Hydrogeology of Burundi - Revision history

LaurenGiles: /* References */ BGR lineament mapping technical report link

2023-12-20T09:29:41Z

References: BGR lineament mapping technical report link

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	Gutierrez A and Barrat J-M. 2016. [https://hal-brgm.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01307031/document Groundwater resources of Burundi. New elements and decision making tools]. 35th International Geological Congress : IGC 2016, Aug 2016, Cape Town, South Africa.		Gutierrez A and Barrat J-M. 2016. [https://hal-brgm.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01307031/document Groundwater resources of Burundi. New elements and decision making tools]. 35th International Geological Congress : IGC 2016, Aug 2016, Cape Town, South Africa.

	Hahne K. 2014. [https://www.~~bgr.bund~~.de/EN/Themen/Wasser/Projekte/~~laufend~~/TZ/Burundi/techn_rep04_en.~~pdf~~?~~__blob=publicationFile&v~~=5 Lineament mapping for the localisation of high groundwater potential using remote sensing - Technical Report No. 4], prepared by IGEBU & BGR: 52 p, Hannover. (PDF, 9 MB)		Hahne K. 2014. [https://www.deutsche-rohstoffagentur.de/EN/Themen/Wasser/Projekte/abgeschlossen/TZ/Burundi/techn_rep04_en.html?nn=1544712 Lineament mapping for the localisation of high groundwater potential using remote sensing - Technical Report No. 4], prepared by IGEBU & BGR: 52 p, Hannover. (PDF, 9 MB)

	Heckmann M, Vassolo S and Tiberghien C. 2016. [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335106338_Groundwater_Vulnerability_Map_COP_for_the_Nyanzari_catchment_Gitega_Burundi_Technical_Report_N_7_IGEBU_BGR_Hannover Groundwater Vulnerability Map (COP) for the Nyanzari catchment, Gitega, Burundi. – Technical Report No. 7], prepared by IGEBU & BGR: 96 p, Hannover. (PDF, 6 MB)		Heckmann M, Vassolo S and Tiberghien C. 2016. [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335106338_Groundwater_Vulnerability_Map_COP_for_the_Nyanzari_catchment_Gitega_Burundi_Technical_Report_N_7_IGEBU_BGR_Hannover Groundwater Vulnerability Map (COP) for the Nyanzari catchment, Gitega, Burundi. – Technical Report No. 7], prepared by IGEBU & BGR: 96 p, Hannover. (PDF, 6 MB)

LaurenGiles: /* References */ numerical groundwater model link

2023-12-11T13:18:15Z

References: numerical groundwater model link

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	Heckmann M, Vassolo S and Tiberghien C. 2016. [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335106338_Groundwater_Vulnerability_Map_COP_for_the_Nyanzari_catchment_Gitega_Burundi_Technical_Report_N_7_IGEBU_BGR_Hannover Groundwater Vulnerability Map (COP) for the Nyanzari catchment, Gitega, Burundi. – Technical Report No. 7], prepared by IGEBU & BGR: 96 p, Hannover. (PDF, 6 MB)		Heckmann M, Vassolo S and Tiberghien C. 2016. [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335106338_Groundwater_Vulnerability_Map_COP_for_the_Nyanzari_catchment_Gitega_Burundi_Technical_Report_N_7_IGEBU_BGR_Hannover Groundwater Vulnerability Map (COP) for the Nyanzari catchment, Gitega, Burundi. – Technical Report No. 7], prepared by IGEBU & BGR: 96 p, Hannover. (PDF, 6 MB)

