Hydrogeology of Burkina Faso - Revision history

LaurenGiles: /* Hydrogeology references */ groundwater quality: burkina faso link

2024-01-22T16:21:54Z

Hydrogeology references: groundwater quality: burkina faso link

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:21, 22 January 2024
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	===Hydrogeology references===		===Hydrogeology references===

	BGS. 2002. ~~Groundwater Quality: Burkina Faso. British Geological Survey.~~ https://~~www~~.~~wateraid~~.~~org~~/~/~~media~~/~~Publications~~/~~groundwater-quality-information-burkina-faso~~.~~pdf~~		BGS. 2002. [https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/516306/ Groundwater Quality: Burkina Faso.] British Geological Survey.

	Bretzler A, Lalanne F, Nikiema J, Podgorski J, Pfenninger N, Berg M and Schirmer M. 2017. [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969717301572?via%3Dihub Groundwater arsenic contamination in Burkina Faso, West Africa: Predicting and verifying regions at risk]. Science of The Total Environment, 584, 958-970.		Bretzler A, Lalanne F, Nikiema J, Podgorski J, Pfenninger N, Berg M and Schirmer M. 2017. [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969717301572?via%3Dihub Groundwater arsenic contamination in Burkina Faso, West Africa: Predicting and verifying regions at risk]. Science of The Total Environment, 584, 958-970.
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	Traoré U. 2019. [https://www.rural-water-supply.net/en/resources/details/875 Challenges of Water Well Drillers & Water Well Drillers Associations: Case Studies of Six Countries (Angola, Burkina Faso, Mozambique, Nigeria, United States of America, and Uganda)]. Skat Foundation and the Rural Water Supply Network, St. Gallen Switzerland, September 2019.		Traoré U. 2019. [https://www.rural-water-supply.net/en/resources/details/875 Challenges of Water Well Drillers & Water Well Drillers Associations: Case Studies of Six Countries (Angola, Burkina Faso, Mozambique, Nigeria, United States of America, and Uganda)]. Skat Foundation and the Rural Water Supply Network, St. Gallen Switzerland, September 2019.

	United Nations. 1988. [https://www2.bgs.ac.uk/africaGroundwaterAtlas/atlas.cfc?method=ViewDetails&id=AGLA060029 Burkina Faso, in Groundwater in North and West Africa]. Natural Resources/Water Series No. 18, ST/TCD/5. Department of Technical Co-operation for Development and Economic Commission for Africa.		United Nations. 1988. [https://www2.bgs.ac.uk/africaGroundwaterAtlas/atlas.cfc?method=ViewDetails&id=AGLA060029 Burkina Faso, in Groundwater in North and West Africa]. Natural Resources/Water Series No. 18, ST/TCD/5. Department of Technical Co-operation for Development and Economic Commission for Africa.

	===General references===		===General references===

LaurenGiles: /* Geology */ corrected typo in table

2023-11-27T10:20:30Z

Geology: corrected typo in table

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	\|		\|
	\|\|Cenozoic		\|\|Cenozoic
	\|\|The Continental Terminal sequence unconformably overlies Proterozoic to Palaeozoic sedimentary dolomites and other formations in the Gondo plain in the north of the country. It consists largely of fluviatile and lacustrine deposits. In the north-west, it comprises a layer of alternating clays and sands 40 m thick; and in the ~~easy~~, a conglomerate-sandstone succession (Castaing et al., 2003b).		\|\|The Continental Terminal sequence unconformably overlies Proterozoic to Palaeozoic sedimentary dolomites and other formations in the Gondo plain in the north of the country. It consists largely of fluviatile and lacustrine deposits. In the north-west, it comprises a layer of alternating clays and sands 40 m thick; and in the east, a conglomerate-sandstone succession (Castaing et al., 2003b).
	\|\|		\|\|
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LaurenGiles: added missing full stop

