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Geological Survey of Ireland 1:63,360 maps

Sheet number	Sheet name	Publication date	Statement of responsibility	Map
1	Malin Head	December 1888	R.J. Cruise.	View map
2	Glengad Head	December 1888	Geologically surveyed by Richard J. Cruise.	View map
3	Tory Island	February 1889	Geologically surveyed by F.W. Egan and W.F. Mitchell.	View map
4	Dunfanaghy	July 1890	Geologically surveyed by S.B. Wilkinson, J. Nolan, R.J. Cruise F. Egan and A. McHenry.	View map
5	Carndonagh	August 1890	Geologically surveyed by Richard J. Cruise.	View map
6	Moville	June 1889	Geologically surveyed by J. Nolan, R.J. Cruise, F.W. Egan and A. McHenry.	View map
7	Giant's Causeway	August 1887	Geologically surveyed by Rich'd G. Symes, F.W. Egan and A. McHenry.	View map
8	Ballycastle	August 1887	Geologically surveyed by Rich'd G. Symes and Alex. McHenry.	View map
8	Ballycastle	1907	Geologically surveyed by Rich'd G. Symes and Alex. McHenry. Carboniferous boundary revised in 1906 by Alex. McHenry (also minor revisions) Edition of 1907.	View map
9	Gweedore	October 1889	Geologically surveyed by Joseph Nolan, F.W. Egan and J.R. Kilroe.	View map
10	Kilmacrenan	August 1890	Geologically surveyed by G.H. Kinahan, S.B. Wilkinson, J. Nolan and A. McHenry.	View map
11	Londonderry	February 1890	Geologically surveyed by G.H. Kinahan, J. Nolan and R.J. Cruise.	View map
12	Newtown Limavady	October 1884	Geologically surveyed by J. Nolan and F.W. Egan.	View map
13	Coleraine	November 1883	Geologically surveyed by F.W. Egan.	View map
13	Coleraine	1913	Geologically surveyed by F.W. Egan.	No map image
14	Cushendall	June 1886	Geologically surveyed by R.G. Symes and A. McHenry.	View map
14	Cushendall	1913	Geologically surveyed by R.G. Symes and A. McHenry. Re-edited 1913.	View map
15	Dunglow	April 1890	Geologically surveyed by J.R. Kilroe, A. McHenry and W.F. Mitchell.	View map
16	Letterkenny	May 1890	Geologically surveyed by G.H. Kinahan, F.W. Egan, A. McHenry and W.F. Mitchell.	View map
17	Strabane	December 1888	Geologically surveyed by G.H. Kinahan, S.B. Wilkinson, J. Nolan and F.W. Egan.	View map
18	Dungiven	September 1884	Geologically surveyed by J. Nolan and F.W. Egan.	View map
19	Maghera	December 1882	Geologically surveyed by F.W. Egan and W.A. Traill.	View map
20	Ballymena	October 1883	Geologically surveyed by R.G. Symes and W.A. Traill.	View map
20	Ballymena	1969	Geologically surveyed by R.G. Symes and W.A. Traill. Reprinted for the Geological Survey of Northern Ireland [Print code] 50/69.	View map
21	Larne	October 1869	Surveyed by G.V. Du Noyer.	View map
21	Larne	1883	Surveyed by Geo.V. Du Noyer. Revised 1883. Ordnance Survey, Revised Price 3/0 net. [In red ink.]	View map