	Pfunt H, Tiberghien C and Vassolo S. 2016. [https://www.bgr.bund.de/EN/Themen/Wasser/Projekte/~~laufend~~/TZ/Burundi/techn_rep08_en.pdf?__blob=publicationFile~~&v=4~~ Numerical Groundwater Model for the Nyanzare well field at the town of Gitega, Burundi. – Technical Report No. 8], prepared by IGEBU & BGR: 46 p, Hannover. (PDF, 2 MB)		Pfunt H, Tiberghien C and Vassolo S. 2016. [https://www.bgr.bund.de/EN/Themen/Wasser/Projekte/abgeschlossen/TZ/Burundi/techn_rep08_en.pdf?__blob=publicationFile Numerical Groundwater Model for the Nyanzare well field at the town of Gitega, Burundi. – Technical Report No. 8], prepared by IGEBU & BGR: 46 p, Hannover. (PDF, 2 MB)

	PS Eau. 2013. [https://www.pseau.org/outils/ouvrages/ps_eau_fiche_pays_burundi_2013.pdf Fiche Pays: Burundi]		PS Eau. 2013. [https://www.pseau.org/outils/ouvrages/ps_eau_fiche_pays_burundi_2013.pdf Fiche Pays: Burundi]

LaurenGiles: /* References */ groundwater vulnerability map (COP) link

2023-12-11T13:14:58Z

References: groundwater vulnerability map (COP) link

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	Hahne K. 2014. [https://www.bgr.bund.de/EN/Themen/Wasser/Projekte/laufend/TZ/Burundi/techn_rep04_en.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=5 Lineament mapping for the localisation of high groundwater potential using remote sensing - Technical Report No. 4], prepared by IGEBU & BGR: 52 p, Hannover. (PDF, 9 MB)		Hahne K. 2014. [https://www.bgr.bund.de/EN/Themen/Wasser/Projekte/laufend/TZ/Burundi/techn_rep04_en.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=5 Lineament mapping for the localisation of high groundwater potential using remote sensing - Technical Report No. 4], prepared by IGEBU & BGR: 52 p, Hannover. (PDF, 9 MB)

	Heckmann M, Vassolo S and Tiberghien C. 2016. [https://www.~~bgr~~.~~bund.de/EN/Themen/Wasser/Projekte/laufend/TZ~~/~~Burundi~~/~~techn_rep07_en.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=3~~ Groundwater Vulnerability Map (COP) for the Nyanzari catchment, Gitega, Burundi. – Technical Report No. 7], prepared by IGEBU & BGR: 96 p, Hannover. (PDF, 6 MB)		Heckmann M, Vassolo S and Tiberghien C. 2016. [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335106338_Groundwater_Vulnerability_Map_COP_for_the_Nyanzari_catchment_Gitega_Burundi_Technical_Report_N_7_IGEBU_BGR_Hannover Groundwater Vulnerability Map (COP) for the Nyanzari catchment, Gitega, Burundi. – Technical Report No. 7], prepared by IGEBU & BGR: 96 p, Hannover. (PDF, 6 MB)

	Pfunt H, Tiberghien C and Vassolo S. 2016. [https://www.bgr.bund.de/EN/Themen/Wasser/Projekte/laufend/TZ/Burundi/techn_rep08_en.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=4 Numerical Groundwater Model for the Nyanzare well field at the town of Gitega, Burundi. – Technical Report No. 8], prepared by IGEBU & BGR: 46 p, Hannover. (PDF, 2 MB)		Pfunt H, Tiberghien C and Vassolo S. 2016. [https://www.bgr.bund.de/EN/Themen/Wasser/Projekte/laufend/TZ/Burundi/techn_rep08_en.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=4 Numerical Groundwater Model for the Nyanzare well field at the town of Gitega, Burundi. – Technical Report No. 8], prepared by IGEBU & BGR: 46 p, Hannover. (PDF, 2 MB)

LaurenGiles: /* Weathered, Fractured Basement */ BGR link, now to homepage as old page no longer exists

2023-12-11T13:12:58Z

Weathered, Fractured Basement: BGR link, now to homepage as old page no longer exists

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	BGR have carried out [https://www.bgr.bund.de/EN/Themen/Wasser/Projekte/projekte_node_en.html?tab=Research+%26+Development&type=AbgeschlosseneProjekte hydrogeological studies] of the basement aquifer at sites at Gitega (the second largest city in Burundi), Kirundo and Rumonge.		BGR have carried out [https://www.bgr.bund.de/EN/Themen/Wasser/Projekte/projekte_node_en.html?tab=Research+%26+Development&type=AbgeschlosseneProjekte hydrogeological studies] of the basement aquifer at sites at Gitega (the second largest city in Burundi), Kirundo and Rumonge.