2023-11-27T10:19:25Z

added missing full stop

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	Burkina Faso is a landlocked, francophone Sahelian country. Gaining independence in 1960 and changing its name from the Republic of Upper Volta in 1984, the country embarked on an ambitious programme of socioeconomic improvement with an autonomist agenda. A public uprising in 2014 and military uprising in 2015 was followed by elections, a new president, the reversal of many previous Marxist policies, and the country becoming a strong ally of the USA and France in West Africa.		Burkina Faso is a landlocked, francophone Sahelian country. Gaining independence in 1960 and changing its name from the Republic of Upper Volta in 1984, the country embarked on an ambitious programme of socioeconomic improvement with an autonomist agenda. A public uprising in 2014 and military uprising in 2015 was followed by elections, a new president, the reversal of many previous Marxist policies, and the country becoming a strong ally of the USA and France in West Africa.

	Burkina Faso has a low GDP and rapid population growth of 3%. Agriculture is the main occupation of most of the population, but now represents only about one third of GDP. Livestock rearing is important across the country, with arable crops particularly in the south and southwest Mineral exports now make up the main export, replacing the previously dominant cotton, including gold, copper, iron and other metals.		Burkina Faso has a low GDP and rapid population growth of 3%. Agriculture is the main occupation of most of the population, but now represents only about one third of GDP. Livestock rearing is important across the country, with arable crops particularly in the south and southwest. Mineral exports now make up the main export, replacing the previously dominant cotton, including gold, copper, iron and other metals.

	Rainfall is highly variable both annually and spatially. Most water needs are met by surface reservoirs, and irrigation by dams has been encouraged by government since 1973. Most of Burkina Faso is underlain by low productivity aquifers, and groundwater use for irrigation is minimal. Although many challenges remain in water services, the state owned water utility (ONEA) has made great improvements over recent decades, with more than 75% of the rural population and more than 97% of the urban population classed as having access to safe drinking water.		Rainfall is highly variable both annually and spatially. Most water needs are met by surface reservoirs, and irrigation by dams has been encouraged by government since 1973. Most of Burkina Faso is underlain by low productivity aquifers, and groundwater use for irrigation is minimal. Although many challenges remain in water services, the state owned water utility (ONEA) has made great improvements over recent decades, with more than 75% of the rural population and more than 97% of the urban population classed as having access to safe drinking water.

Beod: /* References */

2022-11-10T14:14:38Z

References

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			Return to the index pages:
	Return to		[[Africa Groundwater Atlas Home \| Africa Groundwater Atlas]] >> [[Hydrogeology by country \| Hydrogeology by country]]
	[[~~Overview of~~ Africa Groundwater Atlas \| Africa Groundwater Atlas]] >> [[Hydrogeology by country \| Hydrogeology by country]]

	<!-- PLEASE DO NOT DELETE BELOW THIS LINE -->		<!-- PLEASE DO NOT DELETE BELOW THIS LINE -->

Beod: /* Geology */

2022-10-28T09:41:13Z

Geology

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:41, 28 October 2022
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	[https://www.bgs.ac.uk/africagroundwateratlas/downloadGIS.html '''Download a GIS shapefile of the Burkina Faso geology and hydrogeology map'''].		[https://www.bgs.ac.uk/africagroundwateratlas/downloadGIS.html '''Download a GIS shapefile of the Burkina Faso geology and hydrogeology map'''].

	A higher resolution ~~map~~ at 1:1 ~~000 000~~ scale ~~is published by the Ministere des Mines, des Carrieres et de l'Energie~~ (Castaing et al., 2003a, 2003b).
			The [https://www.bumigeb.bf/ Bureau des Mines et de la Géologie du Burkina Faso] (BUMIGEB) is the National Geological Service of Burkina Faso. It hosts an online [https://www.bumigeb.bf/BUMIGEB/Pages/Geoportail/Geoportail.html Geoportail] where higher resolution geological maps can be viewed, including one at 1:1 million scale (Castaing et al., 2003a, 2003b) and at 1:200,000 scale.