21	Larne	1889	Surveyed by Geo.V. Du Noyer.	No map image
21	Larne	1947	Surveyed by G.V. Du Noyer. Revised 1883 [Print code] 60/4/47.	View map
22	Glen Bay	August 1890	Geologically surveyed by J.R. Kilroe and W.F. Mitchell.	View map
23	Glenties	1889	Geologically surveyed by R.G. Symes, J.R. Kilroe and W.F. Mitchell.	View map
24	Donegal	June 1887	Geologically surveyed by R.G. Symes, F.W. Egan, J.R. Kilroe and W.F. Mitchell. Ordnance Survey, Revised Price 8/3 net. [In red ink.]	View map
24	Donegal	1891	Geologically surveyed by R.G. Symes, F.W. Egan, J.R. Kilroe and W.F. Mitchell. Revised for Archaean rocks	View map
24	Donegal	1914	Geologically surveyed by R.G. Symes, F.W. Egan, J.R. Kilroe and W.F. Mitchell.	No map image
24	Donegal	1965	Geologically surveyed by R.G. Symes, F.W. Egan, J.R. Kilroe and W.F. Mitchell. Re-edited 1914. Reprinted for the Geological Survey of Northern Ireland. 1965. [Print code] 60/65.	View map
25	Newtown Stewart	December 1886	Geologically surveyed by S.B. Wilkinson, F.W. Egan and J.R. Kilroe.	View map
26	Draperstown	October 1882	Geologically surveyed by J. Nolan.	View map
26	Draperstown	1963	Geologically surveyed by J. Nolan. Reprinted for the Geological Survey of Northern Ireland. [Print code] 60/63.	View map
27	Cookstown	May 1880	Geologically surveyed by F.W. Egan.	View map
27	Cookstown	1966	Geologically surveyed by F.W. Egan. Reprinted for the Geological Survey of Northern Ireland. [Print code] 60/66	View map
28	Antrim	October 1874	Geologically surveyed by G.V. Du Noyer and W.E.L.E. Duffin.	View map
29	Carrickfergus	December 1869	G.V. Du Noyer. Notes to the fossil localities by W.H. Baily.	View map
29	Carrickfergus	1883	G.V. Du Noyer.	No map image
29	Carrickfergus	1898	G.V. Du Noyer. Revised edition published 1883. The Silurian area revised by F.W. Egan 1898.	View map
29	Carrickfergus	1898	Revised edition published 1883. The Silurian area revised by F.W. Egan 1898. Ordnance Survey, Revised Price 3/9 net. [In red ink.]	View map
30	Kilcar	August 1890	Geologically surveyed by W.F. Mitchell.	View map
31	Ballyshannon	November 1888	Rich'd G. Symes and W.F. Mitchell.	View map
31	Ballyshannon	1890	Geologically surveyed by Rich'd G. Symes and W.F. Mitchell. Metamorphic rocks east of Ballyshannon revised in 1890 by A. McHenry.	View map
31	Ballyshannon	1890	Geologically surveyed by Rich'd G. Symes and W.F. Mitchell. Metamorphic rocks west of Ballyshannon revised in 1890 by A. McHenry.	View map
31	Ballyshannon	1913	Rich'd G. Symes and W.F. Mitchell.	No map image
32	Pettigoe	November 1885	Geologically surveyed by Rich'd G. Symes, S.B. Wilkinson and W.F. Mitchell.	View map

