Hydrogeology of South Africa: Difference between revisions

From MediaWiki
Jump to navigation Jump to search
← Older editNewer edit →
Beod (talk | contribs)
Trustworthy, editor, reviewer, Administrators
6,985 edits
No edit summary
Beod (talk | contribs)
Trustworthy, editor, reviewer, Administrators
6,985 edits
No edit summary
Line 8: Line 8:
==Geographical Setting==
==Geographical Setting==


[[File:SouthAfrica_Political.png | right | frame | Map of South Africa (For more information on the datasets used in the map see the [[Geography | geography resources section]])]]  
[[File:South Africa_Political.png | right | frame | Map of South Africa (For more information on the datasets used in the map see the [[Geography | geography resources section]])]]  




Line 50: Line 50:


<gallery widths="375px" heights=365px mode=nolines>
<gallery widths="375px" heights=365px mode=nolines>
File:COUNTRY_ClimateZones.png |Koppen Geiger Climate Zones
File:South Africa_ClimateZones.png |Koppen Geiger Climate Zones
File:COUNTRY_ClimatePrecip.png |Average Annual Precipitation
File:South Africa_ClimatePrecip.png |Average Annual Precipitation
File:COUNTRY_ClimateTemp.png |Average Temperature
File:South Africa_ClimateTemp.png |Average Temperature
</gallery>
</gallery>


Temporal variations in temperature and rainfall.
Temporal variations in temperature and rainfall.
Rainfall time-series and graphs of monthly average rainfall and temperature for each individual climate zone can be found on the [[Climate of COUNTRY | COUNTRY Climate Page]].  
Rainfall time-series and graphs of monthly average rainfall and temperature for each individual climate zone can be found on the [[Climate of South Africa | South Africa Climate Page]].  




[[File:COUNTRY_pre_Monthly.png| 255x124px| Average monthly precipitation for COUNTRY showing minimum and maximum (light blue), 25th and 75th percentile (blue), and median (dark blue) rainfall]] [[File:COUNTRY_tmp_Monthly.png| 255x124px| Average monthly temperature for COUNTRY showing minimum and maximum (orange), 25th and 75th percentile (red), and median (black) temperature]] [[File:COUNTRY_pre_Qts.png | 255x124px | Quarterly precipitation over the period 1950-2012]] [[File:COUNTRY_pre_Mts.png|255x124px | Monthly precipitation (blue) over the period 2000-2012 compared with the long term monthly average (red)]]  
[[File:South Africa_pre_Monthly.png| 255x124px| Average monthly precipitation for South Africa showing minimum and maximum (light blue), 25th and 75th percentile (blue), and median (dark blue) rainfall]] [[File:South Africa_tmp_Monthly.png| 255x124px| Average monthly temperature for South Africa showing minimum and maximum (orange), 25th and 75th percentile (red), and median (black) temperature]] [[File:South Africa_pre_Qts.png | 255x124px | Quarterly precipitation over the period 1950-2012]] [[File:South Africa_pre_Mts.png|255x124px | Monthly precipitation (blue) over the period 2000-2012 compared with the long term monthly average (red)]]  
   
   
For further detail on the climate datasets used see the [[Climate | climate resources section]].
For further detail on the climate datasets used see the [[Climate | climate resources section]].
Line 74: Line 74:




| [[File:COUNTRY_Hydrology.png | frame | Surface Water Map of COUNTRY (For more information on the datasets used in the map see the [[Surface water | surface water resources section]])]]
| [[File:South Africa_Hydrology.png | frame | Surface Water Map of South Africa (For more information on the datasets used in the map see the [[Surface water | surface water resources section]])]]
|}
|}


Line 83: Line 83:
{|
{|
|-
|-
| [[File:COUNTRY_soil.png | frame | Soil Map of COUNTRY (For map key and more information on the datasets used in the map see the [[Soil | soil resources section]])]]
| [[File:South Africa_soil.png | frame | Soil Map of South Africa (For map key and more information on the datasets used in the map see the [[Soil | soil resources section]])]]


|
|
Line 95: Line 95:
|
|


| [[File:COUNTRY_LandCover.png | frame | Land Cover Map of COUNTRY (For map key and more information on the datasets used in the map see the [[Land cover | land cover resources section]])]]
| [[File:South Africa_LandCover.png | frame | Land Cover Map of South Africa (For map key and more information on the datasets used in the map see the [[Land cover | land cover resources section]])]]
|}
|}


Line 101: Line 101:
==[[Geology]]==
==[[Geology]]==


This section provides a summary of the geology of XXX. More detail can be found in the references listed at the bottom of this page. ''Many of these references can be accessed through the [http://www.bgs.ac.uk/africagroundwateratlas/index.cfm Africa Groundwater Literature Archive].''
This section provides a summary of the geology of South Africa. More detail can be found in the references listed at the bottom of this page. ''Many of these references can be accessed through the [http://www.bgs.ac.uk/africagroundwateratlas/index.cfm Africa Groundwater Literature Archive].''
 
The geology map on this page shows a simplified version of the geology at a national scale (see [[Geology | the Geology resources page]] for more details). ''The map is available to download as a shapefile (.shp) for use in GIS packages.''  
The geology map on this page shows a simplified version of the geology at a national scale (see [[Geology | the Geology resources page]] for more details). ''The map is available to download as a shapefile (.shp) for use in GIS packages.''  
[[File:COUNTRY_Geology.png | right]]
 
[[File:South Africa_Geology.png | right]]


{| class = "wikitable"
{| class = "wikitable"
Line 149: Line 151:
==Hydrogeology==
==Hydrogeology==


This section provides a summary of the hydrogeology of the main aquifers in XXXX.  More information is available in the references listed at the bottom of this page. ''Many of these references can be accessed through the [http://www.bgs.ac.uk/africagroundwateratlas/index.cfm Africa Groundwater Literature Archive].''
This section provides a summary of the hydrogeology of the main aquifers in South Africa.  More information is available in the references listed at the bottom of this page. ''Many of these references can be accessed through the [http://www.bgs.ac.uk/africagroundwateratlas/index.cfm Africa Groundwater Literature Archive].''
 