	[[File:BurkinaFaso_Geology4.png \| centre \| thumb\| 500 px\| Geology of Burkina Faso at 1:5 million scale. Developed from USGS map (Persits et al., 2002). For more information on how the map was developed see the [[Geology \| geology resource page]]. [https://www.bgs.ac.uk/africagroundwateratlas/downloadGIS.html Download a GIS shapefile of the Burkina Faso geology and hydrogeology map].]]		[[File:BurkinaFaso_Geology4.png \| centre \| thumb\| 500 px\| Geology of Burkina Faso at 1:5 million scale. Developed from USGS map (Persits et al., 2002). For more information on how the map was developed see the [[Geology \| geology resource page]]. [https://www.bgs.ac.uk/africagroundwateratlas/downloadGIS.html Download a GIS shapefile of the Burkina Faso geology and hydrogeology map].]]

Beod: /* Groundwater use and management */

2022-10-25T14:07:55Z

Groundwater use and management

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	=== Groundwater management===		=== Groundwater management===

	The ~~Ministere~~ de ~~l'Environment~~ et de ~~L'Eau (MEE~~) is the government department with responsibility for sustainable use of groundwater and surface water resources in Burkina Faso. ~~Different MEE~~ departments ~~are responsible for different aspects of domestic, agricultural and industrial use of water and for energy production.~~		The [https://www.mea.gov.bf/accueil Ministry of Water and Sanitation] (Ministère de l’Eau et de l’Assainissement, MEA) has been since 2016 the government department with responsibility for sustainable use of groundwater and surface water resources in Burkina Faso. MEA direct or annex departments with relevance to groundwater include:

	~~The National Council for Water is responsible for ensuring implementation~~ of ~~laws governing surface and groundwater management (Obuobie and Barry 2012). The~~ Water ~~Management Policy Act~~ (~~2001~~) ~~provided~~ for ~~state ownership of all~~ water ~~resources (with limited exceptions)~~ and ~~established a permit regime~~ for water ~~abstraction for non-domestic uses (Obuobie and Barry 2012)~~.		:- the General Directorate of Water Resources (Direction Générale des Ressources en Eau, DGRE), which since 2016 has had responsibility for monitoring water quantity and quality, and for the collection, management, and reporting of water data.

	The ~~national organisation~~ with ~~responsibility~~ for water ~~supply is~~ the ~~Office~~ National de l’Eau ~~et de l’Assainissement~~ (~~ONEA~~).		:- Regional directorates of water and sanitation (Directions Régionales de l’Eau et de l’Assainissement, DREA)

			:- the National Office for Water and Sanitation (Office National de l'Eau et de l'Assainissement, ONEA), which has responsibility for water supply

			:- Water agencies (Agences de l’Eau, AE), who are responsible for translating national water policy into action in each river basin, including assisting with data collection and monitoring. Water agencies rely on local water committees (Comités locaux de l’eau, CLE), which involve all local water users.

			The Water Management Policy Act (2001) provided for state ownership of all water resources (with limited exceptions) and established a permit regime for water abstraction for non-domestic uses (Obuobie and Barry 2012).

			===Groundwater data===

			The development of a national water information system was initiated in 2003, called the Système National d’Information sur l’Eau (SNIEAU), but it is thought that it is still not fully operational.

			There is a national inventory of water points (Inventaire National des Ouvrages, INO), which which has been reported to hold information about at least 15,000 boreholes, based on data submitted for newly drilled boreholes. The amount and quality of submitted data varies, but can include information about borehole location (coordinates and village/region); the type of well and pump; and the use of water. It is thought to rarely include information such as borehole depth; geology or yield.

			There is a national groundwater level monitoring network (réseau piézométrique national, RPN), managed by the DGRE, and used to measure static groundwater levels at frequent intervals in observation wells across the country. An annual report for 2017 stated that the network comprised 125 observation boreholes at 60 sites (some sites comprise multiple boreholes and some boreholes contain multiple piezometers monitoring aquifers at different depths ). Of these, 94 were operational, at 52 sites. At most sites, groundwater levels were measured at least twice a week, and the data transferred to the central Ministry.

			There is no groundwater quality monitoring network.

	There is a national borehole database which currently stores information about more than 15,000 boreholes. The database includes detailed information about borehole location (coordinates and village/region); depth; whether the borehole was successful; the geology; and the borehole yield.