	Data from the Nyanzare wellfield at Gitega where boreholes abstract from fractured zones in the fractured schist and amphibolitic basement indicate that appropriately sited boreholes in the basement aquifer have typical transmissivity values of between 20 and 500 m<sup>2</sup>/day, possibly up to 700 m<sup>2</sup>/day (Tiberghien et al. 2014, Pfunt et al. 2016). Borehole yields of up to 60 m<sup>3</sup>/hour are reported (Gutierrez and Barrat 2016), but compartmentalisation of the aquifer by fracturing suggests that these abstraction rates are not likely to be sustainable (Pfunt et al. 2016). [https://www.~~geozentrum-hannover~~.de/EN/~~Themen/Wasser/Projekte~~/~~laufend/TZ/Burundi/burundi_fb_en~~.html~~?nn~~=~~1546392~~ BGR] quote transmissivity values of around 35 m<sup>2</sup>/day, and borehole yields of up to 20 m<sup>3</sup>/hour, from the weathered zone of granites at Kirundo. However, more typical borehole yields across most of the basement aquifer are likely to be lower: from around <0.5 to 5 m m<sup>3</sup>/hour (Gutierrez and Barrat 2016).		Data from the Nyanzare wellfield at Gitega where boreholes abstract from fractured zones in the fractured schist and amphibolitic basement indicate that appropriately sited boreholes in the basement aquifer have typical transmissivity values of between 20 and 500 m<sup>2</sup>/day, possibly up to 700 m<sup>2</sup>/day (Tiberghien et al. 2014, Pfunt et al. 2016). Borehole yields of up to 60 m<sup>3</sup>/hour are reported (Gutierrez and Barrat 2016), but compartmentalisation of the aquifer by fracturing suggests that these abstraction rates are not likely to be sustainable (Pfunt et al. 2016). [https://www.bgr.bund.de/EN/Home/homepage_node_en.html;jsessionid=02BBFD7AA9EA4795C6115C258259BA2B.internet941 BGR] quote transmissivity values of around 35 m<sup>2</sup>/day, and borehole yields of up to 20 m<sup>3</sup>/hour, from the weathered zone of granites at Kirundo. However, more typical borehole yields across most of the basement aquifer are likely to be lower: from around <0.5 to 5 m m<sup>3</sup>/hour (Gutierrez and Barrat 2016).

	Groundwater levels (water table) in the basement aquifer at Gitega are around 15 m below ground level in the base of the valley (Pfunt et al. 2016); they may be deeper at higher elevations.		Groundwater levels (water table) in the basement aquifer at Gitega are around 15 m below ground level in the base of the valley (Pfunt et al. 2016); they may be deeper at higher elevations.

LaurenGiles: /* Weathered, Fractured Basement */ hydrogeological studies link

2023-12-11T13:11:22Z

Weathered, Fractured Basement: hydrogeological studies link

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	\|\|The productivity of the basement aquifer depends on the localised nature and extent of fracturing and weathering - how thick is the weathered zone and how developed are water-bearing fractures? A thick weathered zone - in some parts of granite and schist basement, such as at Kirundo, this can be up to 100 m (Gutierrez and Barrat 2016) - can provide significant groundwater storage potential. Where tectonic activity has caused increased rock fracturing , such as in fault zones, local basement aquifer productivity can be moderate or high. Fracturing may also, however, act to compartmentalise an aquifer and reduce groundwater flow, which can affect the long-term sustainable yield of a borehole - for example, as suggested in Gitega in central Burundi (Pfunt et al. 2016).		\|\|The productivity of the basement aquifer depends on the localised nature and extent of fracturing and weathering - how thick is the weathered zone and how developed are water-bearing fractures? A thick weathered zone - in some parts of granite and schist basement, such as at Kirundo, this can be up to 100 m (Gutierrez and Barrat 2016) - can provide significant groundwater storage potential. Where tectonic activity has caused increased rock fracturing , such as in fault zones, local basement aquifer productivity can be moderate or high. Fracturing may also, however, act to compartmentalise an aquifer and reduce groundwater flow, which can affect the long-term sustainable yield of a borehole - for example, as suggested in Gitega in central Burundi (Pfunt et al. 2016).