The hydrogeology map on this page shows a simplified version of the type and productivity of the main aquifers at a national scale (see [[Aquifer properties| the Aquifer properties resource page]] for more details). ''The map is available to download as a shapefile (.shp) for use in GIS packages.''
The hydrogeology map on this page shows a simplified version of the type and productivity of the main aquifers at a national scale (see [[Aquifer properties| the Aquifer properties resource page]] for more details). ''The map is available to download as a shapefile (.shp) for use in GIS packages.''


  [[File:COUNTRY_Hydrogeology.png]] [[File: Hydrogeology_Key.png | 500x195px]]
  [[File:South Africa_Hydrogeology.png]] [[File: Hydrogeology_Key.png | 500x195px]]




Revision as of 16:01, 17 June 2015

Africa Groundwater Atlas >> Hydrogeology by country >> Hydrogeology of South Africa

Authors

Brighid Ó Dochartaigh, Kirsty Upton, British Geological Survey, UK

Geographical Setting

Map of South Africa (For more information on the datasets used in the map see the geography resources section)


General

Estimated Population in 2013* 52,980,000
Rural Population (% of total) (2013)* 36%
Total Surface Area* 1,213,090 sq km
Agricultural Land (% of total area) (2012)* 79%
Capital City Pretoria (executive); Bloemfontein (judicial); Cape Town (legislative)
Region Southern Africa
Border Countries Namibia, Botswana,Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Swaziland, Lesotho.
Annual Freshwater Withdrawal (2013)* 12.500 Million cubic metres
Annual Freshwater Withdrawal for Agriculture (2013)* 63%
Annual Freshwater Withdrawal for Domestic Use (2013)* 31%
Annual Freshwater Withdrawal for Industry (2013)* 6%
Rural Population with Access to Improved Water Source (2012)* 88%
Urban Population with Access to Improved Water Source (2012)* 99%

* Source: World Bank


Climate

  • Koppen Geiger Climate Zones
    Koppen Geiger Climate Zones
  • Average Annual Precipitation
    Average Annual Precipitation
  • Average Temperature
    Average Temperature

Temporal variations in temperature and rainfall. Rainfall time-series and graphs of monthly average rainfall and temperature for each individual climate zone can be found on the South Africa Climate Page.


Average monthly precipitation for South Africa showing minimum and maximum (light blue), 25th and 75th percentile (blue), and median (dark blue) rainfall Average monthly temperature for South Africa showing minimum and maximum (orange), 25th and 75th percentile (red), and median (black) temperature Quarterly precipitation over the period 1950-2012 Monthly precipitation (blue) over the period 2000-2012 compared with the long term monthly average (red)

For further detail on the climate datasets used see the climate resources section.


Climate zones

Surface water
Surface Water Map of South Africa (For more information on the datasets used in the map see the surface water resources section)



Soil

Soil Map of South Africa (For map key and more information on the datasets used in the map see the soil resources section)


Land cover

File:South Africa LandCover.png
Land Cover Map of South Africa (For map key and more information on the datasets used in the map see the land cover resources section)


Geology

This section provides a summary of the geology of South Africa. More detail can be found in the references listed at the bottom of this page. Many of these references can be accessed through the Africa Groundwater Literature Archive.

The geology map on this page shows a simplified version of the geology at a national scale (see the Geology resources page for more details). The map is available to download as a shapefile (.shp) for use in GIS packages.

Geological Environments
Key Formations Period Lithology Structure
Geological Environment 1
Name of formation1 Time period Description Structure
Geological Environment 2
Geological Environment 3


Hydrogeology

This section provides a summary of the hydrogeology of the main aquifers in South Africa. More information is available in the references listed at the bottom of this page. Many of these references can be accessed through the Africa Groundwater Literature Archive.

The hydrogeology map on this page shows a simplified version of the type and productivity of the main aquifers at a national scale (see the Aquifer properties resource page for more details). The map is available to download as a shapefile (.shp) for use in GIS packages.


Unconsolidated

Named Aquifers General Description Water quantity issues Water quality issues Recharge

Sedimentary - Intergranular Flow

Named Aquifers General Description Water quantity issues Water quality issues Recharge

Sedimentary - Intergranular & Fracture Flow

Named Aquifers General Description Water quantity issues Water quality issues Recharge

Sedimentary - Fracture Flow

Named Aquifers General Description Water quantity issues Water quality issues Recharge

Basement

Named Aquifers General Description Water quantity issues Water quality issues Recharge


Groundwater Status

Groundwater use and management

Groundwater use

Groundwater management

Groundwater monitoring

Transboundary aquifers===

For further information about transboundary aquifers, please see the Transboundary aquifers resources page

References

The following references provide more information on the geology and hydrogeology of South Africa.

These, and others, can be accessed through the Africa Groundwater Literature Archive EDIT THE LINK TO CORRECT COUNTRY!!

Geology: key references

Hydrogeology: key references

Return to the index pages

Africa Groundwater Atlas >> Hydrogeology by country >> Hydrogeology of COUNTRY

Retrieved from "http://earthwise.bgs.ac.uk/index.php?title=Hydrogeology_of_South_Africa&oldid=12920"