BGS175: 175th Anniversary Science Symposium of the founding of the British Geological Survey, 28th September, Royal Institution, London

The British Geological Survey is the world's oldest national geological survey and commemorated its 175th anniversary in 2010.

The event was marked by a one-day science symposium on 28 September 2010.

The symposium showcased our world-class science and technologies, demonstrating their relevance, societal benefits and positive impacts in addressing 21st century challenges; including living with environmental change, energy and natural resource security, rising CO₂ emissions and geohazards.

• Peak metal: Scarcity of supply or scare story?
• Bronze Age Mediterraneans may have visited Stonehenge
• Modelling of Icelandic volcanic ash particles

The event was attended by influential stakeholders including representatives from government, industry, academia, international geological surveys, students and the national media.

Guest speakers included Dr Marcia McNutt, and Professor Iain Stewart.

Britain's best-known natural history film-maker, Sir David Attenborough, featured in the panel discussion to close the symposium.

About the British Geological Survey, 2010.

Win a place at BGS175

The winners of a VIP day at the science symposium, featuring Sir David Attenborough, are listed in the table below.

Jonathan Wyatt, SHROPSHIRE	Paul Colinese, LONDON
John Williams, SURREY	Sophie Hibben, KENT
Lisa Allan, LONDON	Rob Flanders, CHESHIRE
Vince Piper, BUCKINGHAMSHIRE	Steven Cadman, SURREY
Sahja Haji, LONDON	Litsa Breingan, LONDON
Paul Dotteridge, HERTFORDSHIRE	Stephen Metheringham, BUCKINGHAMSHIRE
Milo Brook, OXFORDSHIRE	Catherine Unsworth, LONDON

About the day

Symposium agenda

Download the oral programme 200 KB pdf

Keynote speakers and special guests

Video presentation: About the British Geological Survey - 175 years of geoscience
Sir David Attenborough wrote and narrated BBC's Uncovering Our Earliest Ancestor
Marcia McNutt, USGS Director, Introduction to The National Map
Professor Iain Stewart in the BBC's How Earth Made Us. Iain tells the epic story of how the planet has shaped our history.

Presentations

Insert Video: Panel session

Morning session A
Opening address	John Ludden, Executive Director, BGS
About the BGS - 175 years of geoscience
Twenty-first century survey	Denis Peach, Chief Scientist, BGS
Acuity, accuracy and application: from systematic geological mapping to responsive 3D+ surveys	Martin Smith, Head Geology & Landscape, BGS
From watercolour to web	Keith Westhead, Head Knowledge Exchange, BGS
Keynote: Facing tomorrow’s challenges with integrated science	Marcia McNutt, Director, USGS
Morning session B
OneGeology: improving access to geoscience globally	Ian Jackson, Chief of Operations, BGS
North American liaisons	Garth Earls, Director, GSNI
Arabian adventures: geological mapping and climate change in Arabia	Andrew Farrant, Geologist, BGS
Groundwater animals: extending our understanding of biodiversity in the UK	Louise Maurice, Groundwater ecologist, BGS
Life just got complicated	Dr Phil Wilby, Geologist, BGS
Afternoon session A
Predict or prepare: natural hazards and human disasters	David Kerridge, Head Earth Hazards & Systems, BGS
Groundwater, health and livelihoods in Africa	Alan MacDonald, Hydrogeologist, BGS
Marine exploration	Robert Gatliff, Head Marine Geoscience, BGS
Carbon capture and storage (CCS):demonstrating the concept	Andy Chadwick, Head CO2 Storage Research, BGS
Future energy: renewable energy dividends from our coal mining legacy	Diarmad Campbell, Chief Geologist, Scotland, BGS
Keynote: The human planet	Iain Stewart, Professor of Geosciences, Communication, University of Plymouth
Afternoon session B
Malthus revisited? Population growth, environmental change and resource limits	Andrew Bloodworth, Head Minerals & Waste, BGS
Looking forward to making predictions: BGS’s role in the next decade and beyond.	Andrew Hughes, Hydrogeologist, BGS
Panel session
Featuring: Sir David Attenborough, Marcia McNutt (Director, USGS) Iain Stewart (Chair), Randy Parrish (Head of NIGL), Kathryn Goodenough (Geologist, BGS), Mike Ellis (Head of Climate Science, BGS).
Closing remarks
Closing remarks by Jon Gluyas (BGS Board Chair), and BUFI poster prize presentation.

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© Natural Resources Wales. All rights reserved. For use contact: Natural Resources Wales

Edward Greenly

Edward Greenly (1861–1951)

Cofir am Edward Greenly yn bennaf am ei arolwg daearegol o Ynys Môn, gwaith y bu wrthi am bron pum mlynedd ar hugain o’i fywyd.

Image caption: Edward Greenly. Llun trwy garedigrwydd Terry Williams

Edward Greenly (1861–1951)

Campwaith pennaf Edward Greenly oedd cwblhau arolwg daearegol manwl o Ynys Môn. Cyhoeddwyd The Geology of Anglesey (Volume 1 and Volume 2) mewn dwy gyfrol yn 1919 ac yna yn 1920 fap daearegol ar y raddfa un fodfedd i’r filltir. Er bod rhannau o’r gwaith wedi’u diweddaru yn ystod y degawdau dilynol, erys ei astudiaeth yn glasur o fri rhyngwladol.

