Overview of Groundwater in Africa - Revision history

LaurenGiles: /* Advantages of groundwater as a water resource in Africa */ removed a rouge '/'

2023-11-29T09:06:24Z

Advantages of groundwater as a water resource in Africa: removed a rouge '/'

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	*Groundwater can be found in most environments, at least enough to provide small domestic supplies. It is therefore usually available close to the point of demand.		*Groundwater can be found in most environments, at least enough to provide small domestic supplies. It is therefore usually available close to the point of demand.
	*Groundwater usually has excellent natural water quality and is usually suitable for potable use with no prior treatment.		*Groundwater usually has excellent natural water quality and is usually suitable for potable use with no prior treatment.
	*Groundwater is naturally more protected from contamination than surface water/		*Groundwater is naturally more protected from contamination than surface water
	*Groundwater provides large volumes of natural water storage. Seasonal variations in amount or quality aren't usually significant, so that groundwater is more drought resistant than surface waters.		*Groundwater provides large volumes of natural water storage. Seasonal variations in amount or quality aren't usually significant, so that groundwater is more drought resistant than surface waters.
	*Groundwater lends itself well to principles of community management. It can be developed incrementally, often at relatively low cost/initial capital investment.		*Groundwater lends itself well to principles of community management. It can be developed incrementally, often at relatively low cost/initial capital investment.

Dbk: Removed protection from "Overview of Groundwater in Africa"

2023-11-28T14:34:38Z

Removed protection from "Overview of Groundwater in Africa"

← Older revision	Revision as of 15:34, 28 November 2023
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Dbk: Changed protection settings for "Overview of Groundwater in Africa" ([Edit=Allow only administrators] (indefinite) [Move=Allow only administrators] (indefinite))

2023-11-28T14:33:03Z

Changed protection settings for "Overview of Groundwater in Africa" ([Edit=Allow only administrators] (indefinite) [Move=Allow only administrators] (indefinite))

← Older revision	Revision as of 15:33, 28 November 2023
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KirstyUpton at 14:26, 28 November 2023

2023-11-28T14:26:29Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:26, 28 November 2023
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	Please cite page as: Africa Groundwater Atlas. 2019. Overview of Groundwater in Africa. British Geological Survey. Accessed [date you accessed the information]. ''Weblink''.		Please cite page as: Africa Groundwater Atlas. 2019. Overview of Groundwater in Africa. British Geological Survey. Accessed [date you accessed the information]. ''Weblink''.

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	==Groundwater in Africa==		==Groundwater in Africa==

KirstyUpton at 14:26, 28 November 2023

2023-11-28T14:26:17Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:26, 28 November 2023
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	Please cite page as: Africa Groundwater Atlas. 2019. Overview of Groundwater in Africa. British Geological Survey. Accessed [date you accessed the information]. ''Weblink''.		Please cite page as: Africa Groundwater Atlas. 2019. Overview of Groundwater in Africa. British Geological Survey. Accessed [date you accessed the information]. ''Weblink''.

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	==Groundwater in Africa==		==Groundwater in Africa==

KirstyUpton at 11:52, 17 August 2023

2023-08-17T11:52:48Z

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	Maps summarising the hydrogeology of Africa:		Maps summarising the hydrogeology of Africa:
	[https://~~www~~.bgs.ac.uk~~/research~~/groundwater/international/africanGroundwater/maps.html Quantitative Groundwater Maps for Africa]		[https://www2.bgs.ac.uk/groundwater/international/africanGroundwater/maps.html Quantitative Groundwater Maps for Africa]

	MacDonald, A.M. & Davies, J. 2000. [https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/501047/ A brief review of groundwater for rural water supply in sub-Saharan Africa]. British Geological Survey Report WC/00/033.		MacDonald, A.M. & Davies, J. 2000. [https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/501047/ A brief review of groundwater for rural water supply in sub-Saharan Africa]. British Geological Survey Report WC/00/033.

Beod: /* Hydrogeological environments in Africa */

2023-01-30T12:01:36Z

Hydrogeological environments in Africa

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	===Hydrogeological environments in Africa===		===Hydrogeological environments in Africa===

	How and where groundwater occurs depends primarily on '''geology'''~~, '''geomorphology/~~weathering~~''',~~ and '''rainfall''' (both current and historic). The interaction between these ~~three~~ factors gives rise to complex hydrogeological environments, with countless variations in the quantity, quality, ease of access to and renewability of groundwater resources. Because the hydrogeology - how groundwater exists and behaves - is different ~~in each environment~~, different methods ~~are needed~~ to find, abstract and manage groundwater. ~~Successfully developing groundwater resources depends on a~~ good understanding of the hydrogeological environment.		Groundwater is found in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquifer '''aquifers'''] - underground layers of water-bearing rock or sediment that contain groundwater. Aquifers are very different in different places, depending on the type and history of rock or sediment of which they are made - ie, depending on their [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geology '''geology'''] and their weathering history.

			How and where groundwater occurs depends primarily on '''geology''' (including weathering) and on '''rainfall''' (both current and historic). The interaction between these factors gives rise to complex '''hydrogeological environments''', with countless variations in the quantity, quality, ease of access to and renewability of groundwater resources. Because the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogeology hydrogeology] - of different hydrogeological environments - in other words, how groundwater exists and behaves - is very different, it is often necessary to use different methods to find, abstract and manage groundwater in different environments. A good understanding of the hydrogeological environment is essential in order to successfully develop groundwater resources.