	BGR have carried out [https://www.~~geozentrum-hannover~~.de/EN/Themen/Wasser/Projekte/~~laufend/TZ/Burundi/burundi_fb_en~~.html?nn=~~1546392~~ hydrogeological studies] of the basement aquifer at sites at Gitega (the second largest city in Burundi), Kirundo and Rumonge.		BGR have carried out [https://www.bgr.bund.de/EN/Themen/Wasser/Projekte/projekte_node_en.html?tab=Research+%26+Development&type=AbgeschlosseneProjekte hydrogeological studies] of the basement aquifer at sites at Gitega (the second largest city in Burundi), Kirundo and Rumonge.

	Data from the Nyanzare wellfield at Gitega where boreholes abstract from fractured zones in the fractured schist and amphibolitic basement indicate that appropriately sited boreholes in the basement aquifer have typical transmissivity values of between 20 and 500 m<sup>2</sup>/day, possibly up to 700 m<sup>2</sup>/day (Tiberghien et al. 2014, Pfunt et al. 2016). Borehole yields of up to 60 m<sup>3</sup>/hour are reported (Gutierrez and Barrat 2016), but compartmentalisation of the aquifer by fracturing suggests that these abstraction rates are not likely to be sustainable (Pfunt et al. 2016). [https://www.geozentrum-hannover.de/EN/Themen/Wasser/Projekte/laufend/TZ/Burundi/burundi_fb_en.html?nn=1546392 BGR] quote transmissivity values of around 35 m<sup>2</sup>/day, and borehole yields of up to 20 m<sup>3</sup>/hour, from the weathered zone of granites at Kirundo. However, more typical borehole yields across most of the basement aquifer are likely to be lower: from around <0.5 to 5 m m<sup>3</sup>/hour (Gutierrez and Barrat 2016).		Data from the Nyanzare wellfield at Gitega where boreholes abstract from fractured zones in the fractured schist and amphibolitic basement indicate that appropriately sited boreholes in the basement aquifer have typical transmissivity values of between 20 and 500 m<sup>2</sup>/day, possibly up to 700 m<sup>2</sup>/day (Tiberghien et al. 2014, Pfunt et al. 2016). Borehole yields of up to 60 m<sup>3</sup>/hour are reported (Gutierrez and Barrat 2016), but compartmentalisation of the aquifer by fracturing suggests that these abstraction rates are not likely to be sustainable (Pfunt et al. 2016). [https://www.geozentrum-hannover.de/EN/Themen/Wasser/Projekte/laufend/TZ/Burundi/burundi_fb_en.html?nn=1546392 BGR] quote transmissivity values of around 35 m<sup>2</sup>/day, and borehole yields of up to 20 m<sup>3</sup>/hour, from the weathered zone of granites at Kirundo. However, more typical borehole yields across most of the basement aquifer are likely to be lower: from around <0.5 to 5 m m<sup>3</sup>/hour (Gutierrez and Barrat 2016).