Mapio Môn

Wrth fapio ynys Môn, gwnaeth Greenly ddefnydd mawr o syniadau tectonig a ddatblygodd wrth iddo fynd i’r afael â gwaith maes cynharach yn Ucheldiroedd yr Alban. Roedd tair prif broblem yn ei wynebu: prinder brigiadau da, yn enwedig mewn ardaloedd mewndirol allweddol bwysig; presenoldeb creigiau gorchuddiol clytiog yn cuddio yn aml y baslawr Cyn-Gambriaidd hŷn; a phresenoldeb toriadau tectonig megis ffawtiau a chylchfaoedd croesrym a oedd yn aml yn rhwystro’r gwaith o gydberthyn gwahanol ddilyniannau o greigiau. Chwaraeodd ei wraig Annie Greenly (Barnard gynt), a oedd yn rhannu ei ddiddordeb mewn daeareg a diwinyddiaeth, rôl hollbwysig drwy baratoi’r mynegai i’w gyfrol.

Ganed Greenly ym Mryste ac fe’i haddysgwyd yng Ngholeg Clifton. Bu’n fyfyriwr yng Ngholeg y Brifysgol, Llundain, cyn ymuno â’r Arolwg Daearegol yn 1889. Yn gyntaf, bu gofyn iddo baratoi arolwg o Ucheldiroedd gogledd-orllewin yr Alban. Daeth yn ffrind agos ac yn gydweithiwr i Ben Peach yr oedd ei archwiliadau wedi bod yn gyfrwng i ddatrys adeiledd cymhleth yr Alban (gan gynnwys adnabod a sylweddoli arwyddocâd Gwthiad Moine). Rhoddodd Greenly y gorau i’w waith gyda’r Arolwg yn 1895 er mwyn iddo, o’i ben a’i bastwn ei hun. roi cychwyn ar ei arolwg o Ynys Môn.

Cyfraniadau pwysig i ddaeareg

Yn gydnabyddiaeth am ei gyfraniadau pwysig i ddaeareg, cafodd Edward Greenly ei dderbyn yn aelod er anrhydedd o gymdeithasau daearegol Caeredin a Lerpwl, a Chymdeithas Hynafiaethwyr Môn. Dyfarnwyd iddo Fedal Lyell, fawr ei bri, y Gymdeithas Ddaearegol yn 1920, medal Cymdeithas Ddaearegol Lerpwl yn 1933 a doethuriaeth er anrhydedd Prifysgol Cymru yn 1920.

Ar y cyd â Howel Williams, cyhoeddodd Greenly Methods of Geological Surveying yn 1930 a’i hunangofiant A Hand through Time: Memories Romantic and Geological a ymddangosodd yn 1938. Bu farw ym Mangor yn 1951 ac yn briodol iawn fe’i claddwyd ym mynwent Llangristiolus, Ynys Môn. Mae ei fedd wedi’i gyfnodi’n Safle Geoamrywiaeth o Bwysigrwydd Rhanbarthol (RIGS).

Geologists' Association photograph albums [Green bound]

These two key albums of the GA focus on photographs of members.

The first volume contains portraits of early GA members and then photographs of individuals or groups of members taken on GA field excursions 1922–1977.

The second volume contains photographs of individuals or groups of members taken on GA field excursions 1979 to 1996.

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Marine deposits of chromite and olivine off Rum

Extract from the Rum Memoir

As Rum is a National Nature Reserve, exploitation of chromite or other ore reserves on land could prove environmentally unacceptable. The marine dispersal of resistate minerals derived by glacial and fluvial erosion of the rocks of the Rum Central Complex has been investigated as a possible alternative for mineral exploitation. Black, heavy mineral sand occurs on the rocky beach in the bay at Harris, although well-defined high-water-mark bands such as are known from the Northumberland coast (Gallagher, 1974) are absent. The inshore area along 28 km of the southern coastline of Rum were surveyed in 1987, between A' Bhrideahach in the west and Loch Scresort in the east (Figure 1) and surficial marine sediment collected at 91 sites in water depths of 50 m or less within 3 km of the shore. After dissolution of shell calcite averaging 20% by weight, analysis of small shipboard samples yielded mean values of 0.12% Cr₂O₃ and 3.5% Mg (Table 12).