	=== Transboundary aquifers===		=== Transboundary aquifers===

	There are no major transboundary aquifers in Burkina Faso.		There are no major transboundary aquifers in Burkina Faso.

			Burkina Faso is a member state of two international river basin organizations: the Niger Basin Authority (Autorié du Bassin du Niger, ABN) and the Volta Basin Authority (Autorité du Bassin de la Volta, ABV).


	For further general information about transboundary aquifers, please see the [[Transboundary aquifers \| Transboundary aquifers resources page]]		For further general information about transboundary aquifers, please see the [[Transboundary aquifers \| Transboundary aquifers resources page]]

Beod at 13:36, 4 October 2022

2022-10-04T13:36:57Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:36, 4 October 2022
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	Please cite this page as: Koussoubé, Upton, Ó Dochartaigh and Bellwood-Howard, 2018.		Please cite this page as: Koussoubé, Upton, Ó Dochartaigh and Bellwood-Howard, 2018.

	Bibliographic reference: Koussoubé, Y, Upton, K, Ó Dochartaigh, B É and Bellwood-Howard, I. 2018. Africa Groundwater Atlas: Hydrogeology of Burkina Faso. British Geological Survey. Accessed [date you accessed the information]. ~~http~~://earthwise.bgs.ac.uk/index.php/Hydrogeology_of_Burkina_Faso		Bibliographic reference: Koussoubé, Y, Upton, K, Ó Dochartaigh, B É and Bellwood-Howard, I. 2018. Africa Groundwater Atlas: Hydrogeology of Burkina Faso. British Geological Survey. Accessed [date you accessed the information]. https://earthwise.bgs.ac.uk/index.php/Hydrogeology_of_Burkina_Faso

	==Terms and conditions==		==Terms and conditions==
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	\|}		\|}

	<nowiki>*</nowiki> Source: [~~http~~://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/data/query/index.html?lang=en FAO Aquastat]		<nowiki>*</nowiki> Source: [https://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/data/query/index.html?lang=en FAO Aquastat]

	===Climate===		===Climate===
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	\|}		\|}

	Source and more statistics at: [~~http~~://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/data/query/index.html?lang=en FAO Aquastat].		Source and more statistics at: [https://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/data/query/index.html?lang=en FAO Aquastat].

	==Geology==		==Geology==

	This section provides a summary of the geology of Burkina Faso. More detail can be found in the references listed at the bottom of this page. Many of these references can be accessed through the [~~http~~://www2.bgs.ac.uk/africagroundwateratlas/index.cfm Africa Groundwater Literature Archive].		This section provides a summary of the geology of Burkina Faso. More detail can be found in the references listed at the bottom of this page. Many of these references can be accessed through the [https://www2.bgs.ac.uk/africagroundwateratlas/index.cfm Africa Groundwater Literature Archive].

	The geology map on this page shows a simplified version of the geology at a national scale (see [[Geology \| the Geology resources page]] for more details).		The geology map on this page shows a simplified version of the geology at a national scale (see [[Geology \| the Geology resources page]] for more details).
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	Ministère de l'environnement et de l'eau. 1998. Politique et stratégies en matière d'eau 126p.		Ministère de l'environnement et de l'eau. 1998. Politique et stratégies en matière d'eau 126p.

			PS Eau. 2018. [https://www.pseau.org/outils/ouvrages/ps_eau_fiche_pays_burkina_faso_2018.pdf Fiche Pays: Burkina Faso]

	WaterAid. 2013. [https://washmatters.wateraid.org/publications/strengthening-wash-services-and-community-resilience-through-community-based-water Strengthening WASH services and community resilience through community-based water resource management]. Briefing note. WaterAid, Burkina Faso		WaterAid. 2013. [https://washmatters.wateraid.org/publications/strengthening-wash-services-and-community-resilience-through-community-based-water Strengthening WASH services and community resilience through community-based water resource management]. Briefing note. WaterAid, Burkina Faso

Beod: /* References */

2022-10-04T10:40:42Z

References

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:40, 4 October 2022
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	'''Useful websites'''		'''Useful websites'''

	[~~http~~://www.bumigeb.bf/~~index.htm~~ Bureau des Mines et de la Geologie du Burkina].		[https://www.bumigeb.bf/ Bureau des Mines et de la Geologie du Burkina].

