Hydrogeology of Ghana - Revision history

LaurenGiles: /* Hydrogeology references */ WHYMAP link

2023-12-13T09:30:13Z

Hydrogeology references: WHYMAP link

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:30, 13 December 2023
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	Regassa E, Namara LH, Owusu Sarpong E, De Fraiture C and Owusu D. 2012. [https://gatesopenresearch.org/documents/3-66 Adoption of water lifting technologies for agricultural production in Ghana: implications for investments in smallholder irrigation system]. AgWater Solutions Project Case Study IWMI Ghana September 2012		Regassa E, Namara LH, Owusu Sarpong E, De Fraiture C and Owusu D. 2012. [https://gatesopenresearch.org/documents/3-66 Adoption of water lifting technologies for agricultural production in Ghana: implications for investments in smallholder irrigation system]. AgWater Solutions Project Case Study IWMI Ghana September 2012

	Survey Department of Ghana. 1967. Hydrogeological Map of Ghana. An older version of this can be viewed online at [https://www.~~bgr~~.de/~~app~~/~~fishy~~/~~whymis~~/~~index~~.~~php?&type=country&id=GHA~~ WHYMAP]		Survey Department of Ghana. 1967. Hydrogeological Map of Ghana. An older version of this can be viewed online at [https://www.whymap.org/whymap/EN/Home/whymap_node.html WHYMAP]

	Water Resources Commission. 2013. [https://www.wrc-gh.org/projects-and-programmes/hap-projects/ Hydrogeological Assessment of the Northern Region of Ghana Project (HAP)]. Webpage, Water Resources Commission, Ghana.		Water Resources Commission. 2013. [https://www.wrc-gh.org/projects-and-programmes/hap-projects/ Hydrogeological Assessment of the Northern Region of Ghana Project (HAP)]. Webpage, Water Resources Commission, Ghana.

LaurenGiles: /* Hydrogeology references */ water lifting technologies link

2023-12-13T09:29:21Z

Hydrogeology references: water lifting technologies link

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:29, 13 December 2023
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	Ó Dochartaigh BÉ, Davies J, Beamish D and MacDonald AM. 2011. [https://www2.bgs.ac.uk/africaGroundwaterAtlas/atlas.cfc?method=ViewDetails&id=AGLA000028 UNICEF IWASH Project, Northern Region, Ghana: An Adapted Training Manual for Groundwater Development]. British Geological Survey Report OR/11/047.		Ó Dochartaigh BÉ, Davies J, Beamish D and MacDonald AM. 2011. [https://www2.bgs.ac.uk/africaGroundwaterAtlas/atlas.cfc?method=ViewDetails&id=AGLA000028 UNICEF IWASH Project, Northern Region, Ghana: An Adapted Training Manual for Groundwater Development]. British Geological Survey Report OR/11/047.

	Regassa E, Namara LH, Owusu Sarpong E, De Fraiture C and Owusu D. 2012. [https://~~www.agriknowledge~~.org/~~downloads~~/~~c821gj80x~~ Adoption of water lifting technologies for agricultural production in Ghana: implications for investments in smallholder irrigation system]. AgWater Solutions Project Case Study IWMI Ghana September 2012		Regassa E, Namara LH, Owusu Sarpong E, De Fraiture C and Owusu D. 2012. [https://gatesopenresearch.org/documents/3-66 Adoption of water lifting technologies for agricultural production in Ghana: implications for investments in smallholder irrigation system]. AgWater Solutions Project Case Study IWMI Ghana September 2012

	Survey Department of Ghana. 1967. Hydrogeological Map of Ghana. An older version of this can be viewed online at [https://www.bgr.de/app/fishy/whymis/index.php?&type=country&id=GHA WHYMAP]		Survey Department of Ghana. 1967. Hydrogeological Map of Ghana. An older version of this can be viewed online at [https://www.bgr.de/app/fishy/whymis/index.php?&type=country&id=GHA WHYMAP]

LaurenGiles: /* Hydrogeology references */ Groundwater in sub-saharan africa link

2023-12-13T09:28:03Z

Hydrogeology references: Groundwater in sub-saharan africa link

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:28, 13 December 2023
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	Namara RE, Hope L, Sarpong EO, De Fraiture C and Owusu D. 2013. [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378377413002321 Adoption patterns and constraints pertaining to small-scale water lifting technologies in Ghana]. Agricultural Water Management, 131, 194-203.		Namara RE, Hope L, Sarpong EO, De Fraiture C and Owusu D. 2013. [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378377413002321 Adoption patterns and constraints pertaining to small-scale water lifting technologies in Ghana]. Agricultural Water Management, 131, 194-203.

	Obuobie E and Barry B. 2010. [https://gw-africa.iwmi.org/~~Data~~/~~Sites~~/24/~~media~~/~~pdf~~/~~2008_agr_305_year_2_progress_report-narrative~~-~~final~~.pdf Groundwater in sub-Saharan Africa: Implications for food security and livelihoods. Ghana Country Status on Groundwater]. Final report.		Obuobie E and Barry B. 2010. [https://gw-africa.iwmi.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2018/10/Country_Report-Ghana.pdf Groundwater in sub-Saharan Africa: Implications for food security and livelihoods. Ghana Country Status on Groundwater]. Final report.