	Africa is hugely diverse in its geology, climate and hydrology. As a result, the hydrogeology of Africa is also hugely variable. But at a continental scale, there are only four main types of '''hydrogeological environment''' (or '''aquifer type''') - shown in the map, below:		Africa is hugely diverse in its geology, climate and hydrology. As a result, the hydrogeology of Africa is also hugely variable. But at a continental scale, there are only four main types of '''hydrogeological environment''' (or '''aquifer type''') - shown in the map, below:

Beod at 11:23, 30 January 2023

2023-01-30T11:23:07Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:23, 30 January 2023
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	[[Africa Groundwater Atlas Home \| Africa Groundwater Atlas]] >> [[Additional resources \| Resource pages ]] >> Overview of ~~Groundwater~~ in Africa		[[Africa Groundwater Atlas Home \| Africa Groundwater Atlas]] >> [[Additional resources \| Resource pages ]] >> Overview of groundwater resources and hydrogeological environments in Africa

	Please cite page as: Africa Groundwater Atlas. 2019. Overview of Groundwater in Africa. British Geological Survey. Accessed [date you accessed the information]. ''Weblink''.		Please cite page as: Africa Groundwater Atlas. 2019. Overview of Groundwater in Africa. British Geological Survey. Accessed [date you accessed the information]. ''Weblink''.
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	*'''unconsolidated sedimentary''' aquifers.		*'''unconsolidated sedimentary''' aquifers.

	A detailed description of these environments is in [~~http~~://nora.nerc.ac.uk/501047/ MacDonald and Davies (2001)]; and a summary is below.		A detailed description of these environments is in [https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/501047/ MacDonald and Davies (2001)]; and a summary is below.

	[[File:Africa_Hgcl_Envs.png\|thumb\| 400px\|center\| The main hydrogeological environments in Africa]]		[[File:Africa_Hgcl_Envs.png\|thumb\| 400px\|center\| The main hydrogeological environments in Africa]]
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	Maps summarising the hydrogeology of Africa:		Maps summarising the hydrogeology of Africa:
	[~~http~~://www.bgs.ac.uk/research/groundwater/international/africanGroundwater/maps.html Quantitative Groundwater Maps for Africa]		[https://www.bgs.ac.uk/research/groundwater/international/africanGroundwater/maps.html Quantitative Groundwater Maps for Africa]

	MacDonald, A.M. & Davies, J. 2000. [~~http~~://nora.nerc.ac.uk/501047/ A brief review of groundwater for rural water supply in sub-Saharan Africa]. British Geological Survey Report WC/00/033.		MacDonald, A.M. & Davies, J. 2000. [https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/501047/ A brief review of groundwater for rural water supply in sub-Saharan Africa]. British Geological Survey Report WC/00/033.

	MacDonald, A.M., Bonsor, H.C., Ó Dochartaigh, B.É. & Taylor, R.G. 2012. [~~http~~://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/7/2/024009;jsessionid=18D8D7F69C3ACBEED0D7494F46850BD6.c1 Quantitative maps of groundwater resources in Africa]. Environmental Research Letters 7(2).		MacDonald, A.M., Bonsor, H.C., Ó Dochartaigh, B.É. & Taylor, R.G. 2012. [https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/7/2/024009;jsessionid=18D8D7F69C3ACBEED0D7494F46850BD6.c1 Quantitative maps of groundwater resources in Africa]. Environmental Research Letters 7(2).

	MacDonald, A.M. & Calow, R.C. 2009. [~~http~~://nora.nerc.ac.uk/8460/ Developing groundwater for secure water supplies in Africa]. Desalination 248, 546-556. doi: 10.1016/j.desal.2008.05.100		MacDonald, A.M. & Calow, R.C. 2009. [https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/8460/ Developing groundwater for secure water supplies in Africa]. Desalination 248, 546-556. doi: 10.1016/j.desal.2008.05.100

Beod at 10:01, 2 July 2019

2019-07-02T10:01:11Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:01, 2 July 2019
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	[[Africa Groundwater Atlas Home \| Africa Groundwater Atlas]] >> [[Additional resources \| Resource pages ]] >> ~~An overview~~ of Groundwater in Africa		[[Africa Groundwater Atlas Home \| Africa Groundwater Atlas]] >> [[Additional resources \| Resource pages ]] >> Overview of Groundwater in Africa

			Please cite page as: Africa Groundwater Atlas. 2019. Overview of Groundwater in Africa. British Geological Survey. Accessed [date you accessed the information]. ''Weblink''.


	==Groundwater in Africa==		==Groundwater in Africa==

Beod at 09:36, 8 January 2019

2019-01-08T09:36:12Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:36, 8 January 2019
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	[[Africa Groundwater Atlas Home \| Africa Groundwater Atlas]] >> [[Additional resources \| Resource pages ]] >> ~~Overview~~ of Groundwater in Africa		[[Africa Groundwater Atlas Home \| Africa Groundwater Atlas]] >> [[Additional resources \| Resource pages ]] >> An overview of Groundwater in Africa

	==Groundwater in Africa==		==Groundwater in Africa==