series of US Department of Defence meteorological satellites over several decades.

	===Citations and links to further information===		===Citations and links to further information===