	Obubie E and Barry B. 2012. Ghana. Chapter in P Pavelic, M Giordano, B Keraita, T Rao, and V Ramesh (Eds.), [https://www2.bgs.ac.uk/africaGroundwaterAtlas/atlas.cfc?method=ViewDetails&id=AGLA600020 Groundwater availability and use in Sub-Saharan Africa: a review of 15 countries]; Ch. 4, pp.43-64. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI), doi: 10.5337/2012.213		Obubie E and Barry B. 2012. Ghana. Chapter in P Pavelic, M Giordano, B Keraita, T Rao, and V Ramesh (Eds.), [https://www2.bgs.ac.uk/africaGroundwaterAtlas/atlas.cfc?method=ViewDetails&id=AGLA600020 Groundwater availability and use in Sub-Saharan Africa: a review of 15 countries]; Ch. 4, pp.43-64. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI), doi: 10.5337/2012.213

LaurenGiles: /* Hydrogeology references */ BGS/wateraid leaflet link

2023-12-13T09:23:57Z

Hydrogeology references: BGS/wateraid leaflet link

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:23, 13 December 2023
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	Barry B, Kortatsi B, Forkuor G, Gumma M, Namara RE, Rebelo LM, vandenBerg J and Laube W. 2010. [https://www2.bgs.ac.uk/africaGroundwaterAtlas/atlas.cfc?method=ViewDetails&id=AGLA600028 Shallow groundwater in the Atankwidi Catchment of the White Volta Basin: current status and future sustainability]. International Water Management Institute.		Barry B, Kortatsi B, Forkuor G, Gumma M, Namara RE, Rebelo LM, vandenBerg J and Laube W. 2010. [https://www2.bgs.ac.uk/africaGroundwaterAtlas/atlas.cfc?method=ViewDetails&id=AGLA600028 Shallow groundwater in the Atankwidi Catchment of the White Volta Basin: current status and future sustainability]. International Water Management Institute.

	British Geological Survey/WaterAid. [https://~~www~~.~~wateraid~~.~~org~~/~/~~media~~/~~Publications~~/~~groundwater-quality-information-ghana.pdf~~ Groundwater Quality: Ghana]. Leaflet		British Geological Survey/WaterAid. [https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/516313/ Groundwater Quality: Ghana]. Leaflet

	Carrier MA, Lefebre R, Racicot J and Asare EB. 2008. [https://wedc-knowledge.lboro.ac.uk/resources/conference/33/Carrier_MA_GHA.pdf Northern Ghana Hydrogeological Assessment Project]. Paper presented at 33rd WEDC International Conferences, Accra, Ghana, 2008.		Carrier MA, Lefebre R, Racicot J and Asare EB. 2008. [https://wedc-knowledge.lboro.ac.uk/resources/conference/33/Carrier_MA_GHA.pdf Northern Ghana Hydrogeological Assessment Project]. Paper presented at 33rd WEDC International Conferences, Accra, Ghana, 2008.

Beod: /* References */

2022-11-10T14:20:12Z

References

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:20, 10 November 2022
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	Many of the references below, and others relating to the hydrogeology of Ghana, can be found in the [https://www2.bgs.ac.uk/africaGroundwaterAtlas/atlas.cfc?method=listResults&title_search=&author_search=&category_search=&country_search=GH&placeboolean=AND&singlecountry=1 Africa Groundwater Literature Archive].		Many of the references below, and others relating to the hydrogeology of Ghana, can be found in the [https://www2.bgs.ac.uk/africaGroundwaterAtlas/atlas.cfc?method=listResults&title_search=&author_search=&category_search=&country_search=GH&placeboolean=AND&singlecountry=1 Africa Groundwater Literature Archive].

	===Geology ~~References~~===		===Geology references===

	Geological Survey Department of Ghana. 2009. The Geological Map of Ghana (Scale 1: 1,000,000)		Geological Survey Department of Ghana. 2009. The Geological Map of Ghana (Scale 1: 1,000,000)
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	The Geological Survey Department and Minerals Commissions are the key institutions in the country for acquisition of geological information. Hard copies of the two geological maps of Ghana referenced above can be obtained at a fee from the Geological Survey of Ghana.		The Geological Survey Department and Minerals Commissions are the key institutions in the country for acquisition of geological information. Hard copies of the two geological maps of Ghana referenced above can be obtained at a fee from the Geological Survey of Ghana.