LaurenGiles: /* Hydrogeology */ management and protection of groundwater resources link

2023-12-11T13:05:04Z

Hydrogeology: management and protection of groundwater resources link

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	More information on the hydrogeology of Burundi is available in these documents:		More information on the hydrogeology of Burundi is available in these documents:

	:- a number of reports from the groundwater project [https://www.bgr.bund.de/EN/Themen/~~Wasser~~/Projekte/~~laufend~~/TZ~~/Burundi/burundi_fb_en~~.html~~?nn=1546392~~ Management and Protection of Groundwater Resources] in Burundi carried out by BGR;		:- a number of reports from the groundwater project [https://www.bgr.bund.de/EN/Themen/GG_Fernerkundung/Projekte/abgeschlossen/TZ-burundi_en.html Management and Protection of Groundwater Resources] in Burundi carried out by BGR;
	:- a report by BRGM (2016) on [https://www.brgm.eu/news-media/geosciences-journal-21-africa-land-of-knowledge '''mapping groundwater availability in basement rocks'''] (page 64), which includes a map of groundwater potential in Burundi (see also Gutierrez and Barrat 2016 in References section, below); and		:- a report by BRGM (2016) on [https://www.brgm.eu/news-media/geosciences-journal-21-africa-land-of-knowledge '''mapping groundwater availability in basement rocks'''] (page 64), which includes a map of groundwater potential in Burundi (see also Gutierrez and Barrat 2016 in References section, below); and
	:- a report by United Nations (1989) on [https://www2.bgs.ac.uk/africaGroundwaterAtlas/atlas.cfc?method=ViewDetails&id=AGLA060003 '''groundwater in Burundi'''].		:- a report by United Nations (1989) on [https://www2.bgs.ac.uk/africaGroundwaterAtlas/atlas.cfc?method=ViewDetails&id=AGLA060003 '''groundwater in Burundi'''].

Beod: /* References */

2022-11-10T14:15:10Z

References

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	Return to the index pages:		Return to the index pages:
	[[Africa Groundwater Atlas Home \| Africa Groundwater Atlas]] >> [[Hydrogeology by country \| Hydrogeology by country]] ~~>> Hydrogeology of Burundi~~		[[Africa Groundwater Atlas Home \| Africa Groundwater Atlas]] >> [[Hydrogeology by country \| Hydrogeology by country]]

Beod at 10:52, 10 November 2022

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	There is an attempt by government and some donors to encourage the development of the small amount of private sector involvement in the water sector. In 2005, the African Development Fund estimated there were 30 private consultancy firms in Burundi active in water services, such as borehole drilling.		There is an attempt by government and some donors to encourage the development of the small amount of private sector involvement in the water sector. In 2005, the African Development Fund estimated there were 30 private consultancy firms in Burundi active in water services, such as borehole drilling.

	A database was said in 2009 to have limited information about groundwater sources. A GIZ-supported project begun in 2012 included work to develop a central hydrogeological database at the national water authority ~~(Blümel 2015)~~.		A database was said in 2009 to have limited information about groundwater sources. A GIZ-supported project begun in 2012 included work to develop a central hydrogeological database at the national water authority.

	=== Transboundary aquifers===		=== Transboundary aquifers===
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	African Development Fund. 2005. [https://www.afdb.org/fileadmin/uploads/afdb/Documents/Project-and-Operations/Burundi_-_The_Rural_Water_Infrastructure_Rehabilitation_and_Extension_Project_-_Appraisal_Report.pdf Burundi: The rural water infrastructure rehabilitation and extension project. Appraisal report]. Infrastructure Department Central and West Regions, Ocin, September 2005.		African Development Fund. 2005. [https://www.afdb.org/fileadmin/uploads/afdb/Documents/Project-and-Operations/Burundi_-_The_Rural_Water_Infrastructure_Rehabilitation_and_Extension_Project_-_Appraisal_Report.pdf Burundi: The rural water infrastructure rehabilitation and extension project. Appraisal report]. Infrastructure Department Central and West Regions, Ocin, September 2005.

	Blumel M. 2015. [https://www.deutscher-rohstoffeffizienz-preis.de/EN/Themen/Wasser/Projekte/laufend/TZ/Burundi/techn_rep05_en.pdf;jsessionid=8CFAD5C4332FF768C3DDDDD9A5236DFF.2_cid284?__blob=publicationFile&v=4 Improvement of IT Infrastructure and Data Management Systems at the Geographic Institute of Burundi (IGEBU)]. Technical Report No. 5 of the project "Management and Protection of Groundwater Resources in Burundi", prepared by IGEBU & BGR, Hannover.

	BRGM. 2016. [https://www.brgm.eu/news-media/geosciences-journal-21-africa-land-of-knowledge Africa, a land of knowledge]. Geosciences, no. 21. BRGM.		BRGM. 2016. [https://www.brgm.eu/news-media/geosciences-journal-21-africa-land-of-knowledge Africa, a land of knowledge]. Geosciences, no. 21. BRGM.

Beod: /* Groundwater use and management */

2022-11-10T10:49:58Z

Groundwater use and management

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:49, 10 November 2022
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	There is an attempt by government and some donors to encourage the development of the small amount of private sector involvement in the water sector. In 2005, the African Development Fund estimated there were 30 private consultancy firms in Burundi active in water services, such as borehole drilling.		There is an attempt by government and some donors to encourage the development of the small amount of private sector involvement in the water sector. In 2005, the African Development Fund estimated there were 30 private consultancy firms in Burundi active in water services, such as borehole drilling.

	A database ~~which~~ in 2009 ~~had~~ limited information about groundwater sources. A GIZ-supported project included work to develop a central database at the national water authority.		A database was said in 2009 to have limited information about groundwater sources. A GIZ-supported project begun in 2012 included work to develop a central hydrogeological database at the national water authority (Blümel 2015).

	=== Transboundary aquifers===		=== Transboundary aquifers===

Beod: /* References */

2022-11-10T10:48:39Z

References

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:48, 10 November 2022
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	African Development Fund. 2005. [https://www.afdb.org/fileadmin/uploads/afdb/Documents/Project-and-Operations/Burundi_-_The_Rural_Water_Infrastructure_Rehabilitation_and_Extension_Project_-_Appraisal_Report.pdf Burundi: The rural water infrastructure rehabilitation and extension project. Appraisal report]. Infrastructure Department Central and West Regions, Ocin, September 2005.		African Development Fund. 2005. [https://www.afdb.org/fileadmin/uploads/afdb/Documents/Project-and-Operations/Burundi_-_The_Rural_Water_Infrastructure_Rehabilitation_and_Extension_Project_-_Appraisal_Report.pdf Burundi: The rural water infrastructure rehabilitation and extension project. Appraisal report]. Infrastructure Department Central and West Regions, Ocin, September 2005.

	Blumel M. 2015. https://www.deutscher-rohstoffeffizienz-preis.de/EN/Themen/Wasser/Projekte/laufend/TZ/Burundi/techn_rep05_en.pdf;jsessionid=8CFAD5C4332FF768C3DDDDD9A5236DFF.2_cid284?__blob=publicationFile&v=4 Improvement of IT Infrastructure and Data Management Systems at the Geographic Institute of Burundi (IGEBU)]. Technical Report No. 5 of the project "Management and Protection of Groundwater Resources in Burundi", prepared by IGEBU & BGR, Hannover.		Blumel M. 2015. [https://www.deutscher-rohstoffeffizienz-preis.de/EN/Themen/Wasser/Projekte/laufend/TZ/Burundi/techn_rep05_en.pdf;jsessionid=8CFAD5C4332FF768C3DDDDD9A5236DFF.2_cid284?__blob=publicationFile&v=4 Improvement of IT Infrastructure and Data Management Systems at the Geographic Institute of Burundi (IGEBU)]. Technical Report No. 5 of the project "Management and Protection of Groundwater Resources in Burundi", prepared by IGEBU & BGR, Hannover.

	BRGM. 2016. [https://www.brgm.eu/news-media/geosciences-journal-21-africa-land-of-knowledge Africa, a land of knowledge]. Geosciences, no. 21. BRGM.		BRGM. 2016. [https://www.brgm.eu/news-media/geosciences-journal-21-africa-land-of-knowledge Africa, a land of knowledge]. Geosciences, no. 21. BRGM.