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Papers and reports
===== Inputs & outputs=====
Payo, A., Favis-Mortlock, D., Dickson, M., Hall, J. W., Hurst, M. D., Walkden, M. J. A., Townend, I., Ives, M. C., Nicholls, R. J., and Ellis, M. A.: Coastal Modelling Environment version 1.0: a framework for integrating landform-specific component models in order to simulate decadal to centennial morphological changes on complex coasts, Geosci. Model Dev., 10, 2715-2740, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-2715-2017, 2017.
The input parameters to a model run consist of a set of raster files and configuration parameters.
The output of the model consists of snapshots of the Digital Elevation Model during its evolution and
Hydrodynamic drivers.
==== Raster inputs ====
The minimum raster input files required are a **basement file** and one layer of **consolidated sediment** and one layer of **non consolidated sediment**. The basement represents a vertical reference used at each raster grid to determine the elevation. The basement represent a non erodible layer (e.g. elevation goes from 0 to >0 but not to negative elevations). The consolidated and non consolidated layers are erodible (e.g. can increase or decrease thickness) and each layer contains a given amount of fine, sand and coarse sediment (represented as mm of sediment). If one type of the layer is non present (e.g. bare shore platform without a beach on top) at the initial time step, the input file still need to be included but with zero thickness everywhere. Building on this simple block structure, a pseudo-topography termed consolidated DEM (cDEM) and a full DEM (fDEM) is obtained by adding the thickness of all layers together. On the cDEM, the elevation at each raster cell is obtained as the cumulative sum of all consolidated blocks (i.e. non-consolidated blocks are not included) and on the fDEM all types of blocks are considered (i.e. equivalent to earth surface elevation). CoastalME is quite flexible regarding the raster input format that can read in. It uses the [[https://www.gdal.org/|Geospatial Data Abstraction Library]] allowing the user to select which type of [[https://www.gdal.org/formats_list.html|raster format]] to be used. The user preferred raster input format is defined, among others, on the configuration parameter file.  


French, J., Payo, A., Murray, B., Orford, J., Eliot, M., Cowell, P., 2016. Appropriate complexity for the prediction of coastal and estuarine geomorphic behaviour at decadal to centennial scales. Geomorphology 256, 3-16. doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2015.10.005
{{ :wiki:basement_still_water_level.png?nolink&400 |}}


Hurst, M.D., Barkwith, A., Ellis, M.A., Thomas, C.W., Murray, A.B., 2015. Exploring the sensitivities of crenulate bay shorelines to wave climates using a new vector-based one-line model. Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface 120, 2586-2608. doi/10.1002/2015JF003704


Kobayashi, N. (2016). Coastal sediment transport modeling for engineering applications. Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering 142(6): 03116001. doi/10.1061/%28ASCE%29WW.1943-5460.0000347
==== Configuration parameters ====
The configuration parameters are all stored in ASCII format in [[inputs_and_outputs:MyInputs.dat]]. To locate this parameter configuration file in your computed you will need to add the path to it on the [[inputs_and_outputs:cme.ini]] file. Unlike in other LSCB models, such as one-contour models, in CoastalME the user do not define the shoreline location at the initial time step directly but indirectly by defining the layers and the Still Water Level at the beginning of the simulation and CoastalME will then allocate the shoreline accordingly every time step.


Payo, A., Favis-Mortlock, D., Dickson, M., Hall, J. W., Hurst, M., Walkden, M. J. A., Townend, I., Ives, M. C., Nicholls, R. J., and Ellis, M. A.: CoastalME version 1.0: a Coastal Modelling Environment for simulating decadal to centennial morphological changes, Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., doi:10.5194/gmd-2016-264, in review, 2016. doi:10.5194/gmd-2016-264


Payo, A., Hall, J.W., Favis-Mortlock, D., Ives, M., 2015. A multi-landform numerical framework for modelling large scale coastal morphodynamics, In: Wang, P., Rosati, J.D., Cheng, J. (Eds.), The Proceedings of Coastal Sediments 2015. World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., San Diego, CA, p. 14.
==== Wave and shoreline orientation convention ====
The wave direction in the parameter configuration uses the [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azimuth#True_north-based_azimuths|'true north-based azimuthal system' ]] which is the oceanographic convention in which zero indicates that the waves are propagating towards the north and 90 towards the east. Shoreline orientation is also measured clockwise relative to the azimuth following the convention shown in the figure below, being a shoreline orientation 0 deg when oriented S-N and 90 deg when oriented W-E. By using a local coordinate system at every node along the coast, CoastalME allows the plan-view shoreline to take on arbitrary local orientations, and even fold back upon itself, as complex shapes such as capes and spits form under some wave climates.