	===Hydrogeology ~~References~~===		===Hydrogeology references===

	Agyekum WA and Dapaah-Siakwan S. 2008. The Occurrence of Groundwater in Northeastern Ghana. In: Adelana and MacDonald (eds), Applied Groundwater Studies in Africa: IAH Selected Papers on Hydrogeology 13.		Agyekum WA and Dapaah-Siakwan S. 2008. The Occurrence of Groundwater in Northeastern Ghana. In: Adelana and MacDonald (eds), Applied Groundwater Studies in Africa: IAH Selected Papers on Hydrogeology 13.
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	Return to the index pages:		Return to the index pages:
	[[~~Overview of~~ Africa Groundwater Atlas \| Africa Groundwater Atlas]] >> [[Hydrogeology by country \| Hydrogeology by country]]		[[Africa Groundwater Atlas Home \| Africa Groundwater Atlas]] >> [[Hydrogeology by country \| Hydrogeology by country]]

Beod: /* Groundwater use and management */

2022-10-31T15:00:16Z

Groundwater use and management

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	The regulation of water disposal is a mandate of a separate entity, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The EPA is represented on the WRC board and collaborates with the WRC in the issuance of waste disposal licences to avoid pollution of water resources. However, the collaboration is weak leading to conflicting situations in some cases.		The regulation of water disposal is a mandate of a separate entity, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The EPA is represented on the WRC board and collaborates with the WRC in the issuance of waste disposal licences to avoid pollution of water resources. However, the collaboration is weak leading to conflicting situations in some cases.

			=== Groundwater monitoring===

			Groundwater level monitoring in Ghana is carried out at a national level by GAEC and CSIR-WRI on behalf of the WRC, but monitoring networks have mostly been developed though projects implemented at river basin level, in particular projects funded by CIDA, DANIDA, and the European Union between 2005 and 2012. During these projects, about 70 new monitoring boreholes were installed in Ghana in the Volta River, Tano, Ankobra, Pra and Densu river basins. Some 37 of these are in the Volta basin, and are currently being monitored by GAEC on behalf of the WRC, including some water chemistry and isotope monitoring ([https://www.un-igrac.org/sites/default/files/resources/files/National%20groundwater%20monitoring%20programmes%20-%20A%20global%20overview%20of%20quantitative%20groundwater%20monitoring%20networks-2021%20update_0.pdf IGRAC 2020]). However, there is no national groundwater quality monitoring programmes.

			Groundwater level monitoring data are stored in a database at WRC and also at CSIR-WRI. Data may be available to the general public by request. Yearly groundwater monitoring reports are also published by WRC ([https://www.un-igrac.org/sites/default/files/resources/files/National%20groundwater%20monitoring%20programmes%20-%20A%20global%20overview%20of%20quantitative%20groundwater%20monitoring%20networks-2021%20update_0.pdf IGRAC 2020]).

	=== Transboundary aquifers===		=== Transboundary aquifers===

	Ghana shares in two main transboundary aquifers, both of which are coastal:		Ghana shares in two main transboundary aquifers, both of which are coastal:

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	For further information about transboundary aquifers, please see the [[Transboundary aquifers \| Transboundary aquifers resources page]]		For further information about transboundary aquifers, please see the [[Transboundary aquifers \| Transboundary aquifers resources page]]


	~~=== Groundwater monitoring===~~
	Groundwater level monitoring in Ghana is managed at a national level. A limited number of monitoring wells have been established as part of previous groundwater projects implemented at river basin level. Between 2005 and 2012, a total of 70 monitoring wells were installed in Ghana in the Volta River, Tano, Ankobra and Densu river basins. These were funded by DANIDA, the European Union and CIDA.

	Ghana’s Water Resources Commission (WRC) mandated the CSIR Water Research Institute to undertake groundwater level monitoring. The collected data are currently stored in the WRC. Ghana also undertook a separate national groundwater monitoring project, in which monitoring is currently done by the Ghana Atomic Commission on behalf of the Water Resource Commission.

	~~There are no groundwater quality monitoring programmes.~~

	==References==		==References==

Beod: /* Groundwater management */

2022-10-31T14:44:18Z

Groundwater management

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	=== Groundwater management===		=== Groundwater management===

	~~The key~~ institutions ~~responsible for groundwater management in Ghana are:~~		'''Key institutions'''

