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Geological Survey of England and Wales 1:50,000 map tile: Sheet 13 Bellingham - data sources

Introduction (From memoir)

Crag Lough and Highfield Crags, Roman Wall.

The Bellingham district includes much of the Roman Wall country, the Northumbrian lakes, North Tynedale and Redesdale—all areas of outstanding, unspoilt beauty. They are underlain by Carboniferous rocks, 1600 m thick which were laid down around 300 million years ago. In the south and east, 'Yoredale'; limestones, sandstones and shales with the intrusive dolerite of the Whin Sill form scarp and dip-slope features, but in the forested areas to the north and west thick boulder clay of Pleistocene age mantles most of the solid rock and forms its own distinctive drumlin topography. This memoir is the first comprehensive published account of the geology of the district. After an introductory chapter, the stratigraphy of the Carboniferous rocks is described in detail, with comprehensive correlation diagrams of sections and boreholes together with complementary palaeontological identifications.

Accounts of the igneous rocks and structure of the region are followed by chapters on the Pleistocene and economic geology. Appendices list boreholes, shafts, measured sections and geological photographs and conclude with a comprehensive bibliography.

Previous research

For full references see the "References"

Reference to the geology of the district can be found in many early works but the first systematic study was the primary six-inch geological survey by Hugh Miller Jnr., and D. Burns between 1875 and 1878. The solid edition of their one-inch map was published in 1881 followed by the drift edition in 1883. This map was not accompanied by a detailed geological succession nor were any major lithological subdivisions of the Carboniferous shown. A descriptive memoir written by Miller was not published. Small areas on the eastern and western edges of the district were resurveyed by G. A. Burnett (1932–35) and J. B. W. Day, D. H. Land and D. A. C. Mills (1954–58) respectively. This memoir is the first comprehensive description of the geology of the district (Figure 3), though a number of generalised descriptions have appeared in works which deal with wider regions (e.g. Lebour, 1889; Garwood, 1910; Smith, 1912; Hickling and others, 1931; Taylor and others, 1971). In addition, important contributions to knowledge of the Carboniferous rocks of the district include those by Tate (1867a), Lebour (1873, 1875a, b), Johnson (1959), Fowler (1966) and Frost (1969). Igneous rocks have been studied by Tate (1867a, b, 1870). Topley and Lebour (1877), Teall (1884a, b), Heslop and Smythe (1910), Weyman (1910), Holmes and Harwood (1928, 1929), Smythe (1930), Randall (1959a, b), and Ineson (1972). Mineral deposits have been described by Wilson and others (1922), Smith (1923) and Dunham (1948); and the drift deposits and glacial retreat phenomena by Dwerryhouse (1902) and Smythe (1908, 1912). Memoirs describing adjacent areas include those by Miller (1887), Clough (1889), Trotter and Hollingworth (1932), Fowler (1936) and Day (1970).

Survey mapping timeline

1875-1878 Original geological survey on the Six-Inch scale by H. Miller and D. Burns.

1881 Published on the One-Inch scale as Old Series Sheet 106 NE (Solid Edition).

1883 Published on the One-Inch scale as Old Series Sheet 106 NE (Drift Edition).

1932-1935. Eastern margin resurveyed on the Six-Inch scale by G.A. Burnett in 1932-1935.

1939-1945. Mineral Revision by K.C. Dunham in 1939-1945.

1954-1959. Western margin resurveyed on the Six-Inch scale by J.B.W. Day, D.H. Land and D.A.C. Mills in W. Anderson, District Geologist.

1968-1975. Resurveyed on the Six-Inch scale by D.V. Frost and D.W. Holliday.

Maps

To view all published sheets for this areas visit the Maps Portal.

Latest published maps for this area

Drift sheet - View full map	Solid sheet - View full map

Drift map details

Map series:	Geological Survey of England and Wales 1:63,360/1:50,000 geological map series, New Series
Sheet number:	13
Sheet title:	Bellingham.
Map type:	Drift
Scale:	1:50 000
Publication year:	1980
Author statement:	Original geological survey on the Six-Inch scale by H. Miller and D. Burns in 1875-1878. Published on the One-Inch scale as Old Series Sheet 106 NE in 1881 (Solid Edition) and 1883 (Drift Edition). Eastern margin resurveyed on the Six-Inch scale by G.A. Burnett in 1932-1935. Mineral Revision by K.C. Dunham in 1939-1945. Western margin resurveyed on the Six-Inch scale by J.B.W. Day, D.H. Land and D.A.C. Mills in 1954-59. W. Anderson, District Geologist. Resurveyed on the Six-Inch scale by D.V. Frost and D.W. Holliday in 1968-1975.
Published statement:	Published 1980. Print code: 3500/80.