	===Geology references===		===Geology references===
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	===Hydrogeology references===		===Hydrogeology references===

	BGS. 2002. Groundwater Quality: Burkina Faso. British Geological Survey. ~~http~~://www.wateraid.org/~/media/Publications/groundwater-quality-information-burkina-faso.pdf		BGS. 2002. Groundwater Quality: Burkina Faso. British Geological Survey. https://www.wateraid.org/~/media/Publications/groundwater-quality-information-burkina-faso.pdf

	Bretzler A, Lalanne F, Nikiema J, Podgorski J, Pfenninger N, Berg M and Schirmer M. 2017. [~~http~~://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969717301572?via%3Dihub Groundwater arsenic contamination in Burkina Faso, West Africa: Predicting and verifying regions at risk]. Science of The Total Environment, 584, 958-970.		Bretzler A, Lalanne F, Nikiema J, Podgorski J, Pfenninger N, Berg M and Schirmer M. 2017. [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969717301572?via%3Dihub Groundwater arsenic contamination in Burkina Faso, West Africa: Predicting and verifying regions at risk]. Science of The Total Environment, 584, 958-970.

	Martin N and van de Giesen N. 2005. [~~http~~://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02508060508691852 Spatial Distribution of Groundwater Production and Development Potential in the Volta River basin of Ghana and Burkina Faso]. Water International, 30:2, 239-249, DOI: 10.1080/02508060508691852		Martin N and van de Giesen N. 2005. [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02508060508691852 Spatial Distribution of Groundwater Production and Development Potential in the Volta River basin of Ghana and Burkina Faso]. Water International, 30:2, 239-249, DOI: 10.1080/02508060508691852

	Ministère de l'eau. 1993. Notice explicative de la carte hydrogéologique du Burkina Faso échelle 1:5OO OOO, feuille Ouagadougou - DEP du Ministètre de l'eau, Assistance technique : IWACO B.V., Financement: Burkina FasolPays-Bas, 4Sp. + cartes		Ministère de l'eau. 1993. Notice explicative de la carte hydrogéologique du Burkina Faso échelle 1:5OO OOO, feuille Ouagadougou - DEP du Ministètre de l'eau, Assistance technique : IWACO B.V., Financement: Burkina FasolPays-Bas, 4Sp. + cartes
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	Smedley PL, Knudsen J and Maiga D. 2007. Arsenic in groundwater from mineralised Proterozoic basement rocks of Burkina Faso. Applied Geochemistry, Vol. 22, 1074-1092.		Smedley PL, Knudsen J and Maiga D. 2007. Arsenic in groundwater from mineralised Proterozoic basement rocks of Burkina Faso. Applied Geochemistry, Vol. 22, 1074-1092.

	Traoré U. 2019. [~~http~~://www.rural-water-supply.net/en/resources/details/875 Challenges of Water Well Drillers & Water Well Drillers Associations: Case Studies of Six Countries (Angola, Burkina Faso, Mozambique, Nigeria, United States of America, and Uganda)]. Skat Foundation and the Rural Water Supply Network, St. Gallen Switzerland, September 2019.		Traoré U. 2019. [https://www.rural-water-supply.net/en/resources/details/875 Challenges of Water Well Drillers & Water Well Drillers Associations: Case Studies of Six Countries (Angola, Burkina Faso, Mozambique, Nigeria, United States of America, and Uganda)]. Skat Foundation and the Rural Water Supply Network, St. Gallen Switzerland, September 2019.