	* The Water Directorate of the Ministry of Water Resources ~~Works and Housing: this~~ is ~~the focal point~~ for ~~coordination of the~~ water and water-related sanitation sector ~~for policy harmonisation, sector~~-~~wide monitoring and evaluation of Ghana Poverty Reduction Strategy (GPRS) outcomes and Millennium Development Goal (MDG) targets, as well as coordination of foreign assistance (donor support~~/~~partnership~~) ~~in the water sector.~~		* The '''Water Directorate''' of the '''Ministry of Sanitation and Water Resources (MSWR)''', which since 2017 is responsible for water resources management, drinking water and the water-related sanitation sector ([https://www.un-igrac.org/sites/default/files/resources/files/National%20groundwater%20monitoring%20programmes%20-%20A%20global%20overview%20of%20quantitative%20groundwater%20monitoring%20networks-2021%20update_0.pdf IGRAC 2020])
	* The Water Resources Commission (WRC): ~~The WRC is~~ mandated to regulate and manage the utilisation of water resources (~~both~~ surface and groundwater) and to coordinate government policies ~~in relation to them~~. The WRC also provides a focal point for fostering coordination and collaboration among the various actors in the water resources sector.
	* The ~~CSIR~~ Water Research Institute (WRI)~~: The WRI are responsible~~ for ~~conducting research into all aspects of water in~~ Ghana~~, in order to provide scientific and technical information and services as well as strategies~~ for ~~the sustainable development~~, ~~utilisation and management of such resources for~~ the ~~socio-economic advancement of the country.~~		* The '''Water Resources Commission (WRC)''': mandated to regulate and manage the utilisation of water resources (surface and groundwater) and to coordinate relevant government policies. The WRC also provides a focal point for fostering coordination and collaboration among the various actors in the water resources sector.
	* Community Water and Sanitation Agency (CWSA)~~: The CWSA are~~ responsible for ~~facilitating~~ the provision of safe drinking water and related sanitation services to rural communities and small towns ~~in the country~~.
	* Ghana Water Company Limited (GWCL)~~: The GWCL are~~ responsible for ~~the provision of~~ domestic water supply to cities and towns ~~in the country~~.		* The '''Groundwater Division''' of the '''Council for Scientific and Industrial Research - Water Research Institute ((CSIR-WRI)''' has responsibility for groundwater monitoring, under the WRC.
	*The Hydrological Services Department (HSD): This Department is under the auspices of the Ministry of Housing and Water ~~Resources of Ghana. They are responsible for all river flow gauging stations in the country.~~
			* the '''Ghana Atomic Energy Commission (GAEC)''' also has responsibility for some groundwater monitoring, under the WRC

			* '''Community Water and Sanitation Agency (CWSA)''' is responsible for the provision of safe drinking water and related sanitation services to rural communities and small towns.

			* '''Ghana Water Company Limited (GWCL)''' is responsible for domestic water supply to cities and towns.

			'''Water policy'''

	There is not yet a separate legal framework for groundwater management in Ghana. The current legal framework is for both surface and groundwater. There is no longer private ownership of water resources in Ghana. The ownership of water resources, including groundwater, is vested in the president per section 12 of the Water Resources Commission Act (1996): “the property in and the control of all water resources is vested in the President, or anyone authorized by the President, on behalf of and in trust for the people of Ghana”.		There is not yet a separate legal framework for groundwater management in Ghana. The current legal framework is for both surface and groundwater. There is no longer private ownership of water resources in Ghana. The ownership of water resources, including groundwater, is vested in the president per section 12 of the Water Resources Commission Act (1996): “the property in and the control of all water resources is vested in the President, or anyone authorized by the President, on behalf of and in trust for the people of Ghana”.

	The Water Resources Commission has enacted legislative instrument (LI) under Act 522 of 1996 to guide the use and management of water resources in the country. These LI include:		The Water Resources Commission has enacted legislative instrument (LI) under Act 522 of 1996 to guide the use and management of water resources in the country. These include:

	* The Water Use Regulations (LI 1692 of 2001), which is for granting water permits for the regulation of surface and groundwater abstraction		* The Water Use Regulations (LI 1692 of 2001), which is for granting water permits for the regulation of surface and groundwater abstraction

	* The Water Drilling Licence and Groundwater Development Regulations (LI 1827 of 2006) to regulate the development of groundwater resources.		* The Water Drilling Licence and Groundwater Development Regulations (LI 1827 of 2006) to regulate the development of groundwater resources.

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	The regulation of water disposal is a mandate of a separate entity, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The EPA is represented on the WRC board and collaborates with the WRC in the issuance of waste disposal licences to avoid pollution of water resources. However, the collaboration is weak leading to conflicting situations in some cases.		The regulation of water disposal is a mandate of a separate entity, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The EPA is represented on the WRC board and collaborates with the WRC in the issuance of waste disposal licences to avoid pollution of water resources. However, the collaboration is weak leading to conflicting situations in some cases.


	=== Transboundary aquifers===		=== Transboundary aquifers===

Beod: /* References */

2022-10-31T14:23:35Z

References

Beod: /* Hydrogeology */

2021-09-17T08:20:20Z

Hydrogeology

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:20, 17 September 2021
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	This section provides a summary of the hydrogeology of the main aquifers in Ghana, on the lithostratigraphic divisions described in the Geology section. The hydrogeology of some of the sub-divisions of the major units is summarised, although the units are not distinguished on the map on this page. More information is available in the references listed at the bottom of this page.		This section provides a summary of the hydrogeology of the main aquifers in Ghana, on the lithostratigraphic divisions described in the Geology section. The hydrogeology of some of the sub-divisions of the major units is summarised, although the units are not distinguished on the map on this page. More information is available in the references listed at the bottom of this page.

	The hydrogeology map on this page shows a simplified version of the type and productivity of the main aquifers at a national scale (see the [[Hydrogeology ~~Map~~ \| hydrogeology map]] resource page for more details).		The hydrogeology map on this page shows a simplified version of the type and productivity of the main aquifers at a national scale (see the [[Africa Groundwater Atlas Hydrogeology Maps \| hydrogeology map]] resource page for more details).