Walkden, M. J. and J. W. Hall (2011). A Mesoscale Predictive Model of the Evolution and Management of a Soft- Rock Coast. Journal of Coastal Research 27(3): 529-543.doi/abs/10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-10-00099.1
{{ :wiki:wave_angle_convention.png?nolink&400 |}}


Coastal Modelling Environment
==== Rastet outputs ====
CoastalME is a modelling environment to simulate decadal and longer coastal morphological changes.
The output of the model consists of snapshots of the DEMs (cDEM and fDEM) during its evolution. The model can be configured to write the resulting DEM at any time during the simulation. The output format of DEM files is a user selected format from the GDAL supported [[https://www.gdal.org/formats_list.html|raster]] and [[https://www.gdal.org/ogr_formats.html|vector]] formats (it can be different as the format used for the initial model input). Other raster output data are:
Wave height
Active zone location
Shore platform erosion potential


It is an engineering tool for advanced modellers seeking to simulate the interaction of multiple coastal landforms and different types of human interventions Payo et al. (2015).
==== Vector outputs ====
Shoreline locations
Polygons used to compute alongshore sediment balance
Wave directions


Payo et al., (2016) described in detail the rationale behind CoastalME and demonstrated how it can be used to integrate; the Soft Cliff and Platform Erosion model SCAPE, the Coastal Vector Evolution Model COVE and the Cross Shore model CSHORE.
==== Time series outputs ====
 
Total suspended sediment load
The software is written in C++ following the object oriented paradigm and has been documented using Doxygen.
 
The C++ source code is available for download under GNU open source license.
 
Creation and visualization of all inputs an ouputs can be done using your prefereed text editor (i.e. Notepad++ for the config files) and QGIS (for the raster and vector output files).
 
To get you started here you have a few examples input files for the test cases shown below.

Latest revision as of 14:25, 28 February 2023

Inputs & outputs

The input parameters to a model run consist of a set of raster files and configuration parameters. The output of the model consists of snapshots of the Digital Elevation Model during its evolution and Hydrodynamic drivers.

Raster inputs

The minimum raster input files required are a **basement file** and one layer of **consolidated sediment** and one layer of **non consolidated sediment**. The basement represents a vertical reference used at each raster grid to determine the elevation. The basement represent a non erodible layer (e.g. elevation goes from 0 to >0 but not to negative elevations). The consolidated and non consolidated layers are erodible (e.g. can increase or decrease thickness) and each layer contains a given amount of fine, sand and coarse sediment (represented as mm of sediment). If one type of the layer is non present (e.g. bare shore platform without a beach on top) at the initial time step, the input file still need to be included but with zero thickness everywhere. Building on this simple block structure, a pseudo-topography termed consolidated DEM (cDEM) and a full DEM (fDEM) is obtained by adding the thickness of all layers together. On the cDEM, the elevation at each raster cell is obtained as the cumulative sum of all consolidated blocks (i.e. non-consolidated blocks are not included) and on the fDEM all types of blocks are considered (i.e. equivalent to earth surface elevation). CoastalME is quite flexible regarding the raster input format that can read in. It uses the [Data Abstraction Library] allowing the user to select which type of [format] to be used. The user preferred raster input format is defined, among others, on the configuration parameter file.

{{ :wiki:basement_still_water_level.png?nolink&400 |}}


Configuration parameters

The configuration parameters are all stored in ASCII format in inputs_and_outputs:MyInputs.dat. To locate this parameter configuration file in your computed you will need to add the path to it on the inputs_and_outputs:cme.ini file. Unlike in other LSCB models, such as one-contour models, in CoastalME the user do not define the shoreline location at the initial time step directly but indirectly by defining the layers and the Still Water Level at the beginning of the simulation and CoastalME will then allocate the shoreline accordingly every time step.


Wave and shoreline orientation convention

The wave direction in the parameter configuration uses the [north-based azimuthal system' ] which is the oceanographic convention in which zero indicates that the waves are propagating towards the north and 90 towards the east. Shoreline orientation is also measured clockwise relative to the azimuth following the convention shown in the figure below, being a shoreline orientation 0 deg when oriented S-N and 90 deg when oriented W-E. By using a local coordinate system at every node along the coast, CoastalME allows the plan-view shoreline to take on arbitrary local orientations, and even fold back upon itself, as complex shapes such as capes and spits form under some wave climates.

{{ :wiki:wave_angle_convention.png?nolink&400 |}}


Rastet outputs

The output of the model consists of snapshots of the DEMs (cDEM and fDEM) during its evolution. The model can be configured to write the resulting DEM at any time during the simulation. The output format of DEM files is a user selected format from the GDAL supported [[1]] and [[2]] formats (it can be different as the format used for the initial model input). Other raster output data are: Wave height Active zone location Shore platform erosion potential

Vector outputs

Shoreline locations Polygons used to compute alongshore sediment balance Wave directions

Time series outputs

Total suspended sediment load