Relatively high chromium and magnesium values were recognised from two areas representing submarine deltas off Harris and Dibidil; new analyses from these areas are presented in (Figure 64) and (Figure 65). In the bay off Harris, 3 km² of sand sampled from the sea-bed surface in a mean water depth of 23 m contained on average 0.24% Cr and 7% Mg after removal of some 18% of shell calcite. The grade of the heavy mineral sands is therefore about 1% of chromite and 25% of forsteritic olivine from the mineral analyses given in (Table 13). It is concluded that tens of thousands of tonnes of chromite and more than 1 million tonnes of olivine and of calcite are present in the topmost 1 m of the Harris delta (utilising 2.2 g.cm^-1 as the wet density). The peak anomaly of 4% chromite and 50% olivine lies 1.8 km offshore.

A smaller area of 1 km² of heavy mineral sand is present up to 1 km off the mouth of the Dibidil River in a mean water depth of 19 m (Figure 64). After dissolution of approximately 30% contained calcite a small number of surface samples from the submarine delta (Gallagher, 1989) average 0.19% Cr, equivalent to about 0.8% chromite, and 4.5% Mg (15–20% of forsteritic olivine). The peak anomaly of 1.2% chromite occurs only 350 m offshore of the mouth of the Dibidil river. The figures indicate 10 000 tonnes of chromite in the top metre of the delta. Other isolated sample sites off south-west and south-east Rum are somewhat anomalous in chromium and magnesium, as might be expected from tidal dispersion, but further sampling will be needed to properly assess their significance.

A full evaluation of the true lateral extent and thickness of the deposits will require geophysical surveys and drilling of the deltaic sands. Heavy minerals will most likely be concentrated towards the base of the sand accumulations.

Mineralogy

The deltaic sediments are well-sorted medium- to fine-grained sands (125–500 pm) highly suitable for beneficiation by density or magnetic methods. The total amount of heavy minerals present increases with decreasing content of shell calcite, a feature which is likely to occur with depth in the deltas, and of quartz and feldspar. In five representative samples the total heavy mineral content ranged from 36 to 94% with olivine dominant, followed by clinopyroxene and orthopyroxene. Chromite-type spinels, magnetite and ilmenite make up 10–15% of the overall heavy-mineral fraction. Traces of platinum, palladium and gold were detected in a few of the samples (Gallagher, 1989).

From analyses of the main heavy minerals (Table 13), it can be seen that chromite averages 32% Cr₂O₃ (10.7–44.4%) and the olivine is forsterite-rich (FO₈₇). Detailed investigation of 31 samples from and around the Harris and Dibidil deltas shows that the chromite and olivine, calculated on a calcite-free basis, form 0.22–3.98% and 5–41% respectively (Basham et al., 1989).

Benificiation trials yielded concentrates of 86% chromite and 78% olivine with recoveries of 60% and 50% respectively. The size range and composition of the olivine in the marine sands compared well with the desired range for refractory use (Griffith, 1984). The iron content of the chromite is higher on average than that of South African chromites (25% FeO); nevertheless, in ferro-chrome production the tendency is towards acceptance of increasingly higher iron content (Power, 1985).

References

BASHAM, I R, BEDDOE-STEPHENS, B, and MACDONALD, A. 1989. Mineralogical assessment of submarine heavy mineral sands, southern Rhum. British Geological Survey Technical Report, WG/89/26. 12pp.

GALLAGHER, M J. 1974. Rutile and zircon in Northumbrian beach sands. Transactions of the Institution of Mining and Metallurgy, (Section B. Applied earth science.), Vol. 83, B97–98.

GALLAGHER, M J. 1989. Marine deposits of olivine and chromite, Inner Hebrides. British Geological Survey Open File Data Package.

GALLAGHER, M J BASHAM, I R, and 10 others. 1989. Marine deposits of chromite and olivine, Inner Hebrides of Scotland. British Geological Survey Technical Report, WF/89/13. British Geological Survey Mineral Reconnaissance Programme Report, No. 106. 20pp.

GRIFFITHS, J. 1984. Olivine - exchanging new uses for old. Industrial Minerals, September 1984, 65–79.

POWER, T. 1985. Chromite - the non-metallurgical market. Industrial Minerals, April 1985, 17–51.