	[https://www.bgs.ac.uk/africagroundwateratlas/downloadGIS.html '''Download a GIS shapefile of the Ghana geology and hydrogeology map'''].		[https://www.bgs.ac.uk/africagroundwateratlas/downloadGIS.html '''Download a GIS shapefile of the Ghana geology and hydrogeology map'''].

Beod at 08:15, 17 September 2021

2021-09-17T08:15:28Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:15, 17 September 2021
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	==Geology==		==Geology==

	This section provides a summary of the geology of Ghana. More detail can be found in the references listed at the bottom of this page. Many of these references can be accessed through the [http://~~www~~.bgs.ac.uk/africagroundwateratlas/index.cfm Africa Groundwater Literature Archive].		This section provides a summary of the geology of Ghana. More detail can be found in the references listed at the bottom of this page. Many of these references can be accessed through the [http://www2.bgs.ac.uk/africagroundwateratlas/index.cfm Africa Groundwater Literature Archive].

	The geology map on this page shows a simplified version of the geology at a national scale (see the [[Geology \| geology resource page]] for more details).		The geology map on this page shows a simplified version of the geology at a national scale (see the [[Geology \| geology resource page]] for more details).
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	==References==		==References==

	Many of the references below, and others relating to the hydrogeology of Ghana, can be found in the [https://~~www~~.bgs.ac.uk/africaGroundwaterAtlas/atlas.cfc?method=listResults&title_search=&author_search=&category_search=&country_search=GH&placeboolean=AND&singlecountry=1 Africa Groundwater Literature Archive].		Many of the references below, and others relating to the hydrogeology of Ghana, can be found in the [https://www2.bgs.ac.uk/africaGroundwaterAtlas/atlas.cfc?method=listResults&title_search=&author_search=&category_search=&country_search=GH&placeboolean=AND&singlecountry=1 Africa Groundwater Literature Archive].

	===Key Geology References===		===Key Geology References===
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	Awuni JA and Akuriba MA. 2013. [http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02508060.2013.819454 Small pumps and the poor: a field survey in the Upper East Region of Ghana]. Water International, 38:4, 449-464, DOI: 10.1080/02508060.2013.819454		Awuni JA and Akuriba MA. 2013. [http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02508060.2013.819454 Small pumps and the poor: a field survey in the Upper East Region of Ghana]. Water International, 38:4, 449-464, DOI: 10.1080/02508060.2013.819454

	Barry B, Kortatsi B, Forkuor G, Gumma M, Namara RE, Rebelo LM, vandenBerg J and Laube W. 2010. [https://~~www~~.bgs.ac.uk/africaGroundwaterAtlas/atlas.cfc?method=ViewDetails&id=AGLA600028 Shallow groundwater in the Atankwidi Catchment of the White Volta Basin: current status and future sustainability]. International Water Management Institute.		Barry B, Kortatsi B, Forkuor G, Gumma M, Namara RE, Rebelo LM, vandenBerg J and Laube W. 2010. [https://www2.bgs.ac.uk/africaGroundwaterAtlas/atlas.cfc?method=ViewDetails&id=AGLA600028 Shallow groundwater in the Atankwidi Catchment of the White Volta Basin: current status and future sustainability]. International Water Management Institute.

	British Geological Survey/WaterAid. [http://www.wateraid.org/~/media/Publications/groundwater-quality-information-ghana.pdf Groundwater Quality: Ghana]. Leaflet		British Geological Survey/WaterAid. [http://www.wateraid.org/~/media/Publications/groundwater-quality-information-ghana.pdf Groundwater Quality: Ghana]. Leaflet
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	Obuobie E and Barry B. 2010. [http://gw-africa.iwmi.org/Data/Sites/24/media/pdf/2008_agr_305_year_2_progress_report-narrative-final.pdf Groundwater in sub-Saharan Africa: Implications for food security and livelihoods. Ghana Country Status on Groundwater]. Final report.		Obuobie E and Barry B. 2010. [http://gw-africa.iwmi.org/Data/Sites/24/media/pdf/2008_agr_305_year_2_progress_report-narrative-final.pdf Groundwater in sub-Saharan Africa: Implications for food security and livelihoods. Ghana Country Status on Groundwater]. Final report.

	Obubie E and Barry B. 2012. Ghana. Chapter in P Pavelic, M Giordano, B Keraita, T Rao, and V Ramesh (Eds.), [https://~~www~~.bgs.ac.uk/africaGroundwaterAtlas/atlas.cfc?method=ViewDetails&id=AGLA600020 Groundwater availability and use in Sub-Saharan Africa: a review of 15 countries]; Ch. 4, pp.43-64. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI), doi: 10.5337/2012.213		Obubie E and Barry B. 2012. Ghana. Chapter in P Pavelic, M Giordano, B Keraita, T Rao, and V Ramesh (Eds.), [https://www2.bgs.ac.uk/africaGroundwaterAtlas/atlas.cfc?method=ViewDetails&id=AGLA600020 Groundwater availability and use in Sub-Saharan Africa: a review of 15 countries]; Ch. 4, pp.43-64. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI), doi: 10.5337/2012.213

	Obuobie E, Ofori D, Kwaku Agodzo S and Okrah C. 2013. [http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02508060.2013.814212 Groundwater potential for dry-season irrigation in north-eastern Ghana]. Water International, 38:4, 433-448, DOI: 10.1080/02508060.2013.814212		Obuobie E, Ofori D, Kwaku Agodzo S and Okrah C. 2013. [http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02508060.2013.814212 Groundwater potential for dry-season irrigation in north-eastern Ghana]. Water International, 38:4, 433-448, DOI: 10.1080/02508060.2013.814212

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:23, 31 October 2022
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	Many of the references below, and others relating to the hydrogeology of Ghana, can be found in the [https://www2.bgs.ac.uk/africaGroundwaterAtlas/atlas.cfc?method=listResults&title_search=&author_search=&category_search=&country_search=GH&placeboolean=AND&singlecountry=1 Africa Groundwater Literature Archive].		Many of the references below, and others relating to the hydrogeology of Ghana, can be found in the [https://www2.bgs.ac.uk/africaGroundwaterAtlas/atlas.cfc?method=listResults&title_search=&author_search=&category_search=&country_search=GH&placeboolean=AND&singlecountry=1 Africa Groundwater Literature Archive].

	===~~Key~~ Geology References===		===Geology References===

	Geological Survey Department of Ghana. 2009. The Geological Map of Ghana (Scale 1: 1,000,000)		Geological Survey Department of Ghana. 2009. The Geological Map of Ghana (Scale 1: 1,000,000)
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	Bates DA. 1995. Geological Map of Ghana. Ghana Geological Survey, Accra, Ghana		Bates DA. 1995. Geological Map of Ghana. Ghana Geological Survey, Accra, Ghana

	Carney JN, Jordan CJ, Thomas CW, Condon DJ, Kemp SJ and Duodo JA. 2010. [~~http~~://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301926810002093 Lithostratigraphy, sedimentation and evolution of the Volta Basin in Ghana]. Precambrian Research, Vol.183, Issue 4, pp 701-724		Carney JN, Jordan CJ, Thomas CW, Condon DJ, Kemp SJ and Duodo JA. 2010. [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301926810002093 Lithostratigraphy, sedimentation and evolution of the Volta Basin in Ghana]. Precambrian Research, Vol.183, Issue 4, pp 701-724

	Dickson KB and Benneh G. 1980. A new Geography of Ghana. Metricated Edition, Pearson Education Limited, Harlow, UK.		Dickson KB and Benneh G. 1980. A new Geography of Ghana. Metricated Edition, Pearson Education Limited, Harlow, UK.

	Kalsbeek F (Ed). 2008. [~~http~~://www.geus.dk/program-areas/common/voltaian_workshop_report.pdf The Voltaian Basin, Ghana: Workshop and Excursion, March 10-17, 2009].		Kalsbeek F (Ed). 2008. [https://www.geus.dk/program-areas/common/voltaian_workshop_report.pdf The Voltaian Basin, Ghana: Workshop and Excursion, March 10-17, 2009].

	Kesse GO. 1985. The Mineral and Rock Resources of Ghana. I–XIV, 1–610; Balkema, Rotterdam.		Kesse GO. 1985. The Mineral and Rock Resources of Ghana. I–XIV, 1–610; Balkema, Rotterdam.
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	The Geological Survey Department and Minerals Commissions are the key institutions in the country for acquisition of geological information. Hard copies of the two geological maps of Ghana referenced above can be obtained at a fee from the Geological Survey of Ghana.		The Geological Survey Department and Minerals Commissions are the key institutions in the country for acquisition of geological information. Hard copies of the two geological maps of Ghana referenced above can be obtained at a fee from the Geological Survey of Ghana.

	===~~Key~~ Hydrogeology References===		===Hydrogeology References===

	Agyekum WA and Dapaah-Siakwan S. 2008. The Occurrence of Groundwater in Northeastern Ghana. In: Adelana and MacDonald (eds), Applied Groundwater Studies in Africa: IAH Selected Papers on Hydrogeology 13.		Agyekum WA and Dapaah-Siakwan S. 2008. The Occurrence of Groundwater in Northeastern Ghana. In: Adelana and MacDonald (eds), Applied Groundwater Studies in Africa: IAH Selected Papers on Hydrogeology 13.

	Awuni JA and Akuriba MA. 2013. [~~http~~://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02508060.2013.819454 Small pumps and the poor: a field survey in the Upper East Region of Ghana]. Water International, 38:4, 449-464, DOI: 10.1080/02508060.2013.819454		Awuni JA and Akuriba MA. 2013. [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02508060.2013.819454 Small pumps and the poor: a field survey in the Upper East Region of Ghana]. Water International, 38:4, 449-464, DOI: 10.1080/02508060.2013.819454

	Barry B, Kortatsi B, Forkuor G, Gumma M, Namara RE, Rebelo LM, vandenBerg J and Laube W. 2010. [https://www2.bgs.ac.uk/africaGroundwaterAtlas/atlas.cfc?method=ViewDetails&id=AGLA600028 Shallow groundwater in the Atankwidi Catchment of the White Volta Basin: current status and future sustainability]. International Water Management Institute.		Barry B, Kortatsi B, Forkuor G, Gumma M, Namara RE, Rebelo LM, vandenBerg J and Laube W. 2010. [https://www2.bgs.ac.uk/africaGroundwaterAtlas/atlas.cfc?method=ViewDetails&id=AGLA600028 Shallow groundwater in the Atankwidi Catchment of the White Volta Basin: current status and future sustainability]. International Water Management Institute.

	British Geological Survey/WaterAid. [~~http~~://www.wateraid.org/~/media/Publications/groundwater-quality-information-ghana.pdf Groundwater Quality: Ghana]. Leaflet		British Geological Survey/WaterAid. [https://www.wateraid.org/~/media/Publications/groundwater-quality-information-ghana.pdf Groundwater Quality: Ghana]. Leaflet

	Carrier MA, Lefebre R, Racicot J and Asare EB. 2008. [https://wedc-knowledge.lboro.ac.uk/resources/conference/33/Carrier_MA_GHA.pdf Northern Ghana Hydrogeological Assessment Project]. Paper presented at 33rd WEDC International Conferences, Accra, Ghana, 2008.		Carrier MA, Lefebre R, Racicot J and Asare EB. 2008. [https://wedc-knowledge.lboro.ac.uk/resources/conference/33/Carrier_MA_GHA.pdf Northern Ghana Hydrogeological Assessment Project]. Paper presented at 33rd WEDC International Conferences, Accra, Ghana, 2008.
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	(IWMI Working Paper 147). Doi: 10.5337/2012.209		(IWMI Working Paper 147). Doi: 10.5337/2012.209

	Forkuor G, Pavelic P, Asare E and Obuobie E. 2013. [~~http~~://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02626667.2012.754101 Modelling potential areas of groundwater development for agriculture in northern Ghana using GIS/RS]. Hydrological		Forkuor G, Pavelic P, Asare E and Obuobie E. 2013. [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02626667.2012.754101 Modelling potential areas of groundwater development for agriculture in northern Ghana using GIS/RS]. Hydrological
	Sciences Journal, 58:2, 437-451, DOI: 10.1080/02626667.2012.754101		Sciences Journal, 58:2, 437-451, DOI: 10.1080/02626667.2012.754101

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	HAP (Hydrological Assessment Project of Northern Ghana). 2006. Hydrological assessment of the Northern Regions of Ghana: A bibliographical review of selected papers. CIDA, WRC, SNC-LAVALIN International.		HAP (Hydrological Assessment Project of Northern Ghana). 2006. Hydrological assessment of the Northern Regions of Ghana: A bibliographical review of selected papers. CIDA, WRC, SNC-LAVALIN International.

			IGRAC. 2020. [https://www.un-igrac.org/sites/default/files/resources/files/National%20groundwater%20monitoring%20programmes%20-%20A%20global%20overview%20of%20quantitative%20groundwater%20monitoring%20networks-2021%20update_0.pdf Groundwater Monitoring Programmes: a global overview of quantitative groundwater monitoring networks].

	Kesse GO. 1985. The Mineral and Rock Resources of Ghana. A. A. Balkema/Rotterdam/Boston, 1985		Kesse GO. 1985. The Mineral and Rock Resources of Ghana. A. A. Balkema/Rotterdam/Boston, 1985

	Martin N. 2006. [~~http~~://www.zef.de/fileadmin/template/Glowa/Downloads/thesis_martin.pdf Development of a water balance for the Atankwidi catchment, West Africa – a case study of groundwater recharge in a semi-arid climate]. Cuvillier Verlag Gottingen, Ecology and Development Series, No. 41, 168 pp.		Martin N. 2006. [https://www.zef.de/fileadmin/template/Glowa/Downloads/thesis_martin.pdf Development of a water balance for the Atankwidi catchment, West Africa – a case study of groundwater recharge in a semi-arid climate]. Cuvillier Verlag Gottingen, Ecology and Development Series, No. 41, 168 pp.

	Namara RE, Awuni JA, Barry B, Giordano M, Hope L, Owusu ES and Forkuor G. 2011. [https://cgspace.cgiar.org/handle/10568/16763 Smallholder shallow groundwater irrigation development in the upper east region of Ghana]. Vol. 143. IWMI.		Namara RE, Awuni JA, Barry B, Giordano M, Hope L, Owusu ES and Forkuor G. 2011. [https://cgspace.cgiar.org/handle/10568/16763 Smallholder shallow groundwater irrigation development in the upper east region of Ghana]. Vol. 143. IWMI.
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	Namara RE, Hope L, Sarpong EO, De Fraiture C and Owusu D. 2013. [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378377413002321 Adoption patterns and constraints pertaining to small-scale water lifting technologies in Ghana]. Agricultural Water Management, 131, 194-203.		Namara RE, Hope L, Sarpong EO, De Fraiture C and Owusu D. 2013. [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378377413002321 Adoption patterns and constraints pertaining to small-scale water lifting technologies in Ghana]. Agricultural Water Management, 131, 194-203.

	Obuobie E and Barry B. 2010. [~~http~~://gw-africa.iwmi.org/Data/Sites/24/media/pdf/2008_agr_305_year_2_progress_report-narrative-final.pdf Groundwater in sub-Saharan Africa: Implications for food security and livelihoods. Ghana Country Status on Groundwater]. Final report.		Obuobie E and Barry B. 2010. [https://gw-africa.iwmi.org/Data/Sites/24/media/pdf/2008_agr_305_year_2_progress_report-narrative-final.pdf Groundwater in sub-Saharan Africa: Implications for food security and livelihoods. Ghana Country Status on Groundwater]. Final report.

	Obubie E and Barry B. 2012. Ghana. Chapter in P Pavelic, M Giordano, B Keraita, T Rao, and V Ramesh (Eds.), [https://www2.bgs.ac.uk/africaGroundwaterAtlas/atlas.cfc?method=ViewDetails&id=AGLA600020 Groundwater availability and use in Sub-Saharan Africa: a review of 15 countries]; Ch. 4, pp.43-64. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI), doi: 10.5337/2012.213		Obubie E and Barry B. 2012. Ghana. Chapter in P Pavelic, M Giordano, B Keraita, T Rao, and V Ramesh (Eds.), [https://www2.bgs.ac.uk/africaGroundwaterAtlas/atlas.cfc?method=ViewDetails&id=AGLA600020 Groundwater availability and use in Sub-Saharan Africa: a review of 15 countries]; Ch. 4, pp.43-64. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI), doi: 10.5337/2012.213

	Obuobie E, Ofori D, Kwaku Agodzo S and Okrah C. 2013. [~~http~~://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02508060.2013.814212 Groundwater potential for dry-season irrigation in north-eastern Ghana]. Water International, 38:4, 433-448, DOI: 10.1080/02508060.2013.814212		Obuobie E, Ofori D, Kwaku Agodzo S and Okrah C. 2013. [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02508060.2013.814212 Groundwater potential for dry-season irrigation in north-eastern Ghana]. Water International, 38:4, 433-448, DOI: 10.1080/02508060.2013.814212

	Ó Dochartaigh BÉ, Davies J, Beamish D and MacDonald AM. 2011. [https://www2.bgs.ac.uk/africaGroundwaterAtlas/atlas.cfc?method=ViewDetails&id=AGLA000028 UNICEF IWASH Project, Northern Region, Ghana: An Adapted Training Manual for Groundwater Development]. British Geological Survey Report OR/11/047.		Ó Dochartaigh BÉ, Davies J, Beamish D and MacDonald AM. 2011. [https://www2.bgs.ac.uk/africaGroundwaterAtlas/atlas.cfc?method=ViewDetails&id=AGLA000028 UNICEF IWASH Project, Northern Region, Ghana: An Adapted Training Manual for Groundwater Development]. British Geological Survey Report OR/11/047.
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	Regassa E, Namara LH, Owusu Sarpong E, De Fraiture C and Owusu D. 2012. [https://www.agriknowledge.org/downloads/c821gj80x Adoption of water lifting technologies for agricultural production in Ghana: implications for investments in smallholder irrigation system]. AgWater Solutions Project Case Study IWMI Ghana September 2012		Regassa E, Namara LH, Owusu Sarpong E, De Fraiture C and Owusu D. 2012. [https://www.agriknowledge.org/downloads/c821gj80x Adoption of water lifting technologies for agricultural production in Ghana: implications for investments in smallholder irrigation system]. AgWater Solutions Project Case Study IWMI Ghana September 2012

	Survey Department of Ghana. 1967. Hydrogeological Map of Ghana. An older version of this can be viewed online at [~~http~~://www.bgr.de/app/fishy/whymis/index.php?&type=country&id=GHA WHYMAP]		Survey Department of Ghana. 1967. Hydrogeological Map of Ghana. An older version of this can be viewed online at [https://www.bgr.de/app/fishy/whymis/index.php?&type=country&id=GHA WHYMAP]

	Water Resources Commission. 2013. [~~http~~://www.wrc-gh.org/projects-and-programmes/hap-projects/ Hydrogeological Assessment of the Northern Region of Ghana Project (HAP)]. Webpage, Water Resources Commission, Ghana.		Water Resources Commission. 2013. [https://www.wrc-gh.org/projects-and-programmes/hap-projects/ Hydrogeological Assessment of the Northern Region of Ghana Project (HAP)]. Webpage, Water Resources Commission, Ghana.