	United Nations. 1988. [https://www2.bgs.ac.uk/africaGroundwaterAtlas/atlas.cfc?method=ViewDetails&id=AGLA060029 Burkina Faso, in Groundwater in North and West Africa]. Natural Resources/Water Series No. 18, ST/TCD/5. Department of Technical Co-operation for Development and Economic Commission for Africa.		United Nations. 1988. [https://www2.bgs.ac.uk/africaGroundwaterAtlas/atlas.cfc?method=ViewDetails&id=AGLA060029 Burkina Faso, in Groundwater in North and West Africa]. Natural Resources/Water Series No. 18, ST/TCD/5. Department of Technical Co-operation for Development and Economic Commission for Africa.
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	===General references===		===General references===

	Barry B, Obuobie E, Andreini M, Andah W and Pluquet M. 2005. [~~http~~://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/assessment/files_new/research_projects/river_basin_development_and_management/VoltaRiverBasin_Boubacar.pdf Comprehensive assessment of water management in agriculture (comparative study of river basin development and management)]. Int. Water Manag. Inst.		Barry B, Obuobie E, Andreini M, Andah W and Pluquet M. 2005. [https://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/assessment/files_new/research_projects/river_basin_development_and_management/VoltaRiverBasin_Boubacar.pdf Comprehensive assessment of water management in agriculture (comparative study of river basin development and management)]. Int. Water Manag. Inst.

	Danert K. 2019. Concerns about corrosion and the quality of handpump components in Burkina Faso and beyond. Skat Foundation. Report available [~~http~~://skat.ch/book/concerns-about-corrosion-and-the-quality-of-handpump-components/ in English] and [~~http~~://skat.ch/book/qualite-et-corrosion-des-pieces-composantes-des-pompes-a-motricite/ en français].		Danert K. 2019. Concerns about corrosion and the quality of handpump components in Burkina Faso and beyond. Skat Foundation. Report available [https://skat.ch/book/concerns-about-corrosion-and-the-quality-of-handpump-components/ in English] and [https://skat.ch/book/qualite-et-corrosion-des-pieces-composantes-des-pompes-a-motricite/ en français].

	Ministère de l'environnement et de l'eau. 1998. Politique et stratégies en matière d'eau 126p.		Ministère de l'environnement et de l'eau. 1998. Politique et stratégies en matière d'eau 126p.

Beod at 09:22, 16 September 2021

2021-09-16T09:22:01Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:22, 16 September 2021
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	==Geology==		==Geology==

	This section provides a summary of the geology of Burkina Faso. More detail can be found in the references listed at the bottom of this page. Many of these references can be accessed through the [http://~~www~~.bgs.ac.uk/africagroundwateratlas/index.cfm Africa Groundwater Literature Archive].		This section provides a summary of the geology of Burkina Faso. More detail can be found in the references listed at the bottom of this page. Many of these references can be accessed through the [http://www2.bgs.ac.uk/africagroundwateratlas/index.cfm Africa Groundwater Literature Archive].

	The geology map on this page shows a simplified version of the geology at a national scale (see [[Geology \| the Geology resources page]] for more details).		The geology map on this page shows a simplified version of the geology at a national scale (see [[Geology \| the Geology resources page]] for more details).
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	Geology is the main control on aquifer productivity and groundwater potential.		Geology is the main control on aquifer productivity and groundwater potential.

	This section provides a summary of the hydrogeology of the main aquifers in Burkina Faso. More information is available in the references listed at the bottom of this page. Many of these references can be accessed through the [https://~~www~~.bgs.ac.uk/africaGroundwaterAtlas/atlas.cfc?method=listResults&title_search=&author_search=&category_search=&country=BF&placeboolean=AND&singlecountry=1 Africa Groundwater Literature Archive].		This section provides a summary of the hydrogeology of the main aquifers in Burkina Faso. More information is available in the references listed at the bottom of this page. Many of these references can be accessed through the [https://www2.bgs.ac.uk/africaGroundwaterAtlas/atlas.cfc?method=listResults&title_search=&author_search=&category_search=&country=BF&placeboolean=AND&singlecountry=1 Africa Groundwater Literature Archive].

	The hydrogeology map on this page shows a simplified version of the type and productivity of the main aquifers at a national scale (see the [[Africa Groundwater Atlas Hydrogeology Maps \| Hydrogeology map]] resource page for more details).		The hydrogeology map on this page shows a simplified version of the type and productivity of the main aquifers at a national scale (see the [[Africa Groundwater Atlas Hydrogeology Maps \| Hydrogeology map]] resource page for more details).
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	The following references provide more information on the geology and hydrogeology of Burkina Faso.		The following references provide more information on the geology and hydrogeology of Burkina Faso.
	These, and others, can be accessed through the [https://~~www~~.bgs.ac.uk/africaGroundwaterAtlas/atlas.cfc?method=listResults&title_search=&author_search=&category_search=&country_search=BF&placeboolean=AND&singlecountry=1 Africa Groundwater Literature Archive].		These, and others, can be accessed through the [https://www2.bgs.ac.uk/africaGroundwaterAtlas/atlas.cfc?method=listResults&title_search=&author_search=&category_search=&country_search=BF&placeboolean=AND&singlecountry=1 Africa Groundwater Literature Archive].


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	Traoré U. 2019. [http://www.rural-water-supply.net/en/resources/details/875 Challenges of Water Well Drillers & Water Well Drillers Associations: Case Studies of Six Countries (Angola, Burkina Faso, Mozambique, Nigeria, United States of America, and Uganda)]. Skat Foundation and the Rural Water Supply Network, St. Gallen Switzerland, September 2019.		Traoré U. 2019. [http://www.rural-water-supply.net/en/resources/details/875 Challenges of Water Well Drillers & Water Well Drillers Associations: Case Studies of Six Countries (Angola, Burkina Faso, Mozambique, Nigeria, United States of America, and Uganda)]. Skat Foundation and the Rural Water Supply Network, St. Gallen Switzerland, September 2019.

	United Nations. 1988. [https://~~www~~.bgs.ac.uk/africaGroundwaterAtlas/atlas.cfc?method=ViewDetails&id=AGLA060029 Burkina Faso, in Groundwater in North and West Africa]. Natural Resources/Water Series No. 18, ST/TCD/5. Department of Technical Co-operation for Development and Economic Commission for Africa.		United Nations. 1988. [https://www2.bgs.ac.uk/africaGroundwaterAtlas/atlas.cfc?method=ViewDetails&id=AGLA060029 Burkina Faso, in Groundwater in North and West Africa]. Natural Resources/Water Series No. 18, ST/TCD/5. Department of Technical Co-operation for Development and Economic Commission for Africa.

	===General references===		===General references===

Beod: /* References */

2020-02-24T16:48:58Z

References

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:48, 24 February 2020
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	Smedley PL, Knudsen J and Maiga D. 2007. Arsenic in groundwater from mineralised Proterozoic basement rocks of Burkina Faso. Applied Geochemistry, Vol. 22, 1074-1092.		Smedley PL, Knudsen J and Maiga D. 2007. Arsenic in groundwater from mineralised Proterozoic basement rocks of Burkina Faso. Applied Geochemistry, Vol. 22, 1074-1092.

			Traoré U. 2019. [http://www.rural-water-supply.net/en/resources/details/875 Challenges of Water Well Drillers & Water Well Drillers Associations: Case Studies of Six Countries (Angola, Burkina Faso, Mozambique, Nigeria, United States of America, and Uganda)]. Skat Foundation and the Rural Water Supply Network, St. Gallen Switzerland, September 2019.

	United Nations. 1988. [https://www.bgs.ac.uk/africaGroundwaterAtlas/atlas.cfc?method=ViewDetails&id=AGLA060029 Burkina Faso, in Groundwater in North and West Africa]. Natural Resources/Water Series No. 18, ST/TCD/5. Department of Technical Co-operation for Development and Economic Commission for Africa.		United Nations. 1988. [https://www.bgs.ac.uk/africaGroundwaterAtlas/atlas.cfc?method=ViewDetails&id=AGLA060029 Burkina Faso, in Groundwater in North and West Africa]. Natural Resources/Water Series No. 18, ST/TCD/5. Department of Technical Co-operation for Development and Economic Commission for Africa.