Solid map details

Map series:	Geological Survey of England and Wales 1:63,360/1:50,000 geological map series, New Series
Sheet number:	13
Sheet title:	Bellingham.
Map type:	Solid
Scale:	1:50 000
Publication year:	1980
Author statement:	Original geological survey on the Six-Inch scale by H. Miller and D. Burns in 1875-1878. Published on the One-Inch scale as Old Series Sheet 106 NE in 1881 (Solid Edition) and 1883 (Drift Edition). Eastern margin resurveyed on the Six-Inch scale by G.A. Burnett in 1932-1935. Mineral Revision by K.C. Dunham in 1939-1945. Western margin resurveyed on the Six-Inch scale by J.B.W. Day, D.H. Land and D.A.C. Mills in 1954-59. W. Anderson, District Geologist. Resurveyed on the Six-Inch scale by D.V. Frost and D.W. Holliday in 1968-1975.
Published statement:	Published 1980. Print code: 3500/80.

Six-inch maps

The following is a list of six-inch geological maps included in the area of 1:50000 Geological Sheet 13 with the date of survey for each map. The surveying officers are: G. A. Burnett, J. B. W. Day, D. V. Frost, D. W. Holliday, D. H. Land and D. A. C. Mills. Copies of the maps are deposited for public reference in the libraries of the London and Leeds Offices of the Institute of Geological Sciences. Uncoloured dyeline copies of those marked by an asterisk are available for purchase. Xerox copies of the remaining partially surveyed sheets are also available.

NY 66 NE Tipalt Burn	Day	1954
NY 67 SE* Wileysike	Day	1954
NY 67 NE* Churnsike	Mills	1954–58
NY 68 SE* Christy's Crags	Mills	1957–58
NY 68 NE Whickhope	Land	1958
NY 76 NW Edges Green	Frost	1973
NY 76 NE Broomlee and Greenlee	Frost	1973
NY 77 SW* Grindon Green	Frost	1970
NY 77 SE* Shepherdshield	Frost	1968–69
NY 77 NW* Green Moor	Holliday	1974
NY 77 NE* Blackaburn and Stonehaugh	Frost	1972–73
NY 78.SW* Chirdon Burn	Holliday	1973–74
NY 78 NW Falstone	Holliday	1973
NY 78 NE Greenhaugh	Holliday	1973
NY 86 NW Grindon Hill	Frost and Holliday	1968
NY 86 NE Newbrough and Fourstones	Holliday	1968
NY 87 SW* Sewingshields	Frost	1968
NY 87 SE* Simonburn	Frost and Holliday	1968–69
NY 87 NW* Warksburn	Frost	1971
NY 87 NE* Birtley and Wark	Frost	1970
NY 88 SW* Bellingham	Frost	1972–73
NY 88 SE* Redesmouth	Frost	1972
NY 88 NW Hareshaw	Frost	1973
NY 88 NE West Woodburn	Frost	1973
NY 96 NW Wall	Holliday	1971
NY 96 NE Stagshaw	Burnett and Holliday	1935, 1971
NY 97 SW* Barrasford	Holliday	1971
NY 97 SE* Bingfield	Burnett and Holliday	1934–35,1968,1971
NY 97 NW* Gunnerton	Frost	1971
NY 97 NE* Hallington	Burnett and Holliday	1932–34,1971–73
NY 98 SW* Ridsdale	Frost	1972–73
NY 98 SE* Great Bavington	Burnett and Holliday	1932–33,1972–73
NY 98 NW East Woodburn	Frost	1973
NY 98 NE Raechester	Burnett and Holliday	1933, 1973

Memoir

Geology of the country around Bellingham. Memoir for 1:50 000 geological sheet 13 by D.V. Frost and D.W. Holliday

Bibliographical reference: Frost, D.V. and Holliday, D.W. 1980. Geology of the country around Bellingham. Mem. Geol. Surv. G.B., Sheet 13, 112